St Anthonyn.

Brit.

/s(ə)nt ˈantəni/, U.S.

/ˌseɪn(t) ˈænθəni/,

/s(ə)n(t) ˈænθəni/,

/ˌseɪn(t) ˈæntəni/,

/s(ə)n(t) ˈæntəni/

Forms: see saint adj. and n. and Anthony n.

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Anthony.

Etymology: < the name of St Anthony the Great (see Anthony n.). Compare Anthony n. and later tantony n.With St Anthony's fire at sense 1, compare post-classical Latin ignis Sancti Antonii (1363 in the passage translated in quot. ?a1425 at sense 1; from c1500 in British sources), Middle French, French feu saint-Antoine (1346), Old Occitan foc sant Antoni , and also early modern German sanct Antonie fewr , sanct Antoniusfewr (early 16th cent.). For the semantic motivation see discussion in the etymological note at Anthony n.

1. In the genitive, with of, and attributive, esp. in St Anthony's fire. Denoting any of various diseases or conditions of the skin or underlying soft tissues characterized by heat and redness, and often by rapid spread (cf. fire n. 14), spec. erysipelas or (in early use also) gangrene; (also) designating a case or individual lesion of such disease. Now historical.Now often identified as epidemic gangrenous ergotism, which is believed to have occurred in France and other parts of continental Europe at irregular intervals until the 19th cent., but there is little convincing contemporary evidence for use of the English name for this disease.For the semantic motivation of this sense see note in etymology at Anthony n., and cf. sense 2 at that entry.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [noun] > other diseases or conditions

impetigo1398

deadingc1400

St Anthonyc1405

foulness1559

acrochordon1565

foulness1583

heat1597

bleach1601

Anthony's fire1609

desquamation1726

sivvens1762

erythema1778

rupia1813

morula1817

dermalgia1842

mycosis1846

cheloid1854

keloid1854

morule1857

kelis1864

dermatosis1866

epithelioma1872

vagabond's disease1876

vagabond's skin1876

dermatitis1877

erysipeloid1888

Ritter's disease1888

acanthosis nigricans1890

angiokeratoma1891

sunburn1891

porokeratosis1893

acrodermatitis1894

epidermolysis1894

keratolysis1895

dermographism1896

neurodermatitis1896

peau d'orange1896

X-ray dermatitis1897

dermatomyositis1899

papulo-erythema1899

pyodermia1899

tar acne1899

dermographia1900

radiodermatitis1903

poikiloderma1907

neurodermatosis1909

leishmanoid1922

razor burn1924

pyoderma1930

photodermatosis1931

photodermatitis1933

necrobiosis lipoidica1934

pyoderma gangrenosum1936

fassy1943

acrodermatitis enteropathica1945

chicken skin1946

nylon stocking dermatitis1947

Sézary('s) syndrome1953

pigskin1966

washerwoman's skin1981

strimmer rash1984

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) §353 Half the partie of hire pryuee membres ben corrupt by the fyr of Seint Antony or by cancre or othere swiche meschaunces.

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 27^v (MED) Estiomene is ysayd comonly þe fire of Seynt Antony or of Seynt Martialis [L. ignis sancti Anthonii aut sancti Marcialis].

?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Paris) (1971) 338 I haue seyne þerof many membres ben broght into Seynt Antonyes euel and broken oute.

1527 L. Andrewe tr. H. Brunschwig Vertuose Boke Distyllacyon sig. A ij Sorell water slaketh St. Anthonys fyre.

1546 T. Phaer Bk. Children sig. Bb.viii In Greke herisipelas, and of the Latines Sacer ignis, our Englysshe women call it the fyre of Saynt Anthonye, or chingles, it is an inflammation of membres with excedyng burnynge and rednesse.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball i. xii. 20 The greene leaues of Fole foote pounde with Hony, do cure and heale the hoate inflammation called Saint Anthonies fyre, and all other kindes of inflammation.

1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 311 The disease called Erysipelas,..commonly called S. Anthonies fyre.

1693 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) III. 115 Symptoms of St. Anthony's fire appearing, she was let blood.

?1748 P. Blair Case Mr. Baker 29 The Confluent kind of Small Pox is an obstruction of finer Vessels, than in the Distinct kind; or a St. Anthonys Fire, than a Common Boil: And thence arises the difference in danger.

1773 W. Rowley Treat. Princ. Dis. Eyes 108 Her whole body was covered with large serpigenious eruptions, which her apothecary had called the scurvy; and the swelling in the face, the St. Anthony's fire.

1794 J. P. Andrews Hist. Great Brit. connected with Chronol. of Europe I. 115 Lorrain loses many of its inhabitants [in 1090] by a disease called the ‘feu sacreè [sic]’ or consecrated fire... This appears to have been what is now called St Anthony's fire.

1834 Penny Cycl. II. 96/2 Among the miracles believed to have been wrought by his intercession, was the cure of the distemper called the sacred fire, since that time called St. Anthony's fire, and in modern days erysipelas.

1896 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 29 Aug. 520/2 In the present work [sc. L'ergotisme: ignis sacer, ignis Sancti Antonii] Dr. Ehlers endeavours to show that the ignis sacer of the Middle Ages was gangrene, and that when it occurred in an epidemic form it was known as ‘St. Anthony's fire’, which was always due to ergotism.

1908 Amer. Jrnl. Nursing 8 976 Erysipelas, otherwise known as rose, St. Anthony's fire, is recognized in two ways: traumatic,..or idiopathic.

1944 R. Winston & C. Winston tr. H. E. Jacob Six Thousand Years of Bread lxi. 151 There was St. Anthony's fire, the ergot poisoning which killed off hundreds of thousands in the rye lands of Europe.

2000 Clin. Infectious Dis. 31 735/2 Some names for infection refer directly to fire, such as ‘St. Anthony's fire’, which was a term for erysipelas.

2. attributive, in the genitive, and in constructions with of. Denoting a pig kept by a religious order associated with St Anthony the Great, or a pig dedicated to the saint, which is allowed to roam freely and is typically thought of as being small, fat, and domesticated. Frequently in similative and proverbial use.For similar uses, cf. Anthony n. 1, tantony n. c.

ΚΠ

c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 215 (MED) Þer come in-to þe howse vnto þaim a swyne of Saynt Antons.

1546 J. Bale Actes Eng. Votaryes: 1st Pt. f. 12 Saynt Antonyes pygge, Saynt Georges colte, and Saynte Dunstanes deuyll.

1576 T. Twyne Schoolemaster iv. xxxvi. sig. T.iii The Minours vnderstanding that the Antonians had there in the towne a S. Antonies pig,..they tooke him home to theyr house and killed him.

1634 S. Birckbek tr. Dante in Protestants Evid. xiv. 60 By this St. Anthony piggs grow fat, And such like Pardoners.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) London 197 He will follow him like a St. Anthonies Pig. St. Anthonie is notoriously know[n] for the Patron of Hogs, having a pig for his page in all pictures.

1709 Brit. Apollo 26–28 Oct. Whom all the Town follow, Like so many St. Anthony's Pigs.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. (at cited word) In several places, they [sc. Catholics] keep at common charges a hog denominated St. Anthony's hog.

1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. viii. 99 Our Signoria plays the host to all the Jewish and Christian scum that every other city shuts its gates against, and lets them fatten on us like Saint Anthony's swine.

1958 S. Beckett Unnamable 105 Worth ten of Saint Anthony's pig's arse.

1995 L. Manley Lit. & Culture in Early Mod. London vii. 414 He might know someone..as tenacious as a St. Anthony's pig.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	st anthony
释义	St Anthonyn. Brit. /s(ə)nt ˈantəni/, U.S. /ˌseɪn(t) ˈænθəni/, /s(ə)n(t) ˈænθəni/, /ˌseɪn(t) ˈæntəni/, /s(ə)n(t) ˈæntəni/ Forms: see saint adj. and n. and Anthony n. Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Anthony. Etymology: < the name of St Anthony the Great (see Anthony n.). Compare Anthony n. and later tantony n.With St Anthony's fire at sense 1, compare post-classical Latin ignis Sancti Antonii (1363 in the passage translated in quot. ?a1425 at sense 1; from c1500 in British sources), Middle French, French feu saint-Antoine (1346), Old Occitan foc sant Antoni , and also early modern German sanct Antonie fewr , sanct Antoniusfewr (early 16th cent.). For the semantic motivation see discussion in the etymological note at Anthony n. 1. In the genitive, with of, and attributive, esp. in St Anthony's fire. Denoting any of various diseases or conditions of the skin or underlying soft tissues characterized by heat and redness, and often by rapid spread (cf. fire n. 14), spec. erysipelas or (in early use also) gangrene; (also) designating a case or individual lesion of such disease. Now historical.Now often identified as epidemic gangrenous ergotism, which is believed to have occurred in France and other parts of continental Europe at irregular intervals until the 19th cent., but there is little convincing contemporary evidence for use of the English name for this disease.For the semantic motivation of this sense see note in etymology at Anthony n., and cf. sense 2 at that entry. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [noun] > other diseases or conditions impetigo1398 deadingc1400 St Anthonyc1405 foulness1559 acrochordon1565 foulness1583 heat1597 bleach1601 Anthony's fire1609 desquamation1726 sivvens1762 erythema1778 rupia1813 morula1817 dermalgia1842 mycosis1846 cheloid1854 keloid1854 morule1857 kelis1864 dermatosis1866 epithelioma1872 vagabond's disease1876 vagabond's skin1876 dermatitis1877 erysipeloid1888 Ritter's disease1888 acanthosis nigricans1890 angiokeratoma1891 sunburn1891 porokeratosis1893 acrodermatitis1894 epidermolysis1894 keratolysis1895 dermographism1896 neurodermatitis1896 peau d'orange1896 X-ray dermatitis1897 dermatomyositis1899 papulo-erythema1899 pyodermia1899 tar acne1899 dermographia1900 radiodermatitis1903 poikiloderma1907 neurodermatosis1909 leishmanoid1922 razor burn1924 pyoderma1930 photodermatosis1931 photodermatitis1933 necrobiosis lipoidica1934 pyoderma gangrenosum1936 fassy1943 acrodermatitis enteropathica1945 chicken skin1946 nylon stocking dermatitis1947 Sézary('s) syndrome1953 pigskin1966 washerwoman's skin1981 strimmer rash1984 c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) §353 Half the partie of hire pryuee membres ben corrupt by the fyr of Seint Antony or by cancre or othere swiche meschaunces. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 27^v (MED) Estiomene is ysayd comonly þe fire of Seynt Antony or of Seynt Martialis [L. ignis sancti Anthonii aut sancti Marcialis]. ?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Paris) (1971) 338 I haue seyne þerof many membres ben broght into Seynt Antonyes euel and broken oute. 1527 L. Andrewe tr. H. Brunschwig Vertuose Boke Distyllacyon sig. A ij Sorell water slaketh St. Anthonys fyre. 1546 T. Phaer Bk. Children sig. Bb.viii In Greke herisipelas, and of the Latines Sacer ignis, our Englysshe women call it the fyre of Saynt Anthonye, or chingles, it is an inflammation of membres with excedyng burnynge and rednesse. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball i. xii. 20 The greene leaues of Fole foote pounde with Hony, do cure and heale the hoate inflammation called Saint Anthonies fyre, and all other kindes of inflammation. 1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 311 The disease called Erysipelas,..commonly called S. Anthonies fyre. 1693 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) III. 115 Symptoms of St. Anthony's fire appearing, she was let blood. ?1748 P. Blair Case Mr. Baker 29 The Confluent kind of Small Pox is an obstruction of finer Vessels, than in the Distinct kind; or a St. Anthonys Fire, than a Common Boil: And thence arises the difference in danger. 1773 W. Rowley Treat. Princ. Dis. Eyes 108 Her whole body was covered with large serpigenious eruptions, which her apothecary had called the scurvy; and the swelling in the face, the St. Anthony's fire. 1794 J. P. Andrews Hist. Great Brit. connected with Chronol. of Europe I. 115 Lorrain loses many of its inhabitants [in 1090] by a disease called the ‘feu sacreè [sic]’ or consecrated fire... This appears to have been what is now called St Anthony's fire. 1834 Penny Cycl. II. 96/2 Among the miracles believed to have been wrought by his intercession, was the cure of the distemper called the sacred fire, since that time called St. Anthony's fire, and in modern days erysipelas. 1896 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 29 Aug. 520/2 In the present work [sc. L'ergotisme: ignis sacer, ignis Sancti Antonii] Dr. Ehlers endeavours to show that the ignis sacer of the Middle Ages was gangrene, and that when it occurred in an epidemic form it was known as ‘St. Anthony's fire’, which was always due to ergotism. 1908 Amer. Jrnl. Nursing 8 976 Erysipelas, otherwise known as rose, St. Anthony's fire, is recognized in two ways: traumatic,..or idiopathic. 1944 R. Winston & C. Winston tr. H. E. Jacob Six Thousand Years of Bread lxi. 151 There was St. Anthony's fire, the ergot poisoning which killed off hundreds of thousands in the rye lands of Europe. 2000 Clin. Infectious Dis. 31 735/2 Some names for infection refer directly to fire, such as ‘St. Anthony's fire’, which was a term for erysipelas. 2. attributive, in the genitive, and in constructions with of. Denoting a pig kept by a religious order associated with St Anthony the Great, or a pig dedicated to the saint, which is allowed to roam freely and is typically thought of as being small, fat, and domesticated. Frequently in similative and proverbial use.For similar uses, cf. Anthony n. 1, tantony n. c. ΚΠ c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 215 (MED) Þer come in-to þe howse vnto þaim a swyne of Saynt Antons. 1546 J. Bale Actes Eng. Votaryes: 1st Pt. f. 12 Saynt Antonyes pygge, Saynt Georges colte, and Saynte Dunstanes deuyll. 1576 T. Twyne Schoolemaster iv. xxxvi. sig. T.iii The Minours vnderstanding that the Antonians had there in the towne a S. Antonies pig,..they tooke him home to theyr house and killed him. 1634 S. Birckbek tr. Dante in Protestants Evid. xiv. 60 By this St. Anthony piggs grow fat, And such like Pardoners. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) London 197 He will follow him like a St. Anthonies Pig. St. Anthonie is notoriously know[n] for the Patron of Hogs, having a pig for his page in all pictures. 1709 Brit. Apollo 26–28 Oct. Whom all the Town follow, Like so many St. Anthony's Pigs. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. (at cited word) In several places, they [sc. Catholics] keep at common charges a hog denominated St. Anthony's hog. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. viii. 99 Our Signoria plays the host to all the Jewish and Christian scum that every other city shuts its gates against, and lets them fatten on us like Saint Anthony's swine. 1958 S. Beckett Unnamable 105 Worth ten of Saint Anthony's pig's arse. 1995 L. Manley Lit. & Culture in Early Mod. London vii. 414 He might know someone..as tenacious as a St. Anthony's pig. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1405
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