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单词 squadron
释义

squadronn.

/ˈskwɒdrən/
Forms: Also 1500s squadrone, squadronne, 1600s Scottish squadroun.
Etymology: < Italian squadrone ( < squadra square), whence also Spanish escuadron, Portuguese esquadrão, older French squadron (scadron) and esquadron (modern French escadron).
I. Senses relating to a military unit.
1. Military. A body of soldiers drawn up or arranged in square formation. Obsolete.
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society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > formation > [noun] > square
squadron1562
square1591
hollow square1702
square battle1710
square body1711
square battalion1770
solid square1802
1562 J. Shute in tr. A. Cambini in Two Comm. Turcks Ep. Ded. sig. *ivv There shalbe a squadrone ordered and in the myddest of the same shalbe a voyde space throughoute the squadrone.
1581 T. Styward Pathwaie to Martiall Discipline ii. 156 The poore Swizers,..not beeing able to furnishe themselues with horse, were the first deuisers of the pike and the Squadronnes.
1616 J. Bullokar Eng. Expositor Squadron, a square forme in a battell.
1656 T. Blount Glossographia Squadron,..a certain number of Soldiers ranged into a square Body or Battalion. This word is most commonly appropriated to Horsmen.
2. Military.
a. A relatively small body or detachment of men.
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society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > unit of army > [noun] > squad, platoon, section, etc.
glub1382
scalec1400
platoon?a1547
maniple1574
squadron1579
squader1590
squadrant1614
file1616
squada1657
peloton1702
section1913
1579 L. Digges & T. Digges Stratioticos 91 That euery Squadron or bodie of the watche haue theyr Armour..in readinesse.
1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin i. 35 His armie conteined litle lesse then a hundreth squadrons of men at armes, accompting xx. men to a squadron.
1590 J. Smythe Certain Disc. Weapons 3 b A squadron of armed men in the field being readie to encounter with another squadron.
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 66 Leaving his foot in two squadrons of 250 each, himselfe with the horse passed to Dundalke.
1672 Duke of Buckingham Rehearsal v. 47 To have a long relation of Squadrons here, and Squadrons there: what is that but a dull prolixity?
1720 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad V. xx. 414 Thro' yon wide Host this Arm shall scatter Fear, And thin the Squadrons with my single Spear.
1776 W. J. Mickle tr. L. de Camoens Lusiad iii. 111 The mountain ecchoes with the wild affright Of flying squadrons.
1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake i. 38 Trump nor pibroch summon here Mustering clans, or squadron tramping.
1878 B. Taylor Prince Deukalion ii. iii. 68 In one squadron set To fight the world's long battle.
figurative.1656 A. Cowley Pindarique Odes 58 in Poems All the full-charg'd clouds in ranged Squadrons move, And fill the spacious Plains above.
b. spec. A body of cavalry, usually composed of between one and two hundred men.
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society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > unit of army > [noun] > regiment > division of cavalry regiment
turm1483
gendarmerie1551
standard1571
cornet1583
troop1590
Light Dragoon1700
squadron1702
ressalah1758
sotnia1863
1702 Mil. Dict. (1704) Squadron, a Body of Horse, the number not fixt, but from an hundred to two hundred Men.
1766 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. i. 2 The enemy was broke through by the impetuous charge of our squadrons.
1832 Proposed Regulations Cavalry iii. 45 Two or more Squadrons compose a Regiment. Squadrons are called 1st, 2d, 3d, &c. counting from the right of the Regiment.
1832 Proposed Regulations Cavalry iii. 57 March past by Squadrons.
1893 Times 11 July 11/4 The march past followed, first in column of squadrons at a walk,..next at a canter by squadrons.
3.
a. A division of a fleet forming one body under the command of a flag-officer; a detachment of warships told off for some particular duty. flying squadron: see flying squadron at flying adj. 4d.
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society > armed hostility > hostilities at sea > navy > a naval force or fleet > [noun] > squadron
squadron1588
squader1590
squadrant1614
squad1673
1588 D. Archdeacon tr. True Disc. Armie King of Spaine 17 Squadron of the Galeons of Portugall.
1588 D. Archdeacon tr. True Disc. Armie King of Spaine 19 There is in this Squadron 12 Vesselles.
1607 T. Dekker Whore of Babylon sig. H4 In the first Squadron twelue great Galeons: Floate like twelue moouing Castles.
1670 S. Wilson Lassels's Voy. Italy (new ed.) ii. 271 [The kingdom of Naples'] ordinary squadron of gallyes are but 20.
1703 London Gaz. No. 3937/3 He ordered the Captain of the Nonsuch to stretch a-head of the Squadron.
1743 J. Bulkeley & J. Cummins Voy. to South-seas 6 We judged this to be Admiral Pizarro's Squadron, sent out in Pursuit of Commodore Anson.
1800 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1834) I. 135 The troops destined to sail with the squadron under Admiral Rainier.
1835 A. Alison Hist. Europe during French Revol. IV. xxxii. 467 A squadron of nine sail of the line, four bombs, and five frigates, was despatched to the Sound.
1865 H. Phillips Amer. Paper Currency II. 91 It was known that a French squadron was coming to America.
in extended use.1807 J. Barlow Columbiad iv. 139 From Tago's bank, from Albion's rocky round, Commercing squadrons o'er the billows bound.?1878 B. Harte Man on Beach 13 Low down the horizon still lingered a few white flecks—the flying squadrons of the storm.
b. Air Force. A small operational unit in an air force, consisting of aircraft and the personnel necessary to fly them.
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society > armed hostility > hostilities in the air > air force > [noun] > unit
air squadron1904
squadron1912
flight1914
sqn1914
squadrilla1914
subflight1939
1912 Times 9 May 14/5 A party of officers and non~commissioned officers..are to leave the Aviation School at Farnborough on May 15... These will form the nucleus of two flying squadrons of the new Royal Flying Corps.
1913 Captain Sept. 1070/1 The well-found motor workshops which accompany an aeroplane squadron into the field.
1915 H. Rosher In Royal Naval Air Service (1916) 63 No. 1 Naval Aeroplane Squadron, B.E.F.
1916 H. Barber Aeroplane Speaks 38 It's..a blank shame that I should have to..join X Reserve Squadron.
1919 Daily Mail Year Bk. 46/2 The range of such raiding squadrons..tends to grow constantly from day to day.
1939 War Illustr. 29 Dec. 538/2 A Squadron in the R.A.F...is the basic tactical unit, a number of Squadrons forming a Wing, so many Wings a Group, and so to the Command.
1942 T. Rattigan Flare Path i. 26 He was on a week's leave, and we were married before he went back to his Squadron.
1959 Chambers's Encycl. I. 189/1 The main formations of the R.A.F. are the flight, the squadron, the wing and the group. There are three flights to a squadron.
1978 R. V. Jones Most Secret War xliv. 420 The main point, though, was the esprit de corps, and this was what Hartley had meant with his ‘last squadron in the Air Force’.
4. A squad (of a ship's company). Obsolete.
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society > armed hostility > hostilities at sea > navy > a naval force or fleet > [noun] > squad or crew for special duty
squadron1626
crew1692
1626 J. Smith Accidence Young Sea-men 7 Then deuide them into squadrons according to your numbers and burthen of your ship.
1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. ix. 38 These are to..doe all duties each halfe, or each squadron for eight Glasses or foure houres which is a watch.
5.
a. A comparatively large group or number of people, etc.; an organized body of persons. Also const. of.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a company or body of persons > [noun]
ferec975
flockOE
gingc1175
rout?c1225
companyc1300
fellowshipc1300
covinc1330
eschelec1330
tripc1330
fellowred1340
choira1382
head1381
glub1382
partya1387
peoplec1390
conventc1426
an abominable of monksa1450
body1453
carol1483
band1490
compernagea1500
consorce1512
congregationa1530
corporationa1535
corpse1534
chore1572
society1572
crew1578
string1579
consort1584
troop1584
tribe1609
squadron1617
bunch1622
core1622
lag1624
studa1625
brigadea1649
platoon1711
cohort1719
lot1725
corps1754
loo1764
squad1786
brotherhood1820
companionhood1825
troupe1825
crowd1840
companionship1842
group1845
that ilk1845
set-out1854
layout1869
confraternity1872
show1901
crush1904
we1927
familia1933
shower1936
the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > group > specifically of people
eschelec1330
assortec1450
drift?c1450
flight1577
squader1590
squadron1617
group1711
platoon1711
squad1809
cuadrilla1838
clutch1908
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 116 They say that Christ with the squadrons of the Fathers, passed this way when hee ascended from Hell.
1640 W. Mure Counter-buff 96 That Esterne clyme..Where Squadrons of our Nation did abound.
a1677 J. Taylor Contempl. State Man (1684) ii. v. 222 Allelujahs, which..the Squadrons of those blessed Spirits sing.
1712 J. Warder True Amazons 26 They [sc. bees] send forth a Squadron to fetch in Honey.
1792 T. Jefferson Writings (1830) IV. 470 These measures had established corruption in the legislature, where there was a squadron devoted to the nod of the Treasury.
1824 R. Southey Sir Thomas More (1831) I. 384 To join one or other of the numerous squadrons of dissent.
1897 M. Kingsley Trav. W. Afr. 484 The whole district will come, not in a squadron, but just when it suits them.
b. transferred. A multitude of some thing or things.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > large or numerous
legiona1325
rout?c1335
multitudec1350
thrave1377
cloudc1384
schoola1450
meiniec1450
throng1538
ruckc1540
multitudine1547
swarm1548
regiment1575
armya1586
volley1595
pile1596
battalion1603
wood1608
host1613
armada1622
crowd1628
battalia1653
squadron1668
raffa1677
smytrie1786
raft1821
squash1884
1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) ii. vi. 99 Yet that is false which Fallopius tells us, that a great Squadron of Nerves is spread up and down the Basis of the heart.
1680 V. Alsop Mischief Impositions xii. 96 He has..First, a Squadron of Considerations, and secondly, a Pacquet of Advices.
1930 T. S. Eliot tr. ‘St.-J. Perse’ Anabasis 39 Squadrons of stars pass the edge of the world.
1978 J. A. Michener Chesapeake 759 What Steed did next, in the late 1950s, was to pension off his field hands and purchase a squadron of gigantic automatic corn harvesters.
6. U.S. A division or ward of a town, community, or district. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in U.S.A.
hundred1621
town1631
squadron1636
county1662
precinct1713
parish1772
back county1775
district1792
metropolitan district1817
1636 in Cent. Dict. (at cited word)
1671 Town Records, Groton, Mass. in Cent. Dict. Agreed upon by the selectmen for the..calling out of their men to work, that is within their several squadrons.
1749 Town Records, Marlborough, Mass. in Cent. Dict. A committee of seven men to apportion the school in six societies or squadrons,..taking the northwesterly corner for one squadron.
7. A body of cardinals hovering between the main factions in a conclave. (Cf. squadronist n.)
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society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > cardinal > [noun] > collective > met for election > interest group within
squadron1670
1670 G. Havers tr. G. Leti Il Cardinalismo di Santa Chiesa ii. ii. 161 He manag'd him~self so with his flying Squadron, that it gave no little disgust to the Crowns.
1906 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 346 Cardinal de Retz and Cardinal Azzolino were of the squadron.
II. Senses relating to a right-angled figure.
8. A right-angled area, figure, etc.; a side of a square. Obsolete. Cf. squadrant n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [noun] > element of > side or face
squarec1400
squadron1588
face1625
1588 T. Hickock tr. C. Federici Voy. & Trauaile f. 10v They sell the earth within the wall, for so much a Squadro.
1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke 153/2 About a quar. of a yarde in the squadrone therof.
9. A square parenthesis-mark. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > writing > written character > punctuation > [noun] > brackets
parenthesis1582
squadron1618
parathesis1633
brace1656
hooks1680
bracket1750
circumflex1801
round bracket1847
curve1851
angle bracket1890
square bracket1891
paren1905
angled bracket1954
semi-quadratures-
1618 Worthington's Anker Christian Doctr. Printer to Rdr. 18 Because the holie Scriptures are very much cited in this Booke, I haue thought it better..to include them within two squadrons.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
squadron ball n.
ΚΠ
1862 London Rev. & Weekly Jrnl. 16 Aug. 139 The squadron which is to go down Channel on the day after the squadron ball.
squadron company n. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. ii. 49 When they enter the gates, they must deliuer their weapons to the Corporall of the Squadron company.
squadron cruise n.
ΚΠ
1894 Outing Sept. 477/2 These three gentlemen thoroughly understand the handling of a regatta and a squadron cruise.
squadron form n.
ΚΠ
1592 T. Kyd Spanish Trag. i. sig. A3v Our battels both were pitcht in squadron forme.
C2.
squadron commander n.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > leader or commander > [noun] > leader or commander of specific unit
company commander1820
unit commander1890
squadron commander1907
patrol leader1908
society > armed hostility > hostilities in the air > airman > [noun] > officer in air force > squadron officer or commander
squadron commander1907
squadron officer1943
1907 R. Hermon-Hodge Let. 12 Jan. in R. S. Churchill Winston S. Churchill (1969) II. Compan. i. 640 In reporting on the Regiment in 1905 the GOC remarks ‘I thought the Squadron Commanders exceptionally well qualified for their positions’.
1915 C. G. Grey Tales Flying Services 67 Detachments under five Squadron-Commanders.
1916 A. Bennett in H. Rosher In Royal Naval Air Service Introd. 7 Major Charles E. Risk, Squadron Commander, R.N.
1976 Southern Evening Echo (Southampton) 15 Nov. 9/2 If the junior NCO's are not doing their job properly it does not matter how good the squadron commander is.
squadron leader n.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > hostilities in the air > airman > [noun] > officer in air force > squadron leader
squadron leader1832
1832 Proposed Regulations Cavalry ii. 20 The Squadron-Leader advances two horses' lengths.
1919 W. S. Churchill Let. 8 Feb. in M. Gilbert Winston S. Churchill (1977) IV. Compan. i. 517 The ranks in contemplation are as follows:—Air Marshal: Air Commodore: Wing Commander: Squadron Leader: Flight Leader: Flying Officer or Observer.
1923 Daily Mail 27 Aug. 4 Squadron-Leader M... W...and Flight-Lieut. W. H. L...will both pilot machines.
a1944 K. Douglas Alamein to Zem Zem (1946) ii. 13 He now found himself second in command of a squadron whose squadron leader had been a subaltern under him before.
1972 A. Price Col. Butler's Wolf i. 9 Squadron Leader Roskill is a colleague of mine at the Ministry of Defence.
squadron officer n.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > hostilities in the air > airman > [noun] > officer in air force > squadron officer or commander
squadron commander1907
squadron officer1943
society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > leader or commander > officer by rank > [noun] > specific rank of woman officer
squadron officer1943
1797 Instr. & Regulations Cavalry (rev. ed.) App. 244 Some of the squadron flank officers, who are otherwise disposed of.
1943 J. R. Williams Aircraftwoman Grey xiii. 146 I have asked Squadron Officer Hedley, the Group Officer, to call and see you.
1971 K. B. Beauman Partners in Blue iv. 72 The Squadron Officer was one of six of this rank appointed on September 27th... She had joined the Directorate in August.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

squadronv.

Etymology: < squadron n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈsquadron.
rare.
transitive. To form into, or as into, a squadron or squadrons.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (transitive)] > group > like spec.
faggot1605
squadron1862
platoon1875
1862 D. Gray Luggie, etc. 19 By a furious wind Squadron'd, the hurrying clouds range the roused sky.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online June 2019).
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n.1562v.1862
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