springwortn.

Brit.

/ˈsprɪŋwəːt/, U.S.

/ˈsprɪŋˌwərt/,

/ˈsprɪŋˌwɔrt/

Forms: Old English springcwyrt, Old English springwyrt, late Old English sprincwert, late Old English sprincwurt, early Middle English sprungwurt, early Middle English spryngwort, Middle English 1800s– springwort.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with Middle Low German sprincwurt , Old High German sprincwurz (Middle High German springwurz , German Springwurz ) < the Germanic base of spring v.¹ + the Germanic base of wort n.¹, apparently so called with reference to the way the seeds of the caper spurge are ejected from their pods. Compare also Middle Dutch sprincwortel (Dutch springwortel) and German Springwurzel (16th cent.), both denoting the same plant.With uses denoting a magical plant in folklore (see sense 2) compare German Springwurzel, denoting a magical plant which can unlock certain doors (18th cent. in this sense), perhaps with reference to doors springing open. This may also have been influenced by the use of the caper spurge in folk magic.

Now historical.

1. Any of several plants typically used medicinally, esp. caper spurge ( Euphorbia lathyris, family Euphorbiaceae) and burnet (genera Sanguisorba and Sarcopoterium, family Rosaceae).In quot. 1865 translating Old English.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > names applied to various plants > [noun]

heatha700

beeworteOE

leversc725

springworteOE

clotec1000

halswortc1000

sengreenc1000

bottle?a1200

bird's-tonguea1300

bloodworta1300

faverolea1300

vetchc1300

pimpernel1378

oniona1398

bird's nest?a1425

adder's grassc1450

cockheada1500

ambrosia1525

fleawort1548

son before the father1552

crow-toe1562

basil1578

bird's-foot1578

bloodroot1578

throatwort1578

phalangium1608

yew1653

chalcedon1664

dittany1676

bleeding heart1691

felon-wort1706

hedgehog1712

land caltrops1727

old man's beard1731

loosestrife1760

Solomon's seal1760

fireweed1764

desert rose1792

star of Bethlehem1793

hen and chickens1794

Aaron's beard1820

felon-grass1824

arrowroot1835

snake-root1856

firebush1858

tick-seed1860

bird's eye1863

burning bush1866

rat-tail1871

lamb's earsa1876

lamb's tongue plant1882

tar-weed1884

Tom Thumb1886

parrotbeak1890

stinkweed1932

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > names applied to various plants or parts

boneworteOE

springworteOE

atterlothec1000

halswortc1000

bruisewortOE

motherworta1200

panax?a1200

bloodworta1300

serpentinea1400

tutsana1400

wartworta1400

wormseeda1400

grace of God?c1400

nailworta1425

Gratia Dei?c1425

sanguinaryc1440

panacea1522

parthenium1548

woundwort1548

wart-weed1573

cardiaca1578

hermodactyl1578

panacea1590

holy seed1597

whitlow-grass1597

feverwort1611

fever and ague root1676

rattlesnake root1682

snake-root1712

cancer root1714

fever-root1739

strongback1739

rheumatism root1835

heal-all1853

wound-weed1857

eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) i. xlv. 110 Wið ælcum attre, bisceopwyrt niþeweard & elehtre & springwyrt nioþeweard.

eOE Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) lxxi. 358 Wiþ springe... Eft wyrc sealfe, nim handfulle springwyrte & handfulle wegbrædan.

OE Lacnunga (2001) I. xxxi. 18 Cwice, wudurofe & wrættes cið, springwyrt, sperewyrt.

a1300 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 557/42 Burneta, i. sprungwurt.

a1500 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 176 [Menta] (aquatica) horsmynt, spryngwort.

?a1500 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 87 [Consolida Maior] springwort, confery.

1865 in T. O. Cockayne Leechdoms, Wortcunning, & Starcraft II. 75 For a swelling, boil cunila, springwort, clote, in butter and in honey.

1898 V. K. Chesnut Thirty Poisonous Plants United States (U.S. Dept. Agric. Farmers' Bull. No. 86 17 Caper spurge. Euphorbia lathyris L. Other names.—Garden spurge;..wolf's milk; springwort.

1902 New Internat. Encycl. III. 638/1 Burnet..cf. Med. Lat. burneta, springwort.

1948 G. Storms Anglo-Saxon Magic iv. 58 The exact reasoning is not quite clear; springwort must not assist in something springing up but it must prevent the ulcer from springing up or coming out.

2013 G. E. Burrows & R. J. Tyrl Toxic Plants N. Amer. (ed. 2) xxxiv. 460/1 E. lathyris L. caper spurge, mole plant,..springwort, myrtle spurge.

2. A mysterious herb having various magic powers.Sometimes identified with a medicinal plant: cf. sense 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > unidentified or variously identified plants > biblical, mythical, or plants of antiquity > [noun]

honeysucklea1387

heath1535

bulbine1548

tragium1567

alimon1572

behen1578

ephemeron1578

spattania1583

cassia1594

anacampserote1601

springwort1862

the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > [noun] > white or natural magic > plant with magical virtue

moly1546

springwort1862

1862 Temple Bar Oct. 346 Commonly the entrance to the marvellous subterranean halls is found only by a herdsman, who is in possession of a ‘springwort’, or has picked up a flower of a kind never seen before.

1889 T. F. Thiselton-Dyer Folk-lore Plants 50 There is the magic springwort, around which have clustered so many curious lightning myths and talismanic properties.

1903 R. Northcote Bk. Herbs vii. 193 There is a very wide belief in a magic plant called Spring-wort or Spring-wurzel of which Folkard gives an interesting description.

1929 J. G. Frazer in tr. Ovid Fastorum Libri Sex III. 9 The woodpecker has flown away, but presently returns with the springwort in its bill and applies it to the wedge, which, as if struck with a hammer, leaps out with a bang.

1973 J. Camp Magic, Myth & Med. vi. 74 In medieval Europe,..a plant known as the springwort was said to have the power of discovering hidden treasure, to open locks and to make the possessor invisible!

2001 C. R. Dillon Superstitions & Folk Remedies vii. 215 Springwort is a magical plant associated with fire and lightning, but unfortunately we do not know exactly what plant it was.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	springwort
释义	springwortn. Brit. /ˈsprɪŋwəːt/, U.S. /ˈsprɪŋˌwərt/, /ˈsprɪŋˌwɔrt/ Forms: Old English springcwyrt, Old English springwyrt, late Old English sprincwert, late Old English sprincwurt, early Middle English sprungwurt, early Middle English spryngwort, Middle English 1800s– springwort. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Middle Low German sprincwurt , Old High German sprincwurz (Middle High German springwurz , German Springwurz ) < the Germanic base of spring v.¹ + the Germanic base of wort n.¹, apparently so called with reference to the way the seeds of the caper spurge are ejected from their pods. Compare also Middle Dutch sprincwortel (Dutch springwortel) and German Springwurzel (16th cent.), both denoting the same plant.With uses denoting a magical plant in folklore (see sense 2) compare German Springwurzel, denoting a magical plant which can unlock certain doors (18th cent. in this sense), perhaps with reference to doors springing open. This may also have been influenced by the use of the caper spurge in folk magic. Now historical. 1. Any of several plants typically used medicinally, esp. caper spurge ( Euphorbia lathyris, family Euphorbiaceae) and burnet (genera Sanguisorba and Sarcopoterium, family Rosaceae).In quot. 1865 translating Old English. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > names applied to various plants > [noun] heatha700 beeworteOE leversc725 springworteOE clotec1000 halswortc1000 sengreenc1000 bottle?a1200 bird's-tonguea1300 bloodworta1300 faverolea1300 vetchc1300 pimpernel1378 oniona1398 bird's nest?a1425 adder's grassc1450 cockheada1500 ambrosia1525 fleawort1548 son before the father1552 crow-toe1562 basil1578 bird's-foot1578 bloodroot1578 throatwort1578 phalangium1608 yew1653 chalcedon1664 dittany1676 bleeding heart1691 felon-wort1706 hedgehog1712 land caltrops1727 old man's beard1731 loosestrife1760 Solomon's seal1760 fireweed1764 desert rose1792 star of Bethlehem1793 hen and chickens1794 Aaron's beard1820 felon-grass1824 arrowroot1835 snake-root1856 firebush1858 tick-seed1860 bird's eye1863 burning bush1866 rat-tail1871 lamb's earsa1876 lamb's tongue plant1882 tar-weed1884 Tom Thumb1886 parrotbeak1890 stinkweed1932 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > names applied to various plants or parts boneworteOE springworteOE atterlothec1000 halswortc1000 bruisewortOE motherworta1200 panax?a1200 bloodworta1300 serpentinea1400 tutsana1400 wartworta1400 wormseeda1400 grace of God?c1400 nailworta1425 Gratia Dei?c1425 sanguinaryc1440 panacea1522 parthenium1548 woundwort1548 wart-weed1573 cardiaca1578 hermodactyl1578 panacea1590 holy seed1597 whitlow-grass1597 feverwort1611 fever and ague root1676 rattlesnake root1682 snake-root1712 cancer root1714 fever-root1739 strongback1739 rheumatism root1835 heal-all1853 wound-weed1857 eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) i. xlv. 110 Wið ælcum attre, bisceopwyrt niþeweard & elehtre & springwyrt nioþeweard. eOE Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) lxxi. 358 Wiþ springe... Eft wyrc sealfe, nim handfulle springwyrte & handfulle wegbrædan. OE Lacnunga (2001) I. xxxi. 18 Cwice, wudurofe & wrættes cið, springwyrt, sperewyrt. a1300 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 557/42 Burneta, i. sprungwurt. a1500 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 176 [Menta] (aquatica) horsmynt, spryngwort. ?a1500 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 87 [Consolida Maior] springwort, confery. 1865 in T. O. Cockayne Leechdoms, Wortcunning, & Starcraft II. 75 For a swelling, boil cunila, springwort, clote, in butter and in honey. 1898 V. K. Chesnut Thirty Poisonous Plants United States (U.S. Dept. Agric. Farmers' Bull. No. 86 17 Caper spurge. Euphorbia lathyris L. Other names.—Garden spurge;..wolf's milk; springwort. 1902 New Internat. Encycl. III. 638/1 Burnet..cf. Med. Lat. burneta, springwort. 1948 G. Storms Anglo-Saxon Magic iv. 58 The exact reasoning is not quite clear; springwort must not assist in something springing up but it must prevent the ulcer from springing up or coming out. 2013 G. E. Burrows & R. J. Tyrl Toxic Plants N. Amer. (ed. 2) xxxiv. 460/1 E. lathyris L. caper spurge, mole plant,..springwort, myrtle spurge. 2. A mysterious herb having various magic powers.Sometimes identified with a medicinal plant: cf. sense 1. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > unidentified or variously identified plants > biblical, mythical, or plants of antiquity > [noun] honeysucklea1387 heath1535 bulbine1548 tragium1567 alimon1572 behen1578 ephemeron1578 spattania1583 cassia1594 anacampserote1601 springwort1862 the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > [noun] > white or natural magic > plant with magical virtue moly1546 springwort1862 1862 Temple Bar Oct. 346 Commonly the entrance to the marvellous subterranean halls is found only by a herdsman, who is in possession of a ‘springwort’, or has picked up a flower of a kind never seen before. 1889 T. F. Thiselton-Dyer Folk-lore Plants 50 There is the magic springwort, around which have clustered so many curious lightning myths and talismanic properties. 1903 R. Northcote Bk. Herbs vii. 193 There is a very wide belief in a magic plant called Spring-wort or Spring-wurzel of which Folkard gives an interesting description. 1929 J. G. Frazer in tr. Ovid Fastorum Libri Sex III. 9 The woodpecker has flown away, but presently returns with the springwort in its bill and applies it to the wedge, which, as if struck with a hammer, leaps out with a bang. 1973 J. Camp Magic, Myth & Med. vi. 74 In medieval Europe,..a plant known as the springwort was said to have the power of discovering hidden treasure, to open locks and to make the possessor invisible! 2001 C. R. Dillon Superstitions & Folk Remedies vii. 215 Springwort is a magical plant associated with fire and lightning, but unfortunately we do not know exactly what plant it was. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.eOE
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