sprightn.

Brit.

/sprʌɪt/, U.S.

/spraɪt/

Forms: 1600s 1800s– spright, 1800s sprite.

Origin: Of unknown origin.

Etymology: Origin unknown. Perhaps a specific (metaphorical) use of sprite n., or perhaps compare sprit n.¹ 2.

historical.

A type of stout wooden arrow or bolt used in naval warfare, designed to pierce the timbers of a ship when fired from a musket.

ΚΠ

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §704 It is certaine, that we had in use at one time, for Sea-Fight, short Arrowes, which they called Sprights, without any other Heads, save Wood sharpened; which were discharged out of Muskets.

1677 E. Coles Eng. Dict. (new ed.) Sprights, short arrows with wooden heads (shot out of muskets) which would pierce a ships sides.

1801 F. Grose Mil. Antiquities I. 157 When hand guns first came into use, not only balls, but also steel quarrels, and wooden arrows, called sprites, were discharged from them.

1954 E. Tunis Weapons 81/1 For this job they frequently fired ‘sprights’ which were extremely short arrows with vanes and wooden heads, but which nevertheless could be driven through the timbered sides of a ship.

1997 Mariner's Mirror 83 95/1 One could assume that these spright-loaded muskets were the ancestors of the whaling harpoon-guns.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

sprightadj.

Brit.

/sprʌɪt/, U.S.

/spraɪt/

Origin: Formed within English, by back-formation. Etymon: sprightly adj.

Etymology: Back-formation < sprightly adj.Quot. 1658 may show shortening (clipping) rather than back-formation, or perhaps even derivation directly from sprite n.

Chiefly Australian and U.S. (rare before late 19th cent.)

Sprightly; lively, vigorous.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [adjective] > lively and energetic

doing1591

mettled1599

spiritful1599

spirited1601

mettle1606

free-spirited1613

high-mettleda1626

spright1658

racy1671

mettlesome1673

dashing1796

peppery1829

spunky1831

fizzy1855

zippy1903

1658 Earl of Monmouth tr. P. Paruta Hist. Venice ii. ii. 125 A spright youth [It. giovane di molto spirito], who..had carried himselfe gallantly in severall offices.

1884 Wood County (Grand Rapids, Wisconsin) Reporter 13 Nov. The..Kaiser, is 87 years old and spright and lively.

1891 Kapunda (S. Austral.) Herald 28 Apr. 170/1 The magpie so spright.

1916 Violet Town (Victoria, Austral.) Sentinel 11 July We're not so spright—That's Dad an' me—since our old eyes grew dim.

1974 Billboard 27 July 16/1 Al Perkins providing a spright banjo accompaniment.

2014 Afr. News (Nexis) 7 Nov. His spright and zingy mood at work, no matter the stress and difficulty, could inspire anyone.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† sprightv.

Forms: see sprite n.

Etymology: < sprite n. Compare sprighted adj.

Obsolete.

1. transitive. To fill or imbue with spirit; esp. to inspire with courage or resolve. Cf. spirit v. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > courage > encouragement > encourage or embolden [verb (transitive)]

hearteOE

bieldc897

hardenc1175

elnea1225

hardyc1225

boldc1275

hardishc1325

endurec1384

assurec1386

emboldc1400

recomfortc1405

enharda1450

support1479

enhardy1483

animatec1487

encourage1490

emboldishc1503

hearten1524

bolden1526

spright1531

raise1533

accourage1534

enheart1545

to hearten on1555

hearten?1556

alacriate1560

bespirit1574

bebrave1576

to put in heart1579

to hearten up1580

embolden1583

bravea1593

enhearten1610

inspiritc1610

rehearten1611

blood1622

mana1625

valiant1628

flush1633

firm1639

buoy1645

embrave1648

reinhearten1652

reanimate1655

reinspirit1660

to give mettle to1689

warm1697

to lift (up) a person's spirits1711

reman1715

to make a man of1722

respirit1725

elate1726

to cocker up1762

enharden1779

nerve1799

boost1815

brace1816

high-mettle1831

braven1865

brazen1884

the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > carry on vigorously [verb (transitive)] > make lively

alacriate1560

spright1611

to fig up1810

to funk up1972

raunch1976

to funk out1995

the mind > emotion > excitement > excitability of temperament > spiritedness or liveliness > make spirited or lively [verb (transitive)]

spright1611

unsober1856

1531 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Chron. Scotl. (1938) I. iv. 136 The Pichtis..spretit be the victorijs quhilkis þai had afoir on the..Romanis, send ambassiadouris to Corbreid.

c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. xiv. x. f. 212^v/2 This victorie wes sa plesand..yat euery man wes spretit with new curage.

1611 J. Davies in T. Coryate Crudities sig. i3 To make Eyes delighted With that which by no Art can be more sprighted.

2. transitive (in passive). To be haunted or plagued, as if by a sprite or supernatural being. Also (typically with a following adverb): to be carried off or transported as if by a sprite or some other mysterious power (cf. spirit v. 5).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > ghost or phantom > [verb (transitive)] > haunt

haunt1597

ghosta1616

sprighta1616

phantom1845

spook1883

a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) ii. iii. 136 I am sprighted with a Foole, Frighted, and angred worse.

1764 A. Smith Let. 20 Apr. in M. A. Hogan & C. J. Taylor My Dearest Friend (2007) 17 Where I shall be carried Next I know not, but I had rather have the small pox by inoculation half a dozen times, than be sprighted about as I am.

1795 S. J. Pratt Gleanings through Wales I. xviii. 263 If you should be sprighted by one of these Welch querists, or by a vexer of this description in any country, my plan may be worth adoption.

1843 J. Birch tr. J. W. von Goethe Faust: 2nd Pt. i. v. 74 Dost think that Helen, can be sprited here—As the transparent-ghosts of Dollars were?

1849 Boston Daily Atlas 19 Oct. 1/8 Harry was sprighted away.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019).

n.1626

adj.1658

v.1531

单词	spright
释义	sprightn. Brit. /sprʌɪt/, U.S. /spraɪt/ Forms: 1600s 1800s– spright, 1800s sprite. Origin: Of unknown origin. Etymology: Origin unknown. Perhaps a specific (metaphorical) use of sprite n., or perhaps compare sprit n.¹ 2. historical. A type of stout wooden arrow or bolt used in naval warfare, designed to pierce the timbers of a ship when fired from a musket. ΚΠ 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §704 It is certaine, that we had in use at one time, for Sea-Fight, short Arrowes, which they called Sprights, without any other Heads, save Wood sharpened; which were discharged out of Muskets. 1677 E. Coles Eng. Dict. (new ed.) Sprights, short arrows with wooden heads (shot out of muskets) which would pierce a ships sides. 1801 F. Grose Mil. Antiquities I. 157 When hand guns first came into use, not only balls, but also steel quarrels, and wooden arrows, called sprites, were discharged from them. 1954 E. Tunis Weapons 81/1 For this job they frequently fired ‘sprights’ which were extremely short arrows with vanes and wooden heads, but which nevertheless could be driven through the timbered sides of a ship. 1997 Mariner's Mirror 83 95/1 One could assume that these spright-loaded muskets were the ancestors of the whaling harpoon-guns. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). sprightadj. Brit. /sprʌɪt/, U.S. /spraɪt/ Origin: Formed within English, by back-formation. Etymon: sprightly adj. Etymology: Back-formation < sprightly adj.Quot. 1658 may show shortening (clipping) rather than back-formation, or perhaps even derivation directly from sprite n. Chiefly Australian and U.S. (rare before late 19th cent.) Sprightly; lively, vigorous. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [adjective] > lively and energetic doing1591 mettled1599 spiritful1599 spirited1601 mettle1606 free-spirited1613 high-mettleda1626 spright1658 racy1671 mettlesome1673 dashing1796 peppery1829 spunky1831 fizzy1855 zippy1903 1658 Earl of Monmouth tr. P. Paruta Hist. Venice ii. ii. 125 A spright youth [It. giovane di molto spirito], who..had carried himselfe gallantly in severall offices. 1884 Wood County (Grand Rapids, Wisconsin) Reporter 13 Nov. The..Kaiser, is 87 years old and spright and lively. 1891 Kapunda (S. Austral.) Herald 28 Apr. 170/1 The magpie so spright. 1916 Violet Town (Victoria, Austral.) Sentinel 11 July We're not so spright—That's Dad an' me—since our old eyes grew dim. 1974 Billboard 27 July 16/1 Al Perkins providing a spright banjo accompaniment. 2014 Afr. News (Nexis) 7 Nov. His spright and zingy mood at work, no matter the stress and difficulty, could inspire anyone. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † sprightv. Forms: see sprite n. Etymology: < sprite n. Compare sprighted adj. Obsolete. 1. transitive. To fill or imbue with spirit; esp. to inspire with courage or resolve. Cf. spirit v. 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > courage > encouragement > encourage or embolden [verb (transitive)] hearteOE bieldc897 hardenc1175 elnea1225 hardyc1225 boldc1275 hardishc1325 endurec1384 assurec1386 emboldc1400 recomfortc1405 enharda1450 support1479 enhardy1483 animatec1487 encourage1490 emboldishc1503 hearten1524 bolden1526 spright1531 raise1533 accourage1534 enheart1545 to hearten on1555 hearten?1556 alacriate1560 bespirit1574 bebrave1576 to put in heart1579 to hearten up1580 embolden1583 bravea1593 enhearten1610 inspiritc1610 rehearten1611 blood1622 mana1625 valiant1628 flush1633 firm1639 buoy1645 embrave1648 reinhearten1652 reanimate1655 reinspirit1660 to give mettle to1689 warm1697 to lift (up) a person's spirits1711 reman1715 to make a man of1722 respirit1725 elate1726 to cocker up1762 enharden1779 nerve1799 boost1815 brace1816 high-mettle1831 braven1865 brazen1884 the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > carry on vigorously [verb (transitive)] > make lively alacriate1560 spright1611 to fig up1810 to funk up1972 raunch1976 to funk out1995 the mind > emotion > excitement > excitability of temperament > spiritedness or liveliness > make spirited or lively [verb (transitive)] spright1611 unsober1856 1531 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Chron. Scotl. (1938) I. iv. 136 The Pichtis..spretit be the victorijs quhilkis þai had afoir on the..Romanis, send ambassiadouris to Corbreid. c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. xiv. x. f. 212^v/2 This victorie wes sa plesand..yat euery man wes spretit with new curage. 1611 J. Davies in T. Coryate Crudities sig. i3 To make Eyes delighted With that which by no Art can be more sprighted. 2. transitive (in passive). To be haunted or plagued, as if by a sprite or supernatural being. Also (typically with a following adverb): to be carried off or transported as if by a sprite or some other mysterious power (cf. spirit v. 5). ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > ghost or phantom > [verb (transitive)] > haunt haunt1597 ghosta1616 sprighta1616 phantom1845 spook1883 a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) ii. iii. 136 I am sprighted with a Foole, Frighted, and angred worse. View more context for this quotation 1764 A. Smith Let. 20 Apr. in M. A. Hogan & C. J. Taylor My Dearest Friend (2007) 17 Where I shall be carried Next I know not, but I had rather have the small pox by inoculation half a dozen times, than be sprighted about as I am. 1795 S. J. Pratt Gleanings through Wales I. xviii. 263 If you should be sprighted by one of these Welch querists, or by a vexer of this description in any country, my plan may be worth adoption. 1843 J. Birch tr. J. W. von Goethe Faust: 2nd Pt. i. v. 74 Dost think that Helen, can be sprited here—As the transparent-ghosts of Dollars were? 1849 Boston Daily Atlas 19 Oct. 1/8 Harry was sprighted away. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019). < n.1626adj.1658v.1531
随便看	impoke impolarily impolarizable impolder impoldered impoldering impolders impolicies impolicy impolished impolite impolited impolitely impoliteness impolitenesses impoliter impolitest impolitic impolitical impolitically impoliticalness impoliticly impoliticness impoliticnesses impollute