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单词 spiny
释义

spinyadj.

Brit. /ˈspʌɪni/, U.S. /ˈspaɪni/
Forms: Also 1500s spyny, 1500s–1600s spinie, 1600s spynie, 1600s–1800s spiney.
Etymology: < spine n.1 + -y suffix1.
1.
a. Having the characteristics of a thorn or thorns; resembling a thorn in form or qualities.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > severity > [adjective]
heavyc825
grimc900
strongeOE
hardeOE
drearyOE
eileOE
sweerOE
deara1000
bitterOE
tartc1000
smartOE
unridec1175
sharp?c1225
straitc1275
grievousc1290
fellc1330
shrewda1387
snella1400
unsterna1400
vilea1400
importunea1425
ungainc1425
thrallc1430
peisant1483
sore?a1513
weighty1540
heinous?1541
urgent?1542
asperous?1567
dure1567
spiny1586
searching1590
hoara1600
vengible1601
flinty1613
tugging1642
atrocious1733
uncannya1774
severe1774
stern1830
punishing1833
hefty1867
solid1916
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [adjective] > annoying or vexatious
angeeOE
swinkfuleOE
plightlyOE
teenfulOE
contrariousc1320
drefa1325
troublinga1325
despitousa1340
thornya1340
discomfortablec1350
troublablec1374
noyousa1382
noyfulc1384
diseasy1387
angrya1393
painful1395
hackinga1400
annoying?c1400
annoyousc1400
cumbrousc1400
teenc1400
annoyfulc1405
sputousc1420
diseasefula1425
molest?a1425
noying?a1425
noisomea1450
grievingc1450
tedious?1454
troublous1463
noisantc1475
displeasant1481
strouble1488
nuisant1494
noyanta1500
irksome1513
sturting1513
molestious1524
vexatious1534
cumbersome1535
uncommodious1541
spiteful1548
vexing?1548
incommodious1551
molestous1555
diseasing1558
grating1563
pestilent1565
sturtsome1570
molestuousa1572
troublesome1573
murrain1575
discommodable1579
galling1583
spiny1586
unsupportable1586
troubleful1588
plaguey1594
distressingc1595
molestful1596
molesting1598
vexful1598
fretful1603
briery1604
bemadding1608
mortifying1611
tiry1611
distressfula1616
irking1629
angersome1649
disobliging1652
discomforting1654
incomfortable1655
incommode1672
ruffling1680
unconvenient1683
pestifying1716
trying1718
offending1726
bothering1765
pesky1775
weary1785
sturty1788
unaccommodating1790
tiresome1798
werriting1808
bothersome1817
plaguesome1828
pestilential1833
fretsome1834
languorous1834
pesty1834
pestersome1843
nettlesome1845
miserable1850
niggling1854
distempering1855
be-maddeninga1861
nattery1873
nagging1883
pestiferous1890
trouble-giving1893
maddening1896
molestive1905
nuisancy1906
balls-aching?1912
nuisance1922
nattering1949
noodgy1969
dickheaded1991
dickish1991
cockish1996
1586 Verses Prayse & Ioy sig. Aii Mongst spyny cares sprong vp now at the last.
1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 223 Psiloriti: from whose lofty and spiny top both seas may be discerned.
1663 A. Cowley Cutter of Coleman-St. Pref. sig. A3v And so much for this little spiny objection which a man cannot see without a Magnifying Glass.
b. Thin and hard or dry; spare, lean.Common in the first half of the 17th cent.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > slim shape or physique > [adjective] > thin
leanc1000
thinc1000
swonga1300
meagrea1398
empty?c1400
(as) thin (also lean, rank) as a rakec1405
macilent?a1425
rawc1425
gauntc1440
to be skin and bone (also bones)c1450
leany?a1475
swampc1480
scarrya1500
pinched1514
extenuate1528
lean-fleshed1535
carrion-lean1542
spare1548
lank1553
carrion1565
brawn-fallen1578
raw-bone1590
scraggeda1591
thin-bellied1591
rake-lean1593
bare-boned1594
forlorn1594
Lented1594
lean-looked1597
shotten herring1598
spiny1598
starved1598
thin-belly1598
raw-boned1600
larbar1603
meagry?1603
fleshless1605
scraggy1611
ballow1612
lank-leana1616
skinnya1616
hagged1616
scraggling1616
carrion-like1620
extenuated1620
thin-gutted1620
haggard1630
scrannel1638
leanisha1645
skeletontal1651
overlean1657
emaciated1665
slank1668
lathy1672
emaciate1676
nithered1691
emacerated1704
lean-looking1713
scranky1735
squinny-gut(s)1742
mauger1756
squinny1784
angular1789
etiolated1791
as thin (also lean) as a rail1795
wiry1808
slink1817
scranny1820
famine-hollowed1822
sharp featured1824
reedy1830
scrawny1833
stringy1833
lean-ribbeda1845
skeletony1852
famine-pinched1856
shelly1866
flesh-fallen1876
thinnish1884
all horn and hide1890
unfurnished1893
bone-thin1899
underweight1899
asthenic1925
skin-and-bony1935
skinny-malinky1940
skeletal1952
pencil-neck1960
1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Smilzo, bare, spinie, gant, leane, lanke.
1608 T. Middleton Mad World, my Masters iii. sig. D4 A little short-olde-spinye Gentleman.
1626 G. Sandys tr. Ovid Metamorphosis vi. 111 Her thighs and legs to spiny fingers grow.
1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 232 The French commonly have more spinie and slender Legs then the Italian Gentleman.
a1722 [see spiny-legged adj. at Compounds 2].
c. Of turf or grass. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > herb or herbaceous plant > [adjective] > full of or abounding in herbaceous plants > of or relating to grass > rough, tufty, thick, etc.
speary1577
three-piled1605
spiny1607
lanka1644
tussocky1805
1607 J. Carpenter Plaine Mans Spirituall Plough 139 That which was old must be renewed, and the spinie turfe changed into a gentle soyle.
1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 198 The valley..producing but a spiny grasse.
2. Abounding in, furnished or thickly set with, thorns. In early quots. figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > [adjective]
arvethc885
uneathOE
arvethlichc1000
evilc1175
hardc1175
deara1225
derfa1225
illc1330
wickeda1375
uneasy1398
difficul?a1450
difficile?1473
difficulta1527
unready1535
craggy1582
spiny1604
tough1619
uphill1622
shrewda1626
spinousa1638
scabrous1646
spinose1660
rugged1663
cranka1745
tight1764
thraward1818
nasty1828
upstream1847
awkward1860
pricklyc1862
bristling1871
sticky1871
rocky1873
dodgy1898
challengeful1927
solid1943
ball-busting1944
challenging1975
the world > plants > part of plant > thorn or prickle > [adjective]
thornenc897
thornyc1000
armeda1398
pikeda1398
thornish1426
pricky1548
prickly1577
prickled1578
spiky1578
sharp-set1601
spiny1604
senticous1657
aculeous1658
spinous1668
spineal1688
spinose1693
aculeate1753
spinescent1793
aculeolate1818
aciculated1819
spinulose1819
spinulescent1836
spinulous1846
thorned1895
1604 T. Wright Passions of Minde (new ed.) i. iii. 11 Wee..touched the roote from whence did spring those spinie braunches of briarie passions.
1644 K. Digby Two Treat. i. sig. ãivv So difficult and spiny an affaire, as the writing vpon such a nice and copious subiect.
?a1645 A. Stafford Just Apol. in Life Blessed Virgin (1860) p. xliii Bee constant, most pious Lordes, in the vertuous, though rough and spiny course you are to runne.
1727 W. Warburton Crit. & Philos. Enq. Causes Prodigies & Miracles 61 The spiney Desarts of Scholastic Philosophy.
1798 C. Smith Young Philosopher II. 164 The holly, whose shining thorny and spiny head..shadowed the whole eminence.
1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 54 Shrubs, either unarmed or spiny.
1870 J. D. Hooker Student's Flora Brit. Islands 127 Shrubs or small trees, often spiny.
3. Furnished or set with spines; covered with slender sharp-pointed processes.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > projection or protuberance > [adjective] > pointed projection > spine
spiny1615
spiniferous1656
subspinous1800
aciculated1819
spinulose1819
spinulous1846
spinigerous1852
hexacanthous1854
hexacanth1870
1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 249 The body light, the taile spiny, and the colour dun.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Spine The hind Part thereof is Edg'd, or Spiny.
1778 Encycl. Brit. III. 1610/1 The strigosus, or plated lobster, with a pyramidal spiny snout.
1804 C. Smith Conversations II. 153 What endless swarms of creatures..Of burnish'd scale and spiny fin!
1843 Penny Cycl. XXVI. 444 Shell oval, spiny or tuberculous.
1883 Standard 3 Aug. 5/7 Two..lizards with remarkable spiney skins.
in combination.1857 T. Moore Handbk. Brit. Ferns (ed. 3) 39 Pinnæ spiny-serrate.
4. Having the form of a spine; stiff and sharp-pointed.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > shape > [adjective] > pointed, tapering, or elongated
ensiform?1541
acuminate1634
aculeated1657
lanceolated1752
sagittated1752
subacute1752
subulated1752
linear1753
subulate1757
spinous1758
lanceolate1760
sagittate1760
sublinear1761
obverse1776
lanced1787
long-acuminate1804
subuliform1804
lanceolar1810
acuminous1813
virgate1821
spiny1828
apiculate1830
ensate1830
aciculate1831
spiniform1833
fibriform1846
obcuneate1870
fusiform1887
1828 J. Stark Elements Nat. Hist. I. 121 Fur ash gray,..composed of rough spiny hairs.
1871 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Vertebrated Animals 318 The inner surface is often armed with spiny developments of the epidermis.

Compounds

C1. In specific names of animals or fishes.
a.
spiny ant-eater n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Implacenta > [noun] > echidna
anteater1792
porcupine anteater1799
porcupine1803
spiny ant-eater1827
Echidna1847
1827 E. Griffith et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom III. 263 The Echidnes,..other~wise Spiny Ant-eaters.
1894–5 R. Lydekker Royal Nat. Hist. III. 286 The echidnas, or spiny anteaters, of which there are two species.
spiny dog fish n.
ΚΠ
1896 R. Lydekker Royal Nat. Hist. V. 533 The spiny dog-fishes, rays, saw-fishes, and their kindred.
spiny eel n.
ΚΠ
1882 D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert Synopsis Fishes N. Amer. 368 Mastacembelidæ. (The Spiny Eels.)
1896 R. Lydekker Royal Nat. Hist. V. 395 The so-called spiny eels of the Oriental region and West Africa.
spiny globe-fish n.
ΚΠ
1834 E. Griffith et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom X. 566 Diodon, (Vulg. Spiny globe-fish.)
spiny lobster n.
ΚΠ
1819 G. Samouelle Entomologist's Compend. 92 Palinurus vulgaris..is sometimes denominated Spiny-lobster, or sea Cray-fish.
1853 in E. E. Morris Austral Eng. (1898) 304/2 The Spiny Lizard (Moloch horridus) of Western Australia.
1862 D. T. Ansted & R. G. Latham Channel Islands ii. ix. 233 The spiny lobster, locally called cray-fish.., is also very common.
1884 R. Rathbun in G. B. Goode et al. Fisheries U.S.: Sect. I 780 The Spiny Lobster or Rock Lobster, Panulirus interruptus.
1898 E. E. Morris Austral Eng. 430 Spiny Lizard, i.q. Mountain Devil.
spiny loche n.
ΚΠ
1804 G. Shaw Gen. Zool. V. i. 4 Spiny Loche... This is distinguished by a double spine situated on each side the head.
spiny mouse n.
ΚΠ
1884 Encycl. Brit. XVII. 6 Acanthomys... Spiny-mice.
1894–5 R. Lydekker Royal Nat. Hist. III. 119 The pretty little murine known as the Malabar spiny-mouse.
spiny shark n.
ΚΠ
1804 G. Shaw Gen. Zool. V. ii. 342 Spiny Shark. Squalus Spinosus.
1896 R. Lydekker Royal Nat. Hist. V. 535 The spiny shark (Echinorhinus spinosus) of the Mediterranean and Atlantic.
spiny squirrel n.
ΚΠ
1894–5 R. Lydekker Royal Nat. Hist. III. 71 The Ethiopian spiny squirrels are characterized by their coarse and spiny hair.
spiny tanrec n.
ΚΠ
1879 E. P. Wright Animal Life 69 The Spiny Tanrec (Ericulus spinosus).
spiny trionyx n.
ΚΠ
c1880 Cassell's Nat. Hist. IV. 256 The Spiny Trionyx, or Gymnopus.
b.
spiny rat n. a rodent of the family Echimyidæ, found in tropical South and Central America and distinguished by bristly fur.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Rodentia or rodent > superfamily Hystricomorpha (porcupine or guinea-pig) > [noun] > member of family Bathyergidae > other types of
gundi1781
tucutucu1839
spiny rat1876
1876 A. R. Wallace Geogr. Distrib. Animals II. xvii. 238 The Echimyidæ, or spiny rats, are a family, chiefly South American.
1924 W. B. Scott Hist. Land Mammals W. Hemisphere v. 184 The spiny rats (Echimys and Loncheres) are so called from their appearance, not because they are related to the true rats.
1974 H. MacInnes Climb to Lost World ix. 147 A spiny rat, a rare creature: Mike Atherley and I both saw it more than once and thought that it had no tail.
C2. (Frequently in specific names.)
spiny-backed adj.
ΚΠ
1885 W. T. Hornaday Two Years in Jungle xxvi. 310 The fisher~men catch and eat a good many spiny-backed rays (Urogymnus asperrimus).
spiny-finned adj.
ΚΠ
1881 Cassell's Nat. Hist. V. 78 Acanthopterygii, or Spiny-finned fishes.
spiny-footed adj.
ΚΠ
1802 G. Shaw Gen. Zool. III. i. 112 Spiny-footed Frog. Rana Spinipes.
1829 E. Griffith et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom VI. 321 Spiny-footed Tyrant, Tyrannus Calcaratus.
spiny-haired adj.
ΚΠ
1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles II. xxviii. 98 The pollard willows..became spiny-haired monsters.
spiny-leaved adj.
ΚΠ
1859 W. Darlington & G. Thurber Amer. Weeds & Useful Plants 206 The Spiny-leaved Sow-thistle (Sonchus Asper).
spiny-legged adj.
ΚΠ
a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1757) 226 A spiny legged beast never pays the grazier so well.
spiny-pointed adj.
ΚΠ
1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 515/1 The leaves are pinnatifid with spiny-pointed segments.
spiny-rayed adj.
ΚΠ
1880 A. Günther Introd. Study of Fishes 41 The dorsal fin..is either spiny-rayed, or soft-rayed.
1882 D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert Synopsis Fishes N. Amer. 397 Acanthopteri. (The Spiny-rayed Fishes.)
spiny-tailed adj.
ΚΠ
1831 E. Griffith et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom IX. Syn. 38 Spiny Tailed Guana.
1877 Newton in Encycl. Brit. VII. 505 The Erismaturinæ or Spiny-tailed Ducks.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

> see also

also refers to : spineyspinyn.
<
adj.1586
see also
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