sprainn.

Brit.

/spreɪn/, U.S.

/spreɪn/

Forms: Also 1600s sprein.

Etymology: probably < sprain v.¹

1. A severe wrench or twist of the ligaments or muscles of a joint, causing pain and swelling of the part. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [noun] > sprain or strain

wrench1530

strain1558

sprain1601

wrest1616

wramp1669

spraining1673

rax1790

rick1813

wrick1831

twist1864

stave1900

pull1923

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 334 The ioints if they haue gotten a sprein by any rush, find remedy by the dung of bore or sow, if it be laid to hot in a linnen cloth.

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 124 Anger..resembleth not..the sinewes of the soule, but is like rather to their stretching spreines and..convulsions.

1680 W. Temple Ess. Cure of Gout in Miscellanea 202 I confest I was in pain, and thought it was with some sprain at Tennis.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Sprain, a violent contortion or wrestling of the Tendons of the Muscles.

1782 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting (ed. 3) V. 219 He contracted a great lameness from a sprain.

1829 W. Scott Anne of Geierstein I. viii. 219 He still feels the sprain which he received in his spring after yonder chamois.

1842 Penny Cycl. XXII. 383/1 The treatment to be adopted for sprains is the immediate application of leeches.

1882 ‘E. Lyall’ Donovan xx ‘Only a sprain, I think,’ he answered, faintly.

2. Without article: The condition of being sprained.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [noun] > sprain or strain > condition of

sprain1805

1805 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 14 459 Dr. Kinglake's last argument..remains to be examined, the analogy of common sprain to gout.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 174 It is not easily met when it is present as the vague condition called sprain of the back.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

sprainv.¹

Brit.

/spreɪn/, U.S.

/spreɪn/

Forms: Also 1600s sprein.

Etymology: Of doubtful origin. Connection with Old French espreign-, espreindre to squeeze out, is not clear.

1. transitive. To wrench or twist (a part of the body) so as to cause pain or difficulty in moving.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > affect with muscular disorder [verb (transitive)] > sprain or strain

wrench1530

wrestc1550

strain1612

sprain1622

wrincha1625

rick1638

subluxate1743

turn1758

throw1790

wramp1808

vert1883

stave1887

crink1888

wrick1904

pull1908

1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue ii. 101 I was loath to kicke and fling against it, lest..I might loosen my lading,..if not spraine, and hurt my selfe.

1667 S. Pepys Diary 14 July (1974) VIII. 338 I, by leaping down the little bank..did sprain my right foot, which brought me great present pain.

1673 E. Coles Pract. Disc. God's Sovereignty 24 By over-grasping we may sprain our Hands, and unfit 'em for Service otherwise within their compass.

1716 J. Gay Trivia i. 3 The sudden Turn may stretch the swelling Vein, The cracking Joint unhinge, or Ankle sprain.

1804 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 12 503 The Rev. Mr. Smith..sprained his ancle, and treated it as a sprain with cold applications.

1826 A. C. Hutchison Pract. Observ. Surg. (ed. 2) 174 In this very dock-yard..a man complained of having sprained his loins.

1861 C. Reade Cloister & Hearth III. 134 He would see my leg. It was sprained sore, and swelled at the ankle.

figurative.1641 J. Milton Of Reformation 65 These devout Prelates..for these many years have not ceas't in their Pulpits wrinching, and spraining the text.1642 T. Fuller Holy State iii. xix. 204 And would it not have wrench'd and sprain'd his soul with short turning..?

2. to sprain one's ankle: (of a woman) to be seduced (and become pregnant); to lose one's virginity. euphemistic. Obsolete exc. Historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > fall from chastity (of woman) [verb (intransitive)]

to tread (her) shoe awry (rarely amiss)c1422

to go wrong?1507

falla1616

to tread one's shoe awry (the shoe, one's foot, amiss, etc.)1642

to take a stone (up) in the ear1691

to sprain one's ankle1785

1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue at Ankle A girl who is got with child, is said to have sprained her ankle.

1940 M. Sadleir Fanny by Gaslight i. 286 ‘I suppose you are still—still a ——.’.. ‘I suppose you mean, have I sprained my ankle yet?’

Derivatives

sprained adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [adjective] > sprain or strain

wrenched1556

sprained1606

strained1611

raxed1824

ricked1839

paratonic1857

wrangled1876

sprung1912

pulled1913

1606 Bp. W. Barlow One of Foure Serm. Hampton Court B ij To heale the infected, to splint the spreined.

1849 R. T. Claridge Cold-water Cure 132 Sprained Shoulder.—A patient fell down an ice-berg and severely bruised his shoulder.

1875 W. S. Hayward Love against World 97 Who ever heard of any one going to bed for a sprained ankle.

ˈspraining n.¹

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [noun] > sprain or strain

wrench1530

strain1558

sprain1601

wrest1616

wramp1669

spraining1673

rax1790

rick1813

wrick1831

twist1864

stave1900

pull1923

1673 Gentlewomans Compan. 31 Fops..will venture the spraining of their tongues.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

sprainv.²

Forms: Also Middle English spreyne.

Etymology: apparently a back-formation < spreynd(e, spreynt(e, past tense and participle of sprenge v.

Now rare or Obsolete.

†1. transitive. To sprinkle.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being scattered or dispersed > scatter [verb (transitive)] > sprinkle

warpc1000

sprengeOE

strenkc1175

springa1387

bespring1387

sprinkc1390

sprinklea1400

strinklec1400

springle?a1425

sprinkle?a1425

sprainc1440

bespreng1496

oversprinkle?1548

overstrew1570

besprent1573

insperse1587

insperge1599

asperse1607

besprink1609

disparple?1615

spark1637

swiggle1683

twirl1763

sparkle1787

bespatter1813

spray1829

c1440 Pallad. on Husb. xi. 161 That spryngith soone yf aysel on hem reyne—I mene on hem al light yf hit me spreyne.

2. Agriculture. transitive. To sow (seeds, etc.) with the hand.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > sowing > sow seed [verb (transitive)]

sowc1000

besowc1175

inseminate1623

to put in1657

sprain1744

shed1770

to get in1771

seminate1796

broadcast1807

seed1814

1744 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman Jan. v. 51 The other had a Seed's-man to sprain his Pease in every Thorough or Furrow.

1763 Museum Rusticum (1764) 1 261 A seeds-man carries them in a box, and sprains them thinly out of his hand.

1799 A. Young Gen. View Agric. County Lincoln 130 On other lands he sprains in the seed by hand, in every third furrow.

Derivatives

ˈspraining n.²

ΚΠ

1847 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 8 i. 62 The seed is sown under the furrow in the ‘spraining’ method; one seedsman to two ploughs.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

n.1601

v.¹1606

v.²c1440

单词	sprain
释义	sprainn. Brit. /spreɪn/, U.S. /spreɪn/ Forms: Also 1600s sprein. Etymology: probably < sprain v.¹ 1. A severe wrench or twist of the ligaments or muscles of a joint, causing pain and swelling of the part. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [noun] > sprain or strain wrench1530 strain1558 sprain1601 wrest1616 wramp1669 spraining1673 rax1790 rick1813 wrick1831 twist1864 stave1900 pull1923 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 334 The ioints if they haue gotten a sprein by any rush, find remedy by the dung of bore or sow, if it be laid to hot in a linnen cloth. 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 124 Anger..resembleth not..the sinewes of the soule, but is like rather to their stretching spreines and..convulsions. 1680 W. Temple Ess. Cure of Gout in Miscellanea 202 I confest I was in pain, and thought it was with some sprain at Tennis. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Sprain, a violent contortion or wrestling of the Tendons of the Muscles. 1782 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting (ed. 3) V. 219 He contracted a great lameness from a sprain. 1829 W. Scott Anne of Geierstein I. viii. 219 He still feels the sprain which he received in his spring after yonder chamois. 1842 Penny Cycl. XXII. 383/1 The treatment to be adopted for sprains is the immediate application of leeches. 1882 ‘E. Lyall’ Donovan xx ‘Only a sprain, I think,’ he answered, faintly. 2. Without article: The condition of being sprained. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [noun] > sprain or strain > condition of sprain1805 1805 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 14 459 Dr. Kinglake's last argument..remains to be examined, the analogy of common sprain to gout. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 174 It is not easily met when it is present as the vague condition called sprain of the back. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022). sprainv.¹ Brit. /spreɪn/, U.S. /spreɪn/ Forms: Also 1600s sprein. Etymology: Of doubtful origin. Connection with Old French espreign-, espreindre to squeeze out, is not clear. 1. transitive. To wrench or twist (a part of the body) so as to cause pain or difficulty in moving. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > affect with muscular disorder [verb (transitive)] > sprain or strain wrench1530 wrestc1550 strain1612 sprain1622 wrincha1625 rick1638 subluxate1743 turn1758 throw1790 wramp1808 vert1883 stave1887 crink1888 wrick1904 pull1908 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue ii. 101 I was loath to kicke and fling against it, lest..I might loosen my lading,..if not spraine, and hurt my selfe. 1667 S. Pepys Diary 14 July (1974) VIII. 338 I, by leaping down the little bank..did sprain my right foot, which brought me great present pain. 1673 E. Coles Pract. Disc. God's Sovereignty 24 By over-grasping we may sprain our Hands, and unfit 'em for Service otherwise within their compass. 1716 J. Gay Trivia i. 3 The sudden Turn may stretch the swelling Vein, The cracking Joint unhinge, or Ankle sprain. 1804 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 12 503 The Rev. Mr. Smith..sprained his ancle, and treated it as a sprain with cold applications. 1826 A. C. Hutchison Pract. Observ. Surg. (ed. 2) 174 In this very dock-yard..a man complained of having sprained his loins. 1861 C. Reade Cloister & Hearth III. 134 He would see my leg. It was sprained sore, and swelled at the ankle. figurative.1641 J. Milton Of Reformation 65 These devout Prelates..for these many years have not ceas't in their Pulpits wrinching, and spraining the text.1642 T. Fuller Holy State iii. xix. 204 And would it not have wrench'd and sprain'd his soul with short turning..? 2. to sprain one's ankle: (of a woman) to be seduced (and become pregnant); to lose one's virginity. euphemistic. Obsolete exc. Historical. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > loss of chastity > fall from chastity (of woman) [verb (intransitive)] to tread (her) shoe awry (rarely amiss)c1422 to go wrong?1507 falla1616 to tread one's shoe awry (the shoe, one's foot, amiss, etc.)1642 to take a stone (up) in the ear1691 to sprain one's ankle1785 1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue at Ankle A girl who is got with child, is said to have sprained her ankle. 1940 M. Sadleir Fanny by Gaslight i. 286 ‘I suppose you are still—still a ——.’.. ‘I suppose you mean, have I sprained my ankle yet?’ Derivatives sprained adj. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [adjective] > sprain or strain wrenched1556 sprained1606 strained1611 raxed1824 ricked1839 paratonic1857 wrangled1876 sprung1912 pulled1913 1606 Bp. W. Barlow One of Foure Serm. Hampton Court B ij To heale the infected, to splint the spreined. 1849 R. T. Claridge Cold-water Cure 132 Sprained Shoulder.—A patient fell down an ice-berg and severely bruised his shoulder. 1875 W. S. Hayward Love against World 97 Who ever heard of any one going to bed for a sprained ankle. ˈspraining n.¹ ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [noun] > sprain or strain wrench1530 strain1558 sprain1601 wrest1616 wramp1669 spraining1673 rax1790 rick1813 wrick1831 twist1864 stave1900 pull1923 1673 Gentlewomans Compan. 31 Fops..will venture the spraining of their tongues. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022). sprainv.² Forms: Also Middle English spreyne. Etymology: apparently a back-formation < spreynd(e, spreynt(e, past tense and participle of sprenge v. Now rare or Obsolete. †1. transitive. To sprinkle. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being scattered or dispersed > scatter [verb (transitive)] > sprinkle warpc1000 sprengeOE strenkc1175 springa1387 bespring1387 sprinkc1390 sprinklea1400 strinklec1400 springle?a1425 sprinkle?a1425 sprainc1440 bespreng1496 oversprinkle?1548 overstrew1570 besprent1573 insperse1587 insperge1599 asperse1607 besprink1609 disparple?1615 spark1637 swiggle1683 twirl1763 sparkle1787 bespatter1813 spray1829 c1440 Pallad. on Husb. xi. 161 That spryngith soone yf aysel on hem reyne—I mene on hem al light yf hit me spreyne. 2. Agriculture. transitive. To sow (seeds, etc.) with the hand. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > sowing > sow seed [verb (transitive)] sowc1000 besowc1175 inseminate1623 to put in1657 sprain1744 shed1770 to get in1771 seminate1796 broadcast1807 seed1814 1744 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman Jan. v. 51 The other had a Seed's-man to sprain his Pease in every Thorough or Furrow. 1763 Museum Rusticum (1764) 1 261 A seeds-man carries them in a box, and sprains them thinly out of his hand. 1799 A. Young Gen. View Agric. County Lincoln 130 On other lands he sprains in the seed by hand, in every third furrow. Derivatives ˈspraining n.² ΚΠ 1847 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 8 i. 62 The seed is sown under the furrow in the ‘spraining’ method; one seedsman to two ploughs. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < n.1601v.¹1606v.²c1440
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sprainn.

sprainv.1

Derivatives

sprainv.2

Derivatives

sprainv.¹

sprainv.²