spokesmann.

Brit.

/ˈspəʊksmən/, U.S.

/ˈspoʊksmən/

Forms: Also 1500s spokisman, 1600s spoksman, spookesman, spoaksman, spoakesman.

Etymology: Irregularly < spoke, past participle of speak v., on analogy of craftsman, etc. Compare earlier speakman n.

†1. An interpreter. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > interpretation > [noun] > interpreter

latimerc1275

dragoman13..

meanera1387

interpretator?a1475

truchman1485

spokesman1519

interpreter1531

interpret1584

decipherer1587

trenchman1632

linguistera1649

terjiman1682

renderera1691

dubash1698

reader1763

exegesist1831

hermeneutist1836

exegetes1846

elicitor1848

beach-man1867

1519 W. Horman Vulgaria v. f. 43^v Mythrydate spake..to men of .XXII. rymes euery man in his owne langage without any spokisman.

1561 T. Hoby in tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer Ep. Translatour sig. A.iii Themistocles..entertayned moste honourablie with the king of Persia, willed vpon a time to tell his cause by a spokesman.

a. One who speaks for or on behalf of another or others; esp. in later use, one who is chosen or deputed to voice the opinions or represent the views of a body, party, etc.; a mouthpiece. Frequently from c1550 to c1650 and since the 19th cent.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > delegated authority > one having delegated or derived authority > [noun] > one who speaks for or on behalf of another > man

speakman1340

speechmanc1530

spokesmana1540

a1540 R. Barnes Wks. (1573) 354 Vnto God..wee neede no spokesman nor no mediatour but alonely a deuoute mynde.

c1592 Faire Em sig. C4^v He hath beene an earnest spokes-man in your cause.

1610 J. Dove Advt. Seminaries 22 He would be for him insteed of an interpreter, and a spokesman for him with God.

a1645 D. Featley in T. Fuller Abel Redevivus (1651) 540 This our Robert, whose zeale for the truth..preferred him without any other friend or spokesman.

1705 E. Hickeringill Priest-craft 22 People cannot join in publick Prayers, except they have a Spokesman, or Speaker.

1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. (1806) IV. lx. 521 The spokesman of the committee, one Duglass, began with a severe aspect [etc.].

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. ix. 462 The king gave an audience to all the bishops who were then in London... The primate was spokesman.

1869 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1875) III. 297 The Barons prayed him to be their spokesman with the Duke.

1976 Times 21 May 2/4 Mary Whitehouse, spokesman for the campaign.

1976 Daily Tel. 30 June 2/1 A spokesman for the British Medical Association.

b. transferred. The chief representative or exponent of a movement, period, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [noun] > one who is important > one who has leading position or is most important

firstc1275

coba1420

principalsa1425

cock1542

chief1569

colossus1605

primore1625

cape1650

sachem1684

leading light1707

high priest1737

king bee1792

gentleman, man of lead1793

queen bee1823

primo basso1826

spokesman1828

protagonist1837

kingpin1861

key man1895

headliner1896

big boy1921

numero uno1944

godfather1963

1828 T. Carlyle in Foreign Rev. 2 95 [Goethe] made himself the spokesman of his generation.

1841 T. Carlyle On Heroes iii. 159 Dante is the spokesman of the Middle Ages.

1867 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. ii. 9 The romantic narrative of which Geoffrey of Monmouth is the chief spokesman.

†a. The speaker or chairman of a legislative or administrative body. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > [noun] > president or chairperson of

presidenta1382

prolocutor1570

moderator1573

spokesman1607

committee chair1643

chairman1654

referendary1655

speaker1656

chair1659

convener1681

chairperson1971

1607 Statutes in M. H. Peacock Hist. Free Gram. School Wakefield (1892) 55 Of the Spokesman or President Governour:..the Governours beinge come together, the Spokesman..shall delyver up the keyes of his office.

b. A public speaker, esp. one who formally addresses a deliberative or legislative assembly.Not always clearly distinct from sense 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > speech-making > [noun] > one who makes a speech or speeches

ditera1387

fair speakera1398

speakerc1400

pronouncer?a1425

orator?a1439

oratrice1565

oratress1587

rhetor1588

oratrix?1592

tongue-man1594

tonguesman1596

public speaker1646

holder-forth1661

tub-minister1662

spokesman1663

addresser1665

tub-drubbera1704

speech-maker1710

speecher1762

orationer1765

speechifiera1777

mob-orator1814

perorator1827

elocutionist1847

tub-orator1849

spokester1850

patterer1851

platformer1851

oratist1860

stem-winder1875

addressor1897

pep talker1925

1663 R. Boyle Some Considerations Usefulnesse Exper. Nat. Philos. i. iii. 58 The Master, or that other person of the Society, who is most capable and the best spoakesman, is by a kind of natural right engag'd to the duty of returning praise.

1693 W. Freke Sel. Ess. Apol. sig. A5^v There is many an excellent Spokesman that makes a bad Writer.

a1704 T. Brown Dialogues of Dead in 4th Vol. Wks. (1720) 144 I was long of the Court of Aldermen, and one of the chief Spokes-Men of the Common-Council.

1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi I. i. x. 129 A rough table, from which they besought Pandulfo to address the people. The pale citizen, with some pain and shame, for he was no practised spokesman, was obliged to assent.

1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola II. ii. 15 Some were in close..discussion; others were listening with keen interest to a single spokesman.

in extended use.1885 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 323 Psittacus erithacus..is the most accomplished spokesman of the whole group [of parrots].

Derivatives

ˈspokesmanship n. (a) the office or position of spokesman; (b) [compare -manship suffix] skilful use of the position of spokesman.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > delegated authority > one having delegated or derived authority > [noun] > one who speaks for or on behalf of another > man > position of

spokesmanship1870

society > authority > delegated authority > one having delegated or derived authority > [noun] > one who speaks for or on behalf of another > man > position of > skilful use of

spokesmanship1870

1870 Athenæum 26 Nov. 686 Then had Guðmund Thorgeirsson the spokesmanship-at-law for twelve years.

1889 Daily News 25 Jan. 6/4 He felt there was some fitness in his spokesmanship that evening, for he was the representative of an institution [etc.].

1960 Encounter May 27 Such spokesmanship underplays the potential excitement of the work itself.

1963 Times 19 Apr. 8/5 Official explanations about why there is no such sign at the chief bookshop of all in Kingsway are simply an exercise in spokesmanship.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	spokesman
释义	spokesmann. Brit. /ˈspəʊksmən/, U.S. /ˈspoʊksmən/ Forms: Also 1500s spokisman, 1600s spoksman, spookesman, spoaksman, spoakesman. Etymology: Irregularly < spoke, past participle of speak v., on analogy of craftsman, etc. Compare earlier speakman n. †1. An interpreter. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > interpretation > [noun] > interpreter latimerc1275 dragoman13.. meanera1387 interpretator?a1475 truchman1485 spokesman1519 interpreter1531 interpret1584 decipherer1587 trenchman1632 linguistera1649 terjiman1682 renderera1691 dubash1698 reader1763 exegesist1831 hermeneutist1836 exegetes1846 elicitor1848 beach-man1867 1519 W. Horman Vulgaria v. f. 43^v Mythrydate spake..to men of .XXII. rymes euery man in his owne langage without any spokisman. 1561 T. Hoby in tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer Ep. Translatour sig. A.iii Themistocles..entertayned moste honourablie with the king of Persia, willed vpon a time to tell his cause by a spokesman. 2. a. One who speaks for or on behalf of another or others; esp. in later use, one who is chosen or deputed to voice the opinions or represent the views of a body, party, etc.; a mouthpiece. Frequently from c1550 to c1650 and since the 19th cent. ΘΚΠ society > authority > delegated authority > one having delegated or derived authority > [noun] > one who speaks for or on behalf of another > man speakman1340 speechmanc1530 spokesmana1540 a1540 R. Barnes Wks. (1573) 354 Vnto God..wee neede no spokesman nor no mediatour but alonely a deuoute mynde. c1592 Faire Em sig. C4^v He hath beene an earnest spokes-man in your cause. 1610 J. Dove Advt. Seminaries 22 He would be for him insteed of an interpreter, and a spokesman for him with God. a1645 D. Featley in T. Fuller Abel Redevivus (1651) 540 This our Robert, whose zeale for the truth..preferred him without any other friend or spokesman. 1705 E. Hickeringill Priest-craft 22 People cannot join in publick Prayers, except they have a Spokesman, or Speaker. 1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. (1806) IV. lx. 521 The spokesman of the committee, one Duglass, began with a severe aspect [etc.]. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. ix. 462 The king gave an audience to all the bishops who were then in London... The primate was spokesman. 1869 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1875) III. 297 The Barons prayed him to be their spokesman with the Duke. 1976 Times 21 May 2/4 Mary Whitehouse, spokesman for the campaign. 1976 Daily Tel. 30 June 2/1 A spokesman for the British Medical Association. b. transferred. The chief representative or exponent of a movement, period, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [noun] > one who is important > one who has leading position or is most important firstc1275 coba1420 principalsa1425 cock1542 chief1569 colossus1605 primore1625 cape1650 sachem1684 leading light1707 high priest1737 king bee1792 gentleman, man of lead1793 queen bee1823 primo basso1826 spokesman1828 protagonist1837 kingpin1861 key man1895 headliner1896 big boy1921 numero uno1944 godfather1963 1828 T. Carlyle in Foreign Rev. 2 95 [Goethe] made himself the spokesman of his generation. 1841 T. Carlyle On Heroes iii. 159 Dante is the spokesman of the Middle Ages. 1867 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. ii. 9 The romantic narrative of which Geoffrey of Monmouth is the chief spokesman. 3. †a. The speaker or chairman of a legislative or administrative body. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > [noun] > president or chairperson of presidenta1382 prolocutor1570 moderator1573 spokesman1607 committee chair1643 chairman1654 referendary1655 speaker1656 chair1659 convener1681 chairperson1971 1607 Statutes in M. H. Peacock Hist. Free Gram. School Wakefield (1892) 55 Of the Spokesman or President Governour:..the Governours beinge come together, the Spokesman..shall delyver up the keyes of his office. b. A public speaker, esp. one who formally addresses a deliberative or legislative assembly.Not always clearly distinct from sense 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > speech-making > [noun] > one who makes a speech or speeches ditera1387 fair speakera1398 speakerc1400 pronouncer?a1425 orator?a1439 oratrice1565 oratress1587 rhetor1588 oratrix?1592 tongue-man1594 tonguesman1596 public speaker1646 holder-forth1661 tub-minister1662 spokesman1663 addresser1665 tub-drubbera1704 speech-maker1710 speecher1762 orationer1765 speechifiera1777 mob-orator1814 perorator1827 elocutionist1847 tub-orator1849 spokester1850 patterer1851 platformer1851 oratist1860 stem-winder1875 addressor1897 pep talker1925 1663 R. Boyle Some Considerations Usefulnesse Exper. Nat. Philos. i. iii. 58 The Master, or that other person of the Society, who is most capable and the best spoakesman, is by a kind of natural right engag'd to the duty of returning praise. 1693 W. Freke Sel. Ess. Apol. sig. A5^v There is many an excellent Spokesman that makes a bad Writer. a1704 T. Brown Dialogues of Dead in 4th Vol. Wks. (1720) 144 I was long of the Court of Aldermen, and one of the chief Spokes-Men of the Common-Council. 1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi I. i. x. 129 A rough table, from which they besought Pandulfo to address the people. The pale citizen, with some pain and shame, for he was no practised spokesman, was obliged to assent. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola II. ii. 15 Some were in close..discussion; others were listening with keen interest to a single spokesman. in extended use.1885 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 323 Psittacus erithacus..is the most accomplished spokesman of the whole group [of parrots]. Derivatives ˈspokesmanship n. (a) the office or position of spokesman; (b) [compare -manship suffix] skilful use of the position of spokesman. ΘΚΠ society > authority > delegated authority > one having delegated or derived authority > [noun] > one who speaks for or on behalf of another > man > position of spokesmanship1870 society > authority > delegated authority > one having delegated or derived authority > [noun] > one who speaks for or on behalf of another > man > position of > skilful use of spokesmanship1870 1870 Athenæum 26 Nov. 686 Then had Guðmund Thorgeirsson the spokesmanship-at-law for twelve years. 1889 Daily News 25 Jan. 6/4 He felt there was some fitness in his spokesmanship that evening, for he was the representative of an institution [etc.]. 1960 Encounter May 27 Such spokesmanship underplays the potential excitement of the work itself. 1963 Times 19 Apr. 8/5 Official explanations about why there is no such sign at the chief bookshop of all in Kingsway are simply an exercise in spokesmanship. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1519
随便看	fill the time fill the void fill to overflowing fill to repletion fill up fill up the measure of fill-basket fill-belly fill-dike fill-ditch fill-horse fill-in fill-knag fill-out fill-paunch fill-pot fill-sack fill-space fill-square fill-up fillable fillady fillatrice fillatrice-stuff fillatricestuff