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单词 splitting
释义

splittingn.

/ˈsplɪtɪŋ/
Etymology: < split v. + -ing suffix1.
1. The action of the verb; cleaving or rending:
a. In intransitive uses. Also with asunder.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > cleaving or splitting > [noun] > becoming cleft or split
splittingc1595
cleaving1725
fissuring1830
c1595 Capt. Wyatt in G. F. Warner Voy. R. Dudley to W. Indies (1899) 54 When wee expected nothing less then splittinge of sailes, breakinge of shroudes [etc.].
1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 23/1 The cleavinge or splittinge in the lippes,..and in the nose.
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Debris,..a breaking, or splitting asunder, as of a ship against a rocke.
1699 A. Boyer Royal Dict. (at cited word) Eclat de rire, A splitting with Laughing.
1798 C. Hutton Course Math. II. 333 It is to be suspected that Mr. Robins's great penetration was owing to the splitting of his timber in some degree.
1838 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 1 330/1 The failure of the wall, by its separating into two thicknesses along the middle,..is called splitting.
1882 S. H. Vines tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 734 The splitting asunder of whole masses of tissue during freezing.
b. In transitive uses. Also with out.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > cleaving or splitting > [noun]
cleavingc1000
discission1628
hag1825
splitting1872
1872 J. G. Holland Marble Prophecy 102 When the chopping and splitting were done.
1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Colonial Reformer (1891) 131 A long spell of bush work—splitting, fencing,..what not.
1899 Westm. Gaz. 5 May 1/2 The Chief Constructor..will personally direct the splitting out of the only twelve blocks remaining under the vessel.
2.
a. The action of dividing, separating, or parting.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > [noun]
partinga1382
distinctiona1387
partition1517
quartering1555
distincting1570
distinguishing1587
dividedness1656
scission1676
dismembering1677
dismemberment1727
splitting1737
repulsion1771
dipartition1838
splitting1847
piecemealing1853
diaeresis1856
fission1865
split-up1878
1737 Gentleman's Mag. Jan. 34/1 Lest the Managers, by Splitting of Votes, should escape the Prosecution commenced against them.
1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 173 To prevent the splitting of freeholds.
1766 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. 215 The inconveniences that attended the splitting of estates.
1833 H. Martineau Loom & Lugger i. i. 3 Such a splitting into two parties.
1885 Athenæum 12 Sept. 333/1 It is equally difficult to escape the charge of tedious and needless splittings.
b. Similarly with up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > [noun]
partinga1382
distinctiona1387
partition1517
quartering1555
distincting1570
distinguishing1587
dividedness1656
scission1676
dismembering1677
dismemberment1727
splitting1737
repulsion1771
dipartition1838
splitting1847
piecemealing1853
diaeresis1856
fission1865
split-up1878
1847 tr. C. C. J. Bunsen Constit. Church of Future 10 Along with the splitting up of the divine idea in man, the human race also was split up out of unity into plurality.
1862 W. A. Miller Elements Chem. (ed. 2) III. 288 The formation and the splitting up of these saccharides.
1895 Knowledge July 149 The splitting up of the rays which occurs on the transmission of light through a prism.
c. spec. in Psychology. The process of division or dissociation affecting the mind or self. Also with off.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > personality disorders > dissociation
self-estrangement1841
disassociation1873
multiple personality1886
splitting1890
dissociation1897
depersonalization1904
dissociated personality1918
split personality1919
dissociative identity disorder1994
1890 W. James Princ. Psychol. I. ix. 227 According to M. Janet these secondary personalities are always abnormal, and result from the splitting of what ought to be a single complete self into two parts.
1910 tr. Freud's Orig. & Devel. Psycho-Anal. in Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. 21 191 We followed his [sc. Janet's] example when we made the mental splitting and the dissociation of personality the central points of our theory.
1910 tr. Freud's Orig. & Devel. Psycho-Anal. in Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. 21 191. I soon came to another view of the origin of hysterical dissociation (or splitting of consciousness).
1927 D. K. Henderson & R. D. Gillespie Text-bk. Psychiatry v. 101 The most extensive, and at the same time the most profound, of all personality changes is the ‘splitting of the personality’ that occurs in advanced schizophrenia.
1945 M. Klein Contrib. Psycho-anal. (1948) 346 The early splitting of the mother figure into a good and bad ‘breast mother’ as a way of dealing with ambivalence had been very marked.
1967 J. A. Hadfield Introd. Psychotherapy xviii. 134 A severe shock such as a car accident or even a severe illness can result in a splitting off of some part of consciousness.
3. plural. That which is split, cleft, or chopped.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > cleaving or splitting > [noun] > that which is split
splittings1867
1867 Morning Star 8 Oct. A Salisbury butcher announces..meat at the following prices:..Beef—brisket, 7d.; splittings, 7½d.; rumps, 8d.
1887 D. C. Murray & H. Herman One Traveller Returns vi. 78 Upon this small logs and splittings, dry and green alike, were thrown.
4. Mining. (See quot. 1883.)
ΚΠ
1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining 231 Splittings, two horizontal level headings driven through a pillar in pillar workings, in order to work away the coal.

Compounds

attributive, chiefly in the sense of ‘used or adapted for splitting’, as splitting-knife, splitting-machine, splitting-mill, splitting-tool; splitting-block n. (see quot. 1711). splitting-board n. (see quot. 18752). splitting field n. Mathematics the least field which includes all roots of a specified polynomial.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > numerical arrangement > [noun] > set > in abstract algebra > field
field1893
subfield1910
splitting field1942
1711 W. Sutherland Ship-builders Assistant 25 Blocks of hard knotty Stuff..upon which you lay other Blocks, called Splitting-blocks, of the freest Timber that can be got, for the Conveniency of cleaving out again, when you are ready to launch.
1802 A. Young Autobiogr. (1898) 383 I have fixed straw work here,..and my splitting machines are all distributed.
1841 H. Scrivenor Hist. Iron Trade vi. 120 All below that size were cut in the splitting-mill.
1846 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. II. 459 Paring or splitting tools, with thin edges.
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 2162/2 The blocks are fed to the splitting-knives by fluted rollers.
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 2281/2 Splitting-board (Mining),..a dividing board used in mine ventilation to divide the incoming air.
1886 A. Weir Hist. Basis Mod. Europe (1889) 377 The rollers..saved the smaller gauges from being consigned to the splitting mill.
1942 E. Artin Galois Theory ii. 22 A splitting field is of finite degree since it is constructed by a finite number of adjunctions of algebraic elements, each defining a field of finite degree.
1971 E. C. Dade in M. P. Powell & G. Higman Finite Simple Groups viii. 256 If F is algebraically closed, then it is a splitting field for any simple F-algebra.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

splittingadj.

Etymology: < split v.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈsplitting.
1.
a. Causing to split or rend.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > tearing or tearing apart > [adjective]
rivinga1400
renting1561
ripping1576
splitting1609
divulsivea1626
rending1660
shredding1883
1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida i. iii. 48 When the splitting winde, Makes flexible the knees of knotted Okes. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) iii. ii. 97 The splitting Rockes cowr'd in the sinking sands. View more context for this quotation
1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia iii. 64 The flashes of fire from heaven, by which light onely we kept from the splitting shore.
b. Ear-splitting; deafening.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > [adjective] > deafening
deafeninga1616
deafinga1625
obtunding1645
stunning1667
ear-splitting1761
splitting1821
head-splitting1824
shattering1842
ear-sore1859
1821 Ld. Byron Sardanapalus i. ii. 12 Worse than the rabble's shout, or splitting trumpet.
1891 F. W. Farrar Darkness & Dawn II. lv. 223 Splitting outbursts settled into a long continued roar.
c. Croquet. Of a stroke: Causing the balls to go in divergent directions.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > croquet > [adjective] > type of stroke
splitting1874
1874 J. D. Heath Compl. Croquet-player 37 The Splitting Stroke. In this stroke, the two balls..fly off from each other at an angle. It is the most important of the croquet-strokes.
2. Parting asunder; separating by cleavage.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > cleaving or splitting > [adjective]
cleaving1626
splitting1725
fissuring1830
1725 A. Pope tr. Homer Odyssey II. vii. 358 The splitting Raft the furious tempest tore.
1883 Good Words Nov. 732/1 Besides the very small disease germs, there are many ‘splitting-fungi’.
1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles I. viii. 100 The fore part of the straight road enlarged..the two banks dividing like a splitting stick.
3. Extremely fast; very rapid.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > [adjective] > very
seven-leagued1747
ripping1826
seven-league-booted1828
splitting1829
lightning1832
high-speed1844
double-quick1860
mile-a-minute1883
express1897
jet-propelled1947
supersonic1947
light speed1987
1829 in Standard 6 Apr. (1908) 8/2 On the pistol being fired, the boats went off at a splitting rate.
1865 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend II. iii. xv. 135 A weak-spirited, improvident idiot..racing off at a splitting pace for the workhouse.
1873 Routledge's Young Gentleman's Mag. 270/2 At a splitting gallop.
4. Of a headache: Violent, severe. Also figurative of the head.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > pain in specific parts > [adjective] > in head
sorec1550
splitting1828
1828 Oscotian I. 461 Felt a splitting head-ache under my night-cap.
1835 C. Dickens Let. 18 Dec. (1965) I. 109 The noise and confusion here..is so great that my head is actually splitting.
1847 C. G. F. Gore Castles in Air III. xxviii. 49 I woke next morning..with a splitting head-ache.
1857 G. A. Lawrence Guy Livingstone iii. 23 Pale men with splitting heads..after a heavy drink.
1884 Punch 15 Nov. 230/2 Head split open; splitting headache as result.
1893 Earl of Dunmore Pamirs II. 191 I had a splitting headache in consequence of my fall.
5. splitting image, an exact likeness. Also (dialect) splitten image. Cf. spitting image n. at spitting adj. Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [noun] > image of a person or thing
print1340
imagec1384
similitude?a1425
picturec1475
similitudeness1547
portrait1567
idol1590
model1594
self-imagea1672
duplicate1701
moral1751
ditto1776
fetch1787
double1798
fetch-like1841
splitting image1880
spitting image1901
spit1929
split-image1950
clone1977
1880 T. Clarke et al. Specimens Westmorland Dial. (new ed.) ii. 36 Soa t'kersmas up i't'fells Et just be t'splitten image Ov a kersmas 'mang yersells.
1939 D. Hartley Made in Eng. i. 3 Evenness and symmetry are got by pairing the two split halves of the same tree, or branch. (Hence the country saying: he's the ‘splitting image’—an exact likeness.)
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
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n.c1595adj.1609
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