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单词 spastic
释义

spasticadj.n.

Brit. /ˈspastɪk/, U.S. /ˈspæstɪk/
Etymology: < Latin spasticus (Pliny), < Greek σπαστικός , < σπᾶν to draw: compare spasm n. So French spastique.
A. adj.
1.
a. Pathology. Of the nature of a spasm or sudden contraction; characterized or affected by spasmodic symptoms or movements.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [adjective] > spasm or cramp
crampy1551
spasmous1563
spasmatic1603
spasmatical1647
spasmodic1681
spastic1753
spasmodical1766
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Gout The podagra in particular is thus defined to be a spastic and painful affection of the foot.
1756 Philos. Trans. 1755 (Royal Soc.) 49 243 To compose these spastic motions of the parts.
1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 272 The graft of a spastic disease upon a spastic temperament.
1878 A. M. Hamilton Nerv. Dis. 155 There are occasionally spastic contractions, which last for some little time.
1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 314 Amentia, in association with..spastic limbs.
b. spec. in names of special ailments. spastic paralysis, a condition in which some muscles undergo tonic spasm (sometimes resulting in abnormal posture) and resist passive displacement, so that voluntary movement of the part affected is difficult and poorly co-ordinated.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > convulsive or paralytic disorders > [noun] > palsy or paralysis > types of
mollification?a1425
hemiplexy1576
paraplegia1583
dead palsy?1594
hemiplegia1600
sideration1612
astrobolism1651
paresis1668
hemiplegy1755
general paralysis1820
refixation1825
Pott's disease1827
pamplegia1842
pamplegy1857
crossed palsy1858
transverse palsy1858
neuroparalysis1859
general paresis1862
athetosis1871
monoplegia1876
spastic paralysis1877
Landry's paralysis1882
Little's disease1884
cerebral palsy1889
paraparesis1890
hemiparesis1893
Pott's paraplegia1895
sleep-palsy1896
quadriplegia1897
pressure paralysis1899
Bell's palsy1904
taboparesis1910
tetraplegia1911
tick paralysis1914
quadriparesis1948
Landry–Guillain–Barré syndrome1957
1822 J. M. Good Study Med. III. 311 Spastic wry-neck. From excess of muscular action on the contracted side.
1876 J. Van Duyn & E. C. Seguin tr. E. L. Wagner Man. Gen. Pathol. 340 Spastic anæmia of the small and smallest arteries.
1877 tr. W. Erb in London Med. Rec. V. 435/1 (heading) On spastic spinal paralysis (tabes dorsal spasmodique, Charcot).
1879 Glasgow Med. Jrnl. 11 147 (heading) Paraplegia, with great muscular rigidity (Erb's spastic paralysis?).
1889 W. Osler Cerebral Palsies of Children i. 2 The cases are usually arranged under the generic terms cerebral palsies—the German Cerebrale Kinderlähmung—or spastic palsies, while the specific designation indicates the distribution of the paralysis, whether unilateral, bilateral, or paraplegic.
1891 Lancet 15 Aug. 354/1 Among the cases of apparent cure..were cases of spastic paralysis.
1903 A. H. Tubby & R. Jones Mod. Methods Surg. Paralyses ii. 203 Examples of Little's disease or spastic paralysis.
1937 E. Kenny Infantile Paralysis & Cerebral Diplegia viii. 92 In spastic paralysis, if the patient is asked to do something with the fingers, all the muscles controlling the fingers, as well as all the other muscles of the forearm and those of the arm and shoulder girdle, go into spastic contraction.
1938 Times Lit. Suppl. 22 Jan. 50/2 Recent researches would appear to have established that the trouble from which Byron suffered was not an ordinary club-foot: that he was the victim of some obscure nervous malady—Little's disease, otherwise spastic paraplegia, has been suggested.
1954 S. Duke-Elder Parsons' Dis. Eye (ed. 12) xxix. 586 Spastic entropion is due to spasm of the orbicularis.
1973 W. Barlow Alexander Princ. ix. 141 The diagnosis of ‘spastic colon’ is very often accompanied by such unnoticed abdominal misuse.
1977 Lancet 22 Oct. 844/2 He was hypertonic, with mild spastic diplegia.
2. Performing involuntary contractile movements.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > [adjective] > muscular movement
extensive1646
abducent1649
peristaltic1652
metaleptic1656
spastic1822
spasmodic1836
ideomotor1854
idiomuscular1860
fibrillary1875
motor1878
myotatic1881
antergic1890
isometric1891
isotonic1891
neurogenic1901
synkinetic1901
ballistic1905
motoric1926
1822 J. M. Good Study Med. III. 540 Such has been the force of the spastic muscles.
1834 S. Cooper Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) IV. 144 The contraction was here a spastic ring bordering immediately on the orifice of the uterus.
3.
a. Affected with spastic paralysis.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > convulsive or paralytic disorders > [adjective] > palsy or paralysis > types of
paraplectic1661
hemiplegiac1802
hemiplegic1822
paraplegic1822
hemiplegian1842
athetoid1875
apraxic1892
monoplegic1896
quadriplegic1897
athetotic1898
spastic1903
tetraplegic1911
quadriparetic1956
cerebral-palsied1961
Tasered1976
1903 A. H. Tubby & R. Jones Mod. Methods Surg. Paralyses ii. 228 Transformation of the pronator radii teres and transplantation of the carpal flexors were effected in spastic children.
1937 P. M. Girard Home Treatm. Spastic Paralysis i. 10 As a spastic child later learns to walk, a typical ‘scissors gait’ is frequently observed.
1977 Whitaker's Almanack 26 (advt.) Jonathan has been severely spastic since birth, and is unable to walk unsupported. He also has difficulty with speaking and writing.
b. In weakened use: uncoordinated, incompetent; foolish, stupid. slang (offensive).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > weakness of intellect > confusion, muddle-headedness > [adjective]
redelessOE
mopishc1300
tottedc1500
addle1534
muddy?1571
addle1576
foggya1591
foggy-brained1594
addled1599
addle-headed1600
bezzled1604
addle-pated1614
addle-brained1619
buzzle-headeda1644
puzzle-headed1729
puzzle-pated1736
muddle-headed1760
ramble-headeda1761
hulver-headed1785
ramfeezled1786
muddled1790
hoddy-doddya1798
muzzy-headed1798
bother-headed1820
muddle-pated1823
pixilated1848
woolly1864
bungle-headed1865
mixed1880
muddlesome1887
wifty1918
woozy1941
spastic1981
the world > action or operation > ability > inability > [adjective] > unable or incompetent > and stupid
prunish1942
spastic1981
1981 [see sense B. 2].
1982 A. Barr & P. York Official Sloane Ranger Handbk. 159/3 Spastic, temporarily unintelligent. Sloanes don't consider lack of intelligence should be insulted; one, they are basically kind; two, they are unintellectual themselves.
B. n.
1. A person with spastic paralysis.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [noun] > spasm or cramp > person
spastic1896
1896 Pediatrics II. 194 The staggering, uncertain gait of the spastic, often with knees striking or actually crossed, with knees flexed and heels raised, is well known.
1937 E. R. Carlson in P. M. Girard Home Treatment Spastic Paralysis p. xix Through repeated exercises..the spastic gradually acquires muscular coordination.
1953 M. McCarthy Groves of Academe ii. 22 The male part of the college included an unusual number of child prodigies,..as well as some spastics and paraplegics.
1976 National Observer (U.S.) 25 Sept. 21/1 Christy Brown, you will remember, is the Dubliner..and almost total spastic who, a few years ago, with his left foot tapped out a novel.
1978 R. B. Scott Price's Textbk. Pract. Med. (ed. 12) xvi. 1347/2 Even with the most skilled and sympathetic management, the emotional needs and problems of the ‘spastic’ and of the immediate family may present insoluble problems.
2. In weakened use, esp. contemptuously: one who is uncoordinated or incompetent; a fool. Cf. spaz n. slang (offensive). Although current for some fifteen years or more, it is generally condemned as a tasteless expression, and is not common in print.—R.W.B.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > person of weak intellect > confused, muddled person > [noun]
mafflardc1450
juffler15..
dromedary1567
madbrain1570
batie buma1586
addle-head1592
blunderkin1596
nit1598
addle-pate1601
hash1655
blunderbuss1692
blunderhead1692
shaffles1703
fog-pate1732
blunderer1741
puzzle-pate1761
slouch1767
étourdi1768
botch1769
puddle1782
bumble1789
scatter-brain1790
addle-brain1799
puzzle-head1815
shaffler1828
chowderhead1833
muddlehead1833
muddler1833
flounderer1836
duffer1842
muddle-pate1844
plug1848
incompetent1866
schlemiel1868
dinlo1873
drumble-dore1881
hodmandod1881
dub1887
prune1895
foozler1896
bollock1916
messer1926
Pilot Officer (also P.O.) Prune1942
spaz1965
spastic1981
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > condition of being held in contempt > [noun] > state or quality of being contemptible > contemptible person
wormc825
wretchOE
thingOE
hinderlingc1175
harlot?c1225
mixa1300
villain1303
whelpc1330
wonnera1340
bismera1400
vilec1400
beasta1425
creaturec1450
dog bolt1465
fouling?a1475
drivel1478
shit1508
marmoset1523
mammeta1529
pilgarlica1529
pode1528
slave1537
slim1548
skit-brains?1553
grasshopper1556
scavenger1563
old boss1566
rag1566
shrub1566
ketterela1572
shake-rag1571
skybala1572
mumpsimus1573
smatchetc1582
squib1586
scabship1589
vassal1589
baboon1592
Gibraltar1593
polecat1593
mushroom1594
nodc1595
cittern-head1598
nit1598
stockfish1598
cum-twang1599
dish-wash1599
pettitoe1599
mustard-token1600
viliaco1600
cargo1602
stump1602
snotty-nose1604
sprat1605
wormling1605
brock1607
dogfly?1611
shag-rag1611
shack-rag1612
thrum1612
rabbita1616
fitchock1616
unworthy1616
baseling1618
shag1620
glow-worm1624
snip1633
the son of a worm1633
grousea1637
shab1637
wormship1648
muckworm1649
whiffler1659
prig1679
rotten egg1686
prigster1688
begged fool1693
hang-dog1693
bugger1694
reptile1697
squinny1716
snool1718
ramscallion1734
footer1748
jackass1756
hallion1789
skite1790
rattlesnake1791
snot1809
mudworm1814
skunk1816
stirrah1816
spalpeen1817
nyaff1825
skin1825
weed1825
tiger1827
beggar1834
despicability1837
squirt1844
prawn1845
shake1846
white mouse1846
scurf1851
sweep1853
cockroach1856
bummer1857
medlar1859
cunt1860
shuck1862
missing link1863
schweinhund1871
creepa1876
bum1882
trashbag1886
tinhorn1887
snot-rag1888
rodent1889
whelpling1889
pie eatera1891
mess1891
schmuck1892
fucker1893
cheapskate1894
cocksucker1894
gutter-bird1896
perisher1896
skate1896
schmendrick1897
nyamps1900
ullage1901
fink1903
onion1904
punk1904
shitepoke1905
tinhorn sport1906
streeler1907
zob1911
stink1916
motherfucker1918
Oscar1918
shitass1918
shit-face1923
tripe-hound1923
gimp1924
garbage can1925
twerp1925
jughead1926
mong1926
fuck?1927
arsehole1928
dirty dog1928
gazook1928
muzzler1928
roach1929
shite1929
mook1930
lug1931
slug1931
woodchuck1931
crud1932
dip1932
bohunkus1933
lint-head1933
Nimrod1933
warb1933
fuck-piga1935
owl-hoot1934
pissant1935
poot1935
shmegegge1937
motheree1938
motorcycle1938
squiff1939
pendejo1940
snotnose1941
jerkface1942
slag1943
yuck1943
fuckface?1945
fuckhead?1945
shit-head1945
shite-hawk1948
schlub1950
asswipe1953
mother1955
weenie1956
hard-on1958
rass hole1959
schmucko1959
bitch ass1961
effer1961
lamer1961
arsewipe1962
asshole1962
butthole1962
cock1962
dipshit1963
motherfuck1964
dork1965
bumhole1967
mofo1967
tosspot1967
crudball1968
dipstick1968
douche1968
frickface1968
schlong1968
fuckwit1969
rassclaat1969
ass1970
wank1970
fecker1971
wanker1971
butt-fucker1972
slimeball1972
bloodclaat1973
fuckwad1974
mutha1974
suck1974
cocksuck1977
tosser1977
plank1981
sleazebag1981
spastic1981
dweeb1982
bumboclaat1983
dickwad1983
scuzzbag1983
sleazeball1983
butt-face1984
dickweed1984
saddie1985
butt plug1986
jerkweed1988
dick-sucker1989
microcephalic1989
wankstain1990
sadster1992
buttmunch1993
fanny1995
jackhole1996
fassyhole1997
fannybaws2000
fassy2002
1981 R. A. Spears Slang & Euphemism 369 Spastic, (1) a jerk; a giddy person..; (2) pertaining to a blunderer.

Derivatives

ˈspastically adv. in a spastic manner.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [adverb] > with spasms or cramps
spasmodically1710
spastically1862
1862 A. Meadows Man. Midwifery vi. ii. 217 The longer it [sc. the placenta] is allowed to remain the more spastically does the uterus contract upon it.
1978 R. Ludlum Holcroft Covenant iii. 39 He arched his back spastically, as if gasping for air.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1753
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