sowln.

Forms: α. Old English sufel, sufol, suful, Middle English suuel, Middle English sou(u)el, Middle English sowvel, sowuel, sowfful. β. Middle English suwel, sowel, Middle English -il, Middle English sowyl(le, Middle English–1500s sowell. γ. Middle English–1500s, 1800s dialect, soule, Middle English, 1500s, 1800s dialect, soul, Middle English sowlle, Middle English– sowle, sowl, 1500s sole, 1600s–1800s dialect sool(e, 1700s–1800s sawl, se(a)wl, etc.

Etymology: Old English sufel, sufol, = Middle Dutch suvel, zuvel (Dutch zuivel), Middle Low German suvel, Old High German sufil(i neuter, sufila (feminine), Old Norse sufl (Norwegian suvl, sovl, sul, etc.; Middle Swedish sufl, sofl, etc., Swedish sofvel, Danish sul), of uncertain origin.

Now dialect.

1. Any kind of food eaten with bread, as meat, cheese, etc.; relishing or tasty matter added to liquid or semi-liquid food, or the dish so composed. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > additive > relish > [noun] > relish taken with bread

sowlc960

companagea1350

kitchenc1485

kitchen meat1559

opsony1657

α.

c960 Rule St. Benet (Schröer) 63 We gelyfað þæt genoh sy to dæghwamlicum gereorde twa gesodene sufel for missenlicra manna untrumnesse.

c1000 West Saxon Gospels: John (Corpus Cambr.) xxi. 5 Cnapan, cweðe ge, hæbbe ge sufol?

a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 85 Ne þerf þet meiden sechen nouðer bread ne suuel fur þene et his halle.

a1300 Moral Ode 46 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 23 Þider we sended suuel [sic] & bred to litel & to selde.

a1380 St. Paula 38 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1878) 4 Oþur souuel vsede heo non But oyle wiþ hire bred alon.

c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. II. 137 ‘Children, han ȝe ony sowvel?’ þat is, mete to make potage, and to medle among potage.

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) 2 Sam. xiii. 5 That she ȝyue to me meet, and make sowil [v.r. sowfful].

β. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 1143 I ne haue neyþer bred ne sowel.1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. xxv. 34 So breed takun and the sowil of potage [Esau] ete and dronk and ȝede forth.14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 579 Edulia, sowell.?a1500 Nominale (Yale Beinecke 594) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 788 Hoc edulium, sowylle.1562 W. Turner Herball (1568) ii. 169 The fyrste grene leaves are sodden for kichin or sowell as other eatable herbes be.γ. 14.. W. Langland Piers Plowman B. [xv.] xvi. 11 (MS. Rawl. Poet. 38) To haue my fille of þat fruit [I would] forsake alle other soule.c1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 661 Hoc edulium, sowle.c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 201 He had no mor money lefte to by hym with soule vnto his bread bod a peny.1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 64 They may be eaten with brede..for soul or kitchyn.1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 66 The most part vse Basil and eate it with oyl & gare sauce for a sowle or kitchen.1599 T. Moffett Silkewormes 54 Feede them therewith (no other soule they craue).1674 J. Ray N. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 44 Sool or Sowle, any thing eaten with bread.1684 G. Meriton York-shire Dial. (E.D.S.) 213 Here'st Dubler broken, and nowther sowl nor breau.1763 ‘T. Bobbin’ Toy-shop (new ed.) To Rdr. Whot wofo Times ar' theese! Pot-baws ar scant, an dear is Seawl and Cheese!

2. attributive in †sowl-pennies, sowl-silver, money given for the purchase of, or in place of, sowl.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > payment > contribution > [noun] > contributions for specific purposes

sowl-silver?1292

pageant-silvera1430

pageant money1525

pageant-pence1551

soul pencea1556

letter money1703

?1292 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 492 Item servientibus domus pro Soulepen'.

?13.. Cartular. S. Edmundi lf. 322 in W. Kennett Cowell's Interpreter (1701) sig. Fff2a Ad quemlibet metecorn datur singulis unus denarius ad Suwelsilver.

1310–11 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 509 Tribus servientibus ecclesie pro eorum souuelp[enys].

1355–6 in R. E. G. Kirk Acct. Abingdon Abbey (1892) 5 De redditu de wodeseluer x li. iij s...De soulseluer vj s. viij d.

1373–4 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1901) III. 579 In solucione facta Camerario pro soulesilver servientium suorum.

1460–1 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 90 Johanni Stele,..pro suo soulesilver.

1522–3 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 255 Pro le metcorn, sowlsilver, et aliis necessariis.

1536–7 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1901) III. 702 Viginti servientibus infra abbathiam in diebus piscium pro eorum soulsylver.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

† sowlv.¹

Forms: Also Middle English soul-.

Etymology: Of obscure origin. Compare West Flemish sowelen , suwelen (DeBo), and sole v.³, soll v., solwe v.

Obsolete. rare.

transitive. To make foul or dirty; to soil.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirty [verb (transitive)]

uncleanseOE

horyc1200

befoulc1320

behorewe1340

file1340

flobber1377

smatterc1386

foulc1400

slurryc1440

filtha1450

sowla1450

sollc1480

bawdy1495

squagea1500

arrayc1525

ray1526

bawdc1529

beray1530

filthify1545

belime1555

soss1557

embroyn1566

dirt1570

filthy1581

turpifya1586

dirty1591

muck1618

bedirt1622

bedirty1623

smooch1631

dight1632

fewma1637

snuddle1661

bepaw1684

puddle1698

nasty1707

muddify1739

scavenger1806

mucky1828

squalidize1837

mullock1861

muddy1893

a1450 Langland's P. Pl. B. xiv. 2 (Bodl. 814) Þouȝ hit [a suit] be soulid and foul y slepe þerynne on nyȝtis.

a1450 Langland's P. Pl. B. xiv. 13 Þat y ne soulid hit wiþ siȝtte or sum ydil speche.

Derivatives

† sowling n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > [noun] > soiling

soilure1297

sowlingc1440

smirching1495

soiling1580

soilth1581

slurrying1600

smutching1611

aspersion1614

sullya1616

sullying1629

dabbling1677

soilage1926

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 466/1 Sowlynge, or solwynge,..maculacio.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

† sowlv.²

Forms: In 1500s soul.

Etymology: < sowl n.

Obsolete. rare.

intransitive. To form or serve as a relish.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > garnishing > garnish [verb (intransitive)] > form a relish

sowl1586

1586 W. Warner Albions Eng. iv. xx. 85 I haue..a peece of Cheese as good as tooth may chawe: And bread, and Wyldings, souling well.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

sowlv.³

Forms: 1600s, 1800s sole, 1700s sol(l, 1700s–1800s sowl(e, soul, 1800s soal, s'ool, sool(e, zowl, etc.

Etymology: Of obscure origin. It is doubtful how far various dialect uses of soal , soul , sowl , etc., represent the same word. Compare sool v.

Now dialect.

1. transitive. To pull, seize roughly, etc., by the ear or ears. In later use esp. of dogs: To seize (a pig) by the ears.In Ray, Bailey, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > animal keeping practices general > [verb (transitive)] > pull by ears

sowla1616

the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (transitive)] > pull > pull the ears or by the ears

to pull by the earc1400

sowla1616

sowl1654

the world > movement > absence of movement > hold or holding > hold [verb (transitive)] > lay hold of or grasp > roughly

sowla1616

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > dog > [verb (transitive)] > act in particular way

sowla1616

wave1677

sick1845

snoozle1847

heel1855

sool1890

a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) iv. v. 205 Hee'l go he sayes, and sole the Porter of Rome Gates by th'eares.

1636 T. Heywood Loves Maistresse iv. i Venus will sole mee by the eares for this.

1671 S. Skinner & T. Henshaw Etymologicon Linguæ Anglicanæ To Sowl one by the ears, vox agro Linc. usitatissima (i.e.) aures summâ vi vellere.

1787– in dial. glossaries and texts.

1892 M. C. F. Morris Yorks. Folk-talk 115–6 An irate father threatening to sowle his refractory son ‘like a dog sowlin' a pig’.

2. To pull or lug (the ears).

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (transitive)] > pull > pull the ears or by the ears

to pull by the earc1400

sowla1616

sowl1654

1654 R. Vilvain in tr. Enchiridium Epigr. Pref. sig. a5^v Cynthia bids stay, Lest she should sole my Ears away.

1886 R. E. G. Cole Gloss. Words S.-W. Lincs. (at cited word) I'll sowle your ears well for you.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

n.c960

v.¹c1440

v.²1586

v.³a1616

单词	sowl
释义	sowln. Forms: α. Old English sufel, sufol, suful, Middle English suuel, Middle English sou(u)el, Middle English sowvel, sowuel, sowfful. β. Middle English suwel, sowel, Middle English -il, Middle English sowyl(le, Middle English–1500s sowell. γ. Middle English–1500s, 1800s dialect, soule, Middle English, 1500s, 1800s dialect, soul, Middle English sowlle, Middle English– sowle, sowl, 1500s sole, 1600s–1800s dialect sool(e, 1700s–1800s sawl, se(a)wl, etc. Etymology: Old English sufel, sufol, = Middle Dutch suvel, zuvel (Dutch zuivel), Middle Low German suvel, Old High German sufil(i neuter, sufila (feminine), Old Norse sufl (Norwegian suvl, sovl, sul, etc.; Middle Swedish sufl, sofl, etc., Swedish sofvel, Danish sul), of uncertain origin. Now dialect. 1. Any kind of food eaten with bread, as meat, cheese, etc.; relishing or tasty matter added to liquid or semi-liquid food, or the dish so composed. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > additive > relish > [noun] > relish taken with bread sowlc960 companagea1350 kitchenc1485 kitchen meat1559 opsony1657 α. c960 Rule St. Benet (Schröer) 63 We gelyfað þæt genoh sy to dæghwamlicum gereorde twa gesodene sufel for missenlicra manna untrumnesse. c1000 West Saxon Gospels: John (Corpus Cambr.) xxi. 5 Cnapan, cweðe ge, hæbbe ge sufol? a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 85 Ne þerf þet meiden sechen nouðer bread ne suuel fur þene et his halle. a1300 Moral Ode 46 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 23 Þider we sended suuel [sic] & bred to litel & to selde. a1380 St. Paula 38 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1878) 4 Oþur souuel vsede heo non But oyle wiþ hire bred alon. c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. II. 137 ‘Children, han ȝe ony sowvel?’ þat is, mete to make potage, and to medle among potage. 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) 2 Sam. xiii. 5 That she ȝyue to me meet, and make sowil [v.r. sowfful]. β. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 1143 I ne haue neyþer bred ne sowel.1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. xxv. 34 So breed takun and the sowil of potage [Esau] ete and dronk and ȝede forth.14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 579 Edulia, sowell.?a1500 Nominale (Yale Beinecke 594) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 788 Hoc edulium, sowylle.1562 W. Turner Herball (1568) ii. 169 The fyrste grene leaves are sodden for kichin or sowell as other eatable herbes be.γ. 14.. W. Langland Piers Plowman B. [xv.] xvi. 11 (MS. Rawl. Poet. 38) To haue my fille of þat fruit [I would] forsake alle other soule.c1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 661 Hoc edulium, sowle.c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 201 He had no mor money lefte to by hym with soule vnto his bread bod a peny.1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 64 They may be eaten with brede..for soul or kitchyn.1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 66 The most part vse Basil and eate it with oyl & gare sauce for a sowle or kitchen.1599 T. Moffett Silkewormes 54 Feede them therewith (no other soule they craue).1674 J. Ray N. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 44 Sool or Sowle, any thing eaten with bread.1684 G. Meriton York-shire Dial. (E.D.S.) 213 Here'st Dubler broken, and nowther sowl nor breau.1763 ‘T. Bobbin’ Toy-shop (new ed.) To Rdr. Whot wofo Times ar' theese! Pot-baws ar scant, an dear is Seawl and Cheese! 2. attributive in †sowl-pennies, sowl-silver, money given for the purchase of, or in place of, sowl. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > payment > contribution > [noun] > contributions for specific purposes sowl-silver?1292 pageant-silvera1430 pageant money1525 pageant-pence1551 soul pencea1556 letter money1703 ?1292 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 492 Item servientibus domus pro Soulepen'. ?13.. Cartular. S. Edmundi lf. 322 in W. Kennett Cowell's Interpreter (1701) sig. Fff2a Ad quemlibet metecorn datur singulis unus denarius ad Suwelsilver. 1310–11 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 509 Tribus servientibus ecclesie pro eorum souuelp[enys]. 1355–6 in R. E. G. Kirk Acct. Abingdon Abbey (1892) 5 De redditu de wodeseluer x li. iij s...De soulseluer vj s. viij d. 1373–4 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1901) III. 579 In solucione facta Camerario pro soulesilver servientium suorum. 1460–1 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 90 Johanni Stele,..pro suo soulesilver. 1522–3 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 255 Pro le metcorn, sowlsilver, et aliis necessariis. 1536–7 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1901) III. 702 Viginti servientibus infra abbathiam in diebus piscium pro eorum soulsylver. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † sowlv.¹ Forms: Also Middle English soul-. Etymology: Of obscure origin. Compare West Flemish sowelen , suwelen (DeBo), and sole v.³, soll v., solwe v. Obsolete. rare. transitive. To make foul or dirty; to soil. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirty [verb (transitive)] uncleanseOE horyc1200 befoulc1320 behorewe1340 file1340 flobber1377 smatterc1386 foulc1400 slurryc1440 filtha1450 sowla1450 sollc1480 bawdy1495 squagea1500 arrayc1525 ray1526 bawdc1529 beray1530 filthify1545 belime1555 soss1557 embroyn1566 dirt1570 filthy1581 turpifya1586 dirty1591 muck1618 bedirt1622 bedirty1623 smooch1631 dight1632 fewma1637 snuddle1661 bepaw1684 puddle1698 nasty1707 muddify1739 scavenger1806 mucky1828 squalidize1837 mullock1861 muddy1893 a1450 Langland's P. Pl. B. xiv. 2 (Bodl. 814) Þouȝ hit [a suit] be soulid and foul y slepe þerynne on nyȝtis. a1450 Langland's P. Pl. B. xiv. 13 Þat y ne soulid hit wiþ siȝtte or sum ydil speche. Derivatives † sowling n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > [noun] > soiling soilure1297 sowlingc1440 smirching1495 soiling1580 soilth1581 slurrying1600 smutching1611 aspersion1614 sullya1616 sullying1629 dabbling1677 soilage1926 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 466/1 Sowlynge, or solwynge,..maculacio. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † sowlv.² Forms: In 1500s soul. Etymology: < sowl n. Obsolete. rare. intransitive. To form or serve as a relish. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > garnishing > garnish [verb (intransitive)] > form a relish sowl1586 1586 W. Warner Albions Eng. iv. xx. 85 I haue..a peece of Cheese as good as tooth may chawe: And bread, and Wyldings, souling well. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2021). sowlv.³ Forms: 1600s, 1800s sole, 1700s sol(l, 1700s–1800s sowl(e, soul, 1800s soal, s'ool, sool(e, zowl, etc. Etymology: Of obscure origin. It is doubtful how far various dialect uses of soal , soul , sowl , etc., represent the same word. Compare sool v. Now dialect. 1. transitive. To pull, seize roughly, etc., by the ear or ears. In later use esp. of dogs: To seize (a pig) by the ears.In Ray, Bailey, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > animal keeping practices general > [verb (transitive)] > pull by ears sowla1616 the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (transitive)] > pull > pull the ears or by the ears to pull by the earc1400 sowla1616 sowl1654 the world > movement > absence of movement > hold or holding > hold [verb (transitive)] > lay hold of or grasp > roughly sowla1616 the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > dog > [verb (transitive)] > act in particular way sowla1616 wave1677 sick1845 snoozle1847 heel1855 sool1890 a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) iv. v. 205 Hee'l go he sayes, and sole the Porter of Rome Gates by th'eares. View more context for this quotation 1636 T. Heywood Loves Maistresse iv. i Venus will sole mee by the eares for this. 1671 S. Skinner & T. Henshaw Etymologicon Linguæ Anglicanæ To Sowl one by the ears, vox agro Linc. usitatissima (i.e.) aures summâ vi vellere. 1787– in dial. glossaries and texts. 1892 M. C. F. Morris Yorks. Folk-talk 115–6 An irate father threatening to sowle his refractory son ‘like a dog sowlin' a pig’. 2. To pull or lug (the ears). ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (transitive)] > pull > pull the ears or by the ears to pull by the earc1400 sowla1616 sowl1654 1654 R. Vilvain in tr. Enchiridium Epigr. Pref. sig. a5^v Cynthia bids stay, Lest she should sole my Ears away. 1886 R. E. G. Cole Gloss. Words S.-W. Lincs. (at cited word) I'll sowle your ears well for you. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < n.c960v.¹c1440v.²1586v.³a1616
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sowln.

† sowlv.1

Derivatives

† sowlv.2

sowlv.3

† sowlv.¹

† sowlv.²

sowlv.³