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单词 southerly
释义

southerlyadj.n.

Brit. /ˈsʌðəli/, U.S. /ˈsəðərli/
Forms: 1500s sotherly, 1500s southerlye, 1500s– southerly; also Scottish pre-1700 sowtherllei, pre-1700 sutherlie, 1900s– sudderly (Shetland).
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: souther adj., -ly suffix1.
Etymology: < souther adj. + -ly suffix1. Compare easterly adj.2, northerly adj., westerly adj., and also southerly adv., southernly adj.
A. adj.
1. Of a wind: blowing from the south.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [adjective] > from specific point of compass
southeOE
northeOE
northerneOE
easternOE
southernOE
south-easternOE
north-easternOE
westernOE
south-westernOE
southena1325
north-east1379
east-north-easta1398
east-south-easta1398
north-north-easta1398
north-westa1398
south-southeasta1398
south-westc1400
south-easta1425
nor'-westa1500
south-southwesta1522
north-westera1525
northerlya1544
southerly1550
south-southeast?1560
south-easterly1577
north-north-west1601
subprincipal1601
southernly1610
north-westerly1611
easternly1614
northernly1632
westwardly1653
northwardly1654
north-easterly1686
southwardly1693
southwesterly1703
eastling1725
south-southeasterly1803
westland1818
south-southwesterly1822
north-western1829
north-north-easterly1831
southwesterly1883
nor-nor-east1891
1550 W. Lynne tr. J. Funke Actes & Hist. Worlde 1532–50 in tr. J. Carion Thre Bks. Cronicles f. ccviv In the begynnyng of the Winter arose manye horryble and tempestuous Westerly and also Southerly wyndes.
1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie lxi. 173 In winter they [sc. Hares] loue to sit neare the townes sides in some tuffte of brambles or thornes: especially when the winde is eyther Southerly or Northerly.
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet ii. ii. 381 When the wind is Southerly, I knowe a Hauke, from a hand saw.
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 141 They were enforced to stay by a contrary wind, being Southerly.
1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders 12 The Southerly windes raise much dust.
1721 London Gaz. No. 5966/1 The Southerly and Westerly Winds keep the Fleets still at Elsenab.
1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine at Wind Along the coast of Guinea..the southerly and south-west winds blow perpetually.
1811 P. B. Shelley On an Icicle in T. J. Hogg Life Shelley (1858) I. iv. 160 Where southerly [(1964) southernly] breezes, Waft repose to some bosom as faithful as fair.
1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 47 In the greater part of Europe the southerly and westerly winds bring rain.
1915 R. E. Priestley Antarctic Adventure x. 162 Our canvas would be strained almost to bursting-point by a southerly gust.
1995 Yorks. Evening Press 20 May 16/4 Cloudy later with a light southerly wind.
2. Situated in or towards the south; southern.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > direction > cardinal points > South > [adjective]
southernOE
southwardOE
meridionalc1386
austral1398
southly1440
meridian?a1475
meridialc1540
southerly1556
southernly1591
southwardlyc1612
austrian1634
austrine1635
south'ard1671
fore-south1686
southwards1838
1556 R. Record Castle of Knowl. 263 The one sorte are called Northerlye constellations, the other sorte Southerly constellations.
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 58v In hot and Southerly Countreys.
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 691 The Southerliest Nations of Africa.
1635 E. Pagitt Christianographie 35 In the more Southerly part of the great Promontory.
1722 D. Coxe Descr. Carolana i. 11 The Southerly of these two Rivers, is that of the Ousoutiwy upon which dwell..the Kansæ, Mintou, Erabacha and others.
1768 G. White Let. 22 Jan. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1789) 36 On account of my living in the most southerly county.
1814 W. Scott Diary 22 Aug. in J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott (1837) III. vii. 225 The southerly line of what is called the Long Island.
1865 W. G. Palgrave Narr. Journey through Arabia II. 79 We found the southerly plateau more..uneven than the northern.
1869 E. Dunkin Midnight Sky 32 Regulus is the most southerly.
1934 Times 22 May 11/3 The districts which these two investigators visited are situated in Parana, one of the more southerly states of Brazil.
1987 W. Hagelund Whalers no More ii. 23 A light fog that was partly natural production of the atmosphere on this extreme southerly end of the Charlottes.
2005 Sea Angler Mar. 140/2 Be on the lookout for the first peelers of spring at the end of the month in some southerly regions.
3.
a. Directed towards the south; tending or moving southwards.
ΚΠ
1572 T. Twyne tr. Dionysius Periegetes Surueye World sig. D.vj Ye southerly course into ye sea Aegæum.
1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia i. 2 Which vnneedfull Southerly course..occasioned them..much sicknesse.
1651 G. Gardyner Descr. New World xxv. 87 He was forced into a southerly course.
1729 B. Annely Theory of Winds 30 The Condensation thereof would draw the Air from England in a Southerly Direction.
1795 J. Tytler Hist. Origin & Antiq. Sc. Nation 27 They took a southerly route.
1826 W. A. Miles Descr. Deverel Barrow 17 When it takes a sufficient southerly course to admit of avoiding the mound.
1869 H. F. Tozer Res. Highlands of Turkey I. 243 We mounted on the other side of the valley in a southerly direction.
1908 A. C. Lawson Calif. Earthquake Apr. 18, 1906 (State Earthquake Investig. Comm.) I. i. 151 The southerly net movement on the west side of the south end of the fault is due to the predominance of an earlier southerly movement.
1957 F. H. Forrester 1001 Questions answered about Weather iii. 147 A Föhn-type wind which moves from a southerly direction over Schouten Island just northeast of New Guinea in the South Pacific.
2003 Economist 18 Jan. 46/2 Until the 1940s, water used to meander slowly through the Everglades in a great southerly swoosh.
b. Facing southwards.
ΚΠ
1764 Vindic. Mr. Holwell's Char. 92 The whole southerly face of the fort, which could not be flanked by a single gun from either bastion.
1825 Edinb. Jrnl. Sci. 2 281 Between the northerly and southerly face through the gorge of the pass.
1857 L. H. Grindon Life (ed. 2) iii. 31 No dwellings are so pleasant..as those which have a southerly aspect.
1922 W. Perry et al. Sheep Farming in N.Z. 88 The higher country, and that having a southerly aspect, which is likely to hold snow to some depth in the winter months, is termed ‘summer country’.
1983 P. J. Fowler Farming of Prehistoric Brit. ii. 129 An area of former cultivation..was recorded, extending down the southerly slope of the Ness of Gruting almost as far as Seli Voe.
2003 P. F. Smith Sustainability at Cutting Edge xiii. 130 It is claimed that a southerly facade using StoTherm Solar coud achieve an energy gain of 120 kW h/m2 per year.
4. Of distance: extending southwards.
ΚΠ
1583 G. Peckham True Rep. Newfound Landes vii. sig. G.iv They did afterwarde discouer people, and plant at Monzanbique,..and Melinde 2. degrees of sotherly latitude.
1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. iv. iii. 153 The Southerly Distance is 172..Leagues.
1721 Philos. Trans. Abridg'd 1700–20 (Royal Soc.) 4 i. iii. 236 The bright Shoulder of Orion has in Ptolomy almost a degree more Southerly Latitude than at present.
1891 J. C. Atkinson Forty Years Moorland Parish 374 You are looking over and beyond York and far into the more southerly distance.
2007 Tribune-Rev. (Greensburg, Pa.) (Nexis) 21 Jan. The winter solstice..is the moment when the sun is at its greatest southerly distance from the equatorial plane.
B. n.
1. at southerly: from the south. Cf. at north-easterly at north-easterly n. 1. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1664 T. Allin Jrnl. 1 Oct. (1939) (modernized text) I. 157 About 3 oclock came a small breathing at southerly.
1700 G. Rooke Jrnl. 23 Aug. (1897) (modernized text) 110 This forenoon, the wind being at southerly, the Swedes could not pass the Grounds.
1867 Trans. Rhode Island Soc. Encouragem. Domestic Industry 1866 144 (table) Air very raw at southerly.
2. A wind blowing from the south; (Australian and New Zealand) spec. = southerly buster n. at Compounds.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > wind with reference to direction > direction from which wind blows > specific
north-north-east1601
west1828
southerly1837
1837 Gentleman's Mag. Oct. 236 She staggered and trembled all over, but rose through the salt at last like one of those south southerlies out yonder.
a1896 H. B. Stowe in Writings (1896) II. 378 That 'are 's the pester o' these 'ere southerlies: they 's the biggest fog-breeders there is goin'.
1943 K. Tennant Ride on Stranger viii. 79 When the Southerly blew, the stiff leaves..twisted rim-on to the blast.
1964 R. Braddon Year Angry Rabbit xiv. 123 What use is it being able to guarantee fine weather, or rain, or a cool southerly only on the coast?
1973 P. White Eye of Storm i. 65 How exotic, how naked her body felt when the southerly began to blow at the end of a sticky summer's day, caressing her inside her dresses.
2007 Canad. Press Newswire (Nexis) 17 Feb. Over northern and central waters strong to gale force southerlies will veer to strong to gale force westerlies tonight as the low moves inland.

Compounds

southerly burster n. Australian and New Zealand (now rare) = southerly buster n.; cf. burster n. 2.
ΚΠ
1851 Austral. & N.Z. Gaz. 29 Nov. 483 The order of the day has been for some time past, rain, rainbows, and southerly bursters.
1883 West Coast Times (N.Z.) 13 Mar. 2 A heavy southerly burster set in again last night.
1922 W. G. Kendrew Climates of Continents xlvii. 364 On the east coast of the continent..cold winds from the south, known as Southerly Bursters.
southerly buster n. Australian and New Zealand a sudden, violent, and usually cold wind or storm coming in from the south; spec. one affecting the south-east coast of Australia; cf. buster n. 5.
ΚΠ
1850 B. C. Peck Recoll. Sydney viii. 132 It is almost a corollary, that the evening of a hot-wind day brings up a ‘southerly buster’, as we have heard the vulgar call it, very chill indeed..as this wind comes from the southerly region of the Australian Alps.
1882 J. Schleman Life in Melbourne 83 In the month of January I experienced in Melbourne a ‘southerly buster’, which increased to a perfect hurricane.
1883 Poverty Bay (N.Z.) Herald 26 July 2 A strong southerly buster accompanied by heavy rain, has set in, and the football match, Canterbury v. Wellington, was postponed until Saturday.
1917 Truth (Sydney) 30 Sept. 1/7 The southerly buster last week lifted the roof of a Marrickville washhouse.
1952 D. Rhodes Fly away Peter 4 Looks like a proper southerly buster... Won't let up for a couple of days anyhow.
2009 Manly (Austral.) Daily (Nexis) 10 Sept. 7 [The radar will] enhance tracking of the movement and strength of wind changes, including southerly busters, cold fronts and sea breezes.

Derivatives

ˈsoutherliness n. rare the fact or quality of being situated in or towards the south.
ΚΠ
1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Southerliness, the being on or toward the South.
1935 Jrnl. Ecol. 23 142 It is further remembered that southerliness and northerliness, not easterliness and westerliness, determine distribution.
1997 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 10 Mar. 26 Spain's Cap Finisterre and Portugal's Cap De Roca flaunt their westerliness to great effect; the Mull and its southerliness, though, is forgotten by almost everyone.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

southerlyadv.

Brit. /ˈsʌðəli/, U.S. /ˈsəðərli/
Forms: 1500s southerlie, 1500s–1600s southerlye, 1500s– southerly; also Scottish pre-1700 souhterle, pre-1700 southerlie, pre-1700 sowththerlie, pre-1700 sutherlie.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: souther adj., -ly suffix2.
Etymology: < souther adj. + -ly suffix2. Compare southerly adj., southernly adv., and also easterly adv., northerly adv., westerly adv.
1. In a southern direction; towards the south; (also) to the south of; on the south side.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > direction > cardinal points > South > [adverb]
southeOE
southrighteOE
southwardeOE
southwardseOE
southenOE
downwarda1387
south'ard1485
south side1489
southlya1552
downwards1577
southerly1577
southwardly1579
southernly1594
south-by1762
a-south1807
south-away1816
downbound1880
southbound1891
1577 R. Willes in R. Willes & R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Hist. Trauayle W. & E. Indies f. 233v The mouth of the northwesterne streict..openeth southerly more and more, vntyll it come vnder the tropike of Cancer.
1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. viii. 122 The Empyres haue alwaies extended their largenesse towards the North and the South, but yet more Northerly than Southerly.
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. ii. xcvii. 43 When she is Northerly, and retired higher and farther from the earth, the tides are more gentle, than when shee is gone Southerly.
1635 E. Pagitt Christianographie 32 Scattered farre and wide,..both Northerly in Cataya, and Southerly to India.
1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. iv. iii. 148 You have altered the Latitude, that is..you are more Southerly or Northerly.
1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World i. 159 Then we Steer'd away more Southerly for six or eight Days.
1756 P. Browne Civil & Nat. Hist. Jamaica i. ii. 27 The place, where it is observed, is a pleasant vale, situated southerly.
1831 H. T. De la Beche Geol. Man. ii. 94 A strong current sets from the Polar Seas..southerly down the coast of America.
1885 Manch. Examiner 10 Feb. 5/2 Crossing the hills,..he made his way southerly to Bangkok.
1919 Acts & Resolves 79th Legislature Maine lxvii. 63 Which house shall always be located southerly of the fourteenth range of lots.
1983 M. E. Glass & A. Glass Touring Nevada 3/2 They came into what is now the northwest corner of Nevada, heading southerly.
2000 Record (Bergen County, New Jersey) (Nexis) 21 May o3 The Record's source is correct in saying that Main Street was moved southerly from where the Indian road and the Colonial thoroughfare ran.
2. Of the movement of the wind or a storm: from the direction of the south.
ΚΠ
1582 E. Fenton in E. G. R. Taylor Troublesome Voy. Capt. E. Fenton (1959) 84 The winde comminge southerlie and to the west wardes, were forced to putt into yarmouth roade againe.
1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies Table of Contents sig. b2v/2 Windes that blowe southerly make the coast habitable.
a1642 W. Monson Naval Tracts (1704) ii. 260/1 The Wind chop'd up Southerly.
1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World i. 191 The Wind still holding Southerly,..We could easily perceive the Climate alter'd.
1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine at Wind Along the coasts of Cambodia and China..the Monsoons blow northerly and southerly.
1810 tr. J. Landt Descr. Feroe Islands ii. 131 If the rain ceases while the wind continues southerly, there is reason to hope that the good weather will be more steady.
1888 L. A. Smith Music of Waters 118 Blaw the wind southerly, southerly, southerly, Blaw the wind southerly, south, or south-west.
1965 Times 6 Mar. 11/1 Once the gale blew southerly from behind.
2000 E. Chadwick Marsh-king's Daughter 139 The wind was blowing southerly as they unreefed the single huge sail and tacked out the safety of Dover harbour.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1550adv.1577
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