solonchakn.

/ˈsɒləntʃak/

Forms: Also solontschak, etc.

Etymology: < Russian solonchák salt marsh, salt lake, < sol′ salt.

Soil Science.

A type of salty, alkaline soil that has little or no structure, is characteristically pale in colour, and occurs typically under salt-tolerant vegetation in poorly-drained semi-arid or desert regions.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > kind of earth or soil > [noun] > other soils

white earth1448

Chiltern?1530

light land1589

deads1653

rosil1691

moorland1753

prairie soil1817

residuum1828

rendzina1905

podzol1908

solonetz1924

solod1925

solonchak1925

pedalfer1928

pedocal1928

skeletal soil1932

peloid1933

sierozem1934

planosol1938

lithosol1939

regosol1949

andosol1958

Alfisol1960

Aridisol1960

Histosol1960

Spodosol1960

Andisol1978

1925 S. A. Waksman tr. K. K. Gedroits Soil Absorbing Complex & Absorbed Soil Cations (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 9 The stage of formation of a saline soil (solontshak) will in this case always take place before the stage of formation of an alkaline soil (solonetz).

1927 C. F. Marbut tr. K. D. Glinka Great Soil Groups 40 There is no word in English carrying the same meaning conveyed by the expression ‘alkali soils with definite structure’. To avoid the use of so long a phrase the Russian word Solonetz will be used in the following pages while the word Solontschak will be used for ‘alkali soils without pronounced structure’.

1939 Agric. in 20th Cent. 177 Where the soil water tended to move upwards, as in parts of the hot, dry countries, and especially where it contained salts in solution, another set of changes took place and the resulting soils were called ‘solontchaks’.

1963 D. W. Humphries & E. E. Humphries tr. H. Termier & G. Termier Erosion & Sedimentation xv. 325 At the research station at Hamadena, the soils are dominantly solonchak, secondarily characterized by being sodic, magnesian and calcic.

1972 J. G. Cruickshank Soil Geogr. iv. 145 Where sodium salts exceed 2 per cent of the mineral matter, a salic horizon is produced which may even be a salt crust on the soil surface under extremely dry conditions and high groundwater table. The soil is called a solonchak.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online March 2018).

单词	solonchak
释义	solonchakn. /ˈsɒləntʃak/ Forms: Also solontschak, etc. Etymology: < Russian solonchák salt marsh, salt lake, < sol′ salt. Soil Science. A type of salty, alkaline soil that has little or no structure, is characteristically pale in colour, and occurs typically under salt-tolerant vegetation in poorly-drained semi-arid or desert regions. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > kind of earth or soil > [noun] > other soils white earth1448 Chiltern?1530 light land1589 deads1653 rosil1691 moorland1753 prairie soil1817 residuum1828 rendzina1905 podzol1908 solonetz1924 solod1925 solonchak1925 pedalfer1928 pedocal1928 skeletal soil1932 peloid1933 sierozem1934 planosol1938 lithosol1939 regosol1949 andosol1958 Alfisol1960 Aridisol1960 Histosol1960 Spodosol1960 Andisol1978 1925 S. A. Waksman tr. K. K. Gedroits Soil Absorbing Complex & Absorbed Soil Cations (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 9 The stage of formation of a saline soil (solontshak) will in this case always take place before the stage of formation of an alkaline soil (solonetz). 1927 C. F. Marbut tr. K. D. Glinka Great Soil Groups 40 There is no word in English carrying the same meaning conveyed by the expression ‘alkali soils with definite structure’. To avoid the use of so long a phrase the Russian word Solonetz will be used in the following pages while the word Solontschak will be used for ‘alkali soils without pronounced structure’. 1939 Agric. in 20th Cent. 177 Where the soil water tended to move upwards, as in parts of the hot, dry countries, and especially where it contained salts in solution, another set of changes took place and the resulting soils were called ‘solontchaks’. 1963 D. W. Humphries & E. E. Humphries tr. H. Termier & G. Termier Erosion & Sedimentation xv. 325 At the research station at Hamadena, the soils are dominantly solonchak, secondarily characterized by being sodic, magnesian and calcic. 1972 J. G. Cruickshank Soil Geogr. iv. 145 Where sodium salts exceed 2 per cent of the mineral matter, a salic horizon is produced which may even be a salt crust on the soil surface under extremely dry conditions and high groundwater table. The soil is called a solonchak. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online March 2018). < n.1925
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