socagen.

Brit.

/ˈsɒkɪdʒ/, U.S.

/ˈsɑkɪdʒ/

Forms: Also Middle English–1500s sokage, 1500s socadge, 1500s– soccage.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman socage, sokage (Anglo-Latin socagium ), < soc soc n.¹ + -age suffix. By early writers (Bracton, etc.) supposed to be derived < soc plough: see Coke Inst. (1628) ii. v. §117. The view now generally accepted is that the original distinctive feature of socage was attendance at the court held by the superior in virtue of his right of soc.

Now Historical.

a. The tenure of land by certain determinate services other than knight-service.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > [noun] > tenure by service

socagea1325

escuagea1513

free or common (also free and common) socage1596

sokemanry1603

drengage1672

suithold1774

adscription1822

α.

a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) xxv. 85 Þoru suuche dede sokage is ibore out into fre tenement.

1485 Rolls of Parl. VI. 324/1 [She] entred into the same Meses, Lands and Tenements, in the right of the same David her Son, as his Gardyne in Socage.

a1500 Brome Book 155 Þan must ȝe enquere be what seruyce he helde of this lordscheppe, whether he hylde be skwage or be sokage.

a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 104 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) By what services hee houldeth his land, whether in cheife or in soccage, or by Knights service.

1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 86 Euery tenure which is not tenure in chiualrie is a tenure in socage.

1661 J. Stephens Hist. Disc. Procur. 47 As the Tenants in Socage after the said change paid their rents yearly to the Lord.

1766 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. 79 Socage, in it's most general and extensive signification, seems to denote a tenure by any certain and determinate service.

a1832 A. Polson Eng. Law in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) II. 824/1 The guardianship of a minor inheriting an estate in lands of the tenure of socage, devolves on the next of kin, on whom the inheritance cannot possibly descend.

1875 K. E. Digby Introd. Hist. Law Real Prop. i. 38 There can be little doubt that tenure in socage is the successor of the alodial proprietorship of early times.

β. 1538 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Star Chamber (1911) II. 67 Thomas Knyght..Surrenderyth into the lord hands in Soccage..a mese.1562 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 151 Hereditaments holden in soccage or of the nature of socage tenure.a1631 R. Cotton Abstr. Rec. Tower (1642) 14 For no man will buy quillets but in soccage.1700 J. Tyrrell Gen. Hist. Eng. II. 815 Nor will We have the Wardship..of the Fee-Farm, Soccage, or Burgage.1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. I. xi. 239 He also holds lands of the crown by soccage or any other tenure.figurative.1658 Culpeper's Semeiotica Uranica (ed. 3) 190 Dame Nature..holds by tenure by Soccage of Almighty God.1834 H. Taylor Philip van Artevelde ii. v. ii If he be not the devil's feudatory He holds in soccage of a fiend that is.

b. With distinguishing epithets, esp. free or common (also free and common) socage, the ordinary form of this tenure.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > [noun] > tenure by service

socagea1325

escuagea1513

free or common (also free and common) socage1596

sokemanry1603

drengage1672

suithold1774

adscription1822

1596 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent (rev. ed.) 539 There be two sortes of Socage, the one Free, the other Base..: the Free Socage descending to the eldest alone.

1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 31 Als meikill of his lands, halden in frie soccage; as the samine sonne will get..be reason of succession.

1671 F. Philipps Regale Necessarium 167 Before that late unhappy conversion of those Tenures into free and common socage.

1764 T. Hutchinson Hist. Colony Massachusets-Bay, 1628–91 (1765) v. 447 They held their lands, as of the manor,..in free and common socage.

1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 148 All lands in Upper Canada are to be granted hereafter in free and common soccage.

1832 C. M. Goodridge Narr. Voy. South Seas 255 Land thus disposed of without purchase, is to be..held in f [r] ee and common socage.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People ix. §2. 607 The conversion of lands held till then in chivalry into lands held in common socage.

c. An estate held in socage. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > a legal holding > [noun] > a feudal holding or fief > held in socage

socage1464

1464 Rolls of Parl. V. 521/2 In the Maners,.. Tounes, Wapentaches and Socage of Wyrkesworth.

1769 Ann. Reg. 1768 78*/2 At a certain small reserved rent..viz. 50l. per ann. for the soccage of Carlisle.

d. A payment made to the superior by one holding land in socage. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > payment or service to feudal superior > [noun] > other customary or feudal dues

land-cheapc848

manredlOE

horngeldc1170

tithing penny1192

averpenny1253

wattle-silver1263

faldfee?a1300

filstinga1300

horn-pennyc1320

common finea1325

wrongeld1340

yule-waitingc1380

lark silver1382

carriagec1400

week-silver1430

aida1475

average1489

castle-boon15..

winage1523

casualty?1529

fry money1530

casualityc1568

white hart silver1594

hornage1611

issues of homage1646

lef-silver1660

frith-silver1669

cert-money1670

aver-silver1847

socage1859

1859 C. Barker Devel. Associative Princ. i. 26 The rents and soccage of two mills were applied to the purchase of sheep~skins.

1883 Cent. Mag. Aug. 545/1 The payment of free socage came, in time, to be attended with some ceremony.

2. attributive, as socage freehold, socage land, socage roll, socage service, socage tenant, socage tenure.

ΚΠ

1467 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 376 The charter of the seid cite, with the ij. Socage Rollez, shullen be putt in the comyn cofour.

a1500 Brome Bk. 155 And althow it be sokage lond, ȝet þe eyur [= heir] schall pay a releffe and do his sewte.

1562Socage tenure [see sense 1aβ. ].

1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 121 He may deuise by his Will all his Socage Lands.

a1658 J. Cleveland Rustick Rampant in Wks. (1687) 442 Considering the Incertainty of things under that Iron Socage Tenure.

1741 T. Robinson Common Law of Kent i. 3 Under this Term were comprehended all Socage Services.

1747 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. I. 423 The taillages that the king had it in his power to levy upon the soccage tenants in his own demesnes.

1818 H. Hallam View Europe Middle Ages I. ii. 159 Many of them rather answer to our socage freeholds.

1890 Athenæum 4 Jan. 12/2 Owners of land held in England by socage tenure.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	socage
释义	socagen. Brit. /ˈsɒkɪdʒ/, U.S. /ˈsɑkɪdʒ/ Forms: Also Middle English–1500s sokage, 1500s socadge, 1500s– soccage. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman socage, sokage (Anglo-Latin socagium ), < soc soc n.¹ + -age suffix. By early writers (Bracton, etc.) supposed to be derived < soc plough: see Coke Inst. (1628) ii. v. §117. The view now generally accepted is that the original distinctive feature of socage was attendance at the court held by the superior in virtue of his right of soc. Now Historical. 1. a. The tenure of land by certain determinate services other than knight-service. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > [noun] > tenure by service socagea1325 escuagea1513 free or common (also free and common) socage1596 sokemanry1603 drengage1672 suithold1774 adscription1822 α. a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) xxv. 85 Þoru suuche dede sokage is ibore out into fre tenement. 1485 Rolls of Parl. VI. 324/1 [She] entred into the same Meses, Lands and Tenements, in the right of the same David her Son, as his Gardyne in Socage. a1500 Brome Book 155 Þan must ȝe enquere be what seruyce he helde of this lordscheppe, whether he hylde be skwage or be sokage. a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 104 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) By what services hee houldeth his land, whether in cheife or in soccage, or by Knights service. 1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 86 Euery tenure which is not tenure in chiualrie is a tenure in socage. 1661 J. Stephens Hist. Disc. Procur. 47 As the Tenants in Socage after the said change paid their rents yearly to the Lord. 1766 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. 79 Socage, in it's most general and extensive signification, seems to denote a tenure by any certain and determinate service. a1832 A. Polson Eng. Law in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) II. 824/1 The guardianship of a minor inheriting an estate in lands of the tenure of socage, devolves on the next of kin, on whom the inheritance cannot possibly descend. 1875 K. E. Digby Introd. Hist. Law Real Prop. i. 38 There can be little doubt that tenure in socage is the successor of the alodial proprietorship of early times. β. 1538 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Star Chamber (1911) II. 67 Thomas Knyght..Surrenderyth into the lord hands in Soccage..a mese.1562 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 151 Hereditaments holden in soccage or of the nature of socage tenure.a1631 R. Cotton Abstr. Rec. Tower (1642) 14 For no man will buy quillets but in soccage.1700 J. Tyrrell Gen. Hist. Eng. II. 815 Nor will We have the Wardship..of the Fee-Farm, Soccage, or Burgage.1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. I. xi. 239 He also holds lands of the crown by soccage or any other tenure.figurative.1658 Culpeper's Semeiotica Uranica (ed. 3) 190 Dame Nature..holds by tenure by Soccage of Almighty God.1834 H. Taylor Philip van Artevelde ii. v. ii If he be not the devil's feudatory He holds in soccage of a fiend that is. b. With distinguishing epithets, esp. free or common (also free and common) socage, the ordinary form of this tenure. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > [noun] > tenure by service socagea1325 escuagea1513 free or common (also free and common) socage1596 sokemanry1603 drengage1672 suithold1774 adscription1822 1596 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent (rev. ed.) 539 There be two sortes of Socage, the one Free, the other Base..: the Free Socage descending to the eldest alone. 1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 31 Als meikill of his lands, halden in frie soccage; as the samine sonne will get..be reason of succession. 1671 F. Philipps Regale Necessarium 167 Before that late unhappy conversion of those Tenures into free and common socage. 1764 T. Hutchinson Hist. Colony Massachusets-Bay, 1628–91 (1765) v. 447 They held their lands, as of the manor,..in free and common socage. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 148 All lands in Upper Canada are to be granted hereafter in free and common soccage. 1832 C. M. Goodridge Narr. Voy. South Seas 255 Land thus disposed of without purchase, is to be..held in f [r] ee and common socage. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People ix. §2. 607 The conversion of lands held till then in chivalry into lands held in common socage. c. An estate held in socage. rare. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > a legal holding > [noun] > a feudal holding or fief > held in socage socage1464 1464 Rolls of Parl. V. 521/2 In the Maners,.. Tounes, Wapentaches and Socage of Wyrkesworth. 1769 Ann. Reg. 1768 78/2 At a certain small reserved rent..viz. 50l. per ann. for the soccage of Carlisle. d. A payment made to the superior by one holding land in socage. rare. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > payment or service to feudal superior > [noun] > other customary or feudal dues land-cheapc848 manredlOE horngeldc1170 tithing penny1192 averpenny1253 wattle-silver1263 faldfee?a1300 filstinga1300 horn-pennyc1320 common finea1325 wrongeld1340 yule-waitingc1380 lark silver1382 carriagec1400 week-silver1430 aida1475 average1489 castle-boon15.. winage1523 casualty?1529 fry money1530 casualityc1568 white hart silver1594 hornage1611 issues of homage1646 lef-silver1660 frith-silver1669 cert-money1670 aver-silver1847 socage1859 1859 C. Barker Devel. Associative Princ.* i. 26 The rents and soccage of two mills were applied to the purchase of sheep~skins. 1883 Cent. Mag. Aug. 545/1 The payment of free socage came, in time, to be attended with some ceremony. 2. attributive, as socage freehold, socage land, socage roll, socage service, socage tenant, socage tenure. ΚΠ 1467 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 376 The charter of the seid cite, with the ij. Socage Rollez, shullen be putt in the comyn cofour. a1500 Brome Bk. 155 And althow it be sokage lond, ȝet þe eyur [= heir] schall pay a releffe and do his sewte. 1562Socage tenure [see sense 1aβ. ]. 1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 121 He may deuise by his Will all his Socage Lands. a1658 J. Cleveland Rustick Rampant in Wks. (1687) 442 Considering the Incertainty of things under that Iron Socage Tenure. 1741 T. Robinson Common Law of Kent i. 3 Under this Term were comprehended all Socage Services. 1747 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. I. 423 The taillages that the king had it in his power to levy upon the soccage tenants in his own demesnes. 1818 H. Hallam View Europe Middle Ages I. ii. 159 Many of them rather answer to our socage freeholds. 1890 Athenæum 4 Jan. 12/2 Owners of land held in England by socage tenure. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1325
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