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单词 smock
释义

smockn.

Brit. /smɒk/, U.S. /smɑk/
Forms: Old English, Middle English smoc, Middle English smok, Middle English– smock, Middle English–1500s smokk; Middle English–1700s smocke, Middle English–1500s smokke; Middle English–1600s smoke, 1500s smoake.
Etymology: Old English smoc, = Old Norse smokkr (once, and perhaps < Old English), Old High German smoccho (once); compare also North Frisian smok woman's shift (Heligoland, perhaps from E.), neck-ruff (Sylt). The stem is probably related to that of Old English smúgan to creep, Old Norse smjúga to creep into, put on, a garment. The sense of Old Norse smokkr is however not certain; it may be some special application of the later Icelandic smokkr, Norwegian smokk, sheath, sheath-formed case or receptacle, finger-stall, etc.
1.
a. A woman's undergarment; a shift or chemise. Now archaic or dialect (common down to 18th cent.).For the use as a plant-name see lady's smock n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > underwear > [noun] > vest or undershirt > for women
chemiseeOE
smocka1000
simar1636
smicketc1685
shift1712
shimmy1837
vestee1963
a1000 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 210 Colobium.., loþa, hom, uel smoc, mentel.
c1000 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 125 Colobium, smoc, uel syrc.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 163 Hire chemise [is] smal and hwit,..and hire smoc hwit.
c1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 182 Are hire smok were of i-nome.
c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 1788 Ȝour smock was solwy to sen, Bi mark þo ȝe schuld ly.
c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Miller's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 52 Whit was hir smok and broyden al bifoore And eek bihynde on hir coler aboute.
c1425 J. Lydgate Assembly of Gods 377 A smokke was her wede, garnysshyd curyously.
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 371/1 He..wold not relece hir obedyence tyl that she was despoyled to hir smocke.
1559 W. Cuningham Cosmogr. Glasse 173 Their shirtes and smokes are saffroned.
1591 R. Greene Farewell to Folly sig. I3 Shee..standing in hir smocke by the bed side.
1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 200 The women..weare but three cubits of cloth in their smocks.
1674 A. Cremer tr. J. Scheffer Hist. Lapland xvii. 89 The use of smocks is no more known among women than the use of shirts among men.
1735 A. Pope Of Char. of Women 6 Agrees as ill..As Flavia's diamonds with her dirty smock.
1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. xv. 296 I would sooner have her in her smock than any other woman with half England for a dower.
proverbial.1461 Prior of Bromholm in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 228 Nere is my kyrtyl, but nerre is my smok.1639 J. Clarke Paroemiologia 254 Neare is my petticoat, but nearer is my smock.in extended use.1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants iv. iv. iii. 201 This sticks not to the midle Coat,..but commonly, remains entire, after those are stripp'd off, being as it were, the Smock of the Seed.
b. Offered (formerly) as a prize in races to be run by women or girls.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > underwear > [noun] > vest or undershirt > for women > offered as a prize
smock1722
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > racing on foot > [noun] > other foot races > prize
smock1722
1722 Mrs. Bradshaw in C'tess Suffolk's Lett. (1824) I. 98 The Colonel gave a smock for the young wenches to run for.
1740 W. Somervile Hobbinol i. 225 See here this Prize, this rich lac'd Smock behold.
1812 in Holland Cheshire Gloss. (1886) 325 A race for a good Holland smock by ladies of all ages.
1859 T. Hughes Scouring of White Horse v. 91 I see, Sir, that ‘smocks to be run for by ladies’ is left out.
c. Used allusively to denote a woman or womankind. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > person > woman > [noun]
wifeeOE
womaneOE
womanOE
queanOE
brideOE
viragoc1000
to wifeOE
burdc1225
ladyc1225
carlinec1375
stotc1386
marec1387
pigsneyc1390
fellowa1393
piecec1400
femalea1425
goddessa1450
fairc1450
womankindc1450
fellowessa1500
femininea1513
tega1529
sister?1532
minikinc1540
wyec1540
placket1547
pig's eye1553
hen?1555
ware1558
pussy?a1560
jade1560
feme1566
gentlewoman1567
mort1567
pinnacea1568
jug1569
rowen1575
tarleather1575
mumps1576
skirt1578
piga1586
rib?1590
puppy1592
smock1592
maness1594
sloy1596
Madonna1602
moll1604
periwinkle1604
Partlet1607
rib of man1609
womanship?1609
modicum1611
Gypsy1612
petticoata1616
runniona1616
birda1627
lucky1629
she-man1640
her1646
lost rib1647
uptails1671
cow1696
tittup1696
cummer17..
wife1702
she-woman1703
person1704
molly1706
fusby1707
goody1708
riding hood1718
birdie1720
faggot1722
piece of goods1727
woman body1771
she-male1776
biddy1785
bitch1785
covess1789
gin1790
pintail1792
buer1807
femme1814
bibi1816
Judy1819
a bit (also bundle) of muslin1823
wifie1823
craft1829
shickster?1834
heifer1835
mot1837
tit1837
Sitt1838
strap1842
hay-bag1851
bint1855
popsy1855
tart1864
woman's woman1868
to deliver the goods1870
chapess1871
Dona1874
girl1878
ladykind1878
mivvy1881
dudess1883
dudette1883
dudine1883
tid1888
totty1890
tootsy1895
floozy1899
dame1902
jane1906
Tom1906
frail1908
bit of stuff1909
quim1909
babe1911
broad1914
muff1914
manhole1916
number1919
rossie1922
bit1923
man's woman1928
scupper1935
split1935
rye mort1936
totsy1938
leg1939
skinny1941
Richard1950
potato1957
scow1960
wimmin1975
womyn1975
womxn1991
society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > [adjective] > associating with loose women > relating to
smock1592
1592 R. Greene Notable Discouery of Coosenage (new ed.) sig. E4v The collier..said he would be tried by the verdict of the smock.
1612 W. Fennor Cornu-copiæ 3 If his sweet worship..Scrape fauour with some female-wedded smocke.
a1692 T. Shadwell Volunteers (1693) iii. i. 29 Thou wert a pretty Fellow, to Rebel all thy life-time against Princes, And trail a Pike under a Smock-Rampant at last!
2.
a. = smock-frock n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > smock-frock
gabardine1520
frocka1668
round frock1723
smock-frocka1800
smock1833
1833 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus in Fraser's Mag. Nov. 590/2 The broad button of Birmingham spelter in a Clown's smock.
1882 W. Ballantine Some Exper. Barrister's Life 16 A man..clad in one of the ordinary white smocks worn by labourers.
b. A loose garment worn by artists over their other clothes to keep them clean; a woman's or child's loose dress or blouse resembling a smock-frock in shape.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > other
overslopOE
golionc1290
jupec1290
herigaut1297
rocketc1300
tabardc1300
rocheta1325
suckeny?a1366
hanselinc1386
slopc1386
stolea1387
houpland1392
frockc1400
gipec1400
under-frock1547
vochette1548
shirt1553
rubashka1587
camis1590
gorbelly1598
kebaya1598
tunic1609
sotana1622
supertunic1626
simar1636
manteau1638
peplum1656
peple1658
semar1673
mantua1678
manty1678
mant1694
vest1700
banian1725
galabiya1725
peplos1738
paletota1796
pellard1799
blouse1828
chiton1850
diploidion1850
shirtwaist1859
camorra1869
diplois1887
smock1907
kurta1913
Punjabi1937
kameez1955
kente cloth1957
camouflage smock1964
kanzu1969
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > equipment for painting or drawing > [noun] > artist's garment
smock1907
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > that covers or protects other clothing > other
footmantlec1405
cover-slut1639
Johnny1920
smock1938
1907 Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 790/1 Girls' cashmere smock. In cream, sky, cardinal.
1938 N. Marsh Artists in Crime (1941) xiii. 192 He found..an evening dress in close proximity to a painting-smock.
1938 N. Marsh Artists in Crime (1941) xiii. 193 He was amused to find that even the Seacliff painting-bags and smock smelt of Worth.
1969 R. T. Wilcox Dict. Costume 326/2 The smock is now much worn as a coverall by professional people at work, especially artists.
1971 C. Storr Thursday vi. 63 I can just see myself in maternity smocks for the next ten years.
c. In full camouflage smock, a loose outer tunic of coarse material dyed brown and green and worn by troops as camouflage.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > other
overslopOE
golionc1290
jupec1290
herigaut1297
rocketc1300
tabardc1300
rocheta1325
suckeny?a1366
hanselinc1386
slopc1386
stolea1387
houpland1392
frockc1400
gipec1400
under-frock1547
vochette1548
shirt1553
rubashka1587
camis1590
gorbelly1598
kebaya1598
tunic1609
sotana1622
supertunic1626
simar1636
manteau1638
peplum1656
peple1658
semar1673
mantua1678
manty1678
mant1694
vest1700
banian1725
galabiya1725
peplos1738
paletota1796
pellard1799
blouse1828
chiton1850
diploidion1850
shirtwaist1859
camorra1869
diplois1887
smock1907
kurta1913
Punjabi1937
kameez1955
kente cloth1957
camouflage smock1964
kanzu1969
1964 L. Deighton Funeral in Berlin xxxii. 171 They wore camouflage smocks and steel helmets... They were front-line troops, not Waffen S.S.
1974 C. Ryan Bridge too Far iv. vii. 295 The only thing I could do for most of them was to take off their smocks and cover their faces.
1978 M. Walker Infiltrator xxi. 224 He tossed me an assault rifle and..a camouflage smock.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
a.
smock-dowry n.
ΚΠ
1611 T. Middleton & T. Dekker Roaring Girle sig. L4v A wench with her smocke-dowry, No portion with her, but her lips and armes.
smock dress n.
ΚΠ
1980 J. Hone Flowers of Forest i. 28 The woman in the pale smock dress.
smock jacket n.
ΚΠ
1976 Bridgwater Mercury 21 Dec. 3/2 (advt.) Half price smock jackets.
smock-linen n.
ΚΠ
1880 L. Higgin Handbk. Embroidery ii. 12 Smock Linen is a strong even green cloth..an excellent ground for working screens.
1882 S. F. A. Caulfeild & B. C. Saward Dict. Needlework 452/2 Smock linen, the linen of which our peasants' Smockfrocks are made, which is a strong even green linen, employed also for articles designed for embroidery.
smock-petticoat n.
ΚΠ
1627 Lismore Papers (1886) II. 222 2 smock petticoats of worsted for my mother and my wife.
smock-shirt n.
ΚΠ
1883 Cent. Mag. Nov. 74/2 Blue smock-shirts have it all to themselves.
1972 Guardian 8 Feb. 11/6 A smock shirt is less voluminous than a smock, but has..smock details: the neck is round or square, there is usually a yoke, and often pleated or pin-tucked fronts.
smock-skirt n.
ΚΠ
1630 J. Taylor Wks. ii. 165 From the loftie Quoyfe to the lowly..Smockeskirt.
smock-sleeve n.
ΚΠ
a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 43 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) The deepe smocke sleive, which the Irish women use.
1870 A. J. Munby Diary 25 June in D. Hudson Munby (1972) 288 A stout fair girl..who looked well in her cotton hoodbonnet and red neckerchief, and smocksleeves.
b.
smock-like adj.
ΚΠ
1603 J. Davies Extasie in Microcosmos 238 Her nether smockes or smock-like Petticotes.
C2.
smock-ravelled adj. dialect perplexed.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > perplexity, bewilderment > [adjective]
yblenta1225
amazed?c1225
wory?c1225
mingedc1275
willc1300
distracta1340
confounded1362
confuse1362
distraitc1374
whapedc1374
wilsomea1375
poseletc1390
distraught1393
perplexa1425
wildc1440
wiltc1440
dodemusydc1450
mistedc1450
unclearc1475
mazed1493
perplexeda1500
traversablea1500
mazyc1525
entangled1561
muddy?1571
distraughted1572
moidered1587
wondering1592
puzzled1598
plundered1601
distracted1604
uncollected1613
wildered1642
turbid1647
tosticated1650
fuddled1656
pixie-led1659
puzzling1692
bumbazed1720
maffled1820
obfuscated1822
confused1825
muddly1829
mystified1833
maze1842
obfusticatedc1844
head-scratching1849
clueless1862
flustery1862
befogged1868
deurmekaar1871
mosy1887
skewgee1890
buggered-up1893
confusticated1898
smock-ravelled1904
messed-up1913
screwed-up1943
hung up1945
lost1967
gravelled-
1904 in Eng. Dial. Dict. Smock-ravelled.
1913 D. H. Lawrence Let. 15 Sept. (1962) I feel a bit smock~ravelled—don't know where the east is, nor the north and west.
C3. In allusive terms, usually suggestive of loose conduct or immorality in, or in relation to, women. Examples are very common in 17th cent. dramatists.
smock-agent n.
ΚΠ
1632 P. Massinger Maid of Honour ii. ii. sig. D4 I hope Sir, You are not..imploy'd by him As a smocke-agent to me.
smock-council n.
ΚΠ
a1652 R. Brome City Wit iii. i. sig. C6, in Five New Playes (1653) I'll be hang'd if this Doctor be not of her smock Counsell.
smock-employment n.
ΚΠ
1630 P. Massinger Renegado ii. i. sig. D2 'Tis but procuring, A smocke imploiment.
smock-fair n.
ΚΠ
a1652 R. Brome Novella iii. i. sig. K2v, in Five New Playes (1653) What make you here i'th' Smock-Faire, precious Mistris?
smock fee n. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1611 L. Barry Ram-Alley iv. i A knight, and never heard of smock-fees?
smock loyalty n.
ΚΠ
1681 J. Dryden Spanish Fryar ii. i. 16 Now Plague and Pox on his Smock-loyalty!
smock officer n. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1640 J. Shirley Impostvre v. iii I was the agent 'twixt them: he was pleased To choose me his smock-officer.
smock secret n. Obsolete
ΚΠ
a1637 B. Jonson Magnetick Lady iv. vii. 41 in Wks. (1640) III Keepe these women-matters, Smock-secrets to our selves.
smock simony n.
ΚΠ
?1706 E. Hickeringill Priest-craft: 2nd Pt. Pref. sig. A3v Great Kindred, Smock-Simony, and Whores, have advanc'd many a Sot to the Holy-Chair.
smock-sworn adj. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1598 J. Marston Scourge of Villanie i. ii. sig. Cv Lust fiered, Attended onely with his smock sworne page.
smock toy n. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iv. 71 This smocktoy Paris..with falling woommanish hearelocks.
smock treason n. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1611 B. Jonson Catiline iv. sig. L2v Sem...There are of vs can be as exquisite Traytors, As ere a male-Conspirator of you all. Cet. I, at smock-treason, Matron. View more context for this quotation
smock vermin n. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1637 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Elder Brother iii. ii. sig. E2 These smocke vermin, how eagerly they leape at old mens kisses.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

smockadj.

Etymology: probably an attributive or elliptic use of smock n.
(See quots.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > wild or domestic birds > [adjective] > white
smock1850
1850 D. J. Browne Amer. Poultry Yard 290 In 1823, he [sc. a game-cock] was milk-white, or ‘smock’, as the English term it.
1854 L. A. Meall Moubray's Treat. Poultry 111 [Sub-varieties of Game-Fowl.] White, or Smock (vulgar).
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2018).

smockv.

Brit. /smɒk/, U.S. /smɑk/
Etymology: < smock n.
1. transitive. To render effeminate or womanish.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > sex and gender > female > effeminacy > [verb (transitive)]
effeminate1531
womanish1561
feminine1583
womanizea1586
hermaphroditize1598
unman1599
woman1611
smock1614
effeminizec1616
evirate1627
disman1628
lady1656
emolliate1802
1614 J. Sylvester Bethulia's Rescue iii. 28 Here would the Mede show..that no pomp..Had ever power his Manly mind to smock.
2. intransitive. To consort with women. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > flirtation or coquetry > flirt, philander, or dally [verb (intransitive)] > consort with women
smock1719
society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > [verb (intransitive)] > associate with loose woman
whore1547
whore-hunt1597
wench1599
palliardize1619
smock1719
womanize1893
tart1948
1719 in T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth IV. 126 Then we all agree; To..Smock and Knock it, Under the Green-wood Tree.
1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. 176 What! you don't smoke, I warrant you, but you smock.
3. transitive. To dress in a smock.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > in specific way > with specific garments > other
wimple?c1225
pricka1275
clothe1382
addressa1393
haspc1400
to-cloutc1430
shirtc1450
gownc1485
tuft1535
passement1539
kerchief1600
muff1607
inshirt1611
insmock1611
mode1656
costume1802
slop1803
shawl1812
cravat1818
sur-invest1827
frock1828
pinafore1843
smock1847
panoply1851
underclothe1857
upholster1873
fancy dress1878
sleeve1887
to suit up1912
crinoline1915
1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess iv. 76 This is proper to the clown, Tho' smock'd, or furr'd and purpled.
4. Needlework. To gather by means of sewing done in lines crossing each other diagonally, after a pattern common on smock-frocks.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > sew or ornament textile fabric [verb (transitive)] > gather
whip1548
regather1856
stroke1875
smock1888
shirr1892
1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 30 May 11/1 Her gown is of Liberty silk,..smocked here and gathered there.
1963 N. Streatfeild Vicarage Family iii. 27 Louise..was still small enough for smocks and her mother smocked beautifully.
1980 Daily Tel. 24 Apr. 14/5 His mother brought him up alone on a war pension plus what she could make by smocking children's clothes.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.a1000adj.1850v.1614
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