smeltn.¹

Brit.

/smɛlt/, U.S.

/smɛlt/

Etymology: Old English smelt, = obsolete German schmelt, schmelz (Gesner), Danish smelt (from c1600): compare Dutch smelt, Flemish smelte, German schmelte sand-eel, also Norwegian smelta a small species of cod or whiting. Relationship to Old English smolt, smylte is very doubtful.

a. A small fish, Osmerus eperlanus, allied to the salmon, and emitting a peculiar odour; the sparling or spirling.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > [noun] > family Osmeridae(smelts) > osmerus eperlanus (smelt)

smeltc725

sprotOE

sparling1307

spirlingc1425

spurlinga1471

prim1668

spirinchea1682

c725 Corpus Gl. S 72 Sardas, smeltas.

1328–9 Exch. K.R. Memoranda m. 125 Quoad capcionem piscis qui vocatur smelt.

c1358 in Eng. Hist. Rev. XXIV. 742 Item in smelt ij^d.

1421 Contin. Brut 447 Gurnard rosted... Smelt ffryed.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 460/2 Smelte, fysche.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 271/2 Smelte, a fysshe, esp[er]lang.

1558 Act 1 Eliz. c. 17 §4 Places where Smelts, Loches,..Gudgions or Eels, have been used to be taken.

1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 30 Of round fish, Brit, Sprat,..Smelts, &c.

1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. xix. 187 Smellts are so called, because they smell so sweet.

1768 Philos. Trans. 1767 (Royal Soc.) 57 285 The smelt are a very small sort of fish,..used for garnish to those that are larger.

1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 264 The smelt inhabits the seas of the northern parts of Europe.

1825 S. Adams & S. Adams Compl. Servant 86 Smelts, when fresh, have a fine bright appearance,..and a fragrant smell, like a cucumber.

1896 R. Lydekker Royal Nat. Hist. V. 503 The beautiful and delicately flavoured little fish known as smelts are represented by three species.

figurative.1793 J. Boswell Principal Corrections Life Johnson 34/1 [Quoting Johnson, an. 1784] Sir, you were a COD surrounded by smelts. Is not this enough for you?

b. A fish of a related species, esp. Osmerus mordax of the American coast.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > [noun] > family Osmeridae(smelts) > osmerus mordax

smelt1836

1836 W. Irving Astoria III. 189 A daughter of the one-eyed potentate Comcomly, who held sway over the fishing tribe of the Chinooks, and had long supplied the factory with smelts and sturgeons.

1839 W. Yarrell Hist. Brit. Fishes Suppl. ii. 16 The Hebridal Smelt.

1869 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Agric. 1868 330 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (40th Congr., 3rd Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc.) XV Spawn..of the white fish,..the Belgrade smelt, and the wall-eyed pike.

1883 A. Shea Newfoundland Fisheries 7 The American ‘smelt’ swarms on all parts of the coast.

c. Applied to various other small fishes, in the south of England frequently to the atherine or sand-smelt.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > unspecified types > [noun]

whalec950

tumbrelc1300

sprout1340

squame1393

codmop1466

whitefish1482

lineshark?a1500

salen1508

glaucus1509

bretcock1522

warcodling1525

razor1530

bassinatc1540

goldeney1542

smy1552

maiden1555

grail1587

whiting1587

needle1589

pintle-fish1591

goldfish1598

puffin fish1598

quap1598

stork1600

black-tail1601

ellops1601

fork-fish1601

sea-grape1601

sea-lizard1601

sea-raven1601

barne1602

plosher1602

whale-mouse1607

bowman1610

catfish1620

hog1620

kettle-fish1630

sharpa1636

carda1641

housewifea1641

roucotea1641

ox-fisha1642

sea-serpent1646

croaker1651

alderling1655

butkin1655

shamefish1655

yard1655

sea-dart1664

sea-pelican1664

Negro1666

sea-parrot1666

sea-blewling1668

sea-stickling1668

skull-fish1668

whale's guide1668

sennet1671

barracuda1678

skate-bread1681

tuck-fish1681

swallowtail1683

piaba1686

pit-fish1686

sand-creeper1686

horned hog1702

soldier1704

sea-crowa1717

bran1720

grunter1726

calcops1727

bennet1731

bonefish1734

Negro fish1735

isinglass-fish1740

orb1740

gollin1747

smelt1776

night-walker1777

water monarch1785

hardhead1792

macaw-fish1792

yellowback1796

sea-raven1797

blueback1812

stumpnose1831

flat1847

butterfish1849

croppie1856

gubbahawn1857

silt1863

silt-snapper1863

mullet-head1866

sailor1883

hogback1893

skipper1898

stocker1904

the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > order Atheriniformes > [noun] > member of family Atherinidae (smelt)

friar1603

atherine1771

smelt1776

sand-smelt1836

roselet1862

nonnat1868

grunion1917

1776 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (ed. 4, octavo) III. iv. 328 Atherine... This species is very common in the sea near Southampton, where it is called a Smelt.

1886 Encycl. Brit. XXI. 224/1 Retropinna contains but one species, R. richardsonii, which is known as the New Zealand Smelt.

1898 E. E. Morris Austral Eng. 421 Smelt, name given, in Melbourne, to the fish Clupea vittata.

1898 E. E. Morris Austral Eng. 421 The Derwent Smelt is a Tasmanian fish, Haplochiton sealii.

†2.

a. transferred. A simpleton. Obsolete.In quot. 1607 there is allusion to 2b.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > person of weak intellect > [noun] > simpleton

innocentc1386

greenhead1576

gonyc1580

ninnyhammer1592

chicken1600

loach1605

simplician1605

hichcock1607

smelt1607

foppasty1611

dovea1616

goslinga1616

funge1621

simplicity1633

gewgaw1634

squab1640

simpletonian1652

ninny-whoop1653

softhead1654

foppotee1663

greenhorn1672

sumph1682

sawney1699

sillyton1708

gaby?1746

gobbin?1746

green goose1768

nin-a-kin1787

Jacob1811

green1824

sillikin1832

greeny1834

softhorn1836

sucker1838

softie1850

dope1851

soft1854

verigreen1854

peanut1864

daftie1872

josser1886

naïf1891

yapc1894

barm-stick1924

knobhead1931

sook1933

nig-nog1953

sawn1953

pronk1959

stiffy1965

1607 T. Dekker & J. Webster West-ward Hoe iv. sig. G^v To see how plaine dealing women can pull downe men: Moll youle helpe vs to catch Smelts too?

1616 B. Jonson Cynthias Revels (rev. ed.) ii. iii, in Wks. I. 202 Cvp. What's he, Mercvrie? Mer. A notable smelt [1601 Finch].

a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Loves Pilgrimage v. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Cccccccc4/1 Talk what you will, this is a very smelt.

†b. Used allusively in the phrase westward for smelts (see quots.). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > [phrase] > going after women

westward for smelts1607

1607 T. Dekker & J. Webster West-ward Hoe ii. ii. sig. D2^v But wenches, with what pullies shall wee slide..out of our husbandes suspition, being gone West-ward for smelts all night.

1608 Great Frost sig. B2 Say, haue none gone westward for smelts (as our proverbial phrase is)?

1619 (title) Westward for Smelts: or, The Waterman's Fare of mad-merry Western Wenches.

3. northern dialect. A smolt. See smolt n.¹ 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > family Salmonidae (salmon) > [noun] > genus Salmo > salmo salar (salmon) > in second year or smolt

fry1389

smolt1469

sprod1617

smelta1634

skegger1653

salmonsews1672

salmon smelt1681

hepper1861

fish-fry1951

a1634 E. Coke 2nd Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. (1642) xlvii. 478 Yong Salmons, or Salmon peals, or Salmon Smelts.

1677 Mr. Johnson Let. 16 Apr. in J. Ray Corr. (1848) 127 In Cumberland, the fishers,..after the first summer, call them free, or frie, as we [in Yorkshire] smowts or smelts, before they come to be lackes.

1686 F. Willughby & J. Ray De Hist. Piscium iv. iv. 189 Nostratibus in fluvio Ribble agri Eboracensis Salmones primo ætatis anno Smelts dicuntur; secundo Sprods.

1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 242 The young [salmon]..gradually increase to the length of four or five inches, and are then termed Smelts or Smouts.

1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words Smelts, the fry of the salmon; generally called salmon-smelts.

1842 Hist. Berwickshire Naturalists' Club 2 4 He took Smelts of the Salmon with their silvery sides.

Compounds

attributive, as smelt-boat, smelt family, smelt fishery, smelt-fishing, smelt-leap, smelt net.

ΚΠ

1384–5 Cal. Lett. Bk. ‘ H ’ Lond. (1907) 255 [Eight nets called] smelt net [of unlawful mesh].

a1627 T. Middleton Chast Mayd in Cheape-side (1630) iv. 55 She would not stay for Oares, but tooke a Smelt-boat.

1630 Order in R. Griffiths Ess. Jurisdict. Thames (1746) 78 That no Peter-man do fish with any Hagan or Smelt Net below London Bridge.

1630 Order in R. Griffiths Ess. Jurisdict. Thames (1746) 79 No Fisherman..shall lay down in the River..any Smelt-Leaps before St. Paul's Day yearly.

1795 R. Cole Young Angler's Pocket Compan. (title page) The Best Method of Smelt-Fishing.

1884 G. B. Goode in G. B. Goode et al. Fisheries U.S.: Sect. I 543 The Smelt Family, Microstomidæ.

1888 G. B. Goode Amer. Fishes 492 The smelt fishery is increasing yearly in importance.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

smeltv.

Brit.

/smɛlt/, U.S.

/smɛlt/

Etymology: probably < Middle Dutch or Middle Low German smelten (smilten ), whence also Middle Swedish and Swedish smälta , Norwegian smelta , Danish smelte , = Old High German and Middle High German smelzen (German schmelzen : see schmaltz n., schmelz n., smalto n.), a weak transitive verb corresponding to a strong intransitive (of the type smeltan , smalt ) found in the same languages. The root appears to be a variation of that of melt v.¹

transitive. To fuse or melt (ore, etc.) in order to extract the metal; to obtain or produce (metal) by this process.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > extract from ore > smelt

try13..

smelt1543

run1650

reduce1666

eliquate1759

resmelt1804

beneficiate1873

1543 in J. R. Walbran Mem. Abbey St. Mary of Fountains (1863) I. 403 For smelting one pece leade.

1602–3 Shuttleworths' Acc. (Chetham) 149 To Henry Orrell, bellfounder of Wyggan, for smeltinge the lead ashes, xx^s.

1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. iv. 165 Which they Smelted..not far off, where they had Mills, &c. for the purpose.

1730 Philos. Trans. 1729–30 (Royal Soc.) 36 32 This slag is afterwards smelted again with Cowke only.

1814 H. M. Brackenridge Views Louisiana i. vii. 148 The floats have no tiif, and are the most easily smelted.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iii. 317 It was not then the practice to employ coal for smelting the ore.

1873 E. Spon Workshop Receipts 1st Ser. 10/1 The best plan of smelting brass is to melt the copper in a black-lead crucible first.

absolute.1833 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus i. vi, in Fraser's Mag. Dec. 671/2 Those jingling sheet-iron Aprons, wherein your otherwise half-naked Vulcans hammer and smelt in their Smelt-furnace.figurative.1850 T. Carlyle Latter-day Pamphlets viii. 40 Who will smelt..these scandalous bewildering rubbish-mountains.1874 H. R. Reynolds John the Baptist iv. §6. 272 God..will scorch and smelt the true metal in the furnace.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	smelt
释义	smeltn.¹ Brit. /smɛlt/, U.S. /smɛlt/ Etymology: Old English smelt, = obsolete German schmelt, schmelz (Gesner), Danish smelt (from c1600): compare Dutch smelt, Flemish smelte, German schmelte sand-eel, also Norwegian smelta a small species of cod or whiting. Relationship to Old English smolt, smylte is very doubtful. 1. a. A small fish, Osmerus eperlanus, allied to the salmon, and emitting a peculiar odour; the sparling or spirling. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > [noun] > family Osmeridae(smelts) > osmerus eperlanus (smelt) smeltc725 sprotOE sparling1307 spirlingc1425 spurlinga1471 prim1668 spirinchea1682 c725 Corpus Gl. S 72 Sardas, smeltas. 1328–9 Exch. K.R. Memoranda m. 125 Quoad capcionem piscis qui vocatur smelt. c1358 in Eng. Hist. Rev. XXIV. 742 Item in smelt ij^d. 1421 Contin. Brut 447 Gurnard rosted... Smelt ffryed. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 460/2 Smelte, fysche. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 271/2 Smelte, a fysshe, esp[er]lang. 1558 Act 1 Eliz. c. 17 §4 Places where Smelts, Loches,..Gudgions or Eels, have been used to be taken. 1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 30 Of round fish, Brit, Sprat,..Smelts, &c. 1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. xix. 187 Smellts are so called, because they smell so sweet. 1768 Philos. Trans. 1767 (Royal Soc.) 57 285 The smelt are a very small sort of fish,..used for garnish to those that are larger. 1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 264 The smelt inhabits the seas of the northern parts of Europe. 1825 S. Adams & S. Adams Compl. Servant 86 Smelts, when fresh, have a fine bright appearance,..and a fragrant smell, like a cucumber. 1896 R. Lydekker Royal Nat. Hist. V. 503 The beautiful and delicately flavoured little fish known as smelts are represented by three species. figurative.1793 J. Boswell Principal Corrections Life Johnson 34/1 [Quoting Johnson, an. 1784] Sir, you were a COD surrounded by smelts. Is not this enough for you? b. A fish of a related species, esp. Osmerus mordax of the American coast. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > [noun] > family Osmeridae(smelts) > osmerus mordax smelt1836 1836 W. Irving Astoria III. 189 A daughter of the one-eyed potentate Comcomly, who held sway over the fishing tribe of the Chinooks, and had long supplied the factory with smelts and sturgeons. 1839 W. Yarrell Hist. Brit. Fishes Suppl. ii. 16 The Hebridal Smelt. 1869 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Agric. 1868 330 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (40th Congr., 3rd Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc.) XV Spawn..of the white fish,..the Belgrade smelt, and the wall-eyed pike. 1883 A. Shea Newfoundland Fisheries 7 The American ‘smelt’ swarms on all parts of the coast. c. Applied to various other small fishes, in the south of England frequently to the atherine or sand-smelt. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > unspecified types > [noun] whalec950 tumbrelc1300 sprout1340 squame1393 codmop1466 whitefish1482 lineshark?a1500 salen1508 glaucus1509 bretcock1522 warcodling1525 razor1530 bassinatc1540 goldeney1542 smy1552 maiden1555 grail1587 whiting1587 needle1589 pintle-fish1591 goldfish1598 puffin fish1598 quap1598 stork1600 black-tail1601 ellops1601 fork-fish1601 sea-grape1601 sea-lizard1601 sea-raven1601 barne1602 plosher1602 whale-mouse1607 bowman1610 catfish1620 hog1620 kettle-fish1630 sharpa1636 carda1641 housewifea1641 roucotea1641 ox-fisha1642 sea-serpent1646 croaker1651 alderling1655 butkin1655 shamefish1655 yard1655 sea-dart1664 sea-pelican1664 Negro1666 sea-parrot1666 sea-blewling1668 sea-stickling1668 skull-fish1668 whale's guide1668 sennet1671 barracuda1678 skate-bread1681 tuck-fish1681 swallowtail1683 piaba1686 pit-fish1686 sand-creeper1686 horned hog1702 soldier1704 sea-crowa1717 bran1720 grunter1726 calcops1727 bennet1731 bonefish1734 Negro fish1735 isinglass-fish1740 orb1740 gollin1747 smelt1776 night-walker1777 water monarch1785 hardhead1792 macaw-fish1792 yellowback1796 sea-raven1797 blueback1812 stumpnose1831 flat1847 butterfish1849 croppie1856 gubbahawn1857 silt1863 silt-snapper1863 mullet-head1866 sailor1883 hogback1893 skipper1898 stocker1904 the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > order Atheriniformes > [noun] > member of family Atherinidae (smelt) friar1603 atherine1771 smelt1776 sand-smelt1836 roselet1862 nonnat1868 grunion1917 1776 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (ed. 4, octavo) III. iv. 328 Atherine... This species is very common in the sea near Southampton, where it is called a Smelt. 1886 Encycl. Brit. XXI. 224/1 Retropinna contains but one species, R. richardsonii, which is known as the New Zealand Smelt. 1898 E. E. Morris Austral Eng. 421 Smelt, name given, in Melbourne, to the fish Clupea vittata. 1898 E. E. Morris Austral Eng. 421 The Derwent Smelt is a Tasmanian fish, Haplochiton sealii. †2. a. transferred. A simpleton. Obsolete.In quot. 1607 there is allusion to 2b. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > person of weak intellect > [noun] > simpleton innocentc1386 greenhead1576 gonyc1580 ninnyhammer1592 chicken1600 loach1605 simplician1605 hichcock1607 smelt1607 foppasty1611 dovea1616 goslinga1616 funge1621 simplicity1633 gewgaw1634 squab1640 simpletonian1652 ninny-whoop1653 softhead1654 foppotee1663 greenhorn1672 sumph1682 sawney1699 sillyton1708 gaby?1746 gobbin?1746 green goose1768 nin-a-kin1787 Jacob1811 green1824 sillikin1832 greeny1834 softhorn1836 sucker1838 softie1850 dope1851 soft1854 verigreen1854 peanut1864 daftie1872 josser1886 naïf1891 yapc1894 barm-stick1924 knobhead1931 sook1933 nig-nog1953 sawn1953 pronk1959 stiffy1965 1607 T. Dekker & J. Webster West-ward Hoe iv. sig. G^v To see how plaine dealing women can pull downe men: Moll youle helpe vs to catch Smelts too? 1616 B. Jonson Cynthias Revels (rev. ed.) ii. iii, in Wks. I. 202 Cvp. What's he, Mercvrie? Mer. A notable smelt [1601 Finch]. a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Loves Pilgrimage v. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Cccccccc4/1 Talk what you will, this is a very smelt. †b. Used allusively in the phrase westward for smelts (see quots.). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > [phrase] > going after women westward for smelts1607 1607 T. Dekker & J. Webster West-ward Hoe ii. ii. sig. D2^v But wenches, with what pullies shall wee slide..out of our husbandes suspition, being gone West-ward for smelts all night. 1608 Great Frost sig. B2 Say, haue none gone westward for smelts (as our proverbial phrase is)? 1619 (title) Westward for Smelts: or, The Waterman's Fare of mad-merry Western Wenches. 3. northern dialect. A smolt. See smolt n.¹ 1. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > family Salmonidae (salmon) > [noun] > genus Salmo > salmo salar (salmon) > in second year or smolt fry1389 smolt1469 sprod1617 smelta1634 skegger1653 salmonsews1672 salmon smelt1681 hepper1861 fish-fry1951 a1634 E. Coke 2nd Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. (1642) xlvii. 478 Yong Salmons, or Salmon peals, or Salmon Smelts. 1677 Mr. Johnson Let. 16 Apr. in J. Ray Corr. (1848) 127 In Cumberland, the fishers,..after the first summer, call them free, or frie, as we [in Yorkshire] smowts or smelts, before they come to be lackes. 1686 F. Willughby & J. Ray De Hist. Piscium iv. iv. 189 Nostratibus in fluvio Ribble agri Eboracensis Salmones primo ætatis anno Smelts dicuntur; secundo Sprods. 1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 242 The young [salmon]..gradually increase to the length of four or five inches, and are then termed Smelts or Smouts. 1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words Smelts, the fry of the salmon; generally called salmon-smelts. 1842 Hist. Berwickshire Naturalists' Club 2 4 He took Smelts of the Salmon with their silvery sides. Compounds attributive, as smelt-boat, smelt family, smelt fishery, smelt-fishing, smelt-leap, smelt net. ΚΠ 1384–5 Cal. Lett. Bk. ‘ H ’ Lond. (1907) 255 [Eight nets called] smelt net [of unlawful mesh]. a1627 T. Middleton Chast Mayd in Cheape-side (1630) iv. 55 She would not stay for Oares, but tooke a Smelt-boat. 1630 Order in R. Griffiths Ess. Jurisdict. Thames (1746) 78 That no Peter-man do fish with any Hagan or Smelt Net below London Bridge. 1630 Order in R. Griffiths Ess. Jurisdict. Thames (1746) 79 No Fisherman..shall lay down in the River..any Smelt-Leaps before St. Paul's Day yearly. 1795 R. Cole Young Angler's Pocket Compan. (title page) The Best Method of Smelt-Fishing. 1884 G. B. Goode in G. B. Goode et al. Fisheries U.S.: Sect. I 543 The Smelt Family, Microstomidæ. 1888 G. B. Goode Amer. Fishes 492 The smelt fishery is increasing yearly in importance. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † smeltn.² Etymology: Of obscure origin. slang. Obsolete. A half-guinea. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > English coins > [noun] > guinea or twenty-one shillings > half- or quarter-guinea smelt1635 quarter-guinea1695 half-guinea1696 1635 J. Shirley Lady of Pleasure v. i He..pays the rooks That went their smelts a piece upon his hand. 1688 T. Shadwell Squire of Alsatia i. i. 6 Prithee Noble Squire, Equipp me with a Couple of Meggs, or two Couple of Smelts. 1822 W. Scott Fortunes of Nigel II. xii. 282 That noble Master Grahame, whom you call Green, has got the decuses and the smelts.] This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2021). † smeltadj. Origin: Perhaps a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse smelt-r. Etymology: ? < Old Norse smelt-r enamelled. Obsolete. rare. ? Enamelled, polished. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > polishing > [adjective] polisheda1382 forbed1413 furbishedc1430 smeltc1540 nitid1615 neat-polished1729 c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1667 A tabill..all of triet yuer, Bourdurt about all with bright Aumbur, Þat smelt is & smethe. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2021). smeltv. Brit. /smɛlt/, U.S. /smɛlt/ Etymology: probably < Middle Dutch or Middle Low German smelten (smilten ), whence also Middle Swedish and Swedish smälta , Norwegian smelta , Danish smelte , = Old High German and Middle High German smelzen (German schmelzen : see schmaltz n., schmelz n., smalto n.), a weak transitive verb corresponding to a strong intransitive (of the type smeltan , smalt ) found in the same languages. The root appears to be a variation of that of melt v.¹ transitive. To fuse or melt (ore, etc.) in order to extract the metal; to obtain or produce (metal) by this process. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > extract from ore > smelt try13.. smelt1543 run1650 reduce1666 eliquate1759 resmelt1804 beneficiate1873 1543 in J. R. Walbran Mem. Abbey St. Mary of Fountains (1863) I. 403 For smelting one pece leade. 1602–3 Shuttleworths' Acc. (Chetham) 149 To Henry Orrell, bellfounder of Wyggan, for smeltinge the lead ashes, xx^s. 1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. iv. 165 Which they Smelted..not far off, where they had Mills, &c. for the purpose. 1730 Philos. Trans. 1729–30 (Royal Soc.) 36 32 This slag is afterwards smelted again with Cowke only. 1814 H. M. Brackenridge Views Louisiana i. vii. 148 The floats have no tiif, and are the most easily smelted. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iii. 317 It was not then the practice to employ coal for smelting the ore. 1873 E. Spon Workshop Receipts 1st Ser. 10/1 The best plan of smelting brass is to melt the copper in a black-lead crucible first. absolute.1833 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus i. vi, in Fraser's Mag. Dec. 671/2 Those jingling sheet-iron Aprons, wherein your otherwise half-naked Vulcans hammer and smelt in their Smelt-furnace.figurative.1850 T. Carlyle Latter-day Pamphlets viii. 40 Who will smelt..these scandalous bewildering rubbish-mountains.1874 H. R. Reynolds John the Baptist iv. §6. 272 God..will scorch and smelt the true metal in the furnace. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022). > see also also refers to : smelt-comb. form < n.¹c725n.²1635adj.c1540v.1543 see also
随便看	praemunire facias praemunireal praemunires praemunirized praenestine praenestinian praenomen praenomens praenomina praepositi praepositor praepositorship praepositure praepositus praepostor praepostors praepubis praescutum praesepe praeses praesidia praesidium praesidiums praesternum praeter-

smeltn.1

Compounds

† smeltn.2

† smeltadj.

smeltv.

> see also

smeltn.¹

† smeltn.²