smallagen.

Brit.

/ˈsmɔːlɪdʒ/, U.S.

/ˈsmɔlɪdʒ/,

/ˈsmɑlɪdʒ/

Forms:

α. Middle English smale ach, Middle English smale ache, Middle English smalhache, Middle English smalleache, Middle English smalle ache, Middle English synache (transmission error), Middle English–1500s smalache, Middle English–1500s smallache, Middle English–1600s smalach, Middle English–1700s smallach, 1500s smaleache; Scottish pre-1700 smalaich.

β. Middle English–1500s smalage, Middle English–1500s smaledge, Middle English–1500s smalege, Middle English– smallage, 1500s–1600s smalladge, 1500s–1600s smalledge, 1600s smalegd; Scottish pre-1700 smallage.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: small adj., ache n.²

Etymology: < small adj. + ache n.²Compare Anglo-Norman smalache (14th cent.), post-classical Latin smalagium (14th cent.), both < English. The β. forms show voicing of the affricate in the final syllable (compare the β. forms at cabbage n.¹).

Now historical and rare.

Any of several kinds of celery or parsley; esp. wild celery, Apium graveolens, formerly used medicinally and to flavour food.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > herb > [noun] > parsley

parsleyeOE

smallagea1300

petroseline?a1425

ache1578

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > stalk vegetables > [noun] > celery > wild celery

achea1300

smallagea1300

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > stalk vegetables > celery > wild celery

achea1300

smallagea1300

marcha1398

marsh parsley1582

α.

a1300 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 28 [Apium] anglice smalache.

c1300 St. Cuthbert (Laud) l. 52 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 360 ‘Nim’, he seide, ‘þe milk of one kov.., Iuys of smal-Ache do þar-to’.

a1400 J. Mirfield Sinonoma Bartholomei (1882) 11 Apium simpliciter,..smale ache.

c1450 Med. Recipes (BL Add. 33996) in F. Heinrich Mittelengl. Medizinbuch (1896) 101 Take smalache, reed fenel, rewe, verueyne [etc.].

1545 T. Raynald tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde iii. sig. X.ii^v The decoction of rosemarye,..alexander, smallach..&c. is very soueraign.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 606 Smallache hath shyning leaues of a darke greene colour.

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 719 Afterwards when these [Isthmian] Games were accounted, they translated thither..the chaplet of Smallach.

1769 J. Millar Observ. Asthma & Hooping Cough 190 It [sc. asafœtida] hath large roots, a stem or stalk like sagapeum or fennelgeant, and leaves resembling those of smallach or parsley.

β. a1400 in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 149 (MED) Fille þi viol ful of lyes of strong wiyn & putte þerto..smallage, persile, sauge, [etc.].a1500 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 711/15 Hoc apium, smalege.1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 271/2 Smallage an herbe, ache.1562 W. Turner Herball (1568) 40 Smallage hath suche a strong savor,..that no man can..eat it with hys meate.1636 W. Denny in Ann. Dubrensia sig. C Each three yeares Victor was with Smallage crown'd, Whose pendant leaves, his head enshadow'd round.1690 W. Temple Ess. Gardens of Epicurus in Wks. (1720) I. 178 The Plants he mentions, are the Apium, which tho' commonly interpreted Parsly, yet comprehends all Sorts of Smallage, whereof Sellery is one.1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. Compl. Hist. Druggs I. 2 The large Smallage, which the Gardiners falsly call Macedonian-Parsley.1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xvii. 244 Our Wild Smallage..which is common by ditches and brooks, cannot be rendered esculent by culture.1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 208 The cicuta virosa, or water-hemlock, the leaves of which have been mistaken for smallage.1876 Encycl. Brit. V. 290/2 Celery,..a biennial plant..which, in its native condition, is known in England as smallage.1900 E. Spencer Cakes & Ale xi. 129 Celery is simply cultivated ‘smallage’; a weed which has existed in Britain since the age of ice.1945 Folk-lore 56 354 Smallage (Apium graveolens) was an important constituent [of herb gruels].2001 D. Farland Wizardborn 313 For long minutes he extolled the virtues of goosegrass and feverfew, elder flowers and smallage.

Compounds

General attributive.

ΚΠ

?a1425 MS Hunterian 95 f. 162, in Middle Eng. Dict. at Smal-ache Sympel medicines..Malowe sede, percile sede, smalleache sede, and fenel sede.

c1450 Practica Phisicalia John of Burgundy in H. Schöffler Mittelengl. Medizinlit. (1919) 237 (MED) For þe stone. Take smallage-sede, louage-sede..and cut hem in smal pecys.

?1550 H. Llwyd tr. Pope John XXI Treasury of Healthe sig. G.v^v Smalladge rote hanged aboute thy necke doth alay the tooth ache.

1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in Topsell's Hist. Four-footed Beasts (rev. ed.) 1063 Give in Wine the decoction..of the Cyprus Nut, Smallage-seed.

a1665 K. Digby Closet Opened (1669) 162 Smallage Gruel.

a1760 C. Alston Lect. Materia Medica (1770) I. xxxvii. 379 The only seed, (which is somewhat larger, greener, and more agreeably aromatic than smallage seed) is used medicinally.

1853 A. Soyer Pantropheon 141 When it is cooked, add pepper and smallage seed.

1928 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 29 Dec. 1189/2 To it he [sc. Robert Talbor] would sometimes add red roses, lemon juice, fennel-root juice, smallage leaves, or parsley.

1984 S. Garland Herb Garden (2002) 55 Buttered gruels of oatmeal mixed with appropriate herbs for various ailments, such as smallage gruel to purify the blood, were still common two hundred years ago in Europe.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	smallage
释义	smallagen. Brit. /ˈsmɔːlɪdʒ/, U.S. /ˈsmɔlɪdʒ/, /ˈsmɑlɪdʒ/ Forms: α. Middle English smale ach, Middle English smale ache, Middle English smalhache, Middle English smalleache, Middle English smalle ache, Middle English synache (transmission error), Middle English–1500s smalache, Middle English–1500s smallache, Middle English–1600s smalach, Middle English–1700s smallach, 1500s smaleache; Scottish pre-1700 smalaich. β. Middle English–1500s smalage, Middle English–1500s smaledge, Middle English–1500s smalege, Middle English– smallage, 1500s–1600s smalladge, 1500s–1600s smalledge, 1600s smalegd; Scottish pre-1700 smallage. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: small adj., ache n.² Etymology: < small adj. + ache n.²Compare Anglo-Norman smalache (14th cent.), post-classical Latin smalagium (14th cent.), both < English. The β. forms show voicing of the affricate in the final syllable (compare the β. forms at cabbage n.¹). Now historical and rare. Any of several kinds of celery or parsley; esp. wild celery, Apium graveolens, formerly used medicinally and to flavour food. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > herb > [noun] > parsley parsleyeOE smallagea1300 petroseline?a1425 ache1578 the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > stalk vegetables > [noun] > celery > wild celery achea1300 smallagea1300 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > stalk vegetables > celery > wild celery achea1300 smallagea1300 marcha1398 marsh parsley1582 α. a1300 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 28 [Apium] anglice smalache. c1300 St. Cuthbert (Laud) l. 52 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 360 ‘Nim’, he seide, ‘þe milk of one kov.., Iuys of smal-Ache do þar-to’. a1400 J. Mirfield Sinonoma Bartholomei (1882) 11 Apium simpliciter,..smale ache. c1450 Med. Recipes (BL Add. 33996) in F. Heinrich Mittelengl. Medizinbuch (1896) 101 Take smalache, reed fenel, rewe, verueyne [etc.]. 1545 T. Raynald tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde iii. sig. X.ii^v The decoction of rosemarye,..alexander, smallach..&c. is very soueraign. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 606 Smallache hath shyning leaues of a darke greene colour. 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 719 Afterwards when these [Isthmian] Games were accounted, they translated thither..the chaplet of Smallach. 1769 J. Millar Observ. Asthma & Hooping Cough 190 It [sc. asafœtida] hath large roots, a stem or stalk like sagapeum or fennelgeant, and leaves resembling those of smallach or parsley. β. a1400 in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 149 (MED) Fille þi viol ful of lyes of strong wiyn & putte þerto..smallage, persile, sauge, [etc.].a1500 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 711/15 Hoc apium, smalege.1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 271/2 Smallage an herbe, ache.1562 W. Turner Herball (1568) 40 Smallage hath suche a strong savor,..that no man can..eat it with hys meate.1636 W. Denny in Ann. Dubrensia sig. C Each three yeares Victor was with Smallage crown'd, Whose pendant leaves, his head enshadow'd round.1690 W. Temple Ess. Gardens of Epicurus in Wks. (1720) I. 178 The Plants he mentions, are the Apium, which tho' commonly interpreted Parsly, yet comprehends all Sorts of Smallage, whereof Sellery is one.1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. Compl. Hist. Druggs I. 2 The large Smallage, which the Gardiners falsly call Macedonian-Parsley.1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xvii. 244 Our Wild Smallage..which is common by ditches and brooks, cannot be rendered esculent by culture.1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 208 The cicuta virosa, or water-hemlock, the leaves of which have been mistaken for smallage.1876 Encycl. Brit. V. 290/2 Celery,..a biennial plant..which, in its native condition, is known in England as smallage.1900 E. Spencer Cakes & Ale xi. 129 Celery is simply cultivated ‘smallage’; a weed which has existed in Britain since the age of ice.1945 Folk-lore 56 354 Smallage (Apium graveolens) was an important constituent [of herb gruels].2001 D. Farland Wizardborn 313 For long minutes he extolled the virtues of goosegrass and feverfew, elder flowers and smallage. Compounds General attributive. ΚΠ ?a1425 MS Hunterian 95 f. 162, in Middle Eng. Dict. at Smal-ache Sympel medicines..Malowe sede, percile sede, smalleache sede, and fenel sede. c1450 Practica Phisicalia John of Burgundy in H. Schöffler Mittelengl. Medizinlit. (1919) 237 (MED) For þe stone. Take smallage-sede, louage-sede..and cut hem in smal pecys. ?1550 H. Llwyd tr. Pope John XXI Treasury of Healthe sig. G.v^v Smalladge rote hanged aboute thy necke doth alay the tooth ache. 1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in Topsell's Hist. Four-footed Beasts (rev. ed.) 1063 Give in Wine the decoction..of the Cyprus Nut, Smallage-seed. a1665 K. Digby Closet Opened (1669) 162 Smallage Gruel. a1760 C. Alston Lect. Materia Medica (1770) I. xxxvii. 379 The only seed, (which is somewhat larger, greener, and more agreeably aromatic than smallage seed) is used medicinally. 1853 A. Soyer Pantropheon 141 When it is cooked, add pepper and smallage seed. 1928 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 29 Dec. 1189/2 To it he [sc. Robert Talbor] would sometimes add red roses, lemon juice, fennel-root juice, smallage leaves, or parsley. 1984 S. Garland Herb Garden (2002) 55 Buttered gruels of oatmeal mixed with appropriate herbs for various ailments, such as smallage gruel to purify the blood, were still common two hundred years ago in Europe. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1300
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