slowdownn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈsləʊdaʊn/, U.S.

/ˈsloʊˌdaʊn/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: slow v., down adv.

Etymology: < slow v. + down adv., after to slow down at slow v. Phrasal verbs. Compare earlier slow-up n.

Originally U.S.

A. n.

1. The action or process of slowing down in speed; an instance of slowing down in speed.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > rate of motion > [noun] > decreasing rate of movement or progress

relent1580

slowing1598

slowing up1868

slowing down1870

slow-up1874

slowdown1882

deceleration1897

slack1899

slow1954

1882 Daily Republican-Sentinel (Milwaukee, Wisconsin) 4 Oct. 3/2 The New York Shore Line Express runs the forty-four miles between Boston and Providence in 54½ minutes, making one stop and one slow-down.

1949 Mod. Railroads Oct. 48/1 With heavy freights this slowdown on an ascending 2.2 percent grade was always a hazard to breaking of drawbars.

1973 Nature 3 Aug. 260/1 The observed evolutionary slowdown in higher primates may simply be the consequence of progressive prolongation of their generation time.

1978 Sci. Amer. July 28/2 Energy is required, for example, to accelerate the vehicle from traffic stops and slowdowns.

2015 Science 20 Feb. 819/2 The result is a slowdown of the jet stream.

2. An economic recession; a decline in growth, productivity, or demand.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > business affairs > [noun] > falling off of business

slowdown1922

society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [noun] > political economy > states or trends of the economy

inflation1821

economic cycle1832

recovery1843

downdraught1852

perfect competition1853

downturn1858

softness1872

slump1888

downtrend1890

sag1891

under-consumption1895

recession1905

downdrift1906

economic recession1908

air pocket1913

stickiness1913

trough1916

deflation1920

downswing1922

slowdown1922

scissors1924

scissors crisis1925

uptrend1926

reflation1932

depresh1933

upswing1934

stagnation1938

countercycle1944

fiscal cliff1957

turn-down1957

stagflation1965

soft landing1973

slumpflation1974

downer1976

1922 Washington Post 30 July 23/4 It is undeniable that there has been a slowdown of some extent, but the slowdown has not approached, in the slightest degree, the measure of disaster that was forecast.

1957 Economist 28 Dec. 1132/1 At least 5,000 employees in lead-zinc mines and smelters..have lost their jobs this year... The slow-down extends even to the largest and most diversified producers.

1977 J. W. Kendrick Understanding Productivity iv. 35 The factors explaining the 1966–69 slowdown also help to explain why productivity advance recovered..during the final complete subperiod.

2014 Wall St. Jrnl. 9 Dec. c2/1 In past slowdowns, the central bank..has lowered reserve requirements to boost credit.

3. Chiefly U.S. A form of industrial protest in which work is carried out at a deliberately slow pace. Cf. go-slow n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > working > labour relations > [noun] > protest > forms of

rattening1828

polytechnic1835

restriction1852

lockout1853

ca'canny1896

restrictive practice1896

go-slow1920

hartal1920

lock-in1920

working to rule1920

work-to-rule1920

cacannyism1921

job actionc1926

slowdown1926

gherao1967

work-in1967

work-to-contract1969

sick-out1970

sick-in1974

siege action1977

1926 W. Lewis Art of being Ruled i. ii. 11 The pace would certainly slacken. Sabotage and slowdown would be the rule.

1937 Daily Progress (Charlottesville, Va.) 16 Apr. 1/5 An official of the U.A.W.A. said the objective of workers in a slow-down was to ‘try to see how little they can do without actually stopping work entirely’.

1980 A. Coppel Hastings Conspiracy xxviii. 184 The switchboard operators are starting a slow-down over wages.

2017 Commentary Apr. 23/2 Workers discussed how to use internal grievance procedures to gum up the works and coordinate slowdowns on the job.

B. adj. (attributive).

1. Chiefly U.S. Designating a form of industrial protest in which work is carried out at a deliberately slow pace; of, relating to, or characterized by such action. Cf. sense A. 3.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > working > labour relations > [adjective] > type of protest

ca'canny1896

go-slow1902

go-easy1916

slowdown1919

work-to-rule1920

1919 Daily Mail 10 Dec. 5/2 Officially the company has no knowledge that an ‘irritation’ or slow-down strike is in progress.

1962 in Decisions & Orders National Labor Relations Board (U.S.) (1963) 136 82 To obtain the contract terms sought by the Union the employees should..engage in a slowdown movement.

2015 Jrnl. Commerce (Nexis) 24 Feb. The ILWU has denied that it engaged in slowdown action, saying the real culprits of congestion are..high volume and the inability of terminals to handle larger vessels.

2. Of, relating to, or characterized by the action of slowing down in speed; spec. Basketball designating a stalling tactic in which a team tries to take as much time as possible with each possession of the ball in order to safeguard a lead.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > spending time > [adjective] > wasting time

lose-time1603

time-wasting1626

foozling1857

slowdown1958

1958 Aviation Week 20 Oct. 63/1 While speedup and slow-down rates were substantial, transition was unusually smooth.

1981 Washington Star 14 Jan. f4/2 The University of the District of Columbia barely overcame the visitors' slow-down tactics and escaped with a bizarre 28–27 victory last night at D.C. Armory.

1997 Chicago Tribune 14 Dec. iii. 9/1 Karl Malone scored 23 points as host Utah survived Dallas' slow-down offense in the lowest-scoring NBA game this season.

2017 telegraph.co.uk (Nexis) 1 Oct. Even though the race has ended, caution still needs to be exercised by all drivers on the slow-down lap.

3. Esp. with reference to business or economics: of, relating to, or characterized by a decline in growth, productivity, or demand.

ΚΠ

1959 Financial World (N.Y.) 1 July 10/1 (headline) Merchant ship replacement program is in a slow-down phase and new business has fallen far short of tonnage launched.

1965 P. M. Mazur Dynamics Econ. Growth i. 21 It is likely to command even greater attention in the period ahead if, as expected, the fast-growth defense sector enters a slowdown phase.

1986 Internat. Affairs Sept. 45 The slowdown trend does not mean, however, that from now on the productive forces of US society will be heading towards a full stop.

2020 Financial Express (New Delhi) (Electronic ed.) 18 Aug. The flow of credit continues to decelerate as the economy remains in slowdown mode and bankers stay cautious.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	slowdown
释义	slowdownn.adj. Brit. /ˈsləʊdaʊn/, U.S. /ˈsloʊˌdaʊn/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: slow v., down adv. Etymology: < slow v. + down adv., after to slow down at slow v. Phrasal verbs. Compare earlier slow-up n. Originally U.S. A. n. 1. The action or process of slowing down in speed; an instance of slowing down in speed. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > rate of motion > [noun] > decreasing rate of movement or progress relent1580 slowing1598 slowing up1868 slowing down1870 slow-up1874 slowdown1882 deceleration1897 slack1899 slow1954 1882 Daily Republican-Sentinel (Milwaukee, Wisconsin) 4 Oct. 3/2 The New York Shore Line Express runs the forty-four miles between Boston and Providence in 54½ minutes, making one stop and one slow-down. 1949 Mod. Railroads Oct. 48/1 With heavy freights this slowdown on an ascending 2.2 percent grade was always a hazard to breaking of drawbars. 1973 Nature 3 Aug. 260/1 The observed evolutionary slowdown in higher primates may simply be the consequence of progressive prolongation of their generation time. 1978 Sci. Amer. July 28/2 Energy is required, for example, to accelerate the vehicle from traffic stops and slowdowns. 2015 Science 20 Feb. 819/2 The result is a slowdown of the jet stream. 2. An economic recession; a decline in growth, productivity, or demand. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > business affairs > [noun] > falling off of business slowdown1922 society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [noun] > political economy > states or trends of the economy inflation1821 economic cycle1832 recovery1843 downdraught1852 perfect competition1853 downturn1858 softness1872 slump1888 downtrend1890 sag1891 under-consumption1895 recession1905 downdrift1906 economic recession1908 air pocket1913 stickiness1913 trough1916 deflation1920 downswing1922 slowdown1922 scissors1924 scissors crisis1925 uptrend1926 reflation1932 depresh1933 upswing1934 stagnation1938 countercycle1944 fiscal cliff1957 turn-down1957 stagflation1965 soft landing1973 slumpflation1974 downer1976 1922 Washington Post 30 July 23/4 It is undeniable that there has been a slowdown of some extent, but the slowdown has not approached, in the slightest degree, the measure of disaster that was forecast. 1957 Economist 28 Dec. 1132/1 At least 5,000 employees in lead-zinc mines and smelters..have lost their jobs this year... The slow-down extends even to the largest and most diversified producers. 1977 J. W. Kendrick Understanding Productivity iv. 35 The factors explaining the 1966–69 slowdown also help to explain why productivity advance recovered..during the final complete subperiod. 2014 Wall St. Jrnl. 9 Dec. c2/1 In past slowdowns, the central bank..has lowered reserve requirements to boost credit. 3. Chiefly U.S. A form of industrial protest in which work is carried out at a deliberately slow pace. Cf. go-slow n. 2. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > working > labour relations > [noun] > protest > forms of rattening1828 polytechnic1835 restriction1852 lockout1853 ca'canny1896 restrictive practice1896 go-slow1920 hartal1920 lock-in1920 working to rule1920 work-to-rule1920 cacannyism1921 job actionc1926 slowdown1926 gherao1967 work-in1967 work-to-contract1969 sick-out1970 sick-in1974 siege action1977 1926 W. Lewis Art of being Ruled i. ii. 11 The pace would certainly slacken. Sabotage and slowdown would be the rule. 1937 Daily Progress (Charlottesville, Va.) 16 Apr. 1/5 An official of the U.A.W.A. said the objective of workers in a slow-down was to ‘try to see how little they can do without actually stopping work entirely’. 1980 A. Coppel Hastings Conspiracy xxviii. 184 The switchboard operators are starting a slow-down over wages. 2017 Commentary Apr. 23/2 Workers discussed how to use internal grievance procedures to gum up the works and coordinate slowdowns on the job. B. adj. (attributive). 1. Chiefly U.S. Designating a form of industrial protest in which work is carried out at a deliberately slow pace; of, relating to, or characterized by such action. Cf. sense A. 3. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > working > labour relations > [adjective] > type of protest ca'canny1896 go-slow1902 go-easy1916 slowdown1919 work-to-rule1920 1919 Daily Mail 10 Dec. 5/2 Officially the company has no knowledge that an ‘irritation’ or slow-down strike is in progress. 1962 in Decisions & Orders National Labor Relations Board (U.S.) (1963) 136 82 To obtain the contract terms sought by the Union the employees should..engage in a slowdown movement. 2015 Jrnl. Commerce (Nexis) 24 Feb. The ILWU has denied that it engaged in slowdown action, saying the real culprits of congestion are..high volume and the inability of terminals to handle larger vessels. 2. Of, relating to, or characterized by the action of slowing down in speed; spec. Basketball designating a stalling tactic in which a team tries to take as much time as possible with each possession of the ball in order to safeguard a lead. ΘΚΠ the world > time > spending time > [adjective] > wasting time lose-time1603 time-wasting1626 foozling1857 slowdown1958 1958 Aviation Week 20 Oct. 63/1 While speedup and slow-down rates were substantial, transition was unusually smooth. 1981 Washington Star 14 Jan. f4/2 The University of the District of Columbia barely overcame the visitors' slow-down tactics and escaped with a bizarre 28–27 victory last night at D.C. Armory. 1997 Chicago Tribune 14 Dec. iii. 9/1 Karl Malone scored 23 points as host Utah survived Dallas' slow-down offense in the lowest-scoring NBA game this season. 2017 telegraph.co.uk (Nexis) 1 Oct. Even though the race has ended, caution still needs to be exercised by all drivers on the slow-down lap. 3. Esp. with reference to business or economics: of, relating to, or characterized by a decline in growth, productivity, or demand. ΚΠ 1959 Financial World (N.Y.) 1 July 10/1 (headline) Merchant ship replacement program is in a slow-down phase and new business has fallen far short of tonnage launched. 1965 P. M. Mazur Dynamics Econ. Growth i. 21 It is likely to command even greater attention in the period ahead if, as expected, the fast-growth defense sector enters a slowdown phase. 1986 Internat. Affairs Sept. 45 The slowdown trend does not mean, however, that from now on the productive forces of US society will be heading towards a full stop. 2020 Financial Express (New Delhi) (Electronic ed.) 18 Aug. The flow of credit continues to decelerate as the economy remains in slowdown mode and bankers stay cautious. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1882
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