acephalin.

Brit.

/(ˌ)eɪˈsɛfəlʌɪ/,

/(ˌ)eɪˈsɛfl̩ʌɪ/,

/(ˌ)eɪˈkɛfəlʌɪ/,

/(ˌ)eɪˈkɛfl̩ʌɪ/, U.S.

/eɪˈsɛfəlaɪ/

Forms:

α. Old English acephalorum (genitive), 1500s– acephali.

β. 1600s acephaloi.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin acephali, acephalus.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin acephali (plural) members of a sect with no acknowledged leaders (6th cent.), priests not subordinate to a bishop (a636 in Isidore), people with no feudal superior except the king (12th cent. in a British source), (imaginary) race of headless people (1566 or earlier), use as noun of masculine plural of classical Latin acephalus (see acephalous adj.). Compare ancient Greek ἀκέϕαλοι (plural) mythical creatures without heads, in Byzantine Greek also members of a sect with no acknowledged leaders (6th cent.). With sense 1b compare earlier acephal n. 1.In β. forms after the ancient Greek plural ἀκέϕαλοι. In Old English in an isolated attestation used with Latin case inflections (see quot. OE at sense 1a). The word was apparently reborrowed in the 16th cent., and there is no continuity of use with the Old English. N.E.D. (1884) gives the pronunciation as (ăse·făləi) /əˈsɛfəlaɪ/.

With plural agreement.

†a. Priests who are not subject to the authority of a bishop. Also: bishops who are not subject to the authority of a metropolitan or archbishop. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

OE tr. Chrodegang of Metz Regula Canonicorum (Corpus Cambr. 191) lxiii. 303 Twa cynrynu preosta synt: an is mynsterlicra, þe under bisceopes gymene wuniað; oðer is acephalorum, þæt is heafodleas [L. acephalorum, id est sine capite]; nyton hwæm hi folgiað.

1565 A. Nowell Reproufe f. 114^v Acephali..are those who be subject to no Prelate.

1707 Phillips's New World of Words Acephali Sacerdotes, Priests that own no Bishop over them, Independent Ministers.

1751 Chambers's Cycl. (ed. 7) (at cited word) The name Acephali is sometimes applied to such priests, or bishops, as are exempted from the discipline and jurisdiction of their ordinary bishop or patriarch.

1874 J. H. Blunt Dict. Sects 3/2 Acephali,..all priests refusing allegiance to their diocesans, or suffragan bishops rebelling against their metropolitans.

b. Church History. With capital initial. A group of extreme Monophysites who seceded from the main body in the 5th cent., acknowledging no leaders and rejecting episcopal control. Also in singular, in form Acephalus: a member of such a group. Cf. Acephalian n.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Acephali > [noun]

acephala1387

acephali1567

1567 T. Stapleton Counterblast ii. xix. f. 171^v Deceiued by Theodorus of the secte of Acephali.

1635 A. Gil Sacred Philos. Holy Script. ii. xxiv. 195 The heresies concerning the proprieties of the Mediator..The Acephali or headlesse, because they had neither bishops, nor priests.

1642 Bp. J. Taylor Of Sacred Order Episcopacy 333 Why are they called Acephali? Nicephorus gives this reason, and withall a very particular account of their heresy... They refused to live under Bishops.

1707 Phillips's New World of Words Acephali, a sort of Hereticks, whose first Ring-leader is unknown.

1790 G. Gregory Hist. Christian Church I. 240 A determination of the Emperor to condemn the sect of the Acephali.

1837 Pop. Encycl. V. 37/1 In 483, the Acephali..had already seceded, and formed the real strength of Monophysitism.

1871 J. Wills & F. Wills Irish Nation (1876) I. 70 Theodore..suggested that the Acephali would return to the church.

1907 W. G. Holmes Age Justinian & Theodora II. xiv. 679 Liberatus..says he was an Acephalus.

1936 Harvard Theol. Rev. 29 241 Evidence for the authority of the Revealed Creed appears in..the Acts of the synod..against the Acephali.

1999 16th Cent. Jrnl. 30 719 The Acephali and other Monophysites.

2. An (imaginary) race of headless people.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > mythical creature or object > [noun] > fabulous or mythical human > miscellaneous (types of)

walkyrieeOE

woodwosea1100

mugglingc1275

Sciapodes1568

Arimasp1579

acephali1600

hyperborean1601

Arimaspian1667

golem1732

Lorelei1878

menehune1895

1600 Abp. G. Abbot Expos. Prophet Ionah 209 Some such things were talked of, Acephali, men without heads, Cynocephali, men with heads like to dogs.

1668 H. More Divine Dialogues ii. xiii. 249 The Acephali..might be nothing but some strong hutch-back'd People.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. (at cited word) Though the existence of a nation of Acephali be ill warranted.

1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. I. ii. v. 111 The people of these unknown parts..are described as being of the race of the Acephali.

1864 J. R. Lowell Fireside Trav. 180 The Acephali, with whom Herodotus..wound up his climax of men with abnormal top-pieces.

1915 30th Ann. Rep. Bureau Amer. Ethnol. 1908–9 364 An old Indian at Carichana..had seen these acephali with his own eyes.

2006 J. P. A. Sell Rhetoric & Wonder 75 The problem is how to believe a man who claims to have seen..acephali.

†3. English History. With capital initial. During the reign of Henry I: a group of free socagers having no feudal superior except the king. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Acephali,..certain Levellers that acknowledg'd no Head or Superiour, mention'd in the Laws of K. Henry I.

1823 I. D'Israeli Curiosities of Lit. 2nd Ser. II. 269 That..party which so far back as in the laws of our Henry the First, are designated by the odd descriptive term of Acephali, a people without heads! the strange equality of levellers!

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	acephali
释义	acephalin. Brit. /(ˌ)eɪˈsɛfəlʌɪ/, /(ˌ)eɪˈsɛfl̩ʌɪ/, /(ˌ)eɪˈkɛfəlʌɪ/, /(ˌ)eɪˈkɛfl̩ʌɪ/, U.S. /eɪˈsɛfəlaɪ/ Forms: α. Old English acephalorum (genitive), 1500s– acephali. β. 1600s acephaloi. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin acephali, acephalus. Etymology: < post-classical Latin acephali (plural) members of a sect with no acknowledged leaders (6th cent.), priests not subordinate to a bishop (a636 in Isidore), people with no feudal superior except the king (12th cent. in a British source), (imaginary) race of headless people (1566 or earlier), use as noun of masculine plural of classical Latin acephalus (see acephalous adj.). Compare ancient Greek ἀκέϕαλοι (plural) mythical creatures without heads, in Byzantine Greek also members of a sect with no acknowledged leaders (6th cent.). With sense 1b compare earlier acephal n. 1.In β. forms after the ancient Greek plural ἀκέϕαλοι. In Old English in an isolated attestation used with Latin case inflections (see quot. OE at sense 1a). The word was apparently reborrowed in the 16th cent., and there is no continuity of use with the Old English. N.E.D. (1884) gives the pronunciation as (ăse·făləi) /əˈsɛfəlaɪ/. With plural agreement. 1. †a. Priests who are not subject to the authority of a bishop. Also: bishops who are not subject to the authority of a metropolitan or archbishop. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ OE tr. Chrodegang of Metz Regula Canonicorum (Corpus Cambr. 191) lxiii. 303 Twa cynrynu preosta synt: an is mynsterlicra, þe under bisceopes gymene wuniað; oðer is acephalorum, þæt is heafodleas [L. acephalorum, id est sine capite]; nyton hwæm hi folgiað. 1565 A. Nowell Reproufe f. 114^v Acephali..are those who be subject to no Prelate. 1707 Phillips's New World of Words Acephali Sacerdotes, Priests that own no Bishop over them, Independent Ministers. 1751 Chambers's Cycl. (ed. 7) (at cited word) The name Acephali is sometimes applied to such priests, or bishops, as are exempted from the discipline and jurisdiction of their ordinary bishop or patriarch. 1874 J. H. Blunt Dict. Sects 3/2 Acephali,..all priests refusing allegiance to their diocesans, or suffragan bishops rebelling against their metropolitans. b. Church History. With capital initial. A group of extreme Monophysites who seceded from the main body in the 5th cent., acknowledging no leaders and rejecting episcopal control. Also in singular, in form Acephalus: a member of such a group. Cf. Acephalian n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Acephali > [noun] acephala1387 acephali1567 1567 T. Stapleton Counterblast ii. xix. f. 171^v Deceiued by Theodorus of the secte of Acephali. 1635 A. Gil Sacred Philos. Holy Script. ii. xxiv. 195 The heresies concerning the proprieties of the Mediator..The Acephali or headlesse, because they had neither bishops, nor priests. 1642 Bp. J. Taylor Of Sacred Order Episcopacy 333 Why are they called Acephali? Nicephorus gives this reason, and withall a very particular account of their heresy... They refused to live under Bishops. 1707 Phillips's New World of Words Acephali, a sort of Hereticks, whose first Ring-leader is unknown. 1790 G. Gregory Hist. Christian Church I. 240 A determination of the Emperor to condemn the sect of the Acephali. 1837 Pop. Encycl. V. 37/1 In 483, the Acephali..had already seceded, and formed the real strength of Monophysitism. 1871 J. Wills & F. Wills Irish Nation (1876) I. 70 Theodore..suggested that the Acephali would return to the church. 1907 W. G. Holmes Age Justinian & Theodora II. xiv. 679 Liberatus..says he was an Acephalus. 1936 Harvard Theol. Rev. 29 241 Evidence for the authority of the Revealed Creed appears in..the Acts of the synod..against the Acephali. 1999 16th Cent. Jrnl. 30 719 The Acephali and other Monophysites. 2. An (imaginary) race of headless people. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > mythical creature or object > [noun] > fabulous or mythical human > miscellaneous (types of) walkyrieeOE woodwosea1100 mugglingc1275 Sciapodes1568 Arimasp1579 acephali1600 hyperborean1601 Arimaspian1667 golem1732 Lorelei1878 menehune1895 1600 Abp. G. Abbot Expos. Prophet Ionah 209 Some such things were talked of, Acephali, men without heads, Cynocephali, men with heads like to dogs. 1668 H. More Divine Dialogues ii. xiii. 249 The Acephali..might be nothing but some strong hutch-back'd People. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. (at cited word) Though the existence of a nation of Acephali be ill warranted. 1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. I. ii. v. 111 The people of these unknown parts..are described as being of the race of the Acephali. 1864 J. R. Lowell Fireside Trav. 180 The Acephali, with whom Herodotus..wound up his climax of men with abnormal top-pieces. 1915 30th Ann. Rep. Bureau Amer. Ethnol. 1908–9 364 An old Indian at Carichana..had seen these acephali with his own eyes. 2006 J. P. A. Sell Rhetoric & Wonder 75 The problem is how to believe a man who claims to have seen..acephali. †3. English History. With capital initial. During the reign of Henry I: a group of free socagers having no feudal superior except the king. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Acephali,..certain Levellers that acknowledg'd no Head or Superiour, mention'd in the Laws of K. Henry I. 1823 I. D'Israeli Curiosities of Lit. 2nd Ser. II. 269 That..party which so far back as in the laws of our Henry the First, are designated by the odd descriptive term of Acephali, a people without heads! the strange equality of levellers! This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.OE
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