| 释义 |
sirn. Etymology: Reduced form of sire sire n., the shortening being due to the absence of stress before the following name or appellation. The forms sore, sur(e may represent Old French sor or sieur, the oblique case of sire. Signification. I. Placed before a personal name to form a title. 1. society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > for knight 1297 (Rolls) 10822 Sir hubert de boru & oþere þat in prison were ido. c1386 G. Chaucer 6 (Lansd.) A knyht was faire and gent.., His name was sir Thopas. c1400 (?c1390) (1940) l. 387 Sir Gawan, so mot I þryue,..Þis dint þat þou schal dryue. c1440 (1908) 437 Sir Henry Beauford, Cardynall, and Bisshop of Winchestre. 1556 in J. G. Nichols (1852) 41 The lady Margarete Bowmer wyffe unto sir John Bowmer,..but she was the wyffe of one Cheyny, for he solde hare unto sir Bowmer. a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 93 in J. Ware (1633) [A grant] of New Castle to Sir Henry Harrington, and of..Fernes to Sir Thomas Masterson. 1627 G. Hakewill iii. ix. 253 Sir Drake whom well the worlds end knew. 1645 R. Symonds (1859) 217 Sir Nich. Kemys was governour when Gerard came. 1711 J. Addison No 112 ¶2 My Friend Sir Roger, being a good Churchman [etc.]. a1822 P. B. Shelley Peter Bell III vi, in (?1840) 244/1 He never read them;—with amaze I found Sir William Drummond had. 1899 J. P. Fitzpatrick (1900) 286 Sir Alfred Milner..commanded the entire confidence of the Uitlanders. the world > life > the body > sex organs > female sex organs > [noun] the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > [noun] > sexual intercourse 1699 B. E. Sir Timothy, one that Treats every Body, and Pays the Reckonings every where. 1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in II. 205 Sir Sydney, a clasp knife. a1825 R. Forby (1830) Sir Harry, a close-stool. 1937 ‘J. Curtis’ xvii. 175 She gives me plenty of the old Sir Berkeley, but she knows how to look after herself, I guess. society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > for historical person of rank c1330 R. Mannyng 24 Sen þe tyme of sir Noe. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) l. 4249 Sir putifar wel vndirstod þat ioseph was o gentil blod. c1400 (Horstm.) i. 215 Jasone, the gentile, With hys falow, schyr Hercules. c1440 xxx. 208 We will prese to Sir Pilate. a1505 R. Henryson Orpheus & Eurydice 116 in (1981) 136 At the last schir Orpheus couth heir. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil vii. v. 110 Schir Dardanus, born of this cuntre eik. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil iii. 46 Woorthye syr Æneas, why..teare you A caytiefe forlorne?.. I am namd syr Polydor. 1602 W. Shakespeare i. iii. 69 Shall I sir Panderowes of Troy become? a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) ii. i. 113 Goe thou like Sir Acteon. View more context for this quotation 1821 W. Scott III. vii. 117 The valiant Sir Pandarus of Troy. 1881 R. F. Burton tr. L. de Camoens iv. 23 The Oriental hordes..Wherewith Sir Xerxes crost the Hellespont. 3. society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > mock title 1362 W. Langland A. ii. 82 Þe Deede was a-selet, Be siht of sir Symoni. a1500 305 Schir drunkyiness þat syre doys no thing rycht. 1567 J. Jewel v. 561 Here, yee saie, ‘Sir Defender is pretily seene in humanitie’. 1581 T. Howell sig. C.iij Tyll syr Phebus beames shall lose their light. 1592 R. Greene sig. E2 Though the other youth beare the charges and was sir pay for all. 1600 W. Shakespeare i. i. 93 I am sir Oracle [1623 an Oracle], And when I ope my lips, let no dogge barke. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) ii. i. 291 This Sir Prudence, who Should not vpbraid our course. View more context for this quotation 1782 W. Cowper Hope in 161 Lowest at the board..sat Sir Smug. a1822 P. B. Shelley tr. J. W. von Goethe Scenes from Faust in (1824) 403 Does not Sir Mammon gloriously illuminate His palace for this festival. a1822 P. B. Shelley tr. J. W. von Goethe Scenes from Faust in (1824) 404 Sir Urean is sitting aloft in the air. 1879 Farrar in IX. 214 He suddenly confounds the highly self-satisfied Sir-oracle. the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [noun] > one who wears ragged or tattered clothing > types of society > authority > subjection > service > servant > [noun] > head of a company of servants society > society and the community > social class > the common people > low rank or condition > other people of low rank or condition > [noun] > ragamuffin 1764 in 7th Ser. XII. 29/1 Thomas Hunt, from Leicester (a Sir-Rag to a Waggoner), died at ye George. 1891 in 7th Ser. XII. 132/2 A dusty set of tatterdemalions..constantly attended fairs and race-courses, and these poor scarecrows used to be called in my young days ‘Sir-Rags’. 1891 in 7th Ser. XII. 132/2 In the Midland Counties..the chief of a band of servants or workers, a foreman or overseer,..is the ‘sir-rag’. 1891 in 7th Ser. XII. 133/1 Sometimes he or she is the ‘head sir-rag’, or, as some put it, ‘head sir-rag, chief cork and bottle-washer’. 1901 J. Prior ii. 18 He looks at a body as if he were head Sir Rag. society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > priest > [noun] c1386 G. Chaucer 44 Com neer thou preest, com hyder thou sir Iohn. c1425 Wyntoun vii. vii. 207 Kynge Henry..wrat richt reuerendly Til þe pape Schir Adryane. 1450 J. Fastolf in (2005) III. 108 Ser John Buk, parson of Stratford, physshed my stankys at Dedham. 1511–12 in H. Littlehales (1905) 277 To sir Robert for Candell to sey his matens in the mornynges. 1554 H. Hilarie sig. Aviij My smered Chaplens..I make them to be called Syrs euery one. 1573 J. Tyrie (title) The Refvtation of ane Ansver made be Schir Iohne Knox, to ane letter, send be Iames Tyrie. 1599 sig. F3 Well preacht sir Iacke, downe with your staffe. 1653 R. Baxter 30 Most would have a Masse-Priest or Reading Sir John, that would humour them for a little. society > education > educational administration > university administration > taking degree or graduation > [noun] > degree holder 1557 in J. Lamb (1838) 229 Mr Turner, Father, Syr Whytgyfte the bachelor, Syr Bryges the eldest son. 1575 in T. Fowler (1893) 150 Too Sr huker of Corpus christie college in Oxforde. 1614 J. Selden 54 How Dominus..is now familiar for Sir to euery Batchelor of Art in the Schools, all men know. 1655 T. Fuller ix. 71 Hall and his Popish faction (whereof Mr. Potto, Mr. Binnion, and Sr. Appleby the Leaders) opposed his admission. 1690 S. Sewall 2 July (1973) I. 261 Sir Mather in England yet had a Degree conferred on him. 1714 in Aubrey (1814) I. 294 Pray, Sir, will you do so much as send to Sir Wilkinson of Queen's? 1763 in B. Peirce (1833) 234 (Cent. Dict.) That Sir Sewall, B.A., be the Instructor in the Hebrew and other learned languages for three years. 1822 R. Nares at Sir At the Universities..a bachelor, who in the books stood Dominus Brown, was in conversation called Sir Brown. This was in use in some colleges even in my memory. II. As a respectful term of address, and related uses. 6. the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous forms of address or title > [noun] > title > for a man > used with profession 1297 (Rolls) 10282 Sir king,..we beþ icome fram verre londe iwis. 1297 (Rolls) 10309 Nou sir clerc, quaþ þe king, ȝe mowe þretni ynou. c1330 757 Sir knight,..Whi seystow euer nay? c1400 6390 Sir Preest, in shrift I telle it thee, That he..Hath me assoiled. 14.. 10 Sir Doctour of Phisyke.., Telle us a tale. c1440 xxx. 211 Sir Knyghtis [sc. Roman soldiers], þat are curtayse and kynde. 1591 E. Spenser Prosopopoia in 589 Ah! sir Mule, now blessed be the day [etc.]. 1591 E. Spenser Prosopopoia in 1033 Nay (said the Foxe) Sir Ape, you are astray. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iii. iv. 264 I am one, that had rather go with sir Priest, then sir knight . View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) i. ii. 137 Come (Sir Page) Looke on me with your Welkin eye. View more context for this quotation 1794 A. Radcliffe IV. vi. 111 ‘Sir knight,’ replied the Baron, ‘how is it possible..’? 1820 W. Scott III. viii. 209 Saint Mary! what call you yon, Sir Monk? 1842 Ld. Tennyson Morte d'Arthur in (new ed.) II. 11 Sir King, I closed mine eyelids, lest the gems Should blind my purpose. 1866 C. Kingsley I. iv. 138 Now, then, Sir Priest,..go on with your story. 1939 30 Sept. 7/8 We stand here today to watch you, sir knights, just in friendly tournament. 1977 19 Jan. 2/4 The Officers and Sir Knights of the United Sons of Ulster R.B.P. 1041, regret the death of the Sister of their esteemed Sir Knight Robert Scott, P.M. the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > discourtesy > [noun] > contemptuous title c1386 G. Chaucer (Harl.) 242 Sir [v.r. Sire] olde lecchour, let thi japes be. a1529 J. Skelton (1843) 101 Syr skyrgalyard, ye were so skyt [etc.]. 1591 i. sig. C2 v Lymoges. Good words sir sauce, your betters are in place. Bastard. Not you sir doughtie with your Lions case. 1600 W. Shakespeare v. i. 83 Come sir boy, come follow me Sir boy, ile whip you from your foyning fence. View more context for this quotation 1760 L. Sterne II. ii. 10 So, Sir Critick, I could have replied; but I scorn it. 1825 W. Scott Betrothed xiii, in II. 275 ‘How, sir knave’ said the King, angrily, ‘is it for such as thou to dictate to our judgment..?’ 7. society > authority > [noun] > those in authority > person in authority > term of address for the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous forms of address or title > [noun] > for a man 1320–30 721 Sir, miȝtestow hold him to þi nede,..Batayle miȝt þou bide. c1480 (a1400) St. Agnes 102 in W. M. Metcalfe (1896) II. 349 Certis, gud sir, maryt ame I. a1500 (a1460) (1994) I. iv. 55 Hir answere bese belife, ‘Nay, sir!’ 1509 J. Fisher (de Worde) sig. Bv But ye wyll say vnto me, Syr yf we were sure of this we wolde not be sory. 1535 Ruth ii. 13 She sayde: let me fynde fauoure (syr) before thyne eyes. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) i. ii. 57 The Sadler had it Sir, I kept it not. View more context for this quotation 1638 W. Chillingworth i. ii. 97 For Gods sake, Sr, tell me plainly. 1662 E. Stillingfleet Ded. 11 You see, Sir, to what an unexpected length my desire to vindicate [etc.]. 1709 R. Steele No. 45 I heard a Voice cry, Sir, Sir!—This raised my Curiosity. 1794 A. Radcliffe IV. vi. 91 ‘Dear sir!’ said Henri, ‘here is an arm-chair..massy with gilding.’ 1839 C. Dickens viii. 69 ‘Third boy, what's a horse?’ ‘A beast, Sir,’ replied the boy. 1849 W. M. Thackeray (1850) I. x. 95 ‘Sir to you,’ said Mr. Foker, politely. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher ‘Aye, aye, sir,’ is the well~known answer from seamen. 1873 3rd Ser. 31 July 1389/1 I rise, Sir,..to make the Indian Financial Statement. 1899 R. Kipling 108 Please, sir, what am I to do about prep.? a1930 D. H. Lawrence (1968) 25 Please Sir, do tortoises bite? 1955 E. Blishen i. 31 ‘The cane,’ said Sims vaguely. ‘Sir can't,’ said Pottell... ‘Is it because you're too young, sir?’ 1974 ‘J. le Carré’ xiv. 118 ‘Sir, please sir, I think he's to do with the church, sir,’ said Cole Slaw. ‘I saw him, talking to Wells Fargo, sir, after the service.’ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous forms of address or title > [noun] > for a man > for men the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > cry or exclamation > [interjection] > other specific cries or exclamations 1459 V. 369/2 Sirres, be mery, for yet we have moo frendis. c1500 Adam Bel cxiv, in F. J. Child (1888) III. v. 27/2 Good syrs, of whens be ye? c1540 (?a1400) 4907 Þerfore, sirs,..Let make vs a message. 1678 E. Ravenscroft iv. 46 Goodly, Sirs,..I shou'd have sworn it had been my Master Antonio. 1766 J. Fordyce II. vii. 42 Have you forgotten, Sirs, that what they see you admire,..they will be induced to think..worthy of admiration? 1816 W. Scott Old Mortality x, in 1st Ser. IV. 239 ‘But eh, sirs,’ she continued,..‘Eh, sirs! ye're sair altered, hinny.’ 1825 J. Jamieson Suppl. Sirs, interj., a common mode of address to a number of persons, although of both sexes; often pron. q. Sirce. 1894 S. R. Crockett x. 96 Eh, sirce, but there's mony wonderfu' things in the warld. the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous forms of address or title > [noun] > for a man > in correspondence 1425 W. Paston in (2004) I. 3 Right worthy and worshepefull ser.] ?1472 E. Paston in (2004) I. 635 Syr [e] , I recummawnd me to ȝow. 1535 T. Starkey Let. 15 Feb. in (1878) i. p. xiii Syr, I most hertely commend me vn to you. 1568 (1872) 73 His supplicatioun..:—Schirris, baillies, counsale, and communite of the burgh. 1628 J. Ussher Let. to Sir R. Cotton in H. Ellis (1843) (Camden) 138 Deare Sir, I know not who should beginne first [etc.]. 1655 in (Camden) 300 Which I shall desire you to keepe for ye use of, Sir, Your..humble seruant, Robert Phelipps. 1745 J. Elton Let. 7 Feb. in J. Hanway (1753) II. viii. 37 Sirs, I have been acquainted with your resolutions of August last. 1789 R. Burns 4 May (2001) I. 404 My dear Sir, Your duty-free Favor..I received two days ago. 1822 C. Lamb 7 Dec. Dear Sir, I should like the enclosed Dedication to be printed. 1861 Brewster in Mrs. Gordon (1869) xix. 345 Sir,—I have only this moment seen..an advertisement of your picture [etc.]. 8. the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > discourtesy > [noun] > contemptuous title > form of address 1592 ‘C. Cony-Catcher’ sig. D4 v I..account the no honest man.., for sir know, I haue learnt your pettegree. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) i. i. 72 Well sir, get you in. I will not long be troubled with you. View more context for this quotation a1640 P. Massinger (1658) ii. ii. 21 Lacy. By the City custom Madam? Lady. Yes my young Sir. 1675 R. Baxter ii. xiii. 283 Sir, the City ringeth of you as one that greatly wrongeth the cause of God. 1782 in (1809) IV. 119 Sir! in a surly tone, [signifies] a box on the ear at your service!—to a dog it means a good beating. 1823 W. Scott III. iv. 94 Sir, this is either a very great mistake, or wilful impertinence... I am Captain Jekyl, sir. 1855 J. D. Burn iii. 44 His uniform manner of addressing me was, by the withering and degrading title of ‘sir!’ 1861 ‘G. Eliot’ ix. 141 I've been too good a father to you all... But I shall pull up, sir. the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > rebuke or reproof > rebukes [phrase] > terms used in 1768 L. Sterne I. 38 Figure to yourself, my dear Sir, that in giving you a chaise which would fall to pieces before you had got half way to Paris..how much I should suffer. 1776 42 89 It is usual, we are told, with the Scots..to address the person with whom they converse by the appellation My dear Sir. 1825 R. P. Ward II. xxvi. 238 ‘And, indeed, my dear Sir—’ ‘I won't be Sir'd,’ cried the Doctor. 1893 G. B. Shaw ii. iii. 43 Sartorius: Will you excuse me for ten minutes? Cokane: My dear sir!—Trench: Certainly. 1983 A. Venters xiii. 122 ‘You must have something to eat, my dear sir,’ he cried. the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [phrase] > rendering outstanding 1799 8 Aug. Yes Sir! and [France] has been successful beyond any former experience. 1889 ‘C. E. Craddock’ 40 Yes, sir... None like 'em now. 1929 W. Faulkner ii. v. 124 ‘Yes sir,’ he repeated, ‘he's sure some joker.’ 1942 J. B. Priestley in 3 Oct. 2 I could take it and I could dish it out. Yes, Sir! the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous forms of address or title > [noun] > for woman 1578 G. Whetstone iv. vii. sig. Eivv [To Dalia.] Ah syr, you would, be like, let my Cocke Sparrowes goe. 1619 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher ii. sig. D2v Spa. Send away your other women... Pan. Sirs leaue me all. a1625 J. Fletcher Pilgrim ii. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher (1647) sig. Gggggv/1 Jul. Would you know o' me sir? Al. O' thee sir: I, o' thee sir: What art thou sir? 1688 J. Crowne ii. 29 Barzana [to her confidante, Oronte]. How ill you dress me, Sir? 1818 S. E. Ferrier I. ii. 22 ‘And ye tu, bonny Sir,’ (addressing Lady Juliana..). 10. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > fame or renown > famous or eminent person > [noun] society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > [noun] > person of > man of rank a1400 3567 Whos hed it was my seres aske? c1500 Young Children's Bk. (Ashm. 61) in (2002) i. 21 Wer-euer þou commys, speke honestly To ser or dame. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay i. xvii. 20 Taking with him to accompanie him the sir of S. Veran. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iii. iv. 72 A sad face, a reuerend carriage,..in the habite of some Sir of note. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) i. vi. 161 A Lady to the worthiest Sir, that euer Country call'd his. View more context for this quotation 1698 J. Fryer 45 In one of their open Pagods..stands a Venerable Sir at the upper end. 1703 N. Rowe ii. ii A talking Sir that brawls for him in Taverns. 1740 S. Richardson II. 354 On Tuesday Morning, my dear Sir rode out, attended by Abraham. 1847 Ld. Tennyson Concl. 163 Why don't these acred Sirs Throw up their parks some dozen times a year? 1854 R. W. Emerson Poetry & Imag. in Our little sir, from his first tottering steps,..does not like to be practised upon. 1922 W. J. Locke i. 9 A proud old Anglo-Indian family, all Generals and Colonels and Sirs and Ladies. 1952 ‘W. Cooper’ iv. i. 202 Albert thought..there must be a connection between Jameson's appointments and his becoming a Sir. 1974 P. Gore-Booth 374 I argued hard and explicitly on behalf of my diplomatic colleagues because becoming a ‘Sir’ is one of the tools of the trade. society > education > teaching > teacher > schoolteacher or schoolmaster > [noun] 1955 [see sense 7a]. 1961 1 Dec. 7/2 [The] users will be grateful to Sir for providing..a smashing set of answers. 1968 L. Berg 16 ‘Miss said no one should come in the class during the dinnertimes.’ 1973 20 Mar. 17/3 I would like to subject some of the ‘misses’ and some of the ‘sirs’ to the indignities and fears that they have heaped upon my kids. 1980 31 Mar. 10/3 Sir never repeated any part of a question. society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > parson > [noun] 1591 E. Spenser Prosopopoia in 390 But this good Sir did follow the plaine word. 1869 J. C. Atkinson 74/2 ‘Here's t' sir cumman’ = Here's the clergyman coming. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online June 2022). sirv. the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous forms of address or title > address with courteous title [verb (transitive)] > address a man 1576 R. Peterson tr. G. della Casa (1892) 47 He that is wont to be (Sird) and likewise (Sirreth) other. 1600 A. Munday et al. sig. C3 Sum. Sir, I brought it not my lord to eate. Harp. O, do you sir me now? 1722 D. Defoe i. ii. 72 Be plain, and speak freely; don't worship me and sir me now. 1747 S. Richardson I. vii. 43 My brother and sister..Sirr'd-him up. 1806–7 179 Learn..To frown importance while they cap and sir ye. 1861 P. Leys v. 94 In his kind and sincere way he sirred some cabman, porter, or poor man. 1890 L. C. D'Oyle 8 ‘I don't know, sir, I'm sure,’ said the stranger... ‘Don't sir me! don't you know my name?’ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous forms of address or title > use courteous title in address [verb (intransitive)] 1798 R. Southey 7 Sir-ing and Madam-ing as civilly As if the road between the heart and lips Were..a weary and Laplandish way. Derivatives the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous forms of address or title > [noun] > for a man > use of 'sir' 1836 W. E. Forster in T. W. Reid (1888) I. 76 [He is] remarkably civil to me, and he gives me such quantities of sirrings—that is, he says sir so often. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.1297 v.1576 |
