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单词 booby
释义

boobyn.1

Brit. /ˈbuːbi/, U.S. /ˈbubi/
Forms:

α. 1600s bobie, 1600s boobee, 1600s– boobie, 1600s– booby, 1700s boobey, 1800s– bubby (English regional (north-east midlands)).

β. (in representations of Welsh English) 1600s pobbie, 1600s pobie, 1600s poobie, 1600s pooby.

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Probably an imitative or expressive formation.
Etymology: Origin uncertain. It is possible that the senses (a) ‘childish or foolish person’, (b) ‘seabird’, and (c) ‘carriage’, ‘cell’ reflect three different words of independent origin. In sense 1 probably originally a nursery word (compare -y suffix6); compare babe n., baby n., bub n.7, bubby n.3, and perhaps also boo n.3 In sense 2 perhaps after Spanish bobo (adjective) stupid, (noun) fool (a1490), booby bird (a1557; see bob v.1); with booby bird at sense 2 compare Spanish pájaro bobo, lit. ‘stupid bird’, with reference to various bird species, including those of the genus Sula (a1557 in this sense).In sense 3 short for booby-hutch n., booby hut n. at Compounds 2, or booby-hack n. at Compounds 2, which may show a first element of independent origin: compare the discussion at booby-hutch n. In sense 4 short for booby prize n. In sense 5 short for booby-hutch n. or booby hatch n. With sense 1 compare slightly earlier uses as the name of a clown character in a play and (probably) the name of a song or dance:1595 G. Peele Old Wiues Tale sig. B4v Enter Huanebango with his two hand sword, and Booby the Clowne.1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. K2v No vulgar respects haue I, what Hoppenny Hoe & his fellow Hankin Booby thinke of mee. The word is apparently not connected to German Bube boy (see bub n.5). Apparently attested earlier as a surname, e.g. Johannes Boby (1379), Willelmus Bobi (1379), Richard Boby (1387), etc.
1.
a. A childish, foolish, inept, or blundering person; (also) (chiefly English regional) a person (esp. a child) who cries readily, a crybaby. Now colloquial.In early use apparently particularly associated with Welsh English; quot. 1602 and quot. 1603 at Compounds 1 both occur in representations of the speech of Welsh characters, and cf. also the early β. forms.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > stupid person, dolt, blockhead > lout, oaf, booby > [noun]
lubber1362
looby1377
howfing?a1513
slouch?1518
bowberta1522
knuckylbonyarda1529
lob1533
lout1548
patch1549
hoballa1556
lilburnea1556
lobcocka1556
chub1558
hick1565
lourd1579
peasant1581
clown1583
lubbard1586
lumberer1593
lump1597
blooterc1600
boobyc1600
lob-coat1604
hoy1607
bacon-brainsa1635
alcatote1638
oaf1638
kelf1665
brute1670
dowf1722
gawky1724
chuckle1731
chuckle-head1731
John Trott1753
stega1823
lummoxa1825
gawk1837
country jakea1854
guffin1862
galoot1866
stot1877
lobster1896
mutt1900
palooka1920
schlub1950
the mind > emotion > fear > cowardice or pusillanimity > [noun] > coward(s) > one who cries childishly
boobyc1600
cry-baby1882
c1600 Club Law (1907) i. iv. 5 Why, what a company of bobies were yee?
1602 T. Dekker Satiro-mastix sig. I3 I will lap this little Silde [i.e. child], this Booby in his blankets agen.
a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Custome of Countrey i. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Aa3/1 Cry you great booby.
1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 113. ⁋3 I bowed like a great surprised Booby.
1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1776 II. 35 Johnson: We work with our heads, and make the boobies of Birmingham work for us with their hands.
1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller I. 260 I was so awkward a booby that I dared scarcely speak to her.
1891 R. P. Chope Dial. Hartland, Devonshire 29 Booby, a big child given to crying.
1945 E. Waugh Brideshead Revisited i. viii. 189 ‘Poor simple monk,’ I thought, ‘poor booby.’
1959 I. Opie & P. Opie Lore & Lang. Schoolchildren x. 186 Gloucestershire children comment: you babby, big baby,..booby, [etc.].
2001 A. Solomon Noonday Demon (2002) iii. 137 I decided that anyone who could not remember those two sentences was a big booby, and with some effort I got the incompetent mystic back out of my house.
b. spec. A schoolchild singled out in a class, school, etc., as being the most lacking in ability or intelligence; a dunce. Now rare.
ΚΠ
1844 Age & Argus 7 Dec. 6/3 ‘What is light?’ asked a schoolmaster of the booby of a class.
1849 C. Brontë Shirley III. iv. 75 He was the booby of..grammar school.
a1854 Ld. Cockburn Memorials (1856) i. 4 I never got a single prize, and once sat boobie at the annual public examination.
1880 in Arkansas Hist. Q. (1953) 14 256 When I went into the upper school room I was astonished to see large boys standing on stools against the wall with cards around their heads marked ‘fool’, ‘booby’ or ‘dunce’.
1903 G. C. Eggleston First of Hoosiers viii. 162 He had written the word ‘miserable’ across each page of my copy-book... He had called me ‘dunce’, ‘booby’ and other pet names of like sort, and finally he had dismissed me from his school.
1975 M. J. Mirsky Secret Table 56 I felt so foolish and insignificant, a flunk out, class booby.
2. More fully booby bird. Any of various large tropical seabirds comprising (or formerly included in) the genus Sula (family Sulidae), which typically breed in colonies on islands and coastal regions, and have white, black, and brown plumage. Also with distinguishing word. Cf. Sula n.Abbott's booby, blue-footed booby, masked booby, red-footed booby: see the first element.Perhaps with reference to a reputation for stupidity; cf. e.g. quots. 1634, 1904 and see etymology.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Pelecaniformes > [noun] > family Sulidae (gannets) > member of (miscellaneous)
booby1625
malgas1731
takapu1842
blue-footed booby1888
the world > animals > birds > order Pelecaniformes > [noun] > family Sulidae (gannets) > sula bassana (gannet)
ganneta1000
solana1525
solanc1540
booby1625
gentleman1676
Sula1678
1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes I. iv. iv. 416 Of Fowles are Pellicans, white, as bigge as Swannes, with a large and long bill; Hearnes, Curlews, Boobies, Oxe-eyes, with diuers strange kindes of water-fowles.
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 10 One of the Saylers espying a Bird fitly called a Booby, hee mounted to the top-mast and tooke her. The foolish quality of which Bird is to sit still, not valuing danger.
1687 R. Blome Present State Isles & Territories Amer. 252 Then there is the Booby-bird, the blew-headed Parrot,..the Carlew, the Wood-Pigeon, &c.
1707 H. Sloane Voy. Islands I. 31 Boobies..so called of Seamen because they do not stir from you, but suffer themselves to be catch'd by the hand.
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Albitrosse... This is a thievish creature and principally feeds on the prey which another sea-bird, called the booby, provides for itself.
1819 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto II lxxxii. 160 At length they caught two boobies, and a noddy.
1875 A. J. Cupples Young Bright-eye iii. 48 It proved to be..a booby-bird..about the size of a large duck, with no trifle of a beak on its head.
1904 C. A. Reed N. Amer. Bird Eggs 57 Blue-faced Booby. Sula cyanops... Like the rest of the Gannets, this one is stupid and will often remain on the nest until removed with the hand, merely hissing at the intruder.
1940 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 22 Dec. a9/1 He..brought back rare specimens of blue-eyed Galapagos doves, iguanas, and the seldom-seen blue-footed booby bird.
1984 P. O'Brian Far Side of World iii. 91 On to the well-watered, tree-covered Cocos Island, inhabited by boobies and man-of-war birds.
2018 @Adagiosvoyge 6 Mar. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) We've had a hitch hiking bird on our bow rail all day. I think it's a brown booby.
3. U.S. A horse-drawn sleigh of a type particularly used in New England, having an enclosed body like that of a coach or brougham; = booby hut n. at Compounds 2. Sometimes also more fully: Boston booby. Now chiefly historical.In quot. 1833: apparently referring spec. to the enclosed body of such a vehicle.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles according to means of motion > vehicle moving on runners > [noun] > for transport of people
sled1590
sledge1617
traineau1653
sleigh1703
pulka1746
booby-hutch1766
Tom Pung1799
cutter1803
pung1804
kibitka1806
booby-hack1820
pulk1831
booby1841
sleigh-cutter1846
clipper-sled1883
1833 Boston Morning Post 2 Feb. A handsome booby hut, in good order, the booby English built, and the runners excellent.]
1841 Boston Morning Post 15 Dec. Bay horses, Barouch, Booby, Chaise and Harnesses.
1870 Boston Post 19 Nov. Two elegant new Boobies, nearly finished.
1916 Boston Sunday Globe 2 Jan. 23/1 Closing out sale of boobies and elegant double sleighs.
1980 Defiance (Ohio) Crescent News 26 June 6/1 Probably built in Boston about 140 years ago was the museum's new Booby Hut, or Boston Booby.
2003 Carriage Jrnl. Jan. 15/1 (caption) Col. Downing would identify this as a coach booby.
4. Chiefly North American. Short for booby prize n. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > [noun] > losing or defeat > booby-prize
mell1683
booby prize1884
booby1886
1886 Darlington (Wisconsin) Republican 22 Jan. Mrs. E. G. Barlow won the married ladies' booby and C. A. Blanchard the married gentleman's booby.
1904 Numurkah (Victoria) Leader 12 Aug. Gents booby was won by P. McGrane. There was a great contest between Mrs Edgar and Miss..Gunn for the ladies' booby prize.
1921 North Carolina Educ. Jan. 17/2 The booby was won by Miss Kelly, who had done more traveling over the county than any one else and should have known exactly where to place Jackson.
1989 Stonewall (Manitoba) Argus 22 Feb. 26/3 Men's first—Bill Richter; men's booby—Signi Peterson.
2000 Seguin (Texas) Gaz. Enterprise 12 Nov. 3 b/4 Dottie Peebles took second and booby was won by Ida Mae Fisher.
5. slang (originally Australian). A cell, a lock-up; a prison. Cf. boob n.1 2, booby hatch n. 2, booby-hutch n. 4. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun] > cell
houseOE
cabinc1522
hole1535
lodging1612
hold1717
cell1728
lock-up room1775
glory-hole1825
box1834
drum1846
sweat-box1870
booby-hutch1889
Peter1890
booby1899
boob1908
flowery dell1925
slot1947
1899 Cundagai (New S. Wales) Independent 26 July He said, ‘Put me in the —— Booby’; I then arrested him and charged him with using indecent language, and brought him to the lockup.
1914 Sydney Sportsman 25 Feb. 3/3 She gets three months in the Booby, And the kid are sent to school.
1938 F. D. Sharpe Sharpe of Flying Squad 329 Booby or Booby Hutch, the cell.

Phrases

slang. to beat the booby: to slap or rub one's hands over one's body, arms, etc., as a way of stimulating the circulation and warming oneself; cf. to beat goose at beat v.1 Phrases 1. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue at Cuff To cuff Jonas, said of one..who beats his sides to keep himself warm in frosty weather; called also beating the booby.
1862 Golden Fleece Gaz. 2 July 8/1Beating the booby’ is that method of warming oneself with the arms, so peculiar to London cabmen.
1883 Country Gentleman 20 Jan. 62/2 It was painfully cold to-day..; even ‘beating the booby’ failed to induce or keep up circulation.
1898 Morning Bull. (Rockhampton, Queensland) 11 Oct. 6/4 Parker, no doubt, thought he was beating his breast with the most repentant sinner on the whole penitent form, but to me he seemed to be merely ‘beating the booby’.

Compounds

C1. General attributive and appositive (in sense 1), as booby class, booby fool, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupidity, dullness of intellect > [adjective]
sloweOE
stuntc960
dullOE
hardOE
stuntlyc1000
sotc1050
dillc1175
dulta1225
simplea1325
heavy1340
astonedc1374
sheepishc1380
dull-witteda1387
lourd1390
steerishc1411
ass-likea1425
brainless?a1439
deafc1440
sluggishc1450
short-witted1477
obtuse1509
peakish1519
wearish1519
deaf, or dumb as a beetle1520
doileda1522
gross1526
headlessa1530
stulty1532
ass-headed1533
pot-headed1533
stupid?1541
sheep's head1542
doltish1543
dumpish1545
assish1548
blockish1548
slow-witted1548
blockheaded1549
surd1551
dull-headed1552
hammer-headed1552
skit-brained?1553
buzzardly1561
witless1562
log-headeda1566
assy1566
sottish1566
dastardly1567
stupidious1567
beetle-headed1570
calvish1570
bluntish1578
cod's-headed1578
grout-headed1578
bedaft1579
dull-pated1580
blate1581
buzzard-like1581
long-eared1582
dullard1583
woodena1586
duncical1588
leaden-headed1589
buzzard1592
dorbellical1592
dunstical1592
heavy-headeda1593
shallow-brained1592
blunt-witted1594
mossy1597
Bœotian1598
clay-brained1598
fat1598
fat-witted1598
knotty-pated1598
stupidous1598
wit-lost1599
barren1600
duncifiedc1600
lourdish1600
stockish1600
thick1600
booby1603
leaden-pated1603
partless1603
thin-headed1603
leaden-skulledc1604
blockhead1606
frost-brained1606
ram-headed1608
beef-witted1609
insulse1609
leaden-spirited1609
asininec1610
clumse1611
blockheadly1612
wattle-headed1613
flata1616
logger-headeda1616
puppy-headeda1616
shallow-patedc1616
thick-brained1619
half-headed1621
buzzard-blinda1625
beef-brained1628
toom-headed1629
thick-witted1634
woollen-witted1635
squirrel-headed1637
clod-pated1639
lean-souled1639
muddy-headed1642
leaden-witteda1645
as sad as any mallet1645
under-headed1646
fat-headed1647
half-witted1647
insipid1651
insulsate1652
soft-headed1653
thick-skulleda1657
muddish1658
non-intelligent1659
whey-brained1660
sap-headed1665
timber-headed1666
leather-headeda1668
out of (one's) tree1669
boobily1673
thoughtless1673
lourdly1674
logger1675
unintelligenta1676
Bœotic1678
chicken-brained1678
under-witted1683
loggerhead1684
dunderheaded1692
unintelligible1694
buffle-headed1697
crassicc1700
numbskulled1707
crassous1708
doddy-polled1708
haggis-headed1715
niddy-noddy1722
muzzy1723
pudding-headed1726
sumphish1728
pitcher-souleda1739
duncey1743
hebete1743
chuckheaded1756
dumb1756
duncely1757
imbecile1766
mutton-headed1768
chuckle-headed1770
jobbernowl1770
dowfarta1774
boobyish1778
wittol1780
staumrel1787
opaquec1789
stoopid1791
mud-headed1793
borné1795
muzzy-headed1798
nog-headed1800
thick-headed1801
gypit1804
duncish1805
lightweight1809
numbskull1814
tup-headed1816
chuckle-pate1820
unintellectuala1821
dense1822
ninnyish1822
dunch1825
fozy1825
potato-headed1826
beef-headed1828
donkeyish1831
blockheadish1833
pinheaded1837
squirrel-minded1837
pumpkin-headed1838
tomfoolish1838
dundering1840
chicken-headed1842
like a bump on a log1842
ninny-minded1849
numbheadeda1852
nincompoopish1852
suet-brained1852
dolly1853
mullet-headed1853
sodden1853
fiddle-headed1854
numb1854
bovine1855
logy1859
crass1861
unsmart1861
off his chump1864
wooden-headed1865
stupe1866
lean-minded1867
duffing1869
cretinous1871
doddering1871
thick-head1873
doddling1874
stupido1879
boneheaded1883
woolly-headed1883
leaden-natured1889
suet-headed1890
sam-sodden1891
dopey1896
turnip-headed1898
bonehead1903
wool-witted1905
peanut-headed1906
peanut-brained1907
dilly1909
torpid-minded1909
retardate1912
nitwitted1917
meat-headed1918
mug1922
cloth-headed1925
loopy1925
nitwit1928
lame-brained1929
dead from the neck up1930
simpy1932
nail-headed1936
square-headed1936
dingbats1937
pinhead1939
dim-witted1940
pea-brained1942
clueless1943
lobotomized1943
retarded1949
pointy-headed1950
clottish1952
like a stunned mullet1953
silly (or crazy) as a two-bob watch1954
out to lunch1955
pin-brained1958
dozy1959
eejity1964
out of one's tiny mind1965
doofus1967
twitty1967
twittish1969
twatty1975
twattish1976
blur1977
dof1979
goofus1981
dickheaded1991
dickish1991
numpty1992
cockish1996
1603 T. Dekker et al. Patient Grissill sig. F3v Then mag a pobbie foole of Sir Owen indeed: Gods plude shall?
1696 T. Southerne Oroonoko i. ii. 11 If she had ever a handsome Daughter to wheedle her out of: Or if I cou'd make any thing of her Booby Son.
1719 T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth II. 341 Who dully think all Foreigners Man-makers, Send out their Booby Sons to France, to Dress.
1747 S. Richardson Clarissa I. xxxi. 202 Never was there Booby-'Squire that more wanted it [sc. improvement].
1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian iv, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. I. 105 There is not a boy on the booby form but should have been scourged for such a solecism in grammar.
1831 R. Montgomery Oxford ii. 125 The booby offspring of a booby sire, With leaden visage passionlessly cold.
1924 Age (Melbourne) 11 Aug. 8/5 His union officials, therefore, should abandon the booby position of crying out before anyone is hurt.
1980 Jrnl. Courier (Jacksonville, Illinois) 13 Apr. 52/6 Georgie was mighty, mighty smart but he'd end up in the booby class in any masculine beauty parade.
C2.
booby-hack n. [after booby-hutch n.] U.S. (now chiefly historical) a horse-drawn sleigh of a type particularly used in New England; a booby-hut (booby hut n.); spec. such a sleigh available for hire (cf. hack n.2 3).
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicles according to means of motion > vehicle moving on runners > [noun] > for transport of people
sled1590
sledge1617
traineau1653
sleigh1703
pulka1746
booby-hutch1766
Tom Pung1799
cutter1803
pung1804
kibitka1806
booby-hack1820
pulk1831
booby1841
sleigh-cutter1846
clipper-sled1883
1820 C. C. Emerson Let. 15 Jan. in R. A. Bosco & J. Myerson Emerson Brothers (2006) iv. 221 I had a fine ride in a booby hack with Miss Stearns in the country.
1888 Boston Daily Globe 2 Feb. (Evening ed.) 8/6 They collided with Crowley's booby hack, knocking the horse down and demolishing the front of the vehicle.
1952 K. H. Dunshee As you pass By 133 These rigs, called ‘booby hacks’, were common sights along old Park Row.
1995 Carriage Jrnl. Winter 106/3 The Booby-Hack was a closed sleigh used for hire.
booby hut n. [after booby-hutch n.] U.S. (now chiefly historical) a horse-drawn sleigh of a type particularly used in New England, having an enclosed body like that of a coach or brougham; cf. booby-hack n.
ΚΠ
1760 N. Ames Diary 20 Dec. (1998) I. 56 Took a Ride in Booby-Hut.
1846 G. Warburton Hochelaga II. vi. 146 A covered conveyance, enclosed partly with glass;..it is called a ‘Booby-hut’.
1918 F. H. Hall Memories Grave & Gay vii. 68 In the closed sleighs of the period, booby-hacks or booby-huts as they were called, the motion was so violent as to make people sick.
2010 Iowa Historian May Carriages..came in an amazing assortment of sizes, shapes and finishes—from the ‘buckboard phaeton’ to the ‘sidebar buggy’ to the ‘booby hut’.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

boobyn.2

Brit. /ˈbuːbi/, U.S. /ˈbubi/
Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: bubby n.1
Etymology: Alteration of bubby n.1 Compare boob n.2
colloquial (originally U.S.).
Usually in plural: a woman's breasts. Also occasionally in singular: a breast.Also occasionally denoting unusually prominent breasts on a man or boy.The entry for bubbies in H. Wentworth Amer. Dial. Dict. (1944) records boobies as being in use in central New York State in 1916.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > trunk > front > breast or breasts (of woman) > [noun]
titOE
breastOE
mammaOE
pysea1400
mamellec1450
dug1530
duckya1533
bag1579
pommela1586
mam1611
Milky Way1622
bubby?1660
udder1702
globea1727
fore-buttock1727
tetty1746
breastwork?1760
diddy1788
snows1803
sweets1817
titty1865
pappy1869
Charleys1874
bub1881
breastiec1900
ninny1909
pair1919
boobs1932
boobya1934
fun bag1938
maraca1940
knockers1941
can1946
mammaries1947
bazooms1955
jug1957
melon1957
bosoms1959
Bristols1961
chichi1961
nork1962
puppies1963
rack1968
knob1970
dingleberry1980
jubblies1991
a1934 N. Kimball Nell Kimball: Life as Amer. Madam (1970) iv. 42 I was fifteen and filled out, nice little boobies hard as apples, and a narrow waist.
1934 H. Miller Tropic of Cancer 315 She was lying on the divan with her boobies in her hands.
1968 Guardian 2 Sept. 4/6 The characters were constantly referring to her large bosom (even descending to calling them ‘big boobies’).
1995 L. W. Nathanson KidShapes iv. 126 An overly chubby preschooler looks different from the other boys... He may be self-conscious about taking off his shirt—mean children may refer to his ‘boobies’.
2000 Bull. Menninger Clinic 64 292 His teacher allowed him to sit on her lap and touch her ‘booby.’
2006 Esquire Mar. 87/1 You look around at women's dresses that are so low cut, and you can see acres of boobies.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

boobyv.

Brit. /ˈbuːbi/, U.S. /ˈbubi/
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: booby n.1
Etymology: < booby n.1
Now rare.
intransitive. To act in a foolish, inept, or blundering way; to behave in the manner of a booby (booby n.1 1). Also with about.Attested earliest in out-boobying; cf. out- prefix 4a(b)(i).
ΚΠ
1747 T. Coke Let. 20 June in C. W. James Chief Justice Coke (1929) xxxi. 250 Baldassar is..a greater Bumkin than any in Suffolk, as appears by his..out-boobying any of them in applying in the best booby manner for their votes and interest.
1807 Salmagundi 4 Feb. 55 Those brainless pert bloods..Who lounge and who lout, and who booby about.
1916 Phoenix July 64 The spectacle of the author of ‘The School for Scandal’ booby-ing through the piece..quite put me out of patience with the late Clyde Fitch.
1948 Dublin Mag. July-Sept. 19 Even the loss of his cash can't stop him from boobying for boobying is what I call his fashionable notions.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1c1600n.2a1934v.1747
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