sickle celln.

Etymology: < sickle n. + cell n.¹

Pathology.

One of the characteristic crescent-shaped red cells found in the blood of people with sickle cell anæmia.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of blood > [noun] > deficiency of red cells > anaemia > types of > cell

sickle cell1923

1910 Arch. Internal Med. 6 517 (heading) Peculiar elongated and sickle-shaped red blood corpuscles in a case of severe anemia.]

1923 Johns Hopkins Hosp. Bull. 34 42/2 It may..be appropriate to mention here the relationships of blood grouping to another phenomenon occurring in this family, namely, the presence of the so-called ‘sickle cells’ or crescentic red blood corpuscles.

1946 Lancet 10 Aug. 204/1 As long as the diagnosis rested on the presence of sickle cells in stained films, the condition was rarely identified.

1968 Times 13 Nov. 16/1 The membranes of sickle cells took longer to remove than those of normal cells, a difference that could be related to the impaired ability of sickle cells to carry oxygen.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

sickle cell count n.

ΚΠ

1970 P. Oliver Savannah Syncopators 41 Those [tribes] on the coast include a large proportion with high counts of the sickle-cell gene making them resistant to malaria and able to withstand heat and high humidity; those in the savannah belt include large numbers of tribes with low sickle-cell counts and lower resistance to malaria.

sickle cell family n.

ΚΠ

1972 Science 13 Oct. 138/3 Physicians who treat sickle cell families emphasize the difference between sickle cell anaemia..and sickle cell trait.

sickle cell individual n.

ΚΠ

1958 Oxf. Univ. Gaz. 23 Apr. 892 A study of the physique, growth, and fertility of sickle cell and normal individuals in malarious and non-malarious areas of Nigeria.

sickle cell phenomenon n.

ΚΠ

1926 Amer. Jrnl. Dis. Children 32 334 (heading) The sickle cell phenomenon.

C2.

sickle cell anaemia n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of blood > [noun] > deficiency of red cells > anaemia > types of

ischemy1855

pernicious anaemia1874

ischaemia1878

Addison's anaemia1886

Addisonian pernicious anaemia1894

favism1903

Addisonian anaemia1904

hypoplastic anaemia1906

sickle cell anaemia1922

sicklemia1932

thalassaemia1932

Cooley's anaemia1934

Mediterranean disease1936

target cell anaemia1938

1922 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 14 Oct. 1318/2 (heading) Sickle cell anemia.

1924 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 5 July 16/1 Several new phases have been brought out since the time, fourteen years ago, when I described what for want of a better term, I [sc. J. B. Herrick] called sickle cell anemia.

1928 Lancet 24 Mar. 614/1 Sickle cell or drepanocytic anæmia is found only in negroes with the sickle cell trait—that is, whose red cells become distorted into sickle-shaped cells under certain conditions.

1969 Times 28 Aug. 8/2 The gene for sickle cell anaemia..persists in certain African populations because it confers resistance against malaria.

1977 Rolling Stone 21 Apr. 8/1 He missed..the appearance of a frightening new phenomenon in the American black community: the replacement of sickle cell anemia with Potomac Fever as the crippling disease among blacks.

sickle cell disease n. a frequently fatal form of anæmia, characterized by the presence of red blood cells that are rich in sickle cell hæmoglobin and sickle readily, and occurring in individuals homozygous for the sickle cell gene:

ΚΠ

1949 Science 25 Nov. 547/2 (heading) On the genetics of sickle cell disease.

1961 R. D. Baker Essent. Pathol. xviii. 492 In sickle cell disease the spleen is often enlarged with intensely red cut surface.

1981 Westindian World 28 Aug. 13/2 Sickle cell disease is a blood disorder. It only affects African, Afro-Caribbean and Asian people.

sickle cell gene n. an autosomal gene found in man, which when heterozygous produces the sickle cell trait and when homozygous sickle cell anæmia, and which is especially common in tropical Africa.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > gene > types of gene

sex determinant1902

sex determiner1909

inhibitor1911

multiple factor1912

modifier1915

autosomal dominant1919

autosomal recessive1919

scute1923

gene1925

suppressor1928

rate gene1932

dominigene1938

buffer1939

polygene1941

switch gene1942

mutator1943

oligogene1943

sickle cell gene1946

supergene1949

ob1950

obese1950

regulator1960

regulator gene1960

regulatory gene1960

enhancer1967

oncogene1969

virogene1969

hedgehog1980

1946 Lancet 10 Aug. 204/1 It seems clear that the sickle-cell gene originated in Africa and was carried by slaves to North and South America.

1961 Times 21 July 9/5 The population has a genetic resistance to malaria... They possess what is known as a sickle-cell gene, which results in their haemoglobin being abnormal.

sickle cell haemoglobin n. an abnormal hæmoglobin which tends to produce a characteristic crescent shape in red cells containing it.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of blood > [noun] > presence of abnormalities > abnormal substances

feverish mattera1398

haemophaein1845

carboxyhaemoglobin1891

sulphaemoglobin1896

reagin1911

paraprotein1949

rheumatoid factor1949

sickle cell haemoglobin1950

Philadelphia chromosome1961

1950 Nature 21 Oct. 677/1 Dr. F. Eirich, who had first directed our attention to this peculiar disease, gave us a sample of sickle-cell hæmoglobin solution.

1971 New Scientist 24 June 762/2 He found that in sickle cell haemoglobin one negatively charged glutamic acid in each of the two normal β chains was replaced by an electrically neutral valine.

sickle cell trait n. a relatively harmless condition, characterized by the presence of red blood cells containing some sickle cell hæmoglobin and conferring some resistance to malaria; (formerly applied to the characteristic sickling of the red cells which is seen a fortiori in sickle cell anæmia).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > blood corpuscle or plate > [noun] > red cells or corpuscles > sickle-cell trait

sickle cell trait1959

1959 Listener 26 Nov. 919/2 Sickle cell trait can be found in parts of Africa, in some Mediterranean countries, and in parts of India.

1978 R. B. Scott Price's Textbk. Pract. Med. (ed. 12) xiv. 1156/1 In sickle-cell trait where there is only 30–40 per cent haemoglobin S, symptoms are rare.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

单词	sickle cell
释义	sickle celln. Etymology: < sickle n. + cell n.¹ Pathology. One of the characteristic crescent-shaped red cells found in the blood of people with sickle cell anæmia. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of blood > [noun] > deficiency of red cells > anaemia > types of > cell sickle cell1923 1910 Arch. Internal Med. 6 517 (heading) Peculiar elongated and sickle-shaped red blood corpuscles in a case of severe anemia.] 1923 Johns Hopkins Hosp. Bull. 34 42/2 It may..be appropriate to mention here the relationships of blood grouping to another phenomenon occurring in this family, namely, the presence of the so-called ‘sickle cells’ or crescentic red blood corpuscles. 1946 Lancet 10 Aug. 204/1 As long as the diagnosis rested on the presence of sickle cells in stained films, the condition was rarely identified. 1968 Times 13 Nov. 16/1 The membranes of sickle cells took longer to remove than those of normal cells, a difference that could be related to the impaired ability of sickle cells to carry oxygen. Compounds C1. General attributive. sickle cell count n. ΚΠ 1970 P. Oliver Savannah Syncopators 41 Those [tribes] on the coast include a large proportion with high counts of the sickle-cell gene making them resistant to malaria and able to withstand heat and high humidity; those in the savannah belt include large numbers of tribes with low sickle-cell counts and lower resistance to malaria. sickle cell family n. ΚΠ 1972 Science 13 Oct. 138/3 Physicians who treat sickle cell families emphasize the difference between sickle cell anaemia..and sickle cell trait. sickle cell individual n. ΚΠ 1958 Oxf. Univ. Gaz. 23 Apr. 892 A study of the physique, growth, and fertility of sickle cell and normal individuals in malarious and non-malarious areas of Nigeria. sickle cell phenomenon n. ΚΠ 1926 Amer. Jrnl. Dis. Children 32 334 (heading) The sickle cell phenomenon. C2. sickle cell anaemia n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of blood > [noun] > deficiency of red cells > anaemia > types of ischemy1855 pernicious anaemia1874 ischaemia1878 Addison's anaemia1886 Addisonian pernicious anaemia1894 favism1903 Addisonian anaemia1904 hypoplastic anaemia1906 sickle cell anaemia1922 sicklemia1932 thalassaemia1932 Cooley's anaemia1934 Mediterranean disease1936 target cell anaemia1938 1922 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 14 Oct. 1318/2 (heading) Sickle cell anemia. 1924 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 5 July 16/1 Several new phases have been brought out since the time, fourteen years ago, when I described what for want of a better term, I [sc. J. B. Herrick] called sickle cell anemia. 1928 Lancet 24 Mar. 614/1 Sickle cell or drepanocytic anæmia is found only in negroes with the sickle cell trait—that is, whose red cells become distorted into sickle-shaped cells under certain conditions. 1969 Times 28 Aug. 8/2 The gene for sickle cell anaemia..persists in certain African populations because it confers resistance against malaria. 1977 Rolling Stone 21 Apr. 8/1 He missed..the appearance of a frightening new phenomenon in the American black community: the replacement of sickle cell anemia with Potomac Fever as the crippling disease among blacks. sickle cell disease n. a frequently fatal form of anæmia, characterized by the presence of red blood cells that are rich in sickle cell hæmoglobin and sickle readily, and occurring in individuals homozygous for the sickle cell gene: ΚΠ 1949 Science 25 Nov. 547/2 (heading) On the genetics of sickle cell disease. 1961 R. D. Baker Essent. Pathol. xviii. 492 In sickle cell disease the spleen is often enlarged with intensely red cut surface. 1981 Westindian World 28 Aug. 13/2 Sickle cell disease is a blood disorder. It only affects African, Afro-Caribbean and Asian people. sickle cell gene n. an autosomal gene found in man, which when heterozygous produces the sickle cell trait and when homozygous sickle cell anæmia, and which is especially common in tropical Africa. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > gene > types of gene sex determinant1902 sex determiner1909 inhibitor1911 multiple factor1912 modifier1915 autosomal dominant1919 autosomal recessive1919 scute1923 gene1925 suppressor1928 rate gene1932 dominigene1938 buffer1939 polygene1941 switch gene1942 mutator1943 oligogene1943 sickle cell gene1946 supergene1949 ob1950 obese1950 regulator1960 regulator gene1960 regulatory gene1960 enhancer1967 oncogene1969 virogene1969 hedgehog1980 1946 Lancet 10 Aug. 204/1 It seems clear that the sickle-cell gene originated in Africa and was carried by slaves to North and South America. 1961 Times 21 July 9/5 The population has a genetic resistance to malaria... They possess what is known as a sickle-cell gene, which results in their haemoglobin being abnormal. sickle cell haemoglobin n. an abnormal hæmoglobin which tends to produce a characteristic crescent shape in red cells containing it. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of blood > [noun] > presence of abnormalities > abnormal substances feverish mattera1398 haemophaein1845 carboxyhaemoglobin1891 sulphaemoglobin1896 reagin1911 paraprotein1949 rheumatoid factor1949 sickle cell haemoglobin1950 Philadelphia chromosome1961 1950 Nature 21 Oct. 677/1 Dr. F. Eirich, who had first directed our attention to this peculiar disease, gave us a sample of sickle-cell hæmoglobin solution. 1971 New Scientist 24 June 762/2 He found that in sickle cell haemoglobin one negatively charged glutamic acid in each of the two normal β chains was replaced by an electrically neutral valine. sickle cell trait n. a relatively harmless condition, characterized by the presence of red blood cells containing some sickle cell hæmoglobin and conferring some resistance to malaria; (formerly applied to the characteristic sickling of the red cells which is seen a fortiori in sickle cell anæmia). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > blood corpuscle or plate > [noun] > red cells or corpuscles > sickle-cell trait sickle cell trait1959 1959 Listener 26 Nov. 919/2 Sickle cell trait can be found in parts of Africa, in some Mediterranean countries, and in parts of India. 1978 R. B. Scott Price's Textbk. Pract. Med. (ed. 12) xiv. 1156/1 In sickle-cell trait where there is only 30–40 per cent haemoglobin S, symptoms are rare. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online September 2018). < n.1922
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