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单词 blood
释义

bloodn.int.

Brit. /blʌd/, U.S. /bləd/
Forms: Old English beode (dative singular, transmission error), Old English blot- (in compounds, rare), Old English–1600s blod, early Middle English bleod (rare), early Middle English blot (perhaps transmission error), Middle English–1500s blodde, Middle English–1500s bloodde, Middle English–1600s blode, Middle English–1600s bloode, Middle English–1600s bloude, Middle English–1600s blud, Middle English–1600s blude, Middle English–1700s bloud, Middle English– blood, 1500s blodd, 1500s bloudd, 1500s–1600s bloodd, 1500s–1600s bloudde, 1500s–1600s blovd, 1500s–1600s bludd, 1500s–1600s bludde, 1600s boulde, 1600s plut (in representations of Welsh English), 1900s– bleead (English regional (north-western)), 1900s– blid (English regional (south-western)); Scottish pre-1700 blod, pre-1700 blode, pre-1700 bloid, pre-1700 bloide, pre-1700 bloode, pre-1700 bloud, pre-1700 blowd, pre-1700 bludde, pre-1700 bluide, pre-1700 bluyd, pre-1700 blwd, pre-1700 blwde, pre-1700 blwid, pre-1700 1700s– blood, pre-1700 1700s– blude, pre-1700 1700s– bluid, pre-1700 1900s– blud, 1700s– bleed (north-eastern), 1700s– bleid (north-eastern), 1800s– bleud (Orkney), 1900s– blid, 1900s– blöd (Shetland), 1900s– bloed (Shetland); also Irish English (northern) 1800s blooed, 1900s– blid, 1900s– bluid.
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian blōd blood, blood relationship, lineage, blood relative, Old Dutch bluot blood (Middle Dutch bloet blood, complexion, kin, family, blood relative, Dutch bloed blood, bloodshed, disposition or temper, kin, race, lineage, kinship), Old Saxon blōd blood (also as one of the humours) (Middle Low German blōt , blōd- blood, (of plants) sap, bloodshed, blood relative, living being, person, rascal), Old High German bluot blood (also as one of the humours) (Middle High German bluot , pluot blood, blood relationship, descent, race, blood relative, living being, person, German Blut blood, temperament, kin, race, blood relative, living being, person, rascal, (of plants) sap), Old Icelandic blóð blood, bloodshed, the seat of mental and emotional properties, living beings, kin, Old Swedish bloð blood, living being, person (Swedish blod blood, bloodshed, kin, race, the seat of life, temperament, the seat of emotions, (of plants) sap), Old Danish blod blood (Danish blod blood, seat of life, seat of the emotions, temperament, descent, lineage, blood relative, person), Gothic blōþ blood, Crimean Gothic plut blood, further etymology uncertain and disputed; perhaps an instance of taboo replacement of an earlier word (compare e.g. forms in the Indo-European languages cited at raw adj. and n.1). Derivation ultimately < a suffixed form of the Indo-European base of blow v.2 has been suggested, but is not straightforward semantically, and other etymologies have been proposed. For further discussion see e.g. A. L. Lloyd et al. Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Althochdeutschen (1998) II. 211.In Old English a strong neuter (a -stem). Classical Latin sanguis shows a similar range of meanings, as does Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French, French sang blood (end of the 10th cent.), the redemptive blood of Christ (c1050), violent death, bloodshed (c1100), with allusion to a supposed correlation between the state of the blood and various emotional states, as e.g. passion, courage, etc. (c1165), family (c1200), bonds of affection between members of a family (1625), etc. Some senses of the English word are likely to have been reinforced by similar use in French and Latin. The current pronunciation /blʌd/ reflects shortening of the reflex of Middle English close ō and subsequent (regular) unrounding and lowering of the resulting vowel in the 17th cent.: compare similarly flood n.
I. General senses.
1.
a. The red fluid flowing in the arteries, capillaries, and veins of humans and other vertebrates, carrying oxygen and nutrients to, and carbon dioxide and waste metabolites away from, the organs and tissues of the body. Also (as a count noun): the blood of an individual, species, etc.The blood of vertebrates consists of a liquid component, plasma, containing cells and many chemical components (proteins, salts, etc.) in suspension or solution. There are two main types of blood cell; red blood cells contain the oxygen-binding pigment haemoglobin, which is responsible for the red colour of whole blood, while the unpigmented white blood cells are part of the immune system.Blood was one of the four cardinal humours of ancient and medieval physiology, described as warm and moist, and supposed, when predominant, to be associated with a happy, optimistic, and bold temperament (cf. sanguine adj. 3a).cord blood, occult blood, white blood, etc.: see the first element.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > [noun]
bloodeOE
vermeil1590
claret1604
purplea1631
ichor1638
whole blood1829
ruby1849
eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. xxiii. 210 Forþon is þearf micel þæt mon nauþer ne sealfa ne baþu ne onlegena ær to nyde, ær him mon blod læte, þam þe fela blodes hæfþ.
OE Cynewulf Juliana 476 Eac ic sume gedyde þæt him banlocan blode spiowedan.
OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) xvi. 311 He worhte Adam of lame; nu ne mage we asmeagean hu he of þam lame flæsc worhte & blod, ban & fell, fex & næglas.
?a1200 (?OE) Peri Didaxeon (1896) 31 Hwilan he blod hræcþ and h[w]ylum mid blode ȝemenged.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13713 Beornes þer swelten, blodes at-urnen.
c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) l. 216 (MED) Þe blod ran of his fleys.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 239 Moche blod [was] þer y-ssed.
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. iv. vi. 148 Þise foure humours..fediþ alle bodyes þat haþ blood.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 9999 It es rede als ani blod.
a1475 Bk. Quinte Essence (1889) 21 (MED) Þe feuere contynuele is gendrid of putrifaccioun of blood and of corrupcieun of humouris in it.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 573/2 Sodaynly his nose gousshed out of blood.
1563 2nd Tome Homelyes Rebellion i, in J. Griffiths Two Bks. Homilies (1859) ii. 558 No shedder of our bloods.
1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 2nd Pt. sig. G5v Now lie the Christians bathing in their bloods.
1611 Bible (King James) Lev. xvii. 14 Ye shall not eat the blood of no maner of flesh: for the life of all flesh is the blood thereof. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) ii. i. 48 We shall repent each drop of bloud . View more context for this quotation
1654 J. Trapp Comm. Psalms iv. 3 The bloud of a Swine might not be offered in Sacrifices.
1711 London Gaz. No. 4793/1 On the 16th the Blood of St. Januarius was exposed as usually.
1786 R. Burns Poems 32 But feels his heart's bluid rising hot.
1825 A. Knapp & W. Baldwin Newgate Cal. IV. 350/2 Picking his fingers until he brought blood thro' the quick.
1885 Cent. Mag. May 90/2 As soon as the blood began to flow, with the return of his digestion, mortification set in, and another amputation became necessary.
1907 Jrnl. Med. Res. 17 328 On account of the obvious variations in the amount of hemoglobin present in different bloods it was found necessary to make a complete hemoglobin scale for each blood tested.
1938 Life 28 Feb. 33/2 Here you see how blood is taken in, banked and given out.
1951 G. R. de Beer Vertebr. Zool. (ed. 2) iv. 52 In addition to its normal salts, the blood of Selachians contains large concentrations (up to 2%) of urea.
1954 J. Corbett Temple Tiger 96 The tiger evidently suffered in the fight, for when he left the battle-ground he left a trail of blood.
1974 Daily Tel. 10 Oct. 2/4 [He] had 120 milligrammes of alcohol in 100 millilitres of blood, 40 over the legal limit.
2002 Trav. Afr. Winter 68/3 The marriage was consummated after her first menstruation had been ritually celebrated. At marriage, their bodies were cicatrised and bloods mixed.
b. figurative and in extended use. A liquid resembling blood in colour. In earlier uses with of and in the genitive. Cf. blood of the (also a) grape at Phrases 1p. Frequently slang in later use.In quot. 1852, with reference to the reddish-brown colour characteristic of the Nile at certain times of year (a phenomenon also known as the ‘Red Nile’).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > [noun] > types of liquid generally > liquid naturally contained in anything > blood-like
bloodOE
the world > the earth > water > body of water > river water > [noun]
running waterOE
river watera1398
streams?a1535
fresha1552
blood1852
runnage1864
OE Vitellius Psalter: Canticles vi. 14 Sanguinem uuę biberet meracissimum : blod winberian hy druncon þæt niweste.
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. clxxxv. 1081 Haue mynde þat þou drynkest blood of þe erþe [L. sanguinem terre], for wyndrynkynge intemperatliche [MS intemperalliche] is to mankynde [MS mankynge]..venym.
1576 G. Baker tr. C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health xli. f. 177v The same which melteth and runneth through, is the oyle [red in colour], which otherwyse is named the blood of the Antimonie.
1820 Trans. Lit. Soc. Bombay 2 93 Straight was each stature, and each cheek with the blood of the rose was stained.
1852 B. Taylor in Littell's Living Age 10 July 88/2 I from the flood Of his own brown blood Will drink to the glory of ancient Nilus!
1941 P. Kendall & ‘J. Viney’ Dict. Army & Navy Slang 2 Blood, ketchup.
1975 C. M. Rodgers Ovah 31 Drop pills, guzzle Cheap blood [sc. wine] Smoke gold dust.
1985 Maledicta 7 284 Nicknames for food used by college students at Michigan Technological University during the early 1970s: blood and sorority sauce for ketchup.
2007 C. Sell & M. S. Frank Everything Kids' Gross Cookbk. 58 Serve with your favorite condiments: pus (mayonnaise), blood (ketchup), and baby poop (mustard).
c. A colourless or pigmented fluid occurring in many types of invertebrate, serving similar functions to the blood of vertebrates.
ΚΠ
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iii. xxv. 175 That wormes are exanguious animalls, and such as have no blood at all, is the determination of Philosophy... If so, surely we want a proper term whereby to express that humour in them which so strictly resembleth blood.]
1657 J. Rowland tr. A. Libavius in tr. J. Johnstone Hist. Wonderful Things of Nature viii. 274 Also you may see, when the skin [of a silk-worm] is cut, and the thick coat of the Intestine, that moysture will run forth in abundance, that is transparent, which I think is their blood.
1701 tr. A. van Leeuwenhoek in Philos. Trans. 1700–01 (Royal Soc.) 22 867 Tho the Legs [of a black spider] were very Hairy, yet were they so clear, that I could easily perceive the Circulation of the Blood in several Veins.
1743 H. Baker Attempt Nat. Hist. Polype 197 These Polypes..after being fed appeared of a red Colour, from the Blood of the Worm seen through their Skin.
1809 Monthly Rev. Oct. 117 On the much controverted question concerning the circulation of the blood in insects.
1886 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 48 Dr. C. A. MacMunn describes the spectroscopic or chemical characters of the blood of various worms and molluscs.
1915 E. R. Lankester Diversions of Naturalist xiv. 204 The blood of the snail, as of most other mollusks, is colorless. However, on exposure to air..it turns slightly bluish.
1958 J. E. Morton Molluscs i. 15 Molluscs employ the great volume of blood in the haemal spaces.
2007 L. Metz Extreme Bugs 40/3 As any driver or passenger can attest, insect blood is yellow to greenish.
d. The sap of a plant.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > plant substances > [noun] > fluid, juice, or sap
oozeeOE
sapOE
milkOE
slime?c1225
juicec1290
humoura1398
opiuma1398
watera1425
sop1513
afion1542
suc1551
suck1560
ab1587
lymph1682
blood1690
fluid1705
humidities1725
succus1771
plant milk1896
1690 E. Warren Geologia (new ed.) xi. 238 Which being suckt up by them, and drained by exquisite percolation through their fine digestive Pores; immediately becomes Sap (which is the Plantal Chyle or Blood) for their nourishment and accretion.
1746 W. Ellis Agric. Improv'd I. May xiv. 91 If the Shoot, or young Branch, of a Tree or Shrub, is bit by Horse, Cow, or Sheep, in this Month, the Sap..will surely issue out of the Part, as out of a Wound; and, by the Shoot's losing all or Part of its Blood or Sap (which is the Life of it), it..dies.
1770 A. Hunter et al. Georgical Ess. (new ed.) I. vii. 183 It may be called the blood of the plant.
1807 J. E. Smith Introd. Physiol. & Systematical Bot. 45 It [sc. the sap] is really the blood of the plant, by which its whole body is nourished.
1887 H. D. Northrop Earth, Sea & Sky xxi. 572 The sap, which is in fact the blood of the plant, circulates through its vessels by means of a power possibly greatly exceeding that which drives the blood through the arteries of an elephant.
1916 J. G. Dorrance Story of Forest 44 Look at a leaf. On it are many little raised lines... These are ‘veins’, full of the tree's blood.
1958 Mason City (Iowa) Globe-Gaz. 26 May 22/1 The molecules, called pectic enzymes, cause clots in the plant's blood stream... This results in wilting and the plant's death.
2004 M. Engelhard Where Rain Children Sleep vi. 81 The tree's blood mixed with bear grease is spread on infections or chapped skin.
e. A sample of blood taken for experimental, diagnostic, or forensic purposes; a test on such a sample, or the result of such a test.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > diagnosis or prognosis > tests > [noun] > materials tested
blood film1856
blood sample1873
blood1890
night-blood1894
smear1903
swab1903
phantom1922
cervical smear1944
1890 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 12 July 113/2 The results of his manipulations of bloods.
1915 E. B. Vedder Prevalence Syphilis in Army (U.S. Army Med. Dept.) 101 When a considerable number of bloods are to be taken three or four of these needles may be used.
1959 Trans. Royal Soc. Trop. Med. & Hygiene 53 59 (caption) Pre-treatment mean microfilarial density of those persons who had negative bloods at the end of one year's treatment.
1980 Forensic Sci. Internat. 15 267 The bloods are from criminals and victims of crimes of violence in South-East England.
2005 I. McEwan Saturday iv. 249 ‘Blood pressure and pulse are OK. And pre-op bloods are fine, airway pressure's fine,’ Jay says.
2010 Daily Tel. 9 Mar. 17/3 But all I saw was her running around like a headless chicken, greeting patients briefly, checking..whether or not they had had their bloods taken.
2.
a. Blood which is or has been shed; (hence) the shedding of blood; violence, murder, killing; (also occasionally) the fact of being killed, death.See also man of blood n. at man n.1 Phrases 2o.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > [noun] > bloodshed
bloodOE
bloodsheddingc1230
bloodsheda1450
bloodletting1648
OE Old Eng. Hexateuch: Gen. (Claud.) iv. 10 Þines broðor blod [L. vox sanguinis fratris tui] clypað up to me of eorðan.
lOE Prose Dialogue of Solomon & Saturn I (1982) xlv. 32 Ic þe secge, þurh Adam heo [sc. þeos eorðe] wæs awirgeð and þurh Abeles blod.
c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Royal) (1981) 1045 Þe ȝet nes nawt þes kinges þurst wiðal þis blod ikelet.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. i. 15 Ȝoure hondis ben ful of blod [L. sanguine].
Remonstr. against Romish Corruptions (Titus) (1851) 8 (MED) The breed of nedi men is the lif of pore men. He that defraudith it is a man of blood, that is, a manquellere.
?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) iv. met. vii. l. 4243 Agamenon..bouȝt[e] aȝein þe wyndes by blode [L. uentos redimit cruore].
c1450 (?a1370) Wynnere & Wastoure (1990) l. 14 And eke boyes of blode with boste and with pryde Schall wedde ladyes in londe.
1593 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie Pref. 9 Either my bloud or banishment shall signe it.
a1604 M. Hanmer Chron. Ireland 122 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) Bent to blood and villany.
1610 Bible (Douay) II. Nahum iii. 1 Wo to thee ô citie of blouds [L. civitas sanguinum].
1659 W. Allen Faithful Memorial Meeting of Officers of Army 1648 5 It was our duty..to call Charles Stuart, that man of bloud, to an account.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 99. ¶7 An Affront that nothing but Blood can expiate.
1793 W. Russell Hist. Anc. Europe I. iii. 218 The world-surrounding Neptune, emerging from the depth of his main, urged the Argives to battle and blood.
1827 C. H. Phipps Historiettes I. 180 My brother has not been guilty of blood.
1867 Felton's Greece, Anc. & Mod. I. 205 Then blood doth blood Demand.
1878 J. Morley Crit. Misc. (1886) I. 107 The true inquisitor is a creature of policy, not a man of blood by taste.
1916 R. A. Maher Shepherd of North iv. 135 There was a circle drawn around him..which draws itself ever around a man who, justly or unjustly, is thought guilty of blood.
1992 F. McLynn Hearts of Darkness ii. vi. 146 The men of blood..who itched for the use of force to chastise the tribes.
2005 Razor Feb. 56/1 What gets the most flash ratings are those programs that appeal to the arena audience—the audience who tunes in for blood and dirt.
b. Responsibility or guilt for bloodshed. In later use chiefly in to have blood on one's hands.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > guilt > [noun] > of bloodshed
bloodOE
blood-guiltiness1535
blood guilt1550
society > morality > moral evil > guilt > [noun] > guilt of bloodshed
bloodOE
blood-guiltiness1535
blood guilt1550
OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxvii. 25 Sy hys blod [L. sanguis eius] ofer us & ofer ure bearn.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1961) Lev. xx. 11 Þour deeþ deyȝen þey boþe, þe blood of hem [L. sanguis eorum] bee opon hem.
1561 F. Coxe Short Treat. Wickednesse Magicall Sci. sig. Bv If a man or woman haue a spirite of diuination or sothsaying in them: they shall dye the death, they shall stone them to deathe, their bloudde shalbe vpon them.
1611 Bible (King James) Josh. ii. 19 His blood shalbe vpon his head, and we will bee guiltlesse. View more context for this quotation
1714 J. H. Thomson in Cloud of Witnesses 84 Then they bad my Blood be on my own head, but I told them they would find it would be on their heads.
1782 F. Burney Cecilia V. x. ii. 237 Should his blood be on my hands, wretch as he was, never will my heart be quiet more!
1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles iii. xviii. 105 Enough of blood rests on my head.
1883 Med. Press & Circular 10 Oct. 314/2 The bestowal from time immemorial of titles..on successful soldiers and sailors with blood on their hands.
1915 B. Russell in Atlantic Monthly Aug. 267/1 I would rather part with money than have a man's blood on my conscience.
2001 Y. Martel Life of Pi (2002) lxi. 183 Now I had blood on my hands. It's a terrible burden to carry.
3.
a. In the Bible and theological writing: blood shed in sacrifice, esp. the atoning sacrifice of Christ.
ΚΠ
OE Blickling Homilies 73 Þe syxtan dæge Iudeas hine ahengan on rode, þær he his blod ageat for ure hæle, & us alesde of deofles þeowdome.
OE Old Eng. Hexateuch: Exod. (Claud.) xxiv. 8 Þis is ðære treowðe blod [L. sanguis foederis] þe Drihten eow behet be beallum [read eallum] þison spræcon.
OE Ælfric Let. to Wulfsige (Corpus Cambr.) in B. Fehr Die Hirtenbriefe Ælfrics (1914) 31 Þæt win getacnað ure alysednysse þurh Cristes blod.
a1250 Ureisun ure Louerde (Lamb.) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 187 (MED) Hwet deþ þenne þi blod isched on þe rode?
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) Exod. xxiv. 8 Þis is þe blode of þe bonde of peese, þat þe lord couenauntide with ȝou [1611 King James the blood of the Couenant].
a1425 (a1400) Titus & Vespasian l. 767 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1903) 111 296 (MED) Þe Jewes..badde his [sc. Christ's] bloode schuld falle On hem.
1537 W. Turner tr. Urbanus Regius Compar. Olde Learnynge & Newe D.iiv Ye Lorde which dyd redeme vs, not wt corruptible thynges, as with golde & sylver but wt his owne precious bloud.
1550 T. Cranmer Def. Sacrament v. 107v It is impossible that our synnes shuld be taken awai by the bloud of oxen and goates.
1601 R. Yarington Two Lamentable Trag. sig. K2 The blood of Iesus Christ hath power, To make my purple sinne as white as Snowe.
1737 T. Morgan Moral Philosopher 41 Moses..repeated throughout his whole Law, established Propitiations and Atonements for Sin, by the Blood of Beasts.
1754 Bp. T. Sherlock Disc. (1759) I. i. 30 This Revelation..has been ratified by the blood of Christ and His Apostles.
1842 T. Chalmers Lect. Rom. lxxix The sin..now washed away by the blood of a satisfying expiation.
1889 J. Lubbock Pleasures of Life ii. xi. 225 The blood of the martyrs is the seed of the Church.
1918 G. Moore Story-teller's Holiday xlii. 262 Whosoever sent the lamb, it was the lamb's blood that saved the twain in the cave and assured the victory.
1998 D. L. Larsen Company of Preachers II. x. 511 Ruined by the fall, redeemed by the blood, regenerated by the Spirit.
b. spec. Used with reference to the blood of Christ, as made present in the sacrament of the Eucharist by the consecration of the wine. Hence: the wine consecrated in the Eucharist. Cf. blood of Christ n. at Phrases 1q, body n. 3.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > consumables > eucharistic elements > wine > [noun]
winec1005
bloodOE
blood of Christc1384
singing wine1558
cup1597
sacrament-wine1698
OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) iv. xxxvi. 312 Þa seo tid com his deaðes, he onfeng þam geryne þæs drihtenlican lichaman & blodes [L. corporis et sanguinis], þæt is þam husle.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 1726 He [sc. the priest] cristess flæsh & blod Hanndleþþ, hallȝheþþ, & offreþþ.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Cor. x. 16 The cuppe of blessynge..wher [a1425 L.V. whether] it is not the comenynge of Cristis blood?
c1450 Speculum Christiani (Harl. 6580) (1933) 178 (MED) He that etez and drynkez the holy sacrament of Cristes body, flesch and blode [L. calicem], vnworthili.
1559 Bp. Scot in J. Strype Ann. Reformation I. App. x. 30 The communicatinge, that is, the eatinge and drinkinge of the..blessed body and blood.
1608 J. Panke Fal of Babel 28 The blessed chalice of the aultar..hath the verie sacrifical blood in it that was shed vpon the Crosse.
1660 J. Taylor Worthy Communicant 34 We also partake of the spirit when we drink of Christs blood, which came from the spiritual Rock when it was smitten.
1723 A. de la Mottraye Trav. I. ii. 14 When the Priest has eat the Flesh of J. C. and drunk his Blood after this manner, he continues the Service by Thanksgivings.
1767 N. Sievwright Princ., Polit. & Relig. ii. 169 The fruit of the vine, which our Saviour consecrated at the institution of the Sacrament of his most blessed Body and Blood.
1836 H. J. M. Mason Primitive Christianity in Ireland 105 To those who can persuade themselves that the consecrated wafer contains..the living body of Christ..it may in one point of view be of little importance, whether or not they drink additionally of his blood from the chalice.
1865 Directorium Anglicanum (ed. 2) 88 If a Priest faints when the Body is consecrated, but not the Blood, another Priest may complete the consecration of the Blood.
1907 Elders' Jrnl. 15 Apr. 324 Those who eat the flesh and drink the blood of the Lord should always remember Him.
1973 R. Slotkin Regeneration through Violence xiv. 544 The act of eating and drinking the body and blood in the Eucharist is meant as an act of love.
2006 P. Turner Let us Pray 23 Vessels that hold the Body and Blood of the Lord are traditionally made from precious metal.
4. Blood regarded as the fluid which sustains life, lifeblood; (hence) the vital principle, that upon which life depends; (metonymically) life, lives. Cf. heart-blood n. †to nim blood and bone: = to take flesh and blood at flesh and blood n. 1a (obsolete).In quots. 1736 and 1855 figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > source or principle of life > vital principle > [noun]
souleOE
lifeOE
spiritusOE
bloodOE
ghostOE
life and soulOE
quickship?c1225
quicknessc1230
breatha1300
spirita1325
spark1382
naturec1385
sparkle1388
livelinessa1398
rational soula1398
spiracle1398
animal spirit?a1425
vital spiritc1450
soul of the world1525
candle1535
fire1576
three souls1587
vitality?1592
candlelight1596
substance1605
vivacity1611
animality1615
vividity1616
animals1628
life spring1649
archeus1651
vital1670
spirituosity1677
springs of life1681
microcosmetor1684
vital force1702
vital spark (also flame)1704
stamen1718
vis vitae1752
prana1785
Purusha1785
jiva1807
vital force1822
heartbeat1828
world-soul1828
world-spirit1828
life energy1838
life force1848
ghost soul1869
will to live1871
biogen1882
ki1893
mauri1897
élan vital1907
orgone1942
OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxvii. 4 Ic syngode þa ic sealde þæt rihtwise blod [L. sanguinem iustum].
lOE Salisbury Psalter xciii. 21 Captabunt in animam iusti et sanguinem innocentem condemnabunt : hæfton [perh. read hæft on] sawle rihtwisse & blod unscyldian nyþeriað.
c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Royal) (1981) l. 420 He [sc. God]..nom blod & ban of ameidenes bodi.
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. iv. vii. 149 Rede floures beþ ileide vppon dede men in mynde of here hardines..while þey were in here blood [L. in suo sanguine].
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 21462 His blod to sell.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms lxxi. [lxxii.] 14 Deare shal their bloude be in his sight.
a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. ix. sig. Nn4v I shoulde loath the keeping of my blood, with the losse of my faith.
1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet iii. i. 182 He slew Mercutio, Who now the price of his deare bloud doth owe. View more context for this quotation
1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World Pref. sig. A4v For those Kings, which haue sold the bloud of others at a low rate; haue but made the Market for their owne enemies, to buy of theirs at the same price.
1679 Tryals Sir G. Wakeman, W. Marshall, W. Rumley, & J. Corker 83 These mens Bloods are at stake.
1736 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. VI. 410 This silver, was no other than the blood of nations.
1797 H. Luson Conciliation 77 We risk the still greater mischief of being involved in a continental war, ever attended with a profuse, consumptive waste of blood and treasure.
1855 B. Taylor Poems of Orient 136 Vino d'oro! vino d'oro!—Golden blood of Lebanon!
1879 Trans. Lit. & Hist. Soc. Quebec, 1877–9 103 These traders and agents value the dollars more than human blood.
1948 Press Digest No.5 35 Our ancestors gave their blood for South Africa.
1992 A. D. Harvey Collision of Empires iii. xvi. 707 The waste of blood [sc. in the Second World War] was much less,..the waste of overall economic resources much greater.
5. Blood regarded as the inherited characteristic (later as the vehicle of hereditary characteristics) distinguishing members of a common family, nation, breed, etc., from other groups. Now chiefly with distinguishing adjective.
a. In persons.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinship group > stock, race, or family > [noun] > blood of
bloodc1325
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 989 (MED) Scottes hom sende wimmen..In þis manere picars mid scottes mengd hor blod.
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xi. l. 193 For alle are we crystes creatures..And bretheren as of o blode.
c1451 J. Capgrave Life St. Gilbert (1910) 63 Than was þis man medeled with too blodis, Norman of þe fader side, Englisch of þe moderis side.
1608 Yorkshire Trag. sig. A4v Y'are a gentleman by many bloods.
1611 Bible (King James) Acts xvii. 26 [God] hath made of one blood all nations of men. View more context for this quotation
1734 A. Pope Ess. Man: Epist. IV 201 Your ancient but ignoble blood Has crept thro' Scoundrels ever since the Flood.
1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. 203 So many different bloods is a man said to contain in his veins, as he hath lineal ancestors.
1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. 34 The pure blood of the ancient citizens.
1838 T. Arnold Hist. Rome I. ii. 25 A mixed race in which other blood was largely mixed with that of the Latins.
1868 Contemp. Rev. 8 560 The difficulty is, not to produce minglement of race, but to keep blood pure.
1870 B. Disraeli Lothair I. ix. 59 But we are kin; we have the same blood in our veins.
1876 ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda III. vi. xlii. 235 There's been a good filtering of our blood into high families.
1884 Sat. Rev. 26 July 118 Proving the existence of Australioid blood in our veins.
1907 G. Massey Anc. Egypt I. 70 Royal blood is the blood to be sacredly or very carefully preserved from any base admixture.
1927 O. Skinner Mad Folk of Theatre viii. 237 The noble blood of the great Lord Halifax had been strained through too many generations of common stuff.
1970 D. Brown Bury my Heart at Wounded Knee ii. 15 Many of the Mexicans had Indian blood.
2002 A. Pearson I don't know how she does It (2003) xvi. 159 ‘I did not say I was French, Jack. I said I had French blood in me.’ He laughs: ‘What next? Cherokee?’
b. In horses or other domesticated animals.
ΚΠ
1755 Connoisseur 10 Apr. 374 Above all, we should admire the noble Blood which flowed in his veins.
1841 C. H. Smith Nat. Hist. Horses (Naturalist's Libr.: Mammalia XII) 275 Stock..always distinctly bearing the spinal streak down to the tail, even when deeply mixed with the noblest blood or divergent into the chestnut or Alezan livery.
1883 W. H. Lynch Sci. Butter-making 57 I am of the opinion that cows with an equal mixture of Shorthorn, Ayrshire and Jersey blood would be the best dairy cow.
1900 Outing Dec. 274/1 Largely infused with Eastern blood..by Barb stallions and mares..it was again reinfused with Arab blood in the early part of this century.
1920 Hunter, Trader, Trapper Oct. 61 This pair of dogs look to have mostly greyhound blood in them with just enough stag-hound blood to make their hair a little coarse.
1999 M. Babson Company of Cats 142 ‘Probably a bit of Siamese blood in there somewhere,’ Cindy said. ‘They talk a lot.’
6. In oaths and asseverations, chiefly with direct or euphemistic reference to the blood of Christ, as Christ's blood!, God's blood!, etc. Also as int.Cf. Gog's blood at Gog n.1 2, od's blood int. at od n.1 and int. Compounds 1, 'Sblood n., wound n. 1c.
ΚΠ
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1661 Laban..seide to him, ‘bi min blod, Ðin come is me leflike and good.’]
c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Physician/Pardoner Link (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 2 Oure hoost gan to swere..Harrow..by nayles and by blood.
a1450 Castle Perseverance (1969) l. 877 I make avow be Goddys blod.
1541 T. Wyatt Defence in K. Muir Life & Lett. (1963) 200 Goddes bloud, the Kinge sett me in the tower.
a1593 C. Marlowe Tragicall Hist. Faustus (1616) sig. E3v Bloud he speakes terribly.
1607 T. Heywood Woman Kilde with Kindnesse sig. D3v Sblood sir I loue you.
1650 Pembrokes Enaration (single sheet) And now (Gods Blood) I know not what to doe, Death sweares he'le have me, and some others too.
1762 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy V. xxi. 89 Blood an' ounds, shouted the corporal.
1773 R. Graves Spiritual Quixote I. ii. ii. 42 Instead of ‘Od's blood, od's wounds, or pox take you;’ Jerry was content with ‘Odsbodikins, odszounterkins, pok-i-cat take you,’ and the like.
1797 ‘P. Pindar’ in Monthly Visitor July 88 God's blood! I'll have my way! Quick, quick; or, d——n me, parsons, I'll unfrock ye!
1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto VIII i. 111 Oh blood and thunder! and oh blood and wounds!—These are but vulgar oaths, as you may deem, Too gentle reader! and most shocking sounds.
1843 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last of Barons I. i. vi. 102 By the blood! this is couthly and marvellously blazoned.
1856 G. H. Boker Poems (1857) II. 66 'Ods blood! I hate them!
1890 M. A. Craig tr. G. Verga House by Medlar-tree xiii. 236 But by Our Lady's blood! one time or another, I'll beat it about his head, that sabre of his.
1917 E. Pound Personae (1949) 260 Nor did disgust prove such a strong emetic That we, with Masefield's vein, in the next sentence Record ‘Odd's blood! Ouch! Ouch!’ a prayer, his swift repentance.
1988 V. Henley Hawk & Dove 105 By God's blood, there's arrogance for you.
2002 M. K. Washburn Rose without Thorn 40 Oh Christ's blood, my legs are cramping!
II. Senses relating to family and lineage.
7.
a. Ties of birth or heredity, esp. those connecting a person to his or her parents or ancestors; family background, lineage, descent; (also more widely) nationality, ethnicity, race.With reference to kinship see also second in blood at second n.2 1a, stranger in blood at stranger n. 6, proximity of blood at proximity n. 1. With reference to race see also full-blood n., gutter-blood n., mixed blood n., pure blood n. 1, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > race > [noun]
strindc900
bloodOE
gest13..
strainc1330
nationa1382
kindc1390
markc1395
prosapy?a1475
stock1549
stem?c1550
caste1555
spring1597
race1612
issue1620
nationality1832
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > [noun] > blood-relationship
bloodOE
alliancec1325
consanguinityc1380
cognation1382
allyc1425
sanguinityc1470
kin1548
blood bond1645
kinship1786
blood relationship1793
blood affinity1820
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > lineage or descent > [noun]
kinc892
strindc900
i-cundeOE
bloodOE
kindredOE
birtha1250
strainc1275
gesta1300
offspring?a1300
lineagea1330
descentc1330
linec1330
progenya1382
generationc1384
engendrurec1390
ancestry?a1400
genealogya1400
kind?a1400
stranda1400
coming?a1425
bedc1430
descencec1443
descension1447
ligneea1450
originc1450
family1474
originala1475
extraction1477
nativityc1485
parentelea1492
stirpc1503
stem?c1550
race1563
parentage1565
brood1590
ancientry1596
descendance1599
breeding1600
descendancy1603
delineation1606
extract1631
ancestory1650
agnation1782
havage1799
engendure1867
OE Rule St. Benet (Tiber.) (1888) lxix.115 Etiamsi qualibet consanguinitatis propinquitate jungantur : þeah þe hig mid ænigre mægsibbe blodes sibbe beon geþeodde.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 19183 Þatt hallȝhe flocc þatt borenn iss Off godd o swillke wise [through baptism] & nohht off blod, noff flæshess lusst.
c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Cambr.) (1901) 177 We beoþ..Icome of gode kenne, Of Cristene blode & kynges suþe gode.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1452 He was bi-geten of kinde blod.
a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) l. 10644 He was man of gentyl blode.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 6226 His brother of blud.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. x. sig. Y5v Three hundred Lords he slew Of British blood.
1653 H. Holcroft tr. Procopius Persian Wars i. 7 in tr. Procopius Hist. Warres Justinian No Government to be conferr'd upon strangers in blood; but such onely to have the place, to whose race it did belong.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 429 And the cold Nursians come to close the Reer: Mix'd with the Natives born of Latine Blood.
1721 T. Bolton Sermon 14 That Prince..who by Proximity of Blood succeeded in that Line or Family.
1798 E. H. Bay Rep. Cases Superior Courts S.-Carolina 109 Covenant to stand seised..cannot be supported except by consideration of blood.
1807 G. Crabbe Parish Reg. iii, in Poems 115 They prov'd the Blood, but were refus'd the Land.
1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People vii. §8. 434 The..English law..made treasonable any marriage of the Englishry with persons of Irish blood.
1953 K. Tennant Joyful Condemned v. 46 His fleshy hooked nose..suggested Jewish blood, but he claimed he was black Irish.
1963 Internat. Year Bk. 274/1 The word [‘négritude’] referred to the elevating of Africa as a place toward which all people of Negro blood aspired spiritually.
1987 R. Curtis & B. Elton Blackadder the Third in R. Curtis et al. Blackadder: Whole Damn Dynasty (1998) 279/1 Mrs. M, is a particular kind of Frenchie. Namely, one who is transparently of noble blood but also short on cash.
b. In a horse or other domesticated animal: ancestry or pedigree (of a particular type).Cf. pure blood n. 2a, thorough-blood adj. at thorough- prefix 2.
ΚΠ
1711 Ld. Shaftesbury Characteristicks III. Misc. iv. ii. 218 It is this chiefly which makes the difference between the Horse of good Blood, and an errant Jade of a base Breed.
1825 N. H. Smith Breeding for Turf 5 The pedigree of Eclipse affords a singular illustration of the descent of our thorough-bred horses from pure Eastern blood.
1854 Ohio Cultivator 10 96/2 A few yellow and white Shanghai fowls of pure blood.
1895 C. B. Lowe Breeding Racehorses 180 He will always do best with a strong return to his stout Blacklock, Bird-catcher, and Glencoe blood.
1902 Encycl. Brit. XXV. 190/2 When Shorthorn breeders of to-day talk of ‘Booth blood’, or of ‘Bates blood’, they refer to animals descended from the respective herds of Thomas Booth and Thomas Bates.
1968 Observer's Bk. Horses & Ponies (rev. ed.) 191 In Poland a half-bred horse is one which has English thoroughbred, Arab, or Anglo-Arab blood on at least one side of his pedigree.
2004 Bar U & Canad. Ranching Hist. 30/1 Among them are a number of pedigree cows and bulls of Shorthorn blood.
8.
a. Persons of a specified family or lineage collectively; blood relations, kindred.In quot. 1525: close kin.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinship group > stock, race, or family > [noun]
kinc825
strindc900
maegtheOE
i-cundeeOE
birdeOE
houseOE
kindOE
kindreda1225
bloodc1300
strainc1330
lineage?a1366
generationa1382
progenya1382
stock1382
nationc1395
tribec1400
ligneea1450
lifec1450
family1474
prosapy?a1475
parentage1490
stirpc1503
pedigree1532
racea1547
stem?c1550
breed1596
progenies1673
familia1842
uji1876
c1300 St. Edward Elder (Laud) l. 7 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 47 (MED) Þe Quene louede hire owene [sone] ase ech man deth is blod.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 8240 (MED) Þe sarazins..wende..to helpe hor kunde blod.
c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 4599 Ne shulde no gentil kniȝth..no..beggers blood brynge in heiȝe wyke.
?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 102 The whiche kyng..was slayn in bataylle & all the gode blood of his reme [Egerton all þe grete men; Fr. tot le bon sang].
?c1430 (?1382) J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) III. 515 Alle lordis and ladies, and here blod and affinite.
1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. ccxlii. [ccxxxviii.] 748 To se suche difference within ye realme, and bytwene his nephues and blode.
a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 38/1 A long continued grudge and hearte brennynge betwene the Quenes kinred and the kinges blood.
a1649 W. Drummond Hist. Scotl. (1655) 2 He being now matched with the Royall Blood of England in Marriage.
1681 J. Dryden Absalom & Achitophel 20 By that one Deed Enobles all his Bloud.
1793 R. Burns Poems (ed. 2) II. 85 Three noble chieftains, and all of his blood, The jovial contest again have renew'd.
1838 T. Arnold Hist. Rome I. 107 He [sc. Brutus] had loved justice more than his own blood.
1884 W. C. Smith Kildrostan 66 Your ancestors were..mated with the best blood of the land.
1909 P. S. Marden Trav. Spain xvi. 392 The magnificent buildings were tenanted by a select body of religious brethren, recruited from the noblest blood of Spain.
1992 R. Kenan Let Dead bury their Dead i. 5 People will accept some pretty outrageous behavior from their own blood, and after all it was just talking.
†b. A family descended from a common ancestor; a sept (sept n.1 1). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinship group > clan > [noun]
surname1455
sept1518
clana1522
gentility1583
blooda1599
horde1826
gens1855
a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 25 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) Every chiefe of a sept standeth so bound to the Law, for every man of his blood or sept that is under him, and hee made great, by the commaunding of them all.
1612 J. Davies Discouerie Causes Ireland 104 Fiue principal blouds, or Septs, of the Irishry, were by speciall grace enfranchised.
9.
a. Aristocratic birth; ‘good’ family or parentage; gentility. Cf. birth n.1 2b, blue blood n.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > [noun] > of birth
gentricec1300
blooda1387
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 181 A noble man of blood [L. nobilis genere].
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) viii. l. 1633 Thei be worthi men of blod.
c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. l. 1199 (MED) Þei ne spare nouther blood nor age.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. aiiv Bostyng hym self of his auncesters & kynred, or of his richesse or blode.
1642 T. Fuller Holy State v. xix. 436 Others were upstarts, men of no bloud.
1684 T. Tryon Country-man's Compan. iii. 97 Every one must give an Account of his Stewardship. No Punctilio's of Gentility, or Birth, or Blood, or Titles, or Estate will stand thee in stead.
1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France I. 97 Blood enjoys a thousand exclusive privileges.
1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 209 The highest pride of blood.
1860 R. W. Emerson Behaviour in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 155 The obstinate prejudice in favour of blood, which lies at the base of the feudal and monarchical fabrics of the Old World.
1922 H. A. Larsen Knut Hamsun 5 By virtue of his blood and birth he had his roots in a community characterized by an unusually firm and solid culture.
1997 L.G. Cochrane tr. V. Ferrone in M. Vovelle Enlightenm. Portraits v. 203 Reconciliation of the old privileges of blood and rank and the new rights of merit and talent.
b. In a domesticated animal, esp. a horse: good parentage or breeding; good stock or pedigree. Also attributive or as adj.: of pure breed, thoroughbred; = blooded adj. 3.See also blood horse n. at Compounds 5, blood mare n. at Compounds 5.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > domestic animal > [noun] > livestock > stock or breed > good breed
pure blooda1675
blood1757
segeneration1888
1757 R. Heber Hist. List Horse-matches Run 164 Appears to be a Horse of as much Blood and every Particular that requires Examination.
1793 Sporting Mag. 2 334/1 That famous horse Eclipse, whose excellence in speed, blood, pedigree, and progeny, will be, perhaps, transmitted to the end of time.
1816 J. Scott Paris Revisited vii. 188 That quality which may be termed the nobility of animal nature; which is called blood, and game, in the inferior creatures.
1859 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Sept. 269/1 The limbs..of a cleanness and beauty of outline enough alone to stamp blood on their possessor.
1860 R. E. Egerton-Warburton Hunting Songs (ed. 2) 116 In horses and hounds there is nothing like blood.
1872 L. F. Allen Hist. Short-horn Cattle vii. 156 It is altogether probable that..knowing little of either breeds, or blood cattle in those days, [people] let the stock ‘run out’, and they became lost in the common herds of the country.
1908 K. Grahame Wind in Willows x. 231 He's a blood horse, he is, partly; not the part you see, of course—another part.
1998 P. McCann & S. Collins Drogheda 44/1 These were the half breeds, sired by a blood stallion out of an Irish draught mare.
†10. A blood relative. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > [noun] > close relative
nigha1382
necessaryc1384
bloodc1400
germane1490
prochain?1529
cousin brother1847
cousin sister1881
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 686 Uche blod in þat burne [sc. Abraham] blessed schal worþe.
a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1881) ii. l. 594 Now beth nought wroth my blod my nece dere.
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xvi. 198 Alas and waloway, My chyld that was me lefe! My luf, my blood, my play, That neuer dyd man grefe!
1741 H. Walpole Corr. I. 99 I have so many cousins, and uncles, and aunts and bloods that grow in Norfolk.
III. States of mind and body.
11. Mental or emotional disposition; temperament (see blooded adj. 2); (also) temporary state of mind or feeling; mood, temper. Cf. humour n. 5.Sometimes with allusion to blood as a humour, the condition of which was thought to determine a person's mental or emotional state or disposition. Cf. note at sense 1.bad, cool, cold, hot, ill blood: see the first element. Cf. also black-blooded adj. 1, mad-blooded adj. at mad adj. Compounds 1, sober-blooded adj. at sober adj. Compounds 1, sweet-blooded adj. at sweet adj. and adv. Compounds 1c, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > seat of the emotions > [noun] > blood
bloodc1275
eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xxvii. 187 Monige beoð ðeah bliðe & eac unbliðe ðara ðe for nanum woruldðingum nahwæðer doð, buton for ðæs blodes styringe & for lichoman medtrymnesse [L. non rebus fiunt, sed conspersionibus existunt].]
c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) l. 1350 For wummon beoþ of softe blode.
c1330 Seven Sages (Auch.) (1933) l. 333 Al achaunged was hire blod.
1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iv. iii. 38 When you perceiue his bloud inclind to mirth. View more context for this quotation
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xvi. 63 Wer't my fitnes To let these hands obay my bloud . View more context for this quotation
1629 P. Massinger Roman Actor iv. ii. sig. H3v Carrie her to her Chamber..till in cooler bloud I shall determine of her.
1704 J. Swift Full Acct. Battel between Bks. in Tale of Tub 241 Hot Words passed..and ill Blood was plentifully bred.
1704 J. Trapp Abra-Mule ii. i. 544 Melancholy Blood retards the Springs Of his unactive Soul.
1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker III. 198 The rogue proves to be a crab of my own planting in the days of hot blood and unrestrained libertinism.
1778 E. Pendleton Let. 4 Oct. in Lett. & Papers (1967) I. 272 Gates and Wilkenson have been cannonading each other, however not drawing any of their angry blood, the rancor yet remains.
1823 C. Lamb in London Mag. May 536/2 Many and hot were the skirmishes on this topic..and bad blood bred.
1868 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest II. viii. 266 The extinction of human life in cold blood.
1954 Shakespeare Q. 5 346 Lady Macbeth believes melancholy blood can in some way impede and nullify the operations of conscience.
2000 ‘Bidisha’ Too Fast to Live i. 30 She can feel anger spiking her blood as she watched the instructor chumming up with Rex.
2001 Adrenalin No. 9. 76/3 Pot smoking, quite frankly, a bit sad and passé, still does wonders for cooling the hot blood.
12. Passion, ardour; spirit; esp. (a) high emotion; anger, rage; (b) boldness, courage; fighting spirit (cf. bloodless adj. 2).See also to have one's (also †the) blood up at Phrases 1e, to make (someone's) blood boil at Phrases 1h, to move a person's blood at move v. 25c. Cf. milk-blooded adj. at milk n.1 and adj. Compounds 3a, whey-blooded adj. at whey n. Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > [noun] > seat of anger
bloodc1300
c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Cambr.) (1901) l. 868 (MED) Horn him gan to agrise, & his blod arise.
c1330 Otuel (Auch.) (1882) 70 (MED) Tydinges..Þat a-moeuede al here blod.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5054 Quen þe tan þe toþer sei Na wight moght þair blodes lei.
c1475 Seven Sages (Egerton) (1933) l. 451 (MED) He gan to chaffe his blode.
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iv. ii. 266 My rage was blinde, And foule immaginarie eyes of blood Presented thee more hideous then thou art. View more context for this quotation
1646 G. Buck Hist. Life Richard III ii. 61 High in bloud and anger.
a1791 J. Wesley Wks. (1830) XIII. 221 I do nothing rashly—the highday of my blood is over.
1813 T. Busby tr. Lucretius Nature of Things iii. 322 The curbless rage inflames his savage blood.
1821 Ld. Byron Marino Faliero (2nd issue) iii. i. 68 All the pregnant hearts of our bold blood, Moulder'd into a mite of ashes.
1840 C. F. Hoffman Greyslaer I. v. 221 You great boy you, to let your blood get above your brain for a moment, because a theatrical girl is mad enough to scoff at you!
1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xlix. 72 When the blood creeps, and the nerves prick And tingle. View more context for this quotation
1918 W. F. Stone Hist. Colorado I. xli. 849 A union miner..was instantly killed. This inflamed the blood of the strikers.
1992 T. Enright tr. S. O'Crohan Day in our Life (1993) 144 We had a couple of tots of whiskey, and a couple more. As these were taking effect, the blood began to warm up inside us and the courage to rise.
2004 N. Gingrich & W. Forstchen Grant comes East 255 Ten batteries..fired a salute of fifty guns,..stirring the blood.
13. As (implicitly) contrasted with the mind or the spirit: the physical nature of man; (hence) animal passions; base or fleshly appetites. Cf. flesh and blood n. 1. rare in later use.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > sensuous pleasure > sensuality > [noun] > the fleshly nature of man
fleshc1200
carrion1377
flesh-lusta1400
sensualityc1405
fleshlinessa1425
blooda1599
c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1905) II. 357 Semiramis þat was burnand in lichorie & thristie in blude.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Kviiiv Their blode & ymaginacion is sore troubled.
a1599 R. Rollock Lect. Epist. Paul to Colossians (1603) xxxiv. 361 Thou makes thy selfe a slaue to the foule appetite of flesh and bloud.
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice i. ii. 18 The braine may deuise lawes for the blood, but a hote temper leapes ore a colde decree. View more context for this quotation
1602 B. Jonson Poetaster iv. i. sig. F4v This straight-bodied Citty attire..will stirre a Courtiers blood, more, then the finest loose Sackes the Ladies vse to be put in. View more context for this quotation
1606 J. Marston Parasitaster i. sig. A4v Nor euer shall those manacles of forme Once more lock vp the appetite of bloud.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) iv. i. 53 The strongest oathes, are straw To th' fire ith' blood . View more context for this quotation
1670 Earl of Clarendon Ess. in Tracts (1727) 166 The lustful and voluptuous Person, who sacrifices the Strength and Vigour of his Body to the Rage and Temptation of his Blood.
1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 20 Drank Punch..and by their Intemperance, inflam'd their Blood.
1861 M. Reid Wild Huntress I. iv. 46 Human blood cannot bear the proximity of those pretty lips.
1910 Amer. Mag. Aug. 562/1 'Tis life itself that sets the snare Whose bait is more than blood can bear.
IV. A person.
†14. With distinguishing word: a living being; a person; (in later use) esp. a young man. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > [noun]
shaftc888
blooda1325
livera1382
creaturea1387
live-wight1610
animate1642
life form1850
vitality1851
bioform1958
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1192 A ðhusant plates of siluer god Gaf he sarra, ðat faire blod.
c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 4382 (MED) Þou fel treytour, vnkinde blod.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1961) Deut. xxvii. 25 Þat he smyte þe soule of þe Innosent blood [L. sanguinis innocentis].
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 1055 (MED) Þis abel was a blissed blod.
a1450 Seven Sages (Cambr. Dd.1.17) (1845) l. 681 The fule thefe, the unky[n]de blode.
1537 Bible (Matthew's) 2 Sam. xiii. 28 Then Absalom commaunded his young men saying: marke when Amnons hert is mery with wyne, & when I bid you smyte Amnon then kill him: feare not, for it is I þat bid you, be bolde therfore & playe the lusty bloudes.
1589 Mar-Martine sig. A2v Cracke me this nut, thou gentle blood, Whose father was but Robin-hood.
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) ii. i. 278 As many and as well-borne bloods as those. View more context for this quotation
1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 49 The Newes..put diuers Young Bloods into such a furie.
15. Frequently in plural.
a. A rowdy or foppish young man; a rake, a dandy. rare and archaic in later use, except in young blood n. 1. [Probably originally represents a development from sense 12, with allusion to individuals characterized as passionate, impulsive, and high-spirited, although it has from an early date been associated with sense 9 and hence applied in particular to people of aristocratic lineage with these personal qualities; compare similar development in several of the Germanic languages cited in the etymology.]
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > profligacy, dissoluteness, or debauchery > [noun] > person
unthriftc1330
riotor1389
rioterc1440
palliard1484
skyrgalliarda1529
rakehellc1560
ranger1560
rakeshame1598
dissolute1608
pavement-beater1611
rakell1622
ranter1652
huzza1660
whorehopper1664
profligate1679
rakehellonian1692
rake1693
buck1725
blood1749
gay blade1750
have-at-alla1761
rakehellyc1768
hell-rake?1774
randan1779
rip1781
roué1781
hell-raker1816
tiger1827
raver1960
dog1994
1749 H. Walpole Corr. (1837) I. 140 Anecdotes of the doctor's drinking, who, as the man told us, had been a blood.
1762 O. Goldsmith Citizen of World I. xxix. 121 Where Calvert's butt, and Parson's black champaign, Regale the drabs and bloods of Drury lane.
1789 Better Sort Epil. 49 Ye beaux, bucks, bloods and fops and pretty fellows. Who complaisance and gallantry inherit.
1829 J. K. Paulding Tales of Good Woman iii. 277 Hear, or rather see this, ye bucks and bloods of merry London! ye loungers at the play; ye smokers of the best Virginia; ye tavern lovers of the first quality!
1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) x. 83 A perfect and celebrated ‘blood’, or dandy about town.
1920 A. Huxley Limbo 85 A Nut, a descendant of the bloods and Champagne Charlies of earlier days.
1998 S. Laurens Devil's Bride vi. 72 Many of the bucks and bloods who had come up from London stayed for the final scene.
b. At public schools and some universities: a person whose dress or behaviour is emulated by others; a leader of fashion. Now rare and archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > fashionableness > [noun] > one who or that which sets fashion
mode1712
blood1763
fashionist1815
trend-setter1960
society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific classes of common people > fashionable society > [noun] > member of > male
gallant1388
wamfler15..
rutter1506
younkera1522
fine gentleman1575
cavalier1589
whisker1595
jinglespur1604
bravery1616
brisk1621
chevalier1630
man about town1647
man of mode1676
man of distinction1699
sprag1707
sparky1756
blood1763
swell1786
Corinthian1819
galliard1828
mondain1833
toff1851
flâneur1854
Johnny1883
silver-tail1898
knut1911
lounge lizard1918
old buster1919
Hooray Henry1959
1763 in London Chron. 3 July 18/2 Let the young smarts, and bucks, and bloods of the university, lay aside their apprehensions.
1783 Hibernian Mag. Dec. 356 During your stay at College, form some connection with bloods.
1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 8 Mar. 7/1 The result was that the new party won by 127 to 103... A great triumph for the Bloods—as we are accustomed to call them—who mustered in great force to defeat Mr. Childers.
1893 Granta 9 June 374/2 A Committee, consisting of a blood, a Girtonian, and a resident married M.A., shall supervise all flirtations.
1896 Granta 16 May 310/1 Mifflin and 'is friends talked..an' said 'ow much better Cambridge'd be if there wasn't no ‘bloods’ to spoil things.
1955 Times 25 Aug. 11/5 The rugger match dinner at the Trocadero with a select club of ‘bloods’.
1992 B. Watson Eng. Schoolboy Stories 31 At a fictional public school..based on the actual Radley College..Orr draws Els into a fashionable circle of ‘bloods’.
16. slang. A passenger on a ship. Now rare, perhaps disused.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > one who travels by water or sea > [noun] > passenger or types of
sitter1653
steerage-passenger1822
blood1929
cruiser1940
1824 M. H. Barker Greenwich Hosp. in London Lit. Gaz. 26 June 412/2 Just then the word was pass'd for the coach-horses and bloods (that's the barge and galley's crews) to get harness'd and be in readiness to go ashore on duty.]
1929 F. C. Bowen Sea Slang 14 Bloods, the modern steward's name for the passengers—used only when they are regarded kindly.
1962 Harper's Bazaar Dec. 74/3 Stewards will help you... Behind your back they will call you a ‘blood’—..they themselves being ‘wingers’—and wonder how much ‘rent’ you will pay them at the end of the voyage.
17. slang (originally and chiefly in African-American usage). Also with capital initial. A black person; (occasionally) (with the) black people collectively. Also (chiefly as a form of address): a close (male) friend; cf. brother n. 4d.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > black person > [noun]
AfriceOE
MoorOE
EthiopOE
blomana1225
Ethiopiana1325
blue mana1387
Moriana1387
black mana1398
blackamoor1525
black Morian1526
black boy1530
molen1538
Nigro1548
Nigrite1554
Negro1555
neger1568
nigger1577
blackfellow1598
Kaffir1607
black1614
thick-lipsa1616
Hubsheea1627
black African1633
blackface1704
sambo1704
Cuffee1713
Nigritian1738
fellow1753
Cuff1755
blacky1759
mungo1768
Quashie1774
darkie?1775
snowball1785
blue skin1788
Moriscan1794
sooterkin1821
nigc1832
tar-brush1835–40
Jim Crow1838
sooty1838
mokec1847
dinge1848
monkey1849
Siddi1849
dark1853
nigre1853
Negroid1860
kink1865
Sam1867
Rastus1882
schvartze1886
race man1896
possum1900
shine1908
jigaboo1909
smoke1913
golliwog1916
jazzbo1918
boogie1923
jig1924
melanoderm1924
spade1928
jit1931
Zulu1931
eight ball1932
Afro1942
nigra1944
spook1945
munt1948
Tom1956
boot1957
soul brother1957
nig-nog1959
member1962
pork chop1963
splib1964
blood1965
non-voter1966
moolinyan1967
Oreo1968
boogaloo1972
pongo1972
moolie1988
1965 F. Bonham Durango St. 105 Why should we do that for a bunch of nig–... Esscuse me, brothers. I meant bloods.
1967 ‘Iceberg Slim’ Pimp vi. 132 'Blood', you sure know what to say... I love you, 'Blood'. We gonna be tight.
1979 D. Thoreau City at Bay vi. 48 They can kill as many honkies as they want but if they try to mess with the blood they gonna be sorry.
1997 ‘Q’ Deadmeat 46 Sounds like there's a lot of politics going on, blood.
2001 Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg) 18 May 26/2 We bloods..were watching the antics of our witchdoctor cousins with embarrassed concentration.
2004 E. Conlon Blue Blood x. 401 I swear, Officer, I did not touch another woman, I was sniffin' coke with my bloods all night!
V. Technical and specialized uses.
†18. With the. A disease of sheep characterized by sudden collapse and (usually) death, with reddish discoloration of tissues; (perhaps) braxy. Also: a similar disorder affecting other livestock. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of cattle, horse, or sheep > [noun] > disorders of sheep or pigs
blood?1523
shaking1642
blood disease1811
?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xxiii There is a sekenesse among shepe is called the blode.
1616 G. Markham tr. C. Estienne et al. Maison Rustique (rev. ed.) i. xxv. 114 Sheepe are subiect to the Scab, Cough, and Bloud.
1736 Compl. Family-piece iii. 426 The Blood in Sheep..we take to be a sort of Measles or Pox.
1787 G. Winter New Syst. Husbandry 223 A disorder [in swine] generally called (in this part of the country) the blood.
1834 W. Percivall Hippopathology I. 17 The blood in sheep, a disorder to which the French give the name of maladie de sang, is the effect of plethora and cerebral congestion, induced by luxuriant pasture and other causes similar to the above.
†19. A commercial name for: precious red coral, Corallium nobile. Cf. blood coral n. at Compounds 5. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > coral > [noun]
red coralc1305
blood1824
1824 tr. J. V. F. Lamouroux Corallina 227 Fifteen different varieties are distinguished in the course of commerce, which, from their colour and degrees of beauty, obtain the several names of froth of blood; flower of blood; first, second, third blood, &c [Fr. Corail écume de sang; Cor. fleur de sang; Cor. 1er, 2d, 3me sang, etc.].
1861 R. T. Hulme tr. C. H. Moquin-Tandon Elements Med. Zool. ii. iii. ii. 88 Five varieties of Coral are known in commerce..1, the Froth of Blood; 2nd the Flower of Blood; 3rd, 4th, and 5th, Blood of the first, second, and third quality.
20. = blood horse n. at Compounds 5.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by breed > [adjective] > thoroughbred or highly bred
blooded1776
blood-like1796
blood1824
line-bred1891
1824 Album Jan. 22 He was a spark of quality, who drove four bloods, and cut his own coats.
1851 Benares Mag. Aug. 699 The contest swift of harnessed steeds... The fifth drove bloods from Thessaly, the sixth Ætolian fillies of the golden bay.
1972 J. D. Wilton Horse & his Educ. 15 Horses of all breeds: Bloods, Arabs, Welsh ponies, [etc.].
21. = Blood Indian n. at Compounds 5. Also with plural unchanged.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > Plains Indian > [noun] > Algonquian
Piegan1772
Cheyenne1778
Fall Indian1779
Blackfoot1796
Minnetaree1805
Plains Cree1810
Siksika1843
blood1844
Prairie Cree1863
Gros Ventre1868
Wood Cree1885
Wood Cree1910
1844 R. Greenhow Hist. Oregon & Calif. xii. 262 The tribes of Indians through which he passed were called the Muskego, Shipewyan, Cithnistinee, Great-belly, Beaver, Blood, [etc.].
1853 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Indian Affairs (U.S.) 219 The Gros-ventres..could easily be induced to till the soil... The Bloods and Blackfeet will require more time and patience.
1863 Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 12 249 The Blackfeet inhabit a portion of country farther north than the Bloods.
1901 W. A. Fraser Outcasts iii. 70 I..have outrun the fastest Buffalo Horses of the Bloods and Blackfeet.
1957 Encycl. Canadiana I. 403/1 Together with the Piegan and the Blood, they [sc. the Blackfoot] covered an enormous area of the western prairies and lower foothills of the Rockies.
2006 D. G. McCrady Living with Strangers viii. 91 A party of Sioux stole forty horses from the Bloods.
22. = blood orange n. at Compounds 6.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > citrus fruit > [noun] > orange > types of orange
Seville orange1593
bigarade1658
Tangerine orange1710
mikan1727
mandarin1771
naartjie1790
blood orange1806
blood-red orange1826
Tangerine1842
navel orange1856
Florida orange1861
Bengal quince1866
noble orange1866
blood1867
satsuma1881
citrange1903
tangelo1904
sour orange1920
clementine1926
ortanique1936
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > citrus fruit > orange > types of orange
Seville orange1593
kumquat1699
Tangerine orange1710
mikan1727
mandarin1771
naartjie1790
blood orange1806
St. Michael'sc1830
Tangerine1842
navel orange1856
Florida orange1861
Bengal quince1866
noble orange1866
blood1867
Jaffa1881
satsuma1881
navel1882
citrange1903
tangelo1904
Valencia1915
sour orange1920
clementine1926
minneola1931
ortanique1936
1867 Florist & Pomologist Mar. 54 Among full-sized Oranges the Maltese Blood takes the first rank.
1875 Bradford Observer 22 Apr. 4/4 Oranges: Bloods, 12s. 6d.; Valencias, 19s. per chest.
1907 N. Munro Daft Days i. 6 Oranges! Oranges!—rale New Year oranges, three a penny; bloods, a bawbee each!
1968 Redlands (Calif.) Daily Facts 6 Jan. 12/2 The blood orange tree produced plenty of fruit but it turned out that no one wanted bloods.
1992 J. Crace Arcadia i. ii. 19 There were common blonds and bloods and navels—oranges from twenty nations of the world.
23. slang. A (cheap) work of fiction characterized by bloodshed and violence; esp. a magazine or comic book containing sensationally violent stories. Now historical and archaic.Cf. blood-book n. at Compounds 5, blood tale n. at Compounds 5, penny blood n. at penny n. Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > narrative or story > novel > [noun] > sensational novel or thriller
sensation novel1856
penny dreadful1861
dime novel1864
curdler1872
dreadful1874
blood and thunder1876
penny awful1880
shilling dreadful1885
thrill1886
thriller1889
blood1892
terror novel1896
penny horrible1899
spine-thriller1912
roman noir1926
spine-chiller1940
scorcher1942
spine-tingler1942
spine-freezer1960
1892 Standard 22 Aug. 2/5 On the lad the Constable..found a number of copies of what are known as ‘penny bloods’.
1900 Cent. Mag. Sept. 912/2 His feats are described in the amazing sheets which the boys call ‘ha'penny bloods’, or ‘penny dreadfuls’.
1901 Thin Red Line May (2nd Battalion Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders) 7/1 [A recruit] who has read ‘bloods’ and ‘cow-boy’ yarns.
1940 A. J. Jenkinson What do Boys & Girls Read? iv. 64 For the sake of convenient and rapid reference, the term ‘bloods’ is here used to mean ‘the weekly, fortnightly, or monthly adventure and story papers and magazines for boys and girls’.
1942 ‘N. Blake’ in H. Haycraft Murder for Pleasure (new ed.) Introd. p. xxii The detective-novel proper is read almost exclusively by the upper and professional classes. The so-called ‘lower-middle’ and ‘working’ classes tend to read ‘bloods’, thrillers.
1960 R. Collier House called Memory ix. 132 My father now often said that it wouldn't do me a scrap of harm to read a few ‘twopenny bloods’, as boys' thrillers were called then.
2003 B. J. Frost Essent. Guide to Werewolf in Lit. 66 Although superior to the general run of these lurid thrillers—and, incidentally, one of the few ‘bloods’ still obtainable today—Wagner, the Wehr-Wolf is nonetheless a crude, hastily written potboiler of negligible literary merit.

Phrases

P1.
a. to the blood: to the point where blood flows; (also figurative) to an extreme or painful degree; ‘to the quick’.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > [adverb] > till the blood flows
to the blooda1400
the world > life > the body > skin > layer of skin > [adverb] > through outer skin
to the blooda1400
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [adverb] > in annoying or vexatious manner > extremely
soreOE
to the sensea1616
to the blood1617
excruciatingly1839
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 16230 (MED) I rede men..bete him to þe blod.
1617 S. Rowlands Bride sig. A2v Such Wenches vex me to the blood.
1680 Tryal Thomas, Earl of Strafford 497 Whosoever would resist, he would prosecute them to the Blood.
1727 M. W. Montagu Let. in I. Grundy Lady Mary Wortley Montagu (2001) xv. 259 I am vex'd to the blood by my young Rogue of a Son.
1812 tr. J.-M. Leprince de Beaumont Farmers, Mech., & Servants' Mag. 2 135 Had she whipped me to the blood every time I stole any thing from my school-fellows, I should have left it off.
1889 R. L. Stevenson Master of Ballantrae iv. 110 That he should thus leave me out in his dissimulation..galled me to the blood.
1903 Methodist Rev. Jan. 132 His pride [was] cut to the blood.
1994 T. Winton Riders (1995) xxiv. 186 It wasn't right,..and the enormity of it cut him to the blood.
b. Hunting. in blood: (originally of falcons, later also hounds) having been given an initial taste of the blood of the intended prey; trained to hunt (cf. blood v. 4a); (hence) in prime hunting condition; having a taste of or for blood; also figurative. out of blood: not recently exposed to the blood of the intended prey; out of hunting condition.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > [adverb] > healthily > in good health > fresh or vigorous
in blood1575
the world > action or operation > inaction > disinclination to act or listlessness > disinclined to act or listless [phrase] > without animation
out of blood1781
1575 G. Turberville Bk. Faulconrie 121 At the beginning rewarde hir and feede hir well vpon the quarrey..When she is well in bloude, and well quarried, then let hir flee with other hawkes.
1575 G. Turberville Bk. Faulconrie 187 Remember to flee with them assoone as you can, and that vntill they be perfectlye nousled and in bloud.
c1599 tr. A. de Ercilla Hist. Aravcana (1964) 17 Fearinge to be beseeged by the Conqueringe enemie (now in blood) the place beinge weake and yll victualled, they made no stay there.
1781 P. Beckford Thoughts on Hunting xxii. 282 When hounds are out of blood, there is a kind of evil genius attending all that they do..whilst a pack of fox-hounds well in blood, like troops flushed with conquest, are not easily withstood.
1839 Sporting Mag. May 40 Hounds out of blood will do nothing, but well in blood will draw, and hunt, and run.
1855 ‘Scrutator’ Horses & Hounds xxx. 191 I always fought for the hounds, and, by keeping them in blood and good heart, they always expected success to crown their efforts.
1908 Baily's Mag. July 24/2 Hounds were out of blood until the 16th, when from the meet at Flempton Bridge they drew up to Tuddenham Fen, put down their otter and killed her.
1983 M. Huskisson Outfoxed 179 (Gloss.) A pack which is ‘out of blood’ is one that has not killed for some time; while one that is ‘in blood’ has recently killed several times in quick succession.
†c. for the blood of a person (also for (a person's) blood): for the life of a person; though a person's life were at stake. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1670 tr. C. Deschamps Gentleman-apothecary 6 He could not for his blood but blurt out a laughing.
1694 R. L'Estrange Fables (ed. 2) 12 A Royston Crow..could not for his blood break the shell.
1720 E. Ward Delights of Bottle ii. 32 One swears its Poor, another Prick'd, The Vint'ner knows 'tis very good, Yet dares not say so, for his Blood.
?1775 J. Ryland Preceptor 228 For the blood of him he cannot tell how thought started into being.
1839 Dublin Univ. Mag. Nov. 601/2 Bill was so much of a rogue that he could not, for the blood of him, ask an honest wish.
1858 W. Carleton Black Baronet xxxi. 325 A sneer and a chuckle, which the ambiguous old sinner could not for the blood of him suppress.
d. to let blood.Frequently with indirect object indicating the recipient of the action, and with indirect passive.
(a) To extract a quantity of blood (from a person, animal, vein, or part of the body) for (supposed) therapeutic purposes, esp. by phlebotomy. Also in figurative contexts. Cf. bleed v. 9, blood v. 2a, bloodletting n. 1, let v.1 7. Now historical or archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > bloodletting > let blood [verb (intransitive)]
to let bloodeOE
evacuate1621
eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. xxxii. 232 Læt him blod þus..; sete glæs on oððe horn & teo þæt blod ut.
OE Prognostics (Tiber.) (2007) 406 Non est bona luna sanguinem minuere : nis na god mona blod lætan.
?a1200 (?OE) Peri Didaxeon (1896) 31 Þanne sceal þu hym læten blod mid cyrfetum betwex þan scoldrum.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 9471 Þu ært ilete [c1300 Otho hi-lete] blod and restest þe on bædde.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 11874 (MED) Hii..nome him as ilate blod he was.
a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 246 Necessarie for to haue a ȝong culuer..& lete hir blood in a veyne vndir hir wynge wiþ a nedle.
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Hunterian) f. 73v Ȝif þe veine ceilen be leten blood on þe riȝt side, it is good for akkes off þe liuer.
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost ii. i. 186 Is the foole sicke...Alacke, let it blood.
1614 G. Markham Cheape & Good Husb. i. 10 It is good whilst a horse is in youth..to let him blood twise in the yeere.
1679 Jesuites Ghostly Ways 7 She was the next morning early to be let blood.
1726 Dict. Rusticum (ed. 3) Red-water... This is also a Distemper in Sheep which is Cured by letting them blood in the foot.
1774 J. Wesley Let. 8 Jan. (1931) VI. 66 I was tapped by Mr. Wathen, and now..I am well and easy... The being tapped, if you have a skilful surgeon, is no more than being let blood.
a1821 J. Keats Ode to Fanny in R. M. Milnes Life, Lett. & Lit. Remains Keats (1848) II. 284 Physician Nature! let my spirit blood! O ease my heart of verse and let me rest.
1887 Lancet 29 Oct. 886/1 The obvious therapeutical indication is to lower the tension, to reduce the volume of blood. To accomplish this..the obvious remedy is to let blood.
1948 W. R. Benét Reader's Encycl. 4 Absolon, a priggish parish clerk in The Miller's Tale in Chaucer Canterbury Tales... He can let blood, cut hair, and shave, can dance, and play either on the ribible or the gittern.
1992 B. Unsworth Sacred Hunger xxxiv. 365 He had a sanguine constitution of body. I remember letting him blood on occasion.
2006 C. R. Burns et al. in R. E. Rakel Essent. Family Med. (ed. 3) iii. 28/2 Though an apprentice of Rush who ‘let blood’ from some of their patients in 1799, John Redman Coxe..did not agree with his teacher's rejection of ancient medical theory.
(b) In extended use: to cause to bleed, esp. by cutting; (also) to shed the blood of, kill. Cf. bloodletting n. 2.Frequently in figurative context or with punning allusion to Phrases 1d(a).
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > killing > kill [verb (intransitive)]
to shed blood?a1100
to let blood?c1225
to be (a person's) priesta1450
shortena1535
kill1535
to throw (also turn, etc.) over the perch1568
to trip (also turn, tumble, kick, etc.) up a person's heels1587
to make dice of (a person's) bones1591
to put out (also quench) a person's light(s)1599
account1848
to fix1875
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 89 Þe lette him [sc. Christ] blod oþe rode. naut on þe arm ane ach dude ofif halue. forto heale moncun.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 147 Þey [sc. Picts]..were ofte boistousliche i-lete blood and hadde many woundes.
1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III iii. i. 180 His auncient knot of dangerous aduersaries To morrow are let bloud at Pomfret Castle. View more context for this quotation
1654 Bp. J. Taylor Real Presence 254 The Montanists having sprinkled a little child with meal, let him blood, and of that made their Eucharistical bread.
1684 T. Southerne Disappointment i. i. 3 To prevent the growth of Cuckoldom, At their Expence they Physick the whole Camp, And make a War, only to let us Blood.
1701 E. Settle Virgin Prophetess v. 38 1st M. Instead of opening one of his own mad Veins, he opens half a Nations. 3d M. Right, Neighbour. And so they let us Blood for their Cure.
1807 W. Ioor Battle of Eutaw Springs v. 53 Let me blood with a soldiers lancet, if there is any body on this side of the Atlantic,..who cares a rush about the fate of..Oliver Matthew Queerfish, esquire.
1993 Sat. Night (Toronto) Feb. 27/2 Two hundred and fifty nights a year, Bret Hart..jumps off the top-ropes, kisses canvasses, lets blood and peers into unsightly mobs.
2000 S. Gilbert Tattoo Hist. v. 42 A woman cannot be tattooed during seed time nor if a dead person is lying unburied in the house, since it is pemali to let blood during these occasions.
e. to have one's (also †the) blood up and variants: to be in state of rage; to be in the mood for a fight (literal and figurative).
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1576 T. Newton tr. L. Lemnie Touchstone of Complexions i. ii. f. 18 Some of them when their bloud is vp, will rashlye and vnaduisedlye attempte any thinge, and not care for any perills.
?1615 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses (new ed.) xix. 290 The ready weapon when the bloud is vp, Doubles the vprore, heightned by the Cup.
1668 J. Burroughs Difference between Spots of Godly & of Wicked iii. 65 David, though his blood was up, yet when Abigal came and spake but reason to him, to shew to him what the evil of his sin was like to, Davids spirit falls.
1756 G. D. Hist. Lavinia Rawlins xiii. 95 She threw his new Tye-wig in the Fire, and whilst her Blood was up, would have sent him after it.
1829 G. Griffin Collegians II. xviii. 55 To use a vulgar but forcible expression, the blood of Hardress was now completely up.
1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar vii. 65 The blood of the people was up.
1919 ‘K. Mansfield’ Let. 9 Nov. (1993) III. 81 The monstrous idea of leaving you uninvited to contribute to the Mercury; my blood is up. Lets up and at em this winter.
2005 Sun (Nexis) 8 July I've played with and against these guys..and many of them could floor a bull when their blood is up.
f. to call for (a person's) blood and variants: to demand that (a person) be killed or (now more usually) punished; to seek revenge upon. Cf. to bay for (a person's) blood at bay v.1 Additions b.
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1594 True Trag. Richard III sig. I He like to a starued Lionesse still called for blood, saying that I should die.
1622 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. VI. O.T. xvi. 96 It pleased the wisdome and iustice of the Almightie..to call for the bloud of the Gibeonites.
1681 J. Dryden Spanish Fryar i. 7 Let Honour Call for my Bloud; and sluce it into streams.
1744 Proc. rel. to Late Election 82 The Moment they [sc. the soldiers] were gone, you will find Stones thrown into his Coach..and the People calling out for his Blood.
1776 J. O. Justamond tr. G. T. F. Raynal Philos. Hist. Europeans in Indies III. xiii. 425 He thinks with indignation on his native country, which, by the name of mother, calls for his blood instead of feeding him.
1805 Morning Post 17 Apr. 2/2 These names were given to the mob, who beset the Parliament, and the palace of the King, calling for the blood of Lord Strafford.
1874 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Jan. 86 Mill mistook him for a murderer, and called for his blood.
1928 R. W. Winston Andrew Johnson iii. vi. 448 A gallery which four years before gave three hearty cheers for the Union and for Andy Johnson of Tennessee now called for his blood.
1979 Daily Tel. 5 Sept. 6 He is well aware that the noisy and active minority who regard him as the totem of white supremacism will call for his blood.
1997 M. W. Cuneo Smoke of Satan (1999) ii. 40 Very rarely does the organization go so far as to call for the blood of its enemies.
2009 Times (Nexis) 16 Oct. 38 Surely it should be possible for someone in the public eye to say something silly..without everyone calling for their blood.
g.
(a) to turn (a person's) blood to poison (also gall, etc.): to embitter (a person), to fill with hatred or rancour; to infuriate.
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1607 G. Chapman Bussy D'Ambois iii. 41 Thy gall turns all thy blood to poison.
1682 E. Settle Heir of Morocco iii. 26 How she frets my Soul! Turns all my Blood to Gall.
1764 C. Churchill Candidate 28 This turn'd her blood to gall.
1785 Scots Mag. May 225/1 When the treachery of people which I ought to have despised, had turned my heart to marble and my blood to gall, I was determined upon leaving France.
1828 H. Neele Romance of Hist. II. 174 The sight of a little white cottage at the entrance of the avenue of elms which led to the castle gate, seemed to turn all the blood in his veins to poison.
1887 J. A. Knox & C. M. Snyder False Prophet 40 When I'm mad all my blood turns to bile.
1904 J. G. Greenhough in G. Milligan et al. Men of Old Test. xx. 281 Disaster has soured him, and disappointment turned his blood to gall.
1921 C. Aiken Punch i. 38 How like a cramp it [sc. jealousy] shuts about the heart And turns the blood to poison.
1985 H. Courlander Master of Forge xiii. 131 Grief and anger turned my blood to poison.
2003 J. D. Randers-Pehrson Col. Erbe's Daughters viii. 112 Outwardly she was calm, but her bones were turning to rusted iron, and her blood to venom.
(b) to turn (a person's) blood to water (also ice) and variants: to frighten (a person) excessively, to terrify; to unnerve, unsettle; cf. freeze v. 5c.
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1607 B. Jonson Volpone Ep. Ded. sig. ¶3 Where nothing but the garbage of the time is vtter'd, & that with..blasphemy, to turne the bloud of a Christian to water . View more context for this quotation
1657 J. Davies tr. H. D'Urfé Astrea II. 101 I must confesse that my feares of falling into the like, makes me tremble, and turnes my blood to ice.
1844 J. B. Fraser Dark Falcon I. i. 30 If thou art coward, must thou seek to turn his blood to water also?
1899 L. Mead Bow-legged Ghost & Other Stories i. 247 His sudden appearance turned my blood to ice, my heart to stone.
1919 E. K. Means More E. K. Means 220 The two pickaninnies let out a howl which turned Skeeter's blood to ice water.
1959 E. Ferber Ice Palace xvii. 206 They had seen wholesale horror, they had known fear that turned the blood to water and the bones to mush.
1991 J. Wolf Daughter of Red Deer ii. xix. 215 He..let out a shrill trumpeting call that turned my blood to ice.
2008 Irish Times (Nexis) 9 June 35 He had paved the way for his sales pitch with a few statistics designed to turn my blood to ice.
h. to make (someone's) blood boil: (colloquial) to anger or infuriate (someone).
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1608 G. Markham & L. Machin Dumbe Knight iii. sig. G2v O I haue drunck in poison at mine eares, which makes my bloud boile with vnquenched flames.
1681 J. Phillips Char. Popish Successour Compleat 27 The lust of Inheritance makes the Blood of the Impatient Heir boil high for possession.
1741 W. Erskine tr. A. F. Prévost d'Exiles Mem. & Adventures Marquis de Bretagne & Duc d'Harcourt III. 350 The Sight of them made all my Blood boil in my Veins.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 230 The thought of such intervention made the blood, even of the Cavaliers, boil in their veins.
1859 J. M. Jephson & L. Reeve Narr. Walking Tour Brittany xv. 248 A sight which made his blood boil.
1922 C. E. Mulford Bring me his Ears xix. 309 Tom and his friends witnessed scenes that made their blood boil.
2003 C. Birch Turn again Home xxviii. 295 He's such a pompous sod, he makes my blood boil.
i. to make the blood run cold and variants: (colloquial) to cause to feel a sense of dread or foreboding; to terrify.
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a1593 C. Marlowe tr. Ovid in J. Davies & C. Marlowe Epigrammes & Elegies (?1599) sig. E4v My soule fleetes when I thinke what you haue done, and through euerie vaine doth cold bloud runne.]
1676 E. Settle Conquest of China by Tartars ii. 17 A sudden check makes my faint Blood run cold.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones III. viii. x. 220 You have made my Blood run cold with the very mentioning the Top of that Mountain. View more context for this quotation
1818 Edinb. Rev. 30 238 Her whole appearance, gestures, voice and dress, made De Courcy's blood run cold within him.
1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin I. i. 19 It kinder makes my blood run cold to think on't.
1919 F. Alley Dignity of Man vi. 32 The awful account of the siege and destruction of Jerusalem by Josephus is ghastly and makes the blood run cold even to read it at this late day.
1997 R. Bowen Evans Above (1999) xiv. 126 You're not saying I might have seen the murdering brute with my own eyes are you..? To think I might have been up on the mountain alone with him. It makes the blood run cold, doesn't it?
j. to taste blood: to achieve or experience an initial success which stimulates further (intensive or impassioned) efforts.Originally as part of an extended metaphor involving a hunting dog's first taste of the blood of its intended prey; cf. blood v. 4a.
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1836 Reg. Deb. Congr. 8 Feb. 2496/2 They have tasted blood, and are too keen upon the scent to be deterred by anything that can be put on paper.
1895 Christian Work 4 Apr. 551/1 Having tasted blood..I began to write another story for my own amusement.
1906 Manitoba (Winnipeg) Morning Free Press 16 June 6/5 After tasting blood, the Brits were eager for more, and several shots [on goal] were made by Nicol and Proudfoot.
1955 J. Biesanz & M. Biesanz People of Panama 158 Having tasted blood, the students went on with increased zeal.
1999 Econ. & Polit. Weekly 18 Dec. 3569/1 Whether the developing countries will be able to keep up this unity is difficult to envisage but having tasted blood they might feel more emboldened.
2011 Vancouver Province (Nexis) 22 May a16 Now you've tasted blood, you're getting into this thing.
k.
(a) to be out for (also after) blood: to be in a state of violent rage; to be eager for revenge.
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1839 D. P. Thompson Green Mountain Boys 306 Those untiring fiends are after blood!
1892 Yale Courant 5 Nov. 32/2 This detachment was out for blood and bound to reach its destination if all the Zulus in Africa tried to prevent it.
1955 Ruston (Louisiana) Daily Leader 7 Oct. 3/2 The Cats will be out for blood after being handed their first defeat of the season.
2011 Econ. Times (India) (Nexis) 18 July Those who kowtowed to them all these years, are now out for blood.
(b) to be out for (also after) (a person's) blood: to seek revenge on (a person), esp. in a violent, aggressive, or determined manner.
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1919 Punch 24 Dec. 535/2 He didn't know, but instinctively felt that Garnishee was out for his blood.
1930 B. Newman Ld. Melbourne xi. 313 Bentinck and Disraeli were out for his blood.
1997 I. Rankin Black & Blue (1998) xxii. 305 My feeling is that something happened out there, and from then on Geddes was out for Spaven's blood.
2005 E. Camden End Slice xviii. 214 The politicians are after his blood.
l. to smell (also scent) blood: to sense impending bloodshed or conflict, esp. one in which victory is likely; (hence in later use) to discern weakness or vulnerability in an opponent; cf. to taste blood at Phrases 1j.
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1856 Blackwood's Mag. Dec. 705/1 Late as it is, Dred is still to act; but we smell blood, and revolt at the prospect of a servile rising.
1882 L. Lee Autobiogr. xvi. 157 Their efforts were in vain; the pro-slavery bull-dog smelled blood, and blood he was determined to have.
1906 W. Sage District Attorney xxiv. 213 You can never tell where a man like our District Attorney is going to stop when he once begins to smell blood.
1976 Newsweek (Nexis) 4 Oct. 33 As Ford's reply droned on and on, Jordan smelled blood.
1994 Investors Chron. 28 Jan. 16/2 Couldn't the chancellor see that if he gave a shifty answer, the media would scent blood.
2009 R. B. Lanza Cost Recovery xxii. 258 A vendor smells blood when it knows it's dealing with a buyer who doesn't understand the vendor's business.
m. to give (also donate) blood: to contribute one's blood for transfusion or for storage in a blood bank or similar facility.
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1875 Trans. 25th Anniv. Meeting Illinois State Med. Soc. 84 Some healthy person being selected to donate the blood, it should be drawn from a good-sized opening in the vein.
1883 Med. Times & Gaz. 17 Mar. 296/2 The husband consenting to give blood, he was bled to twelve ounces.
1911 Med. Rec. 4 Feb. 201/1 I prevailed on her mother..to donate blood for transfusion.
1970 A. K. Armah Fragments iv. 108 We'll be giving her a transfusion. Can you give blood? Our bank is very low.
1997 M. J. Apter & N. Spirn in S. Svebak & M. J. Apter Stress & Health xii. 145 Finding ways to encourage people to donate blood is a perennial problem for medical services.
2007 Daily Mail (Nexis) 7 Dec. 17 A healthy adult can give blood four times a year.
n. In proverbial phrases indicating that bloodshed will cause, or only be avenged by, further bloodshed, as blood will have blood, blood requires blood, etc.Frequently with allusion to Genesis 9:6.
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a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) i. l. 6786 Thus blood for blood with vengaunce shal be bouht.
1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Duke of Glocester f. xiv Take heed ye princes by examples past, Blood wyll haue blood, eyther fyrst or last.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iii. iv. 121 It will haue blood they say: Blood will haue Blood. View more context for this quotation
1680 E. Settle Female Prelate i. i. 3 Blood requires blood, and vengeance weilds a Sword That cuts on both sides.
1740 Gentleman's Mag. Apr. 195/1 An injur'd nation blood for blood demands.
1771 Hibernian Mag. Feb. 18/2 Blood will have blood, and I hope England will, as an atonement, shed the blood of the traitors.
1837 Bristol Mercury 3 June 4/2 There are numbers who..feel themselves hampered by the oft-repeated adage, ‘Blood requires blood.’
1882 A. D. Hosterman Life & Times of James Abram Garfield ix. 127 Blood will have blood, and so he, too, goes to the judgement.
1919 C. E. Russell Bolshevism & U.S. iv. 71 Every oppression must bear its crop of violence and sorrow: blood will have blood.
1964 Times 7 Aug. 11/2 They [sc. China and North Vietnam] throw every kind of charge—aggression, lying, madcap adventurism—against the United States and declare that blood will have blood.
1984 B. Farwell Gurkhas (1990) xxvii. 274 Blood for blood and nothing but blood would settle this account.
2006 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 11 Nov. 20 What the story of the doomed House of Atreus..potently demonstrates is the way blood will have blood.
o. to be like getting blood out of (also from) a stone: (with reference to obtaining a thing from a person) (originally) to be impossible; (later also in weakened sense) to be extremely difficult. Also in same senses: to be like getting blood out of (or from) a turnip (chiefly North American).
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the world > action or operation > difficulty > practical impossibility > achieve the impossible [verb (intransitive)] > attempt the impossible
to be like getting blood out of (or from) a turnip1662
to put the toothpaste back in the tube1975
the mind > emotion > compassion > pitilessness > [phrase] > impossibility of exciting pity in the pitiless
to be like getting blood out of (also from) a stone1788
1610 H. Broughton Reuelation Holy Apocalyps (new ed.) xiii. 188 Make blood come out of this stone, to my sight and I will bee a Pseudo-Catholique as yee are.]
1662 G. Torriano 2nd Alphabet Proverbial Phrases 165/1 To go about to fetch bloud out of a turnip, viz. to attempt impossibilities.
1666 G. Torriano Proverbial Phrases 161/2 in Piazza Universale There's no getting of bloud out of that wall.]
1788 V. Knox Winter Evenings I. iii. xiii. 303 They must have had abilities inherent in them or they could not have been excited, according to that common observation, that it is impossible to get blood out of a stone.
1836 F. Marryat Japhet I. iv. 41 There's no getting blood out of a turnip.
1849 C. Dickens David Copperfield (1850) xi. 114 Blood cannot be obtained from a stone, neither can anything on account be obtained at present..from Mr. Micawber.
1889 R. L. Stevenson & L. Osbourne Wrong Box 8 ‘You cannot get blood from a stone,’ observed the lawyer.
1938 R. Finlayson Brown Man's Burden 27 You may as well try to get blood out of a stone as evidence out of a native!
1940 A. E. Hertzler Doctors & Patients (1941) x. 261 The age old difficulty of getting blood out of a turnip.
2000 K. Atkinson Emotionally Weird (2001) 295 I sigh with frustration. This is like getting blood out of a stone, drawing teeth from a tiger, wrenching dummies from babies.
p. blood of the (also a) grape and variants: wine, esp. (with allusion to the blood of Christ) communion wine; (later also) grape juice.
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OE Vitellius Psalter: Canticles vi. 14 Sanguinem uuę biberet meracissimum : blod winberian hy druncon þæt niweste.]
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) Gen. xlix. 11 He schal wasche..in blode of a grape [L. in sanguine uvae] his mantell.
1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius f. 448 When it is named the blood of the grape, what els is declared then the wine of the cupp of the blood of the Lord?
a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) iv. iii. 431 Go, sucke the subtle blood o' th' Grape . View more context for this quotation
1794 W. Shrubsole Plain Christian Shepherd's Def. of his Flock v. 51 This person was not plunged into the blood of the grapes; but he was sprinkled by treading the grapes.
1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick cxxxiii. 607 The sight of the splintered boat seemed to madden him, as the blood of grapes and mulberries cast before Antiochus's elephants in the book of Maccabees.
1995 R. E. Meagher tr. Euripides Bakkhai 13 When..the blood of the grape rushes in the veins, sleep is sure to come.
q.
blood of Christ n. Christian Church (a) the atoning sacrifice of Christ on the Cross, the blood shed by Christ on the Cross; cf. sense 3a; (b) the blood shed by Christ on the Cross, as made present in the sacrament of the Eucharist by the consecration of the wine; the consecrated wine; cf. sense 3b.Cf. precious blood n. at precious adj., adv., and n. Compounds 2, Sacred Blood at sacred adj. 3b.
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society > faith > artefacts > consumables > eucharistic elements > wine > [noun]
winec1005
bloodOE
blood of Christc1384
singing wine1558
cup1597
sacrament-wine1698
the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > the Trinity > the Son or Christ > [noun] > as sacrifice or victim
blood of Christc1384
ransoma1400
crucifix14..
satisfaction1542
sacrifice-offerera1560
Man of Sorrows1577
host1653
victim1736
the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > the Trinity > the Son or Christ > [noun] > blood, wounds, or sweat of
the (Five) Woundsc1175
blood of Christc1384
precious bloodc1384
rich bloodc1400
sang royal1523
bloody sweat1526
Sacred Blood1922
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Eph. ii. 13 Ȝe that weren sum tyme ferr, ben maad nyȝ in the blood of Crist [1611 King James by the blood of Christ; L. in sanguine Christi].
c1440 S. Scrope tr. C. de Pisan Epist. of Othea (St. John's Cambr.) (1970) 72 That is þe which despisith paradijs and clotheth helle and voidith þe valew of þe blood of Crist Jhesu.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 563 Thei abhorren aboue alle othere the hiȝest and worthiest signe and sacrament of alle othere, the sacrament of the auter, the preciose bodi and blood of Crist.
?1531 R. Barnes Supplic. Kinge Henrye VIII f. lxxixv Here is Cyprian opynlye agenst yov which wille that as meny shalle reseue the bloud of christ as do confesse the name of christ yee and that out of the cuppe.
1560 Bible (Geneva) 1 Cor. x. 16 The cuppe of blessing which we blesse, is it not the communion of the blood of Christ?
1602 S. Patrick tr. J. de Hainault Estate of Church 39 He that by imprudency & negligently, let fal vpon the earth any of the blood of Christ..should do penance 40. dayes.
1628 J. Mede Let. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. III. 266 He is confident that the blood of Christ shall wash away..his..sins.
1673 W. Cave Primitive Christianity iii. v. 376 We admit them in the Church to a right of Communication to drink of the Cup of the Bloud of Christ.
1721 R. Manning Case stated Church of Rome II. 202 One Reason given for taking the Cup from the Laity was, that the Laity..wore long Beards, and least the Blood of Christ should drop upon them or stick to their Whiskers.
a1771 J. Gill Compl. Body Doctrinal & Pract. Divinity (1796) II. iii. 168 The price of redemption, which is the blood of Christ, was paid unto God, whereby redemption from vindictive justice was obtained.
1821 J. Scott Sketches French Provinces, Switzerland, & Italy 280 In the sacristie, the blood of Christ is preserved in a phial, which is exposed on the Sunday of the passion.
1851 Mothers' Jrnl. 16 355 Infants, as they have not transgressed, nor resisted the flow of mercy to them from the cross, are saved by the blood of Christ.
1867 N. Greene tr. ‘L. Mühlbach’ Daughter of Empress xxxvii. 201/2 Under his consecrated hand will now be effected the miracle of turning the wine into the blood of Christ!
1919 J. N. Figgis Hopes for Eng. Relig. 191 None can sink so low but the blood of Christ redeems him.
1965 Pope Speaks 10 311 It is not permissible..to discuss the mystery of transubstantiation without mentioning what the Council of Trent had to say about the marvelous conversion of the whole substance of the bread into the Body and the whole substance of the wine into the Blood of Christ.
1990 Globe & Mail (Toronto) (Nexis) 26 Sept. Drinking the blood of Christ every Sunday of one's childhood is a powerful business.
2006 P. Turner Let us Pray 23 A chalice is the cup from which the Blood of Christ is consumed at Communion.
r. blood, sweat, and tears: extremely hard work; unstinting effort, esp. that involving a degree of pain or sacrifice.Cf. to sweat blood at sweat v. 2b.
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a1649 W. Drummond Hist. Scotl. (1655) 19 If Princes could keep their own, and that which justly belongeth unto them, they could not be urged to draw such extraordinary Subsidies from the blood, sweat, and tears of their people.
1843 Freeman's Jrnl. (Dublin) 20 July 3/2 With our blood, sweat, and tears, we were doom'd to plod.
1889 G. B. Shaw Fabian Ess. Socialism 23 With all its energy..its ferocious sweating and slave-driving, its prodigality of blood, sweat and tears, what has it [sc. private property] heaped up, over and above the pittance of its slaves?
1939 W. S. Churchill in Daily Tel. 23 Feb. 14/4 Here are new structures of national life erected upon blood, sweat and tears.
1963 R. A. Smith Corporations in Crisis Concl. 206 It takes three to five years of blood, sweat, and tears to get a company ‘turned around again’ after a crisis.
1999 G. Kissick Winter in Volcano (2000) iv. 32 All those years of blood, sweat and tears now boil down to this one serve.
2004 Impact Aug. 53/2 The film is available on DVD complete with out-takes, to see just how much blood, sweat and tears went into the production.
s. flesh and blood: see as main entry.
t. Originally and chiefly U.S. blood on the moon: a reddish coloration of the moon, considered to be an omen of future misfortune. Hence: a foreboding, ominous situation, esp. signalling violence or conflict.
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1873 Daily Cleveland (Ohio) Herald 30 July 2/1 There is again a tinge of blood on the moon in Kentucky.
1894 Med. Cent. 15 July 343/1 The baby had the colic so that the father was deprived of his night's rest; then there was blood on the moon.
1907 Advance 22 Aug. 203/1 They [sc. speculators] see ghosts on earth and blood on the moon and the stars falling from their places.
1920 F. Lynde Wreckers xix. 212 There was blood on the moon, and I saw it in the way the boss's jaw was working.
1952 T. Bankhead Tallulah i. 20 The Giants had to score four runs in the ninth to win. Remember? There was blood on the moon that night in Bedford Village.
2001 W. Goldman Big Picture 129 Attenborough won. For Spielberg's enthusiasts, there was now blood on the moon.
u. figurative. blood on the carpet (also floor) and variants: intense or aggressive confrontation or dispute; the aftermath or damage resulting from such confrontation.
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1951 Independent Jrnl. (San Rafael, Calif.) 5 Sept. 12/1 Admiral William M Fechteler..says the day will come when ‘there'll be blood on the floor’ from some bitter dispute over policy with the chiefs of the Army and Air Force.
1984 Times 1 Dec. 23/1 The last thing I want now is blood on the boardroom carpet.
2001 Time 17 Sept. 47/2 There is still blood on the floor from Compaq's semidigested merger with server and storage company Digital Equipment Corp.
2010 T. Bale Conservative Party v. 231 Labour's Conference kicked off, as usual, amid predictions..that this year there really would be blood on the carpet (most of it Blair's).
P2.
a. of the blood (also blood royal): of royal family or lineage.See also prince of the blood (royal) at prince n. 7, princess of the blood (royal) at princess n. 1.
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c1405 (c1375) G. Chaucer Monk's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 153 The faireste children of the blood roial Of Israel he leet do gelde anon.
1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) xi. lxviii. 286 This Ladie (also of the blood, and heire vnto her Father, A mightie Prince).
1605 R. Verstegan Restit. Decayed Intelligence Ded. Your Maiestie is descended of the chiefest blood royall of our ancient English-Saxon kings.
1650 R. Stapleton tr. F. Strada De Bello Belgico iii. 6 Anthony of Bourbon..being the first Prince of the bloud.
1769 H. Walpole Let. 17 Sept. (1941) X. 292 Everybody rushes in, Princes of the blood, cordons bleus, abbés, housemaids.
1838 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Ferdinand & Isabella II. i. xii. 5 The queen-mother,..being of the blood royal of France, was naturally disposed to a union with that kingdom.
1861 A. Trollope Framley Parsonage III. xii. 230 That none of the blood royal shall raise to royal honours those of the subjects who are by birth un-royal!
1899 H. M. Baird Theodore Beza xii. 221 The question, whether it belonged to a foreigner and two insignificant persons such as they were, to judge a prince of the blood.
1929 Africa 2 265 A Matabele commoner is displaced by a princess of the blood-royal.
2009 K. Elliott Traitors' Gate 690 No man speaks so of..a princess of the blood.
b. of (the) half blood: = half-blood n. 1. Cf. quarter-blood n. at quarter n. Compounds 4.of the whole blood: see whole blood n. 1. Cf. full-blood adj.
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society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > [noun] > relative by half-blood
of (the) half blood1697
half-blood1848
the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > mixed race > [noun] > person
mongrel1542
of (the) half blood1697
half-caste1758
half-breed1760
lip-lap1798
quarter-breed1821
half-blood1826
half-and-half1827
quarter-blood1827
quarter-caste1859
mixed blooda1862
brown1862
miscegen1864
yellowbelly1867
breed1870
redbone1890
miscegenate1898
high yellow1910
samba1958
lightie1991
1697 J. Potter Archæologiæ Græcæ I. i. viii. 43 The distinction..between those of the whole, and those of the half Blood of Athens.
1875 K. E. Digby Introd. Hist. Law Real Prop. x. 341 The half-blood, if descended from a common male ancestor, is to take next after any relation in the same degree of the whole blood.
1994 M. M. Mahoney Stepfamilies & Law iii. 59 C-1 and C-2 are siblings of the whole blood, because they had the same parents; C-1 and C-3 are siblings of the half blood, because they had different fathers.
c. (to be) a person's own blood: (to be) a person's near kindred; = flesh and blood n. 2.
ΚΠ
a1500 (?a1475) Guy of Warwick (Cambr. Ff.2.38) l. 2618 (MED) My systurs sone, myn owne blode.
1792 Universal Mag. Apr. 275/1 I sometimes upbraided Nature for not having pleaded in favour of my own blood.
1845 Rural Repository 22 Nov. 46/2 I have heard all your story and am convinced that you are my own blood!
1888 Table Talk Apr. 158/2 I ask you to..watch over her, guard her, love her as though she were your own blood.
2010 A. Sparzo & M. Cossette From Judas to Me 88 All that I saw was my own blood betraying me.
d. Law. to restore in (also to) blood: to lift a sentence of ‘corruption of blood’ (see corruption n. 2b); to restore privileges of birth and rank to (those who have lost these through attainder). historical in later use.Cf. , to stain (a person's) blood at stain v. 5e, restitution in blood at restitution n. Phrases 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal right > resumption or restoration of rights > restore to legal rights [verb (transitive)] > restore from attainder
to restore in (also to) blood1555
disattaint1865
1555 J. Elder Copie of Let. to Scotl. sig. F.iiiv Name him, whom the quenes magestie nowe hath restored to his bloud, and to the honor of his house.
1595 W. Allen et al. Conf. Next Succession Crowne of Ingland ii. vii. 145 Many houses attainted are restored daylie in blood, without restorement of their titles and dignities.
1633 T. Stafford Pacata Hibernia i. iii. 27 His Vncle Sir Edmond is not restored in blood.
1752 S. Johnson Rambler No. 192. ⁋7 A kind of restoration to blood after the attainder of trade.
1789 W. Brown Rep. Cases Chancery II. 416 This court will reverse the attainder, and restore Mr. Macreth in blood.
1848 J. Burke & J. B. Burke Royal Families Eng., Scotl. & Wales I. p. xxxvi The unfortunate earl's eldest son, Edmund Plantagenet, was restored to blood and honours by parliament.
1883 Archæologia Cambrensis 4th Ser. 14 191 He left issue one son, Henry, who was restored in blood, but not to the late Duke's honours and land.
1914 A. A. Locke Seymour Family iv. 74 Edward..was knighted at the Battle of Pinkie in 1547, and was restored to blood by Act of Parliament in 1553.
1991 M. A. Hicks Richard III & his Rivals xiii. 252 The Beauforts and De Veres were all restored in blood and recovered their possessions.
e. to run in the blood and variants: to run in a family or bloodline; to be an inherited characteristic or tendency. Later also to be in the blood: to be in a person's nature; to be an ingrained interest, attribute, or characteristic of.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > existence > intrinsicality or inherence > intrinsic or inherent [phrase] > run in a family or race
to run in the bloodc1598
c1598 King James VI & I Basilicon Doron (1944) I. ii. 109 Vertue or vice wil oftimes (with the heritage) be transferred from the parents to the posteritie, and runne on a bloode (as the prouerbe is).
1603 J. Florio in tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. Ep. Ded. sig. A3v As if this river of benignitie did runne in a blood, your worthie Sonne in-Law, and vertuous Daughter Chichester with like-sweete liquor have supplied my drie cesterns.
1612 G. Chapman Widdowes Teares sig. B3v It goes Sir in a bloud; beleeue me brother, These destinies goe euer in a bloud.
1627 R. Sanderson Ten Serm. 379 Tempers of the mind and affections become hereditary, and (as we say) runne in a bloud.
1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. 48 It seemeth to runne in the blood of an English man..to be as brave under a single Queen, as under the most valiant King.
1703 W. Burkitt Expos. Notes New Test. Matt. xiv. 5 Cruelty runs in a Blood.
1775 R. B. Sheridan Rivals iv. ii. 72 Tell her 'tis all our ways—it runs in the blood of our family!
1843 L. Aikin Life J. Addison I. i. 2 It can rarely be made to appear, either that genius ran in the blood, or that the particular direction which it took..was a designed or calculated effect of parental agency.
1856 ‘G. Eliot’ in Westm. Rev. July 69 As long as snobbism runs in the blood, why should it not run in our speech?
1901 Daily Chron. 24 May 3/3 The man..with the salt in his blood, and a yearning for the blue water.
1931 V. Sackville-West All Passion Spent iii. 200 They couldn't help being stingy, since parsimony ran in their blood.
1955 M. Wheeler Still Digging (1958) 119 The Desert's in me blood.
2006 Wired June 78/1 As an art professor at NYU and a sculptor who uses found objects, Karp has collecting in her blood.
2007 M. Brown et al. Rugby for Dummies xxv. 329 Rugby seems to run in the blood of some families.
f. blood is thicker than water: (originally Scottish) family loyalties and relationships are stronger than all others.
ΚΠ
1737 A. Ramsay Coll. Scots Prov. vii. 13 Blood's thicker than Water.
1789 J. Moore Zeluco II. lxxii. 234 Surely blood is thicker than water.
1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering II. 318 Weel—blood's thicker than water—she's welcome to the cheeses.
1867 A. Trollope Last Chron. Barset I. xxxii. 271 ‘I am aware that there is a family tie, or I should not have ventured to trouble you.’ ‘Blood is thicker than water; isn't it?’
1944 F. O'Connor Crab Apple Jelly 80 A man should never interfere between families. Blood is thicker than water.
2003 C. Birch Turn again Home xxix. 316 She said Violet was not her child. Blood was thicker than water. No one was to go round and see Violet.
g. young blood: see the first element.
h. new (also fresh) blood: (with reference to the idea of refreshing a bloodline by introducing new stock) new elements or influences which bring fresh life or energy to something; esp. new people admitted to a family, society, etc., who act as an invigorating influence. Cf. young blood n. 2.In early use frequently in figurative context. See sense 5a.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > [noun] > member > other types of member
fellowc1405
entrant1560
redemptionary1583
honorary1675
confrere1753
constituent1755
corresponding member1772
new (also fresh) blood1782
life member1813
young blood1830
old guard1841
cardholder1869
hardcore1922
fully paid-up member1960
teleocrat1971
1782 Parl. Reg. 1781–96 III. 454 His countrymen,..were supposed to have remedied many national defects among the great and noble families of England (by pouring new blood into the constitution).
1839 H. Rogers Ess. II. iii. 147 The language, abridged of its native power, needed this transfusion of fresh blood.
1853 E. Bulwer-Lytton My Novel II. v. ii. 9 Long may the new blood circulate through the veins of the mighty giantess [sc. England].
1911 A. Bennett Card xii. 296 How are you going to get new blood, with transfer fees as high as they are now?
1973 I. Horovitz Dr. Hero (ed. 2) 62 We need some fresh blood in here, that's what. You guys can't wrestle. You're too old.
2010 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 13 Sept. a1/4 60 Goldman executives could be stripped of their partnerships this year to make way for new blood.
i.
blood and soil n. [after German Blut und Boden (1930 or earlier with reference to the Nazi doctrine; 2nd half of the 19th cent. in national romanticist writing)] German History (the Nazi doctrine of) an essential, quasi-mystical connection between a nation (viewed as a racial group) and the land which it occupies or cultivates; (hence as a modifier) of, relating to, or promoting this doctrine.This idea underlay both the ‘back to the land’ movement and the wider ideology of Lebensraum (Lebensraum n.) promoted by the Nazis.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > Nazism > Nazi catchphrase [phrase]
blood and soil1933
1933 Times 10 Nov. 15/7 Nazi leaders repeat that the Third Reich is built on ‘blood and soil’.
1935 Economica 2 98 One has only to point to the agrarian policy of the Third Reich..to illustrate the practical outcome of this ‘blood and soil’ attitude.
1940 W. H. Auden I Believe 22 The success of Fascist blood-and-soil ideology.
1957 M. K. Joseph I'll soldier no More (1958) xii. 223 There was a pile of stuff..put out by some kind of East-Prussian patriotic blood-and-soil gang.
1991 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 25 Apr. 39/2 When Nakasone extols the virtues of the monoracial state, he sounds like a blood and soil philosopher.
2001 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 20 Sept. 82/2 The role in modern tyranny played by the idolization of blood and soil.
j.
new blood post n. originally and chiefly British an academic post at a university, created (originally under a government scheme) for new (typically younger) staff, esp. at a time of low staff turnover or as part of a restructuring; cf. new blood at Phrases 2h.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > position or job > [noun] > university post created by government
new blood post1983
1983 Times 11 Apr. 20/2 (advt.) For the ‘new blood’ posts, candidates should normally be aged 35 or under.
1998 Oxf. Rev. Educ. 24 107 Public money was made available in the following session..to award ‘new blood’ posts to universities seen as deserving.
2011 Irish Times (Nexis) 18 Jan. 6 It was intended to be a new blood post and not intended for internal candidates.

Compounds

C1. General use as a modifier.
blood affinity n.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > [noun] > blood-relationship
bloodOE
alliancec1325
consanguinityc1380
cognation1382
allyc1425
sanguinityc1470
kin1548
blood bond1645
kinship1786
blood relationship1793
blood affinity1820
1820 in Sheppard's Touchstone of Common Assurance (ed. 7) I. vii. 165 If a man, seised of land in fee, covenant to stand seised of it to uses, and no estate doth rise by the covenant, [for want of blood affinity, &c.;] yet this may be good by way of covenant.
1865 E. B. Tylor Res. Early Hist. Mankind x. 278 The seventh degree of blood-affinity is the limit.
2006 M. Bender in tr. Mother Butterfly p. xix Kin are invited to social and ceremonial events in a strict order of blood affinity. Forgetting to invite a close blood relative may result in a quarrel.
blood-beat n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > vascular system > circulation > pulsation > [noun]
pulsea1398
pulsation?a1425
stroke1538
pulsidge1600
pulsion1607
mication1686
ictus1707
beat1755
pulse beat1838
blood-beat1851
1851 A. A. Curtiss Home Ballads i. 65 When from our hearts the blood-beat, Ceases to ebb and flow; May they lay us down by thy side, brother, To sleep as thou sleepest now.
1947 E. Sitwell Shadow of Cain 11 The blood-beat of the Bird.
2000 Times (Nexis) 30 Sept. Infused with the blood-beat of house music.
blood bond n.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > [noun] > blood-relationship
bloodOE
alliancec1325
consanguinityc1380
cognation1382
allyc1425
sanguinityc1470
kin1548
blood bond1645
kinship1786
blood relationship1793
blood affinity1820
1645 S. Rutherford Tryal & Triumph of Faith xvi. 134 Blood-bonds, nature-relations are mighty.
1866 Fraser's Mag. Dec. 789/2 Ah! could they but have remembered the blood-bond when the blood was running!
1985 A. Carter Black Venus 65 My Aunt Titania. Not, I should assure you, my natural aunt, no blood bond.
blood bottle n.
ΚΠ
1883 Bibliotheca Sacra Jan. 175 The blood-bottles have been declared..really to contain blood, and infallibly indicate the graves of martyrs.
1958 Nursing (St. John Ambulance Assoc.) xviii. 229 Requirements for collecting blood. Sterile collecting set in sealed container. Sterile blood bottle containing an anti-coagulant.
2002 Focus May 75/3 During World War Two donors were encouraged by rousing posters and tales of transfusions under fire, blood bottles hung from the trigger guards of rifles jammed into the mud next to the wounded.
blood circulation n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > vascular system > circulation > [noun]
circulation1656
blood circulation1684
circulation1707
flowing1807
1684 S. Pordage tr. T. Willis Pharmaceutice Rationalis: Second Pt. in Pract. Physick (rev. ed.) Table 154/2 Bloud-circulation is stopt or hindered in them [sc. the Lungs] sometimes by the fault of the heart it self.
1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus iii. vii. 88/2 A blood-circulation, visible to the eye.
1940 G. S. Carter Gen. Zool. Invertebr. p. vi Nervous system... It also introduces a new method of unification and co-ordination, as (by quite distinct methods) does the development of a blood-circulation and an endocrine system.
1992 Future Fitness UK May 34 The toner..helps to remove any dry skin cells and increase blood circulation, leading to an improved skin colour and healthy glow.
2001 P. Caldwell Sleep really Well (2003) iv. 86 Siamese twins..though they have the same blood circulation, can have independent sleep-wake schedules.
blood clot n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of blood > [noun] > coagulated blood > clot or clump
blood-liverOE
clod1398
congelation1483
shed1513
clot1611
grume1718
coagulum1767
blood clot1805
clump1939
sludge1947
1805 Crit. Rev. July 256 With blood-clots besmear'd he now stretch'd out his claws.
1859 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. V. 562/2 The blood-clot..generally found contained within the ruptured airsac.
1978 Detroit Free Press 5 Mar. b4/1 Blood clots that block arteries are formed by platelets, the body's first line of defense against injury.
2005 Esquire June 82/3 Studies have shown that flavonoids..decrease blood pressure and the likelihood of blood clots.
blood colour n.
ΚΠ
?1562 W. Ward tr. R. Roussat Most Excellent Bk. Doctour & Astrologien Arcandam sig. P.v.v There bee other besyde them that bee pale, & other blood colour.
1634 J. Bate Myst. Nature & Art iii. 124 Sanguine or Blood-colour.
1728 J. A. Du Cerceau tr. J. T. Krusinski Hist. Revol. Persia I. 273 The Clouds being at that Time very thick, the Sun appeared through them of a Blood Colour.
1886 J. Finlayson Clin. Man. (ed. 2) xiii. 471 All gradations of red or blood-color..may be found.
1938 Times 11 May 21/5 One sees an endless variety of Würste of every shape and size, and ranging from a rich dark brown to a startling blood colour.
2004 Red Oct. 207 Blue-toned blood colours can look rather Cruella.
blood compensation n.
ΚΠ
1855 Select. from Rec. Bombay Govt. 284 Blood compensation.
1958 J. F. M. Middleton & D. Tait Tribes without Rulers 27 Such features are..chiefship, blood-compensation and non-empirical, religious sanctions.
2010 Sudan Tribune (Nexis) 29 May A Dinka..law was established in 1999 in Wunlit. It imposes forceful marriage in the Dinka society and blood compensation in the form of cows.
blood covenant n.
ΚΠ
1765 Daily Words of Brethren's Congregation sig. E2v To witness of blood-covenant,—which is the church-foundation.
1886 Encycl. Brit. XXI. 137/2 The sacramental rites of mystical sacrifice are a form of blood-covenant.
1995 Evening Post (Wellington) (Nexis) 5 Sept. 5 Marriage is meant to be a blood covenant.
blood descendant n.
ΚΠ
1821 Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 9 Jan. Mr. Walter Smith..leaving behind him..total one hundred and forty of blood descendants; besides 40 sons and daughters-in-law who have married into his family.
1855 Bristol Mercury 10 Nov. 4/1 They thought Pericles, the tea-dealer, was a blood descendant of the Pericles of old.
2010 Bismarck (N. Dakota) Tribune (Nexis) 18 July e3 The scholarship is awarded to deserving students who are direct blood descendants of a World War I veteran.
blood drop n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > discharge or flux > [noun] > bleeding or flow of blood > shed blood > pool or splash of
blood dropc1390
flosha1400
gout1503
c1390 Talkyng of Love of God (Vernon) 46 Þi swot as blod dropes [L. gutte sanguinis] ron from þin holy bodi.
1609 T. Heywood Troia Britanica xiv. xviii. 362 Blood-drops by Plannets on Scamander raines.
1749 London Mag. 18 610/1 Mark the blood-drops that, life exhausting, roll.
1823 Ld. Byron Island iii. iv. 51 Blood-drops sprinkled o'er his yellow hair.
2000 Pop. Sci. May 77/1 Kamla Dhamija, an MD from New Delhi, smeared a blood drop on a slide, then projected it onto a TV monitor to be viewed.
blood-field n.
ΚΠ
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Acts i. 19 That felde is called in their mother tonge, Acheldema, that is the bloud felde.
1868 Christian Examiner Nov. 257 The bones rise like a marble forest from the blood-fields of the heart.
1998 Capital Times (Madison, Wisconsin) (Nexis) 15 May a15 Hans Christian Heg, the Norwegian immigrant who..fell..while leading his troops into battle on the bloodfields of Chickamauga.
blood feud n.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > dissent > [noun] > prolonged or bitter > vengeful
feudc1425
blood feud1824
vendetta1861
the mind > emotion > hatred > hostility > state of bitter and lasting mutual hostility > [noun] > deadly feud
feudc1425
death feud1805
blood feud1824
1824 Trans. Royal Asiatic Soc. 1 87 The cause of revenge is left to the relations of the man that has been murdered; and, in such cases, blood-feuds are often commenced.
1858 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (ed. 2) IV. xviii. 8 A blood-feud, deep and ineffaceable, divided the Douglases and the Hamiltons.
1986 S. Penman Here be Dragons (1991) (U.K. ed.) i. xxxiv. 501 Many a blood feud has been reconciled in the marriage bed.
blood flow n.
ΚΠ
1858 Lancet 12 June 582/1 We must assume in these cases an alteration of some motor of the blood-flow.
1958 J. E. Morton Molluscs iv. 84 The blood flow through each gill is assisted by a pulsatile accessory branchial heart.
2007 Daily Tel. 13 Feb. 5/8 Eisenmenger's patients are typically born with a large hole in the heart, leading to their blood flow becoming reversed or bi-directional.
blood kin n.
ΚΠ
1816 J. Thomas Poet. Descant on State of Mankind 67 Death brings the fatal moments nigh, When dear blood-kin survivors cry.
1880 ‘M. Twain’ Tramp Abroad xix. 173 The seven hundred inhabitants are all blood-kin to each other.
1937 R. H. Lowie Hist. Ethnol. Theory vi. 65 The classification of kin survives from a period in which the closest blood-kin regularly cohabited.
1985 E. Dundy Elvis & Gladys vi. 87 She moved in with blood kin.
blood kinship n.
ΚΠ
1861 tr. N. Bulgaris Holy Catech. 12 As for blood kinship as well on the side of ascent..as on the side of descent..between such marriage is forbidden ad infinitum.
1862 Atlantic Monthly Sept. 261 It was a strange..but a real affinity, striking something deeper in their natures than blood-kinship.
1926 Times 1 June 20/4 The kind of man who lives in a castle nowadays is..sometimes..a romantic American who has no blood kinship with its builders.
2003 Stud. in Philol. 100 5 The passage implies a close relationship either through blood kinship or emotional intimacy or both.
blood loss n.
ΚΠ
1834 W. Howitt in Lit. Souvenir X. 29 A cordial draught..restored the good old man from the faintness of his blood-loss.
1949 D. F. Cannon Explorer of Human Brain viii. 166 Both occipital lobes of the brain were removed and with such dexterity..and such control of blood loss, that the animal lived through it.
2008 Current Biol. 18 R991/2 This arrowhead pierced the subclavial artery, causing fatal blood loss.
blood mark n.
ΚΠ
1754 Coll. Hymns Children of God in All Ages (Moravian Church) ii. 348/2 Where that Spectre the Blood-mark Sees on any Forehead, Here must (thinks he) my Trade dark, Souls t'eject, be spared.
1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 866 When the sucker [sc. of the louse] is taken out a tiny blood mark appears on the surface [of the human skin].
1997 Toronto Sun (Nexis) 27 Mar. 28 Two small blood marks stained the ground near a brass bullet or shell casing.
blood name n.
ΚΠ
1858 W. E. Gladstone Stud. Homer I. 163 In the fourth and fifth of the divisions in the Trojan Catalogue Homer specifies no blood-name or name of race whatever.
2000 New Statesman (Nexis) 26 June You would think our own dear Tony Blair must be a pure Scot, if you didn't know that it's not his blood name. (It's the surname of the man who adopted his father.)
blood oath n.
ΚΠ
1856 L. Moser Caucasus & its People ii. 25 The first step is the ceremony of taking the ‘Blood Oath’..which binds those who take it to perseverance in valorous effort, and to standing by each other to the death.
1988 R. Hemley All you can Eat (1990) 109 What do you want, a blood oath that I'll love it?
2004 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 5 Dec. i. 25/2 He vetoed a military officer's recommendation to give the nation's top police job to an Iraqi who had once been filmed taking a blood-oath to Saddam Hussein.
blood passion n.
ΚΠ
a1887 G. Dawson Shakespeare & other Lect. (1888) xxxv. 304 When once made, it [sc. friendship] can call to its help all the emotions, all the impulses, all the intuitions, nay, all the blood-passions of life.
1985 Washington Post (Nexis) 15 Oct. e1 Eddie and May, second-generation players in a continuing drama of blood passion, are living out the equivalent of a Greek curse.
blood revenge n.
ΚΠ
1616 R. Niccols Londons Artillery iii. 30 Such a commonwealth..feeles th'oppression of the strangers pride..And at that instant feares, through their constraint, The blod reuenge of her inhabitant.
1877 Gentleman's Mag. Apr. 478 The vendetta or duty of blood-revenge.
1991 T. Mitchell Blood Sport ii. 73 Gypsies followed a strict code of male honor, female purity, and blood revenge for any infraction of the first two.
blood rite n.
ΚΠ
1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) xi. lxv. 279 Not of the Samoeds..blood-Rites wil we tarry.
1886 Daily Evening Bull. (San Francisco) 25 Aug. 1/5 The Samoans were never guilty of cannibalism, infanticide, human sacrifice to the gods, or any of the blood rites which characterized most savage races.
1992 Sunday Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 12 July 4 Bullfighting is the best known Spanish blood rite, but it is by no means the most brutal.
blood sacrifice n.
ΚΠ
1573 J. Bridges tr. N. Sanders in Supremacie Christian Princes 882 Let there be but one Byshop, and let bloud sacrifices be restored.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) v. iii. 20 Cannot my body, nor blood-sacrifice, Intreate you to your wonted furtherance? View more context for this quotation
1866 A. C. Swinburne Poems & Ballads 70 With offering and blood-sacrifice of tears.
1997 Archaeology Sept. 92/2 The voice-over narration occasionally intones some portentous comment, usually about a culture's fondness for blood sacrifice.
blood sample n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > diagnosis or prognosis > tests > [noun] > materials tested
blood film1856
blood sample1873
blood1890
night-blood1894
smear1903
swab1903
phantom1922
cervical smear1944
1873 Indian Med. Gaz. June 145/2 Let me urge upon every medical officer to keep by him blood samples—pieces of cloth, wood, iron—which he has himself stained with human blood.
1950 Sci. News 15 106 In no case did the serum agglutinate the red cells which came from the same blood sample.
2009 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 30 Apr. a2/3 Bahrain's first Olympic gold medal winner..was among six athletes who failed tests for a blood-booster in re-analysis of Olympic blood samples.
blood soul n.
ΚΠ
1844 Bibliotheca Sacra 1 388 The blood, or the soul in the blood, (so to speak, the blood-soul), is the same in all living beings.
1988 H. Kraft Lenape vi. 191 The blood soul, itself a spirit, left the body at death to form a spheroid..that wandered the earth forever.
blood spectacle n.
ΚΠ
1704 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion III. xi. 204 They had..terrified the People with Blood-Spectacles.
1998 Polit. Theory 26 13 The public's passion for blood spectacles was nothing new.
blood-spirit n.
ΚΠ
1838 Morning Herald (N.Y.) 27 Feb. That cowardly blood spirit which has so long pervaded the House of Representatives, and..has, at last, been appeased in murder.
1861 T. P. Thompson Audi Alteram Partem III. cxliv. 128 Keeping down the blood-spirit unhappily inherent in all mankind.
1993 Globe & Mail (Canada) (Nexis) 5 June [D. H.] Lawrence was drawn to the blood-spirit of fascism.
bloodspot n.
ΚΠ
1579 T. Lupton Thousand Notable Things vi. 137 The same boy had and hath the lyke marke, or bloud spot on his left thygh.
1861 G. H. Kingsley in F. Galton Vacation Tourists & Trav. 1860 118 There is many a broad blood-spot in your country.
1996 M. Cheek Sleeping Beauties i. 7 When Tabitha first walked in..it had looked, in that beautiful, pale setting, like a spattering of bloodspots on a ballerina's tutu.
blood supply n.
ΚΠ
1852 S. Thomson Dict. Domest. Med. 188/1 The stomach must not have the nervous energy and blood supply, requisite for the important office it performs..abstracted from it by unseasonable exertion.
1971 Daily Tel. 1 July 30/5 The cosmonauts could have died of a lack of blood supply to the brain caused by the strong deceleration during re-entry from space.
2002 Science 20 Sept. 1988/1 Several people recently became ill after receiving blood from a West Nile-infected donor, sparking alarm about the safety of the blood supply.
blood system n.
ΚΠ
1812 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. & Surg. 1 236 The words sanguineous system or blood-system may belong both to the vessels and their contents.
1912 J. S. Huxley Individual in Animal Kingdom ii. 63 Cyclosis..performs the same general functions for the organism as does a blood-system.
2004 Independent (Compact ed.) 2 Feb. 3/5 Many of the fish in the Antarctic have ‘antifreeze’ in their blood systems to prevent ice crystals forming in the sub-zero temperatures.
blood tie n.
ΚΠ
1654 P. English Surv. Policy 153 There is not a word here of choosing the rich and honorable, or of any carnall or blood-tie.
1832 A. M. Hall Buccaneer I. iv. 83 Our last court novelty, Griffeth Williams of Carnarvon, Esq...boasts of his blood-ties with the Princes of Wales.
1965 G. McInnes Road to Gundagai xvi. 282 The call of the Anglo-Saxon or Anglo-Celtic bloodties.
2007 Your Family Tree July 12/3 After discovering my family connections, I feel the pull of blood ties and birthright.
blood trade n.
ΚΠ
1844 C. F. Mersch tr. ‘C. Sealsfield’ Cabin Bk. xiv. 77/2 The rude blood-trade in which one is engaged for the moment, stifles all tender feelings.
1860 T. P. Thompson Audi Alteram Partem (1861) III. ci. 2 It is all the same where the war is, so the blood-trade flourishes.
1988 Financial Post (Canada) (Nexis) 11 Apr. ii. 22 The central theme of Anthony's thriller..revolves around the international blood trade.
blood value n.
ΚΠ
1880 R. Browning Muléykeh 9 Ten thousand camels the due, Blood-value paid perforce for a murder done of old.
1919 Times 28 May 16/5 Buying land at a market price which largely represented the blood value of the war.
2001 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Nexis) 30 June 31 We should recognize that the cost of priceless freedom..is immeasurable in the blood value of past generations.
blood vengeance n.
ΚΠ
1843 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 474/1 It would be as well to make acquaintance with a tiger as with him. He has already been wounded three times for blood-vengeance; but he cares not for that.
1926 A. Møller tr. J. Pedersen Israel I. ii. 269 Blood-vengeance, which in its old form is one of the most pronounced outcomes of the solidarity of the family.
1994 Washington Post 18 Mar. a29/5 My own short list of cases that nudge me toward blood vengeance... They are all famous crimes—particularly brutal offenses that generated lots of coverage.
blood vial n.
ΚΠ
1875 Ladies' Repository July 41/1 The Congregatio rituum declared..that palms and blood-vials were reliable tests by which the bodies of genuine martyrs could be distinguished from spurious ones.
1988 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 16 June a25/1 I wouldn't want my kid finding a blood vial on the beach.
2011 N. Hinze Deadly Ties xi. 124 A man came bolting out of the lab pushing a cart of blood vials.
blood vow n.
ΚΠ
1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 13 July 3/1 Siegfried binds himself by a blood-vow to help Gunther.
1957 J. M. Murtagh & S. Harris Cast First Stone ii. 25 She joined a girl gang..and took a blood vow to be true to her ‘sisters’.
2008 P. Carlo Gaslight Introd. p. xix Omerta—the blood vow taken to become a ‘made’ man—was considered a sacred oath.
C2. Objective.
a. With participial adjectives.
blood-circulating adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > vascular system > circulation > [adjective]
circulating1632
circuling1647
blood-circulating1833
1833 Transylvania Jrnl. Med. 6 13 These are the chylopoetic organs, the blood-making and blood-circulating organs, consisting of the lungs and the heart, and the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
1879 R. B. Todd Physiol. Anat. IV. 668/1 In which [apartment] are located the blood-circulating organs.
1937 Sci. Monthly Dec. 529/1 The brain presents a ground plan quite as recognizable as is the ground plan of the backbone, the eyes or of the blood-circulating system.
2007 Immunol. Lett. 108 48/2 Interactions between the immune system and the blood circulating system are provided by the special architecture of this organ [sc. the spleen].
blood-consuming adj.
ΚΠ
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) iii. ii. 61 Might..blood-consuming sighes recall his Life. View more context for this quotation
1822 W. H. Drummond Clontarf ii. 41 Ye Absentees, who give to alien lands Your country's rights, the treasures foully wrung From her heart's agonies, your rack-rents dire, And blood-consuming tithes.
2003 Albuquerque (New Mexico) Jrnl. (Nexis) 2 Jan. a1 The blood-consuming, flying mammals [sc. vampire bats] have received a bad rap over the centuries.
blood-forming adj.
ΚΠ
1845 Chemist 6 382/2 The nutritious, or blood-forming elements of food, have the same composition as the albumen, fibrine, &c., of the tissues.
1901 Interstate Med. Jrnl. 8 492 Specific changes showing their undoubted blood-forming function are found in these glands in certain diseases.
2005 Edge Spring 6/2 The transplant requires hematopoietic stem cells (blood-forming stem cells) and, ideally mesenchymal stem cells too..to work efficiently.
blood-freezing adj.
ΚΠ
1785 E. Malone Note on Macbeth in I. Reed Plays of Shakspeare (rev. ed.) IV. 503 Any person but this envious detractor would have..been thrown ‘into strong shudders’ and blood-freezing ‘agues’ by its [sc. Macbeth's] interesting and high wrought scenes.
1873 Appletons' Jrnl. 9 Aug. 170/1 Eric stands, for a slight while, like a man who has just seen some blood-freezing spectre.
2009 Film 4 Frightfest: Empire Leicester Square (Collectors' Programme) No. 10. 63 A total lunar eclipse is about to further darken the night skies. And Samantha's blood-freezing satanic panic begins.
blood-loving adj.
ΚΠ
1752 G. A. Stevens Distress upon Distress i. 50 Have you forgot how..On broken Bedstead, deck'd by dirty Rugs, You nightly snor'd, bit by Blood-loving Bugs?
1827 Ld. Byron Sardanapalus i. ii. 20 That blood-loving beldame, My martial grandam, chaste Semiramis.
1998 New Yorker 22 June 100/3 Have you written your piece about the blood-loving vets?
blood-thinning adj.
ΚΠ
1756 C. Smart tr. Horace Epistles i. xix, in tr. Horace Wks. II. 321 Soh! if I was to grow pale by accident, these poetasters would drink the blood-thinning cumin.
1850 Amer. Phrenol. Jrnl. & Misc. 12 178 Take deep and frequent inspirations of this blood-thinning element, and put yourself on a short allowance of simple food, and you will rapidly convalesce.
1919 C. Raymond One of Three i. 12 They had confidence in home medication—from carrying a horse chestnut for rheumatism to taking a blood thinning medicine in the spring as a purge of winter's congestion of corpuscles.
2006 Nature 8 June 681/3 The protein..will be given to antithrombin-deficient patients when they give birth or undergo surgery, where blood-thinning medicines could lead to runaway bleeding.
b. With verbal or agent nouns.
blood monger n.
ΚΠ
1832 Age 13 May 157/2 Stick it into the vitals of all who bear titles—Up, Bloodmongers!—go it, my boys!
1970 Tucson (Arizona) Daily Citizen 17 July 31/2 The blood mongers who love any kind of violence—the ones who gleefully pay to watch the modern-day farce of professional wrestling.
2010 Times (S. Afr.) (Nexis) 22 June Weren't they pleasantly surprised when they were not greeted by machete-wielding blood mongers?
blood offering n.
ΚΠ
1578 J. Bell tr. J. Foxe Serm. Christening Certaine Iew sig. Kvv Those blood offrings of the Ceremoniall lawe, were not deliuered, because they should neuer cease.
1716 J. Beart Divine Breathings i. iv. 39 It was a Blood-Offering, which Noah offer'd upon an Altar (as I suppose) of Earth.
1890 Folk-lore 1 Index 532/2 Blood-offering to Finnish water-spirit.
1983 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 6 Mar. ii. 4/1 As a blood offering to a woman he covets, the young man slashes the derelict's throat.
blood seller n.
ΚΠ
1822 D. Lyndsay Dramas Anc. World 162 Shall I go And leave my gracious master..in the power Of the blood sellers?
1926 San Antonio (Texas) Light 9 Aug. 5/3 Unable to find a professional bloodseller whose blood ‘matched’ Dalton's Doctor Black tested himself.
2003 Washington Post (Nexis) 2 Nov. t4 Government blood-collectors were widely exposed for..infecting huge numbers of blood-sellers with HIV and hepatitis.
blood-spiller n.
ΚΠ
1607 R. Parsons Treat Mitigation Catholike-subiectes in Eng. ii. 87 He presumeth to peruert the very wordes of God himself in the law, by translating fundas sanguinem ipsorum, spill their bloud, insteed of shed their bloud, as though God were a bloud-spiller.
1817 W. Scott Rob Roy II. xiii. 271 Honour is a homicide and a bloodspiller.
2000 N. M. Victorin-Vangerud in G. Thompson & C. Mostert Karl Barth (2001) iii. viii. 185 The representative figure of justification shifts from Cain, the blood-spiller, to Abel, whose blood is spilled.
blood sprinkling n.
ΚΠ
1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 124 S. Peter seemeth to haue had respect vnto the olde Ceremonie of bloud sprinckling.
1870 Times 23 Apr. 10/3 What it all means I know not, unless it be derived from the blood-sprinklings of the Lord.
1994 G. Brin Stud. Biblical Law v. 150 This kind of blood sprinkling is not mentioned in the ceremony of the Day of Atonement in Leviticus 16.
blood-sweating n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > discharge or flux > [noun] > bleeding or flow of blood > sweating blood
blood-sweatinga1250
bloody sweat1848
haematidrosis1854
a1250 Lofsong Lefdi (Nero) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 207 Ich bide þe..bi his blodi Rune þet ron inne monie studen, In umbe keoruunge, in his blod swetunge.
1680 O. Walker Of Benefits Saviour ii. 33 That passionate sad, blood-sweating, prayer, (many times iterated) to be freed from death.
1845 Dublin Univ. Mag. Mar. 310/1 These severe attacks of convulsion, blood-sweating, and vomiting..have become periodical, recurring every Friday.
2000 Philadelphia Daily News (Nexis) 19 Apr. 111 The difference between a regulation victory for the Sabres and the overtime blood-sweating that occurred instead.
C3. Instrumental and locative.
blood-bedabbled adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > [adjective] > stained > stained or smeared with blood
redOE
bloodyOE
drearyOE
weta1300
bloodedc1300
bleedingc1305
forbled1387
gory?a1500
cruent1524
purpled1561
brued1563
beweltered1565
bloodied1566
beblubbered1582
purple1590
bloodstained1594
ensanguined1628
blood-bedabbled1629
cruentous1648
cruentate1661
begored1683
sanguined1700
bluggy1876
1629 F. Quarles Argalus & Parthenia iii. 147 She prostrate lay Before their blood-bedabbled feet.
1895 W. B. Yeats Poems 22 Along the blood-bedabbled plains.
1992 B. Unsworth Sacred Hunger xxvii. 246 Haines presented himself some several hours later, haggard and bruised, his left eye blackened and half closed, his shirt blood-bedabbled.
blood-bespotted adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > [adjective] > spotted > with blood
blood-besprinkled1601
blood-bespotteda1616
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) v. i. 115 O blood-bespotted Neopolitan. View more context for this quotation
1867 People's Mag. 5 Oct. 634/1 It is difficult to recognize in these blood-bespotted eviscerators the comely young Highland women of the preceding evening.
1936 A. London tr. J. Adler Laugh, Jew, Laugh 105 Out ran the butcher's wife, a woman with disheveled, kinky hair and blood bespotted apron.
blood-besprinkled adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > [adjective] > spotted > with blood
blood-besprinkled1601
blood-bespotteda1616
1601 R. Yarington Two Lamentable Trag. sig. E2 His dissevered blood besprinkled lims.
1899 St. Louis Med. & Surg. Jrnl. Sept. 156 The personal habits of surgeons have changed very much for the better, as no one would now go about for an hour with blood-besprinkled linen.
2005 Time Out (Nexis) 16 Nov. 160 Dark Ages decor, then so often blood-besprinkled, has been eschewed in favour of retro '70s wallpaper and pastel-shaded sofas.
blood-bought adj.
ΚΠ
1596 M. Drayton Tragicall Legend Robert Duke of Normandy sig. D7 Shewing the place where heauens eternall King Our deere blood-bought redemption first began.
1772 W. Cowper in R. Conyers Coll. Psalms & Hymns 187 A blood bought free reward.
1855 F. Douglass My Bondage & my Freedom vii. 107 The table groans under the heavy and blood-bought luxuries gathered with pains-taking care, at home and abroad.
1994 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 2 June 1 The Reserve Bank and the Treasury are quite prepared to inflict a little more pain to prevent that blood-bought gain evaporating.
blood-bubbling adj.
ΚΠ
1840 Emancipator (N.Y.) 17 Dec. 1/4 Come back from the blood-bubbling feast of the cruel! Come with those who will embrace you, and do right.
1971 Life 20 Aug. 57/1 A new film called The Grissom Gang is almost unspeakably violent, strewing blood-bubbling corpses throughout its interminable length.
2000 Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 11 May (Today) 1 Carter and Lucy lay gasping what may well have been their last bloodbubbling breaths after an attack from a knifehappy nutter.
blood-cemented adj.
ΚΠ
1735 J. Thomson Liberty iv., in Wks. (1736) II. 39 Ere, blood-cemented, Anglo-Saxons saw Egbert and Peace on one united Throne.
1852 B. R. Hall Frank Freeman's Barber Shop viii. 135 Mighty speech! it has shivered into fragments the blood-cemented column of our fathers, and scattered into mere spangles the stars of our banner!
1990 BBC Summary of World Broadcasts (Nexis) 27 Oct. Over the past 40 years, the blood-cemented friendship between the Chinese people and the Korean people has been continuously deepened and developed.
blood-covered adj.
ΚΠ
1775 C. Vallancey Brehon Laws p. iii, in Collectanea de Rebus Hibernicis I. iv. Fearg flann ruadh, the blood covered leader of the army.
1845 F. Douglass Narr. Life Frederick Douglass x. 97 My puffed-out eye and blood-covered face moved her to tears.
1981 K. S. Maniam Return i. 7 I dreamed always of a blood-covered figure suddenly confronting me with a blood-stained parang.
2011 Daily Mail (Nexis) 23 Feb. Blood-covered survivors stumbled in a daze through the rubble-strewn streets.
blood-dabbled adj.
ΚΠ
1822 W. Tennant Thane of Fife ii. 54 Nor the blood-dabbled blade Which yet his weary hand unquenched sways.
1904 W. H. Hudson Green Mansions xxi. 306 Cla-cla's wrinkled dead face and white, blood-dabbled locks.
2002 Providence (Rhode-Island) Jrnl. (Nexis) 9 Apr. c2 He held up a blood-dabbled tissue, and he tongued a tiny front tooth that hung by an edge.
blood-defiled adj.
ΚΠ
1595 H. Chettle Piers Plainnes Prentiship sig. H2v [Celydon] breathd forth his aspiring spirite from his blood-defiled trunke.
?1803 G. S. Faber Diss. Prophecies (1818) III. v. vi. 332 I need not remark, that a more infamous..transaction can scarcely be produced even out of the reign of our own blood-defiled Queen Mary.
1900 Poet-lore 12 183 I will reckon with him for those thirsting nights wherein I drank the poison of renunciation,—when my trust in mankind sank to ruin with my blood-defiled rights.
2006 T. Neal Wounded Hero v. 210 Later, the narrator again avoids describing Patroclus' blood-defiled body.
blood-discoloured adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > [adjective] > bloodshot
bloodshota1450
blood-shottenc1450
shottenc1460
sanguinous1490
bloodshed1583
sanguined1700
blood-run1703
blood-discoloured1871
1814 E. Quillinan Dunluce Castle iv. viii. 65 May'st seek thy Sire and kindred now In yonder blood discolour'd tide.
1871 B. Taylor tr. J. W. von Goethe Faust (Boston ed.) II. iii. 234 With hollow, blood-discolored eyes.
1900 Hahnemannian Monthly Dec. 793 On washing the brain a blood-discolored spot was noticed around the fissure of Sylvius.
2007 H. H. Itabashi Forensic Neuropathol. iii. 67/2 Unilateral hemispheric SAH will result in blood-discolored arachnoid granulations.
blood-drenched adj.
ΚΠ
1658 T. Bancroft Time's out of Tune vi. 36 Strange Paradoxes in Divinity, Which this bloud-drenched age prodigiously Bring forth.
1872 H. James Let. 10 Oct. (1974) I. 305 Blood-drenched Paris.
1999 Daily Mail 22 Apr. 5/5 Police were confronted by a scene of blood-drenched horror. Several pupils were sprawled across the floor, some with hands still outstretched as if to fend off the bullets.
blood-dyed adj.
ΚΠ
1590 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Canticle in Triumph of Faith (1592) 13 The fifteenth man with thine arme's lightning iust That mightie bodie beat'st downe to the blood-died dust.
1799 J. Grahame Wallace v. iii. 86 She took her blood-dyed hands from off her breast, And stretch'd them forth in supplicating guise.
1996 Record (Kitchener-Waterloo, Ont.) (Nexis) 16 Mar. a14 Violence is woven into the blood-dyed fabric of popular culture.
blood-filled adj.
ΚΠ
1827 Asiatic Jrnl. & Monthly Reg. June 840/2 A female demon,..similar in countenance to the male..and bearing in her hands the same blood-filled goblet.
1997 C. Frazier Cold Mountain (2000) 138 She had a big blood-filled blister in the web of her skin between her thumb and forefinger.
blood-fired adj.
ΚΠ
a1657 G. Daniel Poems (1878) II. 9 Though the blood-fir'd Ruffian, rageing come.
1883 C. H. Payne Guides & Guards in Character-building (1884) 166 There they are, as hunger-fierce and blood-fired beasts as ever craunched their victims in the Coliseum at Rome.
2005 J. Clemens Shadowfall (2006) x. 201 The blood-fired craft had taken flight—or so it seemed.
blood-flecked adj.
ΚΠ
1822 London Mag. Feb. 162/1 The lynx's blood-fleck'd hide athwart his back is thrown.
1909 Jrnl. Infectious Dis. 6 484 Blood-flecked masses of mucus voided by the dogs and calves under experimentation.
2000 Times 11 Jan. 6/6 Anyone who has..a painful cough with blood-flecked sputum should call a doctor.
blood-frozen adj.
ΚΠ
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. ix. sig. H8v Yet nathemore..Could his blood frosen hart emboldened bee.
1899 H. H. Munro Rise Russ. Empire (1900) viii. 219 The bearers of them [sc. these names] walked to their doom under the gaze of a blood-frozen multitude.
1934 Bakersfield Californian 16 May 8/1 Two innocent young lovers..are caught in the satanic toils of these two blood-frozen creatures and made the unwilling victims of dread and fear.
blood-gushing adj.
ΚΠ
1658 T. Bancroft Time's out of Tune xiii. 92 Meleager had to ground Brought an huge Bore with a bloud-gushing wound.
1831 C. B. Ash Poet. Wks. II. 310 We will greet the pale corpse with a sorrow-heav'd sigh, And bind up the blood-gushing wound.
1996 Telegram & Gaz. (Mass.) (Nexis) 22 Nov. d1 Mallette got on top and half-delivered another punch, but the damage—a bloodgushing gash above Baron's left eye—had already been done.
blood-masked adj.
ΚΠ
1928 E. Blunden Undertones of War 5 Others lay near him, also bloodmasked.
2006 Times (Nexis) 24 July 7 With an expression of utmost calm on her blood-masked face, the woman allowed herself to be gently lowered from the minibus into the waiting arms of two Lebanese Red Cross volunteers.
† blood-plashed adj. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1877 A. G. Murdoch Laird's Lykewake 72 No slothful hand doth brandish thee; within one hour thou wilt Lie panting in thy master's breast, sheathed to the blood-plash'd hilt.
1921 C. E. Russell in M. Gorky Mother (Foreword) p. x Visibly rises the great, black, soulless, eyeless, blood-plashed machine with which Russia was governed and terrorized.
blood-polluted adj.
ΚΠ
a1703 R. Hooke Disc. Earthquakes in Posthumous Wks. (1705) 377 The last of Deities from Blood polluted Earth Astræa flies.
1861 Harper's Mag. Mar. 519/1 The cattle..low in terror and disgust as their nostrils snuff the blood-polluted air.
1998 Intelligencer (Lancaster, Pa.) Jrnl. (Nexis) 12 Sept. c9 Bodies being washed up onto shore by the blood-polluted ocean waters.
blood-scrawled adj.
ΚΠ
1801 T. Moore Ring lvi. 221 He saw the blood-scrawled name.
1911 Pacific Monthly 25 423/1 He did not lower his head to look at the paper in his hand, but lifted the blood-scrawled letter to the level of his steely eyes.
2004 Seattle Post-Intelligencer (Nexis) 14 Sept. e3 He awakens one day to find his front door..marked with a blood-scrawled warning: Don't go out.
blood-smeared adj.
ΚΠ
1624 J. Vicars tr. G. Goodwin Babels Balm 91 Englands Transalpinated Papistrie. Hath wrought such oft Blood-smeared crueltie.
1773 London Mag. Sept. 431/1 A blood-smear'd Huron feasts with ghastly glee.
1872 Leeds Mercury 11 June 8/3 Worse still were the blood-smeared corpses crushed to death by jaws of ice closing on them.
1958 K. Nelson & C. Ford Klondy: Daughter Gold Rush i. 10 A blood-smeared dog ran ki-yi-ing past us.
2011 Washington Post (Nexis) 13 Feb. a25 I peered past the police tape at the blood-smeared sidewalk and the covered bodies of the victims.
blood-soaked adj.
ΚΠ
1820 New Times 1 Aug. 4/2 Such monuments as that which was inscribed ‘to Liberty’, amid the blood-soaked ashes of Lyon!
1905 Daily Chron. 16 Jan. 3/4 A staggering, blood-soaked figure.
2001 Games Master Mar. 29/1 Gory? You bet your blood-soaked chainsaw it is.
blood-sodden adj.
ΚΠ
1812 R. Dabney Poems & Transl. 96 She smiles on the blood-sodden plain.
1929 W. B. Yeats Winding Stair 11 The heart in his blood-sodden breast.
2007 Bizarre Sept. 115/1 (heading) A blood-sodden history of trash-horror cinema.
blood-spattered adj.
ΚΠ
1821 E. Atherstone Last Days Herculaneum 60 Till all were slain Save the blood-spatter'd slayer.
1919 E. R. Burroughs Jungle Tales of Tarzan viii. 194 The dragged body of the victim left a plain trail, blood-spattered and scentful.
2007 G. Hurley One Under xiii. 266 Jake Tarrant was wearing clinical greys,..and a pair of blood-spattered wellington boots.
blood-splattered adj.
ΚΠ
1906 Jrnl. 27th Session Grand Army of Republic (Indiana) XXIII. 3 I thought of Winslow lying blood splattered on the deck of his ship.
2002 Entertainm. Weekly 18 Jan. 40/2 With his blood-splattered face, he looks as if he just got whacked with a sackful of nickels.
blood-tinctured adj.
ΚΠ
1776 J. Beattie Ess. on Poetry & Music ii. i. 269 Blood-tinctured fire Glared from his haggard eyeballs.
1881 J. Todhunter Rienzi Tribune of Rome ii. iii. 65 I sow A tree of vengeance, whose blood-tinctured flowers May bear accursed fruit.
2006 M. A. Black in J. A. Konrath These Guns for Hire 176 A large, blood-tinctured bubble spread over Kiroshi's lips, and stayed there without bursting.
C4. Parasynthetic and locative.
blood-black adj.
ΚΠ
1847 Mirror Monthly Mag. Nov. 293/2 Every Gazette with its seal, as it were blood-black, only contains nameless death.
a1918 W. Owen Coll. Poems (1963) 69 Sunlight seems a blood-smear; night comes blood-black.
2005 Salt Lake Tribune (Nexis) 8 July d3 A simple case of overflowing toilets doesn't explain the whispering voices, the blood-black water coming from the faucets.
blood-coloured adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > deep red or crimson
blood-redeOE
purpleOE
bloodyOE
purpurine1300
sanguinea1382
tuly1398
crimsonc1400
murreyc1400
purpurec1400
sanguinolentc1450
cramoisy1480
ruby-redc1487
rubya1500
sanguineousc1520
sanguine-coloured1552
blood-coloured1567
rubine1576
purple-red1578
rubied?1594
incarnadine1605
Tyrian?1614
rubiousa1616
murrey-coloured1657
haematine1658
vinaceous1688
carmine1737
claret-coloured1779
ensanguined1785
peony1810
sanguinaceous1816
gory1822
crimsony1830
vinous1834
laky1849
grenat1851
madder1852
wine-dark1855
pigeon's blood1870
poppy crimson1879
claret1882
vinous1894
alizarin1923
wine1950
1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 7 Elutropia is a Gemme..in part coloured and bespotted with Purple speckes & bloud coloured vaines.
1782 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting (ed. 3) V. 97 A blood-coloured ribband with Death's head, swords, &c.
1833 F. A. Butler Jrnl. 12 July (1835) II. 250 I loitered by the rapid waters, flinging light branches and flowers upon the blood-coloured torrent.
1996 Atlantic Jan. 90/2 Blood-colored nail polish.
blood-dark adj.
ΚΠ
1828 Spirit of Eng. Mag. 15 Feb. 402/1 I saw the routed Saracens, Flee from his blood-dark brand.
1958 R. S. Thomas Poetry for Supper 38 You were born on a blood-dark tide.
2005 H. Mantel Beyond Black xii. 403 Floribundas..swelling into flagrant blood-dark bloom.
blood-faced adj.
ΚΠ
1850 T. A. Buckley tr. Euripides Trag. II. 151 He was insolent, and scoffed at me respecting the murder of my mother, and the blood-faced Goddesses.
1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets vii. 227 Hound not Those blood-faced, snake-encircled women on me.
1999 Daily Herald (Chicago) 9 Nov. v. 2/6 A creepy blood-faced ghoul.
blood-hued adj.
ΚΠ
1829 C. Redding Gabrielle 65 The Menai waves rolled darkly red, The rocks and woods blood-hued became, Volcanic every mountain's head.
a1849 J. C. Mangan Poems (1859) 121 That lone flower, blood-hued at heart.
1995 J. Banville Athena 76 Against the blood-hued brocade of the couch the ivory pallor of the awaking statue seems a token of submissiveness.
C5.
blood accusation n. [compare German Blutanklage (1840 or earlier); see also the etymological note at blood libel n.] an (unfounded) accusation that Jewish people use the blood of Christians in religious rituals, esp. in the preparation of Passover bread; an instance of blood libel; (also with the) = blood libel n.
ΚΠ
1859 Hebrew Rev. 9 Dec. 126/2 The awful blood accusations have been renewed, as well as the outrages and all the violence which seems to be inseparable from them.
1902 S. Rapaport Blood Accusation & its Refut. 7 Rudolf I, Emperor of Germany,..in 1257..confirmed the edicts of two popes as to the groundlessness of the blood accusations.
1997 Jewish Social Stud. 3 12 Probably the most cogent and powerful rebuttals of the blood accusation were written by Anglican missionaries committed to the proposition that the Second Coming or Advent of Christ was dependent on the conversion of the Jewish people to Christianity.
blood agar n. Microbiology an agar-based culture medium containing blood.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > material > [noun] > culture or medium
culture1880
blood culture1881
cultivation1881
culture medium1883
pure culture1883
agar1885
broth1885
subculture1885
tube-culture1886
bouillon1887
stab-culture1889
streak culture1892
blood agar1893
microculture1893
shake culture1894
streak plate1895
broth culture1897
slant1899
plating1900
stock culture1903
touch preparation1908
tissue culture1912
plaque1924
slope1925
agar-agar1929
isolate1931
MacConkey1938
auxanogram1949
lawn1951
monolayer1952
replica plate1952
1893 Med. Rev. 5 Aug. 113/2 The growth of the influenza bacillus on blood agar is very characteristic.
1927 R. A. Kelser Man. Vet. Bacteriol. v. 57 Blood Agar. Add 10 per cent of sterile defibrinated horse, sheep or rabbit blood to a definite amount of sterile nutrient agar.
2005 M. Wilson Microbial Inhabitants of Humans viii. 336 Colonies [of Porphyromonas] on blood agar become black after several days incubation due to the production of protohaem.
blood alcohol n. (the concentration of) alcohol present in the blood (frequently attributive).
ΚΠ
1923 Tohoku Jrnl. Exper. Med. 4 275 (title) Comparative studies of the methods of determining blood alcohol.
1975 New Scientist 27 Nov. 504/1 A blood alcohol level of 110 mg/100 ml meant that a driver was 17 times more likely to be involved in an accident than under normal circumstances.
2007 Esquire Feb. 140/2 People who hadn't slept for the past 21 hours demonstrated driving skills as bad as those with a blood-alcohol level of 0.08 per cent—the legal limit for driving.
blood alley n. chiefly British regional (in marbles) an alley (alley n.2) which has red or pink markings.
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society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > children's game > marbles > [noun] > marble > types of
nicker1675
alley1720
blood alley1821
commoney1837
Rouge Royal1837
peewee1848
stoney1856
knicker1860
bonce1862
plunker1863
dobber1875
agate1886
mig1886
glassy1887
miggle1890
shooter1892
aggie1896
knuckler1896
milkie1908
ghoen1913
miggie1916
immy1928
glarney1953
1821 New Monthly Mag. 2 322 Boys..supreme-judgmented in taws, blood-alleys, and peg-tops.
1923 Daily Mail 29 Jan. 8 The most skilful English errand boys that ever shot a blood-alley.
2002 S. Wales Echo (Nexis) 2 Sept. 16 Hordes of small boys spent hours on their knees praying. Praying that their prized bloodalley..wouldn't be won by an enemy.
blood band n. a ligature or bandage used to stop bleeding.
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the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > bandage > [noun]
swathec1050
blood benda1250
blood bandc1300
bondc1384
whip1504
trusser1519
swath-band1556
swaddlea1569
winding band1582
deligature1583
ligation1598
bandage1599
fettle1599
ligament1599
selvage1599
swathe1615
swaddlings1623
anadesm1658
fasciation1658
girt1676
platysma1684
flannels1723
fillet1802
sealing1862
c1300 in T. Hunt Pop. Med. 13th-cent. Eng. (1990) v. 258 Et hiis factis paretur pannus lineus ad modum blodebende ad latitudinem illius uncture.
c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 2576 Þow arte towchede! Vs bus haue a blode-bande, or thi ble change.
1989 C. MacCoun Age of Miracles ii. i. 107 Keeping her arm horizontal,..she raised it for Pratt's inspection. ‘Have you a blood band?’ she asked calmly.
blood bank n. a place where a supply of blood for transfusion is stored; (also) the institution or body of officials responsible for maintaining a stock of blood.
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the mind > possession > supply > storage > [noun] > that which is stored or a store > specifically of blood or milk
blood bank1936
breast milk bank1940
bloodstock1942
milk bank1948
the mind > possession > supply > storage > [noun] > place where anything is or may be stored > other spec.
peltry?c1475
apple loft1569
root cellar1767
cake house1789
bottle store1829
nitre-tank1877
blood bank1936
eye bank1938
tissue-bank1968
1936 Ames (Iowa) Daily Tribune-Times 4 Jan. 2/1 (headline) ‘Blood bank’ is new development.
1968 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 4 Apr. 750/1 The combat-zone blood bank, situated at the end of a long supply line, often receives blood 10 to 12 days after collection.
2001 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 17 May 18/5 Australia's blood bank is closely monitoring international trials of a new solution which has the potential to replace human blood in transfusions.
blood banker n. a person or institution engaged in blood banking.
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1943 Time 29 Nov. 75/1 Dr. Sergeo I. Spasokukotey, 73, Russian experimental surgeon, pioneer blood-banker.
1972 Science 31 Mar. 1444/3 Blood bankers have strong feelings of attachment to their own way of doing things.
2003 P. J. Smith & N. D. Geddes in J. A. Jacko & A. Sears Human-Computer Interaction Handbk. xxxiii. 663 One of the difficult tasks that blood bankers must complete as part of this process is the determination of whether the patient has any alloantibodies present in his blood serum.
blood banking n. the action or practice of maintaining a stock of blood for transfusion; the operation of a blood bank.
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1937 Morning News (Florence, S. Carolina) 6 July 4/3 Here's how blood-banking works.
1962 Sci. News Let. 28 Apr. 259/3 Blood banking methods have not permitted the storage of transfusable human blood longer than 21 days.
2011 S. G. Pemberton Bleeding Dis. ii. 67 Effective blood banking was the last serious obstacle to making blood transfusion a readily available treatment for patients.
blood baptism n. any rite of initiation involving blood or bloodshed (literal and figurative); (Christian Church) (a) the redeeming sacrifice of Christ on the cross; (b) the martyrdom of early (unbaptized) Christian converts, regarded as a (privileged) substitute for water baptism.
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1700 Flavel's Fountain of Life (ed. 3) xxii. 254 [Christ] who foresaw this Hour all along, and professed when he spake of this blood Baptism [earlier eds. bloody baptism] with which he was to be baptized, that he was straitned till it was accomplish'd.
1751 J. Gambold Maxims, Theol. Ideas & Sentences Present Ordinary of Brethren's Churches 343 We look upon the Earth and all its Inhabitants to be the just Inheritance of the Lamb, and don't allow Satan the least Right more to one single Soul. This is the Effect of Christ's Blood-Baptism.
1790 R. Robinson Hist. Baptism xxix. 339 Blood-baptism is martyrdom for Christ.
1869 New Englander Jan. 30 As of old the blood-baptism of the martyr canonized him in the church, though he had failed to be baptized of water into the Christian name.
1891 A. Hayes March of Man 52 Freedom that day Received her charter, and the People's cause Blood-baptism.
1912 E. B. Sanford Conc. Cycl. Relig. Knowl. 116/2 In the early Church, when catechumens were martyred before receiving baptism, they were said, in death, to have received a full substitute by blood-baptism.
1984 C. A. Pater Karlstadt as Father Baptist Movement 95 Children are saved through the sacrament of baptism, which rests on Christ's blood-baptism, since children are not capable of reasoning.
2006 M. Callia et al. in L. Cowen Edges of Experience 391 The ‘tauróbolo’ consisted of a bull sacrifice and a blood baptism of those initiated.
blood bay adj. and n. (a) adj. (of a horse) of a deep reddish bay colour; (b) n. a horse of this colour.
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the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > brownish-red
rustya1398
hepaticc1420
horseflesh1530
rubiginousa1538
iron1587
bricky1615
ferrugineous1633
sand-reda1639
brickish1648
ferruginous1656
lateritious1656
brick-coloured1675
blood bay1684
testaceous1688
rust-coloureda1691
brick-red1740
brick-dust-like1765
maroon1771
rufous1782
brick-dusty1817
rusted1818
worm red1831
brownish-red1832
brown-red1835
foxy1850
rust1854
henna-coloured1865
chestnut-red1882
terra-cotta1882
copper-red1883
fox-red1910
oxblood1918
tony1921
henna-brown1931
henna-red2002
1684 London Gaz. No. 1903/4 A Blood bay Stone Horse, between 14 and 15 hands high, being much given to bite and strike and squeel.
1790 T. Jefferson Let. 24 Aug. in Papers (1965) XVII. 418 I shall have occasion..for a carriage horse, blood bay, of 4f. 10 or 4f. 11 I. high.
1860 J. Brown Let. 15 Aug. in Horæ Subsecivæ (1861) 2nd Ser. 256 His little blood bay horse.
1936 Street & Smith's Western Story Mag. 14 Mar. 68/1 Two horses looked far better than the others—a great blood bay and a long-legged sorrel.
2003 Sarcramento (Calif.) Bee (Nexis) 19 July a1 They uncovered the blinding speed of the blood bay stallion.
† blood-being n. Obsolete rare (in the language of D. H. Lawrence) an essential physical being; a physical essence.
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the world > life > source or principle of life > [noun]
lifeOE
life and limbc1275
life and memberc1275
being1521
trouble and strife1908
blood-being1915
1915 D. H. Lawrence Let. 8 Dec. (1962) 394 All living things, even plants, have a blood-being. If a lizard falls on the breast of a pregnant woman, then the blood-being of the lizard passes with a shock into the blood-being of the woman, and is transferred to the foetus... We have a blood-being, a blood-consciousness, a blood-soul, complete and apart from the mental and nerve consciousness.
† blood bend n. Obsolete = blood band n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > bandage > [noun]
swathec1050
blood benda1250
blood bandc1300
bondc1384
whip1504
trusser1519
swath-band1556
swaddlea1569
winding band1582
deligature1583
ligation1598
bandage1599
fettle1599
ligament1599
selvage1599
swathe1615
swaddlings1623
anadesm1658
fasciation1658
girt1676
platysma1684
flannels1723
fillet1802
sealing1862
a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 191 Ne blodbendes of seolke.
c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 2208 (MED) His blod bende brast oway.
blood blister n. a blister containing blood or blood-tinged fluid; also figurative.
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1809 Med. Repository 3rd Hexade 1 43 Generally spots on the skin, the size of half a common turkey-shot, were scattered over the body, resembling blood blisters.
1914 Science 27 Nov. 785 In the first two cases there was a small spot in the sclerotic coat, which can best be described as a blood blister.
1960 J. W. Bellah Sergeant Rutledge xvii. 87 The one point that might be a leech to raise a blood blister of doubt.
2001 Sun (Nexis) 2 May I told her I have got a couple of blood blisters on my toe, but it's not too bad.
blood-boltered adj. [probably < blood n. + a variant of the past participle of balter v.] now literary and archaic clotted or clogged with blood; esp. having the hair matted with blood.
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the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > clogged or stuck together with dirt > [adjective] > with specific substances
blood-boltereda1616
oiled-up1912
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iv. i. 139 Now I see 'tis true, For the Blood-bolter'd Banquo smiles vpon me. View more context for this quotation
1782 S. Johnson tr. Euripides in Compl. Eng. Poems 137 Murder, all blood-bolter'd, schemes the wound.
1847 H. Miller First Impressions Eng. ii. 24 The old blood-boltered barons.
1986 P. D. James Taste for Death (1989) v. viii. 408 Such a small thing, a simple impulse obeyed, and it had led him to that blood-boltered vestry.
† blood-bondage n. Obsolete any binding relationship based on kinship or heredity; cf. bondage n.
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1852 G. P. Scrope Hist. Castle Combe vii. 223 Families..seem to have continued in blood bondage through the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries.
1926 D. H. Lawrence Plumed Serpent ix. 154 He would give her [sc. his mother] some money if she were in a strait. And there was a thin little thread of blood-bondage between them. Apart from that, complete indifference.
blood-book n. [after German Blutbuch (1593–4)] (a) German History a book in which the names and confessions of criminals convicted of capital offences were recorded; (b) a book containing violent or sensational material, a blood-and-thunder book; cf. sense 23 (now historical).
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1837 T. Keightley Secret Societies Middle Ages 369 Should the sentence passed be a capital one..the name of the criminal was entered in the blood-book.
1894 Daily News 29 May 6/4 ‘Blood and thunder books’;..‘blood books’—brief and brutal—is the expression in general use.
1965 T. A. Cullen When London walked in Terror xiv. 205 [The morning after Jack the Ripper killing] hoarse-voiced vendors threaded their way through the crowd brandishing crimson covered pamphlets, which they identified as, ‘The Whitechapel Blood Book—only a penny!’
2001 U. Rublack Crimes Women in Early Mod. Germany App. 262 In Esslingen so-called ‘blood-books’, recording the confessions of tried offenders, are preserved for both centuries, but almost all trial records..are missing.
blood boosting n. Sport = blood doping n.
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1971 Cedar Rapids (Iowa) Gaz. 15 Nov. 15/6 It is impossible to rule against blood boosting on an ethical basis.
1986 Bicycling Aug. 10/1 First there was the Olympic blood boosting scandal; then, the mandatory hardshell helmet ruling; and, of late, the near crippling liability insurance crisis.
2004 A. Smith & H. Westerbeek Sport Business Future iii. 41 Blood-boosting and muscle growth are the two areas in which most gene therapy research has concentrated to date.
blood-borne adj. carried in the blood; caused or transmitted by an agent present in blood; cf. waterborne adj. 3.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > production of disease > [adjective] > agent or medium > transmitted by
waterborne1873
blood-borne1885
food-borne1898
louse-borne1919
tick-borne1921
vector-borne1956
1885 W. H. Dickinson On Renal & Urin. Affect. iii. xviii. 1067 The probably constant arrest of the blood-borne ova in the liver..explains the position of the lung with regard to the distribution of hydatid tumors.
1916 Kentucky Med. Jrnl. 14 69/1 We have good reasons for believing that all acute infectious diseases are micro-organismal if not bacterial in origin, and that they are blood-borne diseases.
1991 Star-Ledger (Newark, New Jersey) 27 Oct. h2/3 She was infected with malarial blood, which she was told had been tested for AIDS, hepatitis and other blood-borne diseases.
2004 Gay Times Feb. 64/2 He..has never come across anyone who caught a blood-borne virus such as HIV—or Hepatitis C, which is far more common and infectious—through an aerial act.
blood–brain barrier n. [after French barrière hémato-encéphalique (1927 or earlier) or German Bluthirnschranke (1932 or earlier)] Physiology a barrier to the passage of most ionized and very large molecules from the blood into brain tissue, created by the specialized endothelium of cerebral capillaries.
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1934 U. Friedemann & A. Elkeles in Lancet 7 Apr. 719/1 Investigators have become aware of the existence of a selective mechanism regulating the exchange of substances between blood and brain. This mechanism has been described as ‘barrière hémato-encéphalique’ or ‘Bluthirnschranke’. We propose to use the English equivalent and therefore shall speak of the blood-brain barrier or B.B.B.
1954 H. W. Florey Lect. Gen. Pathol. xxxvi. 679 The blood-brain barrier is the least easily passed. Penicillin, for example, does not pass in significant amounts from the blood into the cerebrospinal fluid.
2000 Daily Tel. 23 May 22/2 Second-generation antihistamines..do not readily cross the blood-brain barrier and have much less sedative action.
blood bulk n. †(a) a part or organ of the body containing blood (not identified; perhaps the liver or spleen) (obsolete); (b) = blood volume n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > [noun]
lichamc888
bodyeOE
earthOE
lichOE
bone houseOE
dustc1000
fleshOE
utter mana1050
bonesOE
bodiȝlichc1175
bouka1225
bellyc1275
slimec1315
corpsec1325
vesselc1360
tabernaclec1374
carrion1377
corsec1386
personc1390
claya1400
carcass1406
lump of claya1425
sensuality?a1425
corpusc1440
God's imagea1450
bulka1475
natural body1526
outward man1526
quarrons1567
blood bulk1570
skinfula1592
flesh-rind1593
clod1595
anatomy1597
veil1598
microcosm1601
machine1604
outwall1608
lay part1609
machina1612
cabinet1614
automaton1644
case1655
mud wall1662
structure1671
soul case1683
incarnation1745
personality1748
personage1785
man1830
embodiment1850
flesh-stuff1855
corporeity1865
chassis1930
soma1958
1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 918/2 His bloudbolke was broken by reason they had so vilye beaten hym and brused hym.
1638 Proc. Provinc. Court Jan. in W. H. Browne Arch. Maryland (1887) IV. 10 John Bryant by the fall of a tree had his bloud bulke broken.
1897 Trans. State Med. Soc. Wisconsin 31 314 When there is great hemorrhage the anemia is due to lack of blood-bulk, and there is no great change in the blood-making organs.
1993 Associated Press (Nexis) 15 Sept. Fludrocortisone, along with the salt and water supplements already given to astronauts, will be used to keep the blood bulk higher.
blood cell n. any of the cells or types of cell normally present in the blood; esp. a red blood cell or white blood cell.red, white blood cell: see the first element.
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the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > blood corpuscle or plate > [noun]
blood corpuscle1838
disc1839
blood cell1841
corpuscle1845
haematoblast1876
blood plate1882
plaquette1883
blood plaque1884
plaque1884
blood platelet1888
platelet1888
haemad1891
thrombocyte1893
blood disc1902
blast cell1947
1841 M. Barry in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 131 202 The substance surrounding the nucleus is..regarded simply as ‘the red colouring matter’,—forming the contents of what has been denominated the blood-cell.
1878 F. J. Bell & E. R. Lankester tr. C. Gegenbaur Elements Compar. Anat. 172 In many Nemertina the blood-cells have a red colour.
1920 Times 7 Oct. 7/1 A microscopical examination showed that they were of mammalian blood, the cells having the size and appearance of human blood-cells.
2008 Science 15 Feb. 884/2 Blood sugar was assessed by hemoglobin A1c, a measure of sugar inside blood cells.
blood-chilling adj. (hyperbolically) such as to make the blood run cold; terrifying, horrifying; (later also in weakened use, esp. humorously) awful, dismal; cf. to make the blood run cold at Phrases 1i, chill v. Additions, spine-chilling adj. and n. at spine n.1 Compounds 2.
ΚΠ
1632 J. Vicars tr. Virgil XII Aeneids iii. 69 Bloud-chilling feare doth us surprise.
1771 L. Lewis Serm. Preach'd at New Meeting House 12 The horrid, blood-chilling solemnities of a day prefix'd—the dreadful cruel pomp of an ignominious tormenting execution.
1825 Sandusky (Ohio) Clarion 10 Dec. Of the horrible and blood-chilling spectacle which it exhibited, we are permitted only to say that on her body and neck were found eleven wounds.
1885 Overland Monthly July 99/2 Vampires, were-wolves, all the blood-chilling horrors..might be about.
1933 S. Walker Night Club Era 320 An evening with Frank E. Campbell, the undertaker, at Jansen's old place, and his straight-faced, blood-chilling jocosity.
2004 Q Sept. 144/3 Despite the blood-chilling news that her set includes a cover of John Lennon's Imagine,..[the] tour has long since sold out.
blood cholesterol n. (the concentration of) cholesterol present in the blood (frequently attributive).
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1915 Jrnl. Biol. Chem. 22 1 That cholesterol, when fed, is actually absorbed, and that the absorption is followed by a rise in blood cholesterol, has long been established.
1949 H. W. C. Vines Green's Man. Pathol. (ed. 17) xxxiii. 896 The only exception is the œdema associated with the ‘pregnancy kidney’, in which the blood cholesterol may be normal or lowered.
2003 Washington Post 12 Aug. (Home ed.) f1/4 This class of drugs has been incredibly successful at helping people lower their blood cholesterol levels.
blood clotting n. the coagulation of blood (chiefly attributive).
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1859 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 23 July 583/2 The two processes,—fibrinous deposit and blood clotting,—go on somewhat irregularly.
1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xlviii. 738 Enzymes which produce clotting, e.g. thrombase, the blood-clotting enzyme.
2009 J. A. Coyne Why Evol. is True v. 151 A plausible and adaptive sequence for the evolution of the entire blood-clotting cascade from parts of precursor proteins.
blood-conscious adj. (in D. H. Lawrence's terminology) of the nature of or characterized by blood-consciousness.
ΚΠ
1923 D. H. Lawrence Stud. Classic Amer. Lit. vii. 126 They [sc. Americans] admire the blood-conscious spontaneity. And they want to get it in their heads. ‘Live from the body,’ they shriek.
1968 L. Travis (title) D. H. Lawrence: the blood-conscious artist.
† blood-consciousness n. Obsolete (D. H. Lawrence's name for) consciousness of the most elemental or material kind, which lacks any mental or spiritual dimension; (also) an instance of this.
ΚΠ
1915 D. H. Lawrence Let. 8 Dec. (1962) 394 We have a blood-being, a blood-consciousness, a blood-soul, complete and apart from the mental and nerve consciousness.
1922 D. H. Lawrence Fantasia of Unconscious xiv. 256 Sex is our deepest form of consciousness. It is utterly non-ideal, non-mental. It is pure blood-consciousness. It is the basic consciousness of the blood, the nearest thing in us to pure material consciousness.
1923 D. H. Lawrence Stud. Classic Amer. Lit. vii. 125 Blood-consciousness overwhelms, obliterates, and annuls mind-consciousness. Mind-consciousness extinguishes blood-consciousness, and consumes the blood.
blood coral n. precious red coral, Corallium nobile, esp. as used to make jewellery.
ΚΠ
1671 J. Ogilby tr. O. Dapper et al. Atlas Chinensis 83 Sixteen Ounces of Blood Coral [Du. bloet-koral], in one Polish'd Branch.
1706 Philos. Trans. 1704–5 (Royal Soc.) 24 2160 I had formerly several times slit..pieces of Blood Corral, that were very fair, and of a shining Redness.
1871 Scribner's Monthly Nov. 27 The different kinds are known to commerce under the various names of ‘blood coral’ first, second, third, etc., according to the shade.
1907 R. Kirkpatrick & F. J. Bell Guide Coral Gallery Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.). 54 Stylaster sanguineus, or the ‘Blood Coral’ from the Pacific Islands, is of a brilliant red colour.
2009 T. Caylus Hezbollah Medallions x. 42 Putting on blood-coral earrings and a cabochon ruby ring, she applied a little makeup.
blood corpuscle n. = blood cell n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > blood corpuscle or plate > [noun]
blood corpuscle1838
disc1839
blood cell1841
corpuscle1845
haematoblast1876
blood plate1882
plaquette1883
blood plaque1884
plaque1884
blood platelet1888
platelet1888
haemad1891
thrombocyte1893
blood disc1902
blast cell1947
1838 Edinb. Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 50 5 It abounded in well-formed spermatic animalcules, and contained a few blood corpuscles, or particles extremely like them.
1903 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 84 ii. 741 Haemerythrin, the pink colouring matter in the blood of Sipunculus and a few other worms, is contained in the blood corpuscles.
2002 P. Herring Biol. Deep Ocean v. 115 The lactate has an additional, and much greater, effect on the oxygen that is bound to the haemoglobin in the blood corpuscles.
blood count n. (a determination of) the number, and usually the type, of blood cells contained in a given volume of blood.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > blood corpuscle or plate > [noun] > blood count
blood count1876
1876 Amer. Jrnl. Med. Sci. 71 32 Yet all, after prolonged use of small doses of mercury for respectively eleven, six, and eighteen months, showed a blood count above the healthy average.
1907 Practitioner Dec. 852 A blood-count, made two years ago, showed: Red cells, 5,000,000 [etc.].
2002 Esquire May 80/3 Age thirty-five is a good time to get a base-level complete blood count and a full lipid profile.
† bloodcraft n. Obsolete a murderous conspiracy.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > intention > planning > plotting > [noun] > a plot > murderous
bloodcraft1573
1573 J. Daus tr. H. Bullinger Hundred Serm. vpon Apocalipse (rev. ed.) lxxi. f. 225v Fornications, wonderfull surfetting, bloudcraftes and counselles.
blood culture n. culture of a sample of blood for microorganisms; an instance of this.
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the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > material > [noun] > culture or medium
culture1880
blood culture1881
cultivation1881
culture medium1883
pure culture1883
agar1885
broth1885
subculture1885
tube-culture1886
bouillon1887
stab-culture1889
streak culture1892
blood agar1893
microculture1893
shake culture1894
streak plate1895
broth culture1897
slant1899
plating1900
stock culture1903
touch preparation1908
tissue culture1912
plaque1924
slope1925
agar-agar1929
isolate1931
MacConkey1938
auxanogram1949
lawn1951
monolayer1952
replica plate1952
1881 Amer. Monthly Microsc. Jrnl. 2 149/1 On the 13th two minims of this blood-culture were injected into a small rabbit.
1899 Jrnl. Exper. Med. 4 429 Blood cultures made in cases of pneumonia..indicate..a general blood invasion.
1963 Lancet 5 Jan. 55/2 Blood-cultures were negative.
2003 Jrnl. Clin. Microbiol. 41 4460 Liver pus and blood cultures remained sterile on conventional culture.
blood-curdler n. something imagined as able to curdle the blood; esp. a narrative calculated to terrify its audience (cf. curdler n. 3a).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > causing physical symptoms > [noun] > something that curdles the blood
blood-curdler1872
1872 Daily Evening Bull. (San Francisco) 31 May An enterprising and industrious Louisville reporter thought he got on track of a blood-curdler the other day.
1906 E. Dyson Fact'ry 'Ands xv. 197 That one yowl was er blood-curdler.
1935 Mason City (Iowa) Globe-Gaz. 19 Apr. 7/1 30 mystery books added at library. Saturday to be gala day for readers of blood curdlers.
2001 Teddy Bear Scene Jan. 18/2 The psychotic chain saw wielding lunatic that could cause havoc in a Hollywood blood-curdler.
blood-curdling adj. causing terror or horror; very frightening; spine-chilling; cf. curdle v. 1a.
ΚΠ
1724 Plain Dealer 24 July 1/2 So powerfully filled, throughout, with that Blood-curdling, chilling Influence, of Nature, working on our Passions..that I never met it stronger in Homer himself.
1896 Chums 8 July 4/2 A distinct, blood-curdling groan—no doubt about that.
1903 Chicago Daily News 16 Dec. 1/7 The Lone Star saloon..described..as the scene of blood-curdling crimes through the agency of drugged liquor.
2003 S. Brown Free Gift Inside! 213 A shot rings out. A bloodcurdling scream shatters the earpiece. The line goes dead.
blood-desire n. (D. H. Lawrence's name for) desire of a purely physical or material kind, lacking any mental or spiritual dimension; an instance of this.
ΚΠ
1923 D. H. Lawrence Stud. Classic Amer. Lit. viii. 154 You can't idealize the essential brute bloodactivity, the brute blood desires, the basic, sardonic blood-knowledge.
1930 D. H. Lawrence A Propos Lady Chatterley's Lover 46 [In ‘poetic’ personal sex] the two blood-streams are brought into contact, in man and woman, just the same as in the urge of blood-passion and blood-desire. But whereas the contact in the urge of blood-desire is positive..in..personal desire the blood-contact becomes frictional and destructive.
blood diamond n. = conflict diamond n. at conflict n. Additions.
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1999 Press Release Foreign & Commonw. Office (Nexis: Hermes Database) 6 Oct. There are clean diamonds and blood diamonds. The world must ban the sale of blood diamonds.
2006 ‘J. Case’ Ghost Dancer xvii. 248 Though blood diamonds were no different from others, except in the violence of their provenance, they were sold at a discount to their counterparts from South Africa, Australia, and Siberia.
† blood disc n. Obsolete (more fully red blood disc) a red blood cell.
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the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > blood corpuscle or plate > [noun] > red cells or corpuscles
globule1674
red corpuscle1747
red blood disc1835
red cell1843
red blood corpuscle1844
pneumocyte1872
poikilocyte1886
haematid1888
normoblast1889
polychromatic normoblast1899
normocyte1900
spherocyte1908
polychrome1909
siderocyte1915
reticulocyte1922
proerythroblast1927
target cell1938
acanthocyte1952
sideroblast1954
the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > blood corpuscle or plate > [noun]
blood corpuscle1838
disc1839
blood cell1841
corpuscle1845
haematoblast1876
blood plate1882
plaquette1883
blood plaque1884
plaque1884
blood platelet1888
platelet1888
haemad1891
thrombocyte1893
blood disc1902
blast cell1947
1835 R. Owen in J. F. Palmer Wks. John Hunter III. 678 (note) The colourless fluid which circulates at this period..is not, however, composed entirely..of the serum and lymph, but contains many colourless globules, smaller than the red blood-discs of the mature bird.
1902 Lancet 1 Nov. 1172/1 It consists in the injection of repeated doses of the blood disks of the ox into the peritoneal cavity of the rabbit so as to render its blood more and more hæmolytic.
1921 Lancet 14 May 1048/2 And being regressive and senile they cannot do the work of normal blood-discs.
blood disease n. †(a) = sense 18 (obsolete); (b) any disease arising in or primarily affecting the blood or blood cells.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of cattle, horse, or sheep > [noun] > disorders of sheep or pigs
blood?1523
shaking1642
blood disease1811
1811 tr. A. H. Tessier Compl. Treat. Merinos 127 Is this a simple or a complex disorder? It is certain that it bears some symptoms and marks of the blood-disease, and others of the rot.
1843 R. B. Todd Pract. Remarks Gout 13 In what I would call the true blood-diseases, a morbid matter is generated by an abnormal chemical action in the blood itself.
1863 Edinb. Vet. Rev. & Ann. Compar. Pathol. 5 18 Sturdy, foot-rot, and red-water, or blood-disease in high-fed sheep, swell the mortality lists.
1902 Encycl. Brit. XXXI. 557/1 Anaemia is often used as a generic term for all blood diseases.
2000 Guardian 18 Jan. ii. 6/1 In late 1995 Clark was diagnosed with a rare blood disease, haemochromatosis.
blood donation n. the action or process of giving blood for transfusion; an instance of this; a quantity of blood given for this purpose.
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1903 Jrnl. Brit. Homœopathic Soc. 11 341 Still the so-called improvements revolved within the same narrow circle, that of actual transfusion, based on the same erroneous idea, that of supplying blood loss by blood donation.
1942 Sci. News Let. 14 Feb. 100/1 Women need a little longer time than men to rebuild their hemoglobin stores, so the intervals between blood donations should be a little longer for them.
1995 Daily Mail 2 Jan. 2/6 Those at risk had transfusions before September 1991, when all blood donations began to be screened for the virus.
2004 H. Kennedy Just Law (2005) xiii. 266 Rather like blood donation, the gift has a return benefit.
blood donor n. a person who gives blood for transfusion.
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the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > transfusion > [noun] > one who gives blood for transfusion
blood donor1872
donor1910
1872 Lancet 3 Aug. 148/2 While the operator is doing this an assistant should prepare the arm of the blood-donor as in ordinary bleeding.
1921 Lancet 26 Nov. 1123/1 In a recent number of the Guy's Hospital Gazette the editor protests against the too free use of students as blood-donors.
1958 Times 7 July xxi/4 The unselfish help of many thousands of voluntary blood donors.
2008 Esquire Mar. 210/2 Hence I find myself in the monastic calm of its London headquarters clutching a styptic pencil and a printout of available blood donors within the congestion charge zone.
blood doping n. Sport the (clandestine) use of medical techniques which increase the number of red cells in the blood and enhance its oxygen-carrying capacity, carried out to improve an athlete's stamina.Blood doping originally involved autotransfusion of an athlete's blood, and later the use of natural or synthetic erythropoietins.
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1971 Cedar Rapids (Iowa) Gaz. 15 Nov. 15/6 The newest gimmick in trying to produce super athletic performances is ‘blood doping’.
1994 New Scientist 12 Feb. 6/1 Athletes competing at this month's winter games in Lillehammer, Norway, will have their blood tested to check for ‘blood doping’, a technique in which athletes inject extra blood to boost their stamina.
2008 D. M. Rosen Dope iii. 55 The idea behind blood doping is simple, if an athlete has more red blood cells to carry oxygen to his or her muscles, the athlete will be able to perform for a longer period of time.
blood-drinker n. a person who or creature which drinks blood; (figurative) a bloodthirsty person.
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the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > bloodthirstiness > bloodthirsty person > [noun]
cannibal1563
Lestrigon1605
blood-drinker1630
fee-faw-fum1680
Lestrigoniana1887
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > bloodthirstiness > [noun] > bloodthirsty person
bloodhoundc1440
cannibal1563
blood-hunter1592
Lestrigon1605
fee-faw-fum1680
Lestrigoniana1887
blood-drinker1898
gorehound1920
the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > eating specific substances or food > [noun] > eating flesh or meat > eating raw meat > eater of raw meat > primitive
blood-drinker1899
1630 J. Makluire Buckler of Bodilie Health Contents Of Lochleaches Blood-suckers, and wicked men Blood-drinkers.
1898 G. Meredith Odes French Hist. 16 The blood-drinker's madness fast upon her.
1899 Daily News 28 June 8/4 The primitive ‘food group’ of hunters, who, like the beasts they killed, were ‘blood-drinkers’.
1996 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 30 Dec. 19 No-one except a blood-drinker wants to see carnage.
blood-drinking adj. that drinks blood; also figurative.
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the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > bloodthirstiness > [adjective]
bloodyeOE
bloodlyc1425
bloodthirsty1539
bloody-minded?1545
cannibal1555
blood-thirsting?1569
sanguinolent1577
blood-drinking1594
cannibalian1602
sword-minded1603
sanguisugous1615
sanguinary1623
sanguinarian1637
sanguinarious1654
sanguinous1663
sanguine1705
cannibalic?1795
cannibalish1796
cannibalistic1827
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > bloodthirstiness > [adjective]
bloodyeOE
bloodthirsty1539
bloody-minded?1545
cannibal1555
blood-thirsting?1569
bloodly1574
sanguinolent1577
blood-drinking1594
cannibalian1602
sword-minded1603
sanguisugous1615
sanguinary1623
sanguinarian1637
sanguinarious1654
sanguinous1663
sanguine1705
cannibalic?1795
cannibalish1796
cannibalistic1827
faggoty-minded1856
1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus ii. iii. 224 In this detested darke blood drinking pit. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) ii. iv. 108 My blood-drinking hate. View more context for this quotation
1777 Westm. Mag. Oct. 545 Her hopeless heart No longer can sustain Fell Poverty's blood-drinking dart, And Hunger's keener pain.
1808 R. A. D. To France in Poet. Reg. 170 Blood-drinking tyrants, or dust-licking slaves!
1999 BBC Gardeners' World Apr. 156/3 Spare a thought for the hapless seabirds of the Galapagos Islands who are the prey of blood-drinking finches.
blood drive n. originally U.S. a campaign to encourage blood donation; (also) an organized event at which people donate blood.
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1940 N.Y. Times 19 Sept. 13/3 (headline) Mayor backs blood drive.
1992 Dragon Mag. Feb. 67/3 Activities include panels, seminars, workshops and a blood drive on Feb. 16.
2007 M. W. Foley & D. R. Hoge Relig. & New Immigrants iv. 143 Volunteering for social services also accelerated immediately after the attacks, most notably for fundraising drives and blood drives for the victims.
blood dust n. tiny refractile particles present in blood (probably fragments of red blood cells).
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1896 Lancet 3 Oct. 986/2 Dr. Müller has named them ‘hæmokonia’ (blood dust).
1927 Trans. Royal Soc. Trop. Med. & Hygiene 21 115 Adherent to them are seen formed elements of the blood—especially blood platelets, more rarely leucocytes, as also the smaller particles, ‘blood dust’, invariably seen in such preparations.
2009 S. H. Orkin et al. Nathan & Oski's Hematol. Infancy & Childhood (ed. 7) xv. 742/1 ‘Blood dust’ shed from fragmenting erythrocytes with PS [= phosphatidylserine] exposed on the surface may activate the clotting cascade.
blood-eagle n. [after Old Icelandic blóð-ǫrn] a method of torture and execution described in Old Icelandic literature, in which the ribs are cut away from the spine and spread into the shape of wings.
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the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > [noun] > cutting up or dismemberment
lopping1641
blood-eagle1835
1835 W. E. Frye in tr. E. Tegnér Frithiof's Saga (Notes) 240 In the original, Bjorn says that he will avenge the death of Frithiof, should it occur, by cutting the ‘blood-eagle’..on the back of Ring.
1839 G. Stephens tr. E. Tegnér Frithiof's Saga xvi. 158 Blood-eagle lines on Thy foe shall be flowing.
1922 Cambr. Med. Hist. III. xiii. 329 Cutting the blood-eagle in the back of the fallen foe is well known from the vengeance for their father taken by the sons of Ragnarr Loðbrók.
1968 G. Jones Hist. Vikings iii. iii. 219 The same legends which put Ragnar in the snake-pit now let his sons carve the blood-eagle on Ella's back.
2003 D. Baraz Medieval Cruelty iii. 67 The representation of pagan Viking practices as more and more cruel in the central Middle Ages can be observed in relation to the blood-eagle method of sacrificial execution attributed to the Vikings.
blood eye n. a bloodshot eye.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > [noun] > bloodshot or bloodshot eye
bloodshot1552
blood-shotten1578
blood-shotting1578
hyposphagma1615
bloodshed1652
blood eye1658
blood-shottenness1659
1658 J. Rowland Topsell's Hist. Four-footed Beasts (rev. ed.) 695 An Eye-salve against the whitenesse and bloud-eyes [1608: bloud-shot-eyes].
1999 Scotsman (Nexis) 23 July 19 Medicines, his debut album for Chrysalis, sounds as though it were made in the harsh dawn of a hangover. It has the same grainy texture as dry eyelids scraping against blood eyes.
bloodfest n. [ < main sense + fest n.] originally U.S. (a) an occasion of extended or unrestrained violence and bloodshed; = blood feast n. 1; (b) a novel, film, etc., depicting violence and bloodshed, esp. unsparingly or graphically.
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the world > life > death > killing > slaughter > [noun] > instance of
slaughter1483
Sicilian Vespers1586
plot of the long knivesa1604
blood feast?1611
Parisian matins1614
Parisian massacre1657
bloodbath1814
Roman holiday1818
holocaust1833
bath of blood1882
pogrom1889
bloodfest1907
blood purge1959
1907 Bismarck (N. Dakota) Daily Tribune 11 Aug. 1/1 (heading) Men haste to the blood fest.
1938 N.Y. Times 23 Apr. 18/2 He [sc. the play's scene designer] has begun the current blood-fest with a vivid outdoor sketch of a library lion with the topless towers of Fifth Avenue in the background.
1982 Newsweek (Nexis) 6 Sept. 75 Director Steve Miner's blood fest is the antithesis of Kleiser's paean to unfettered sexuality.
2005 Morning Star (Nexis) 9 July This is the man who..devised the mendacious justification for the bloodfest in Iraq and the notion of ‘endless war’.
2008 Esquire Feb. 65/1 It is certainly the most psychologically alert bloodfest since The Silence Of The Lambs.
blood film n. a thin film of blood on a microscope slide; a blood smear (see smear n. 3b).
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the world > health and disease > healing > diagnosis or prognosis > tests > [noun] > materials tested
blood film1856
blood sample1873
blood1890
night-blood1894
smear1903
swab1903
phantom1922
cervical smear1944
1856 D. Blair Rep. Yellow Fever Epidemic vii. 36 in Brit. & Foreign Medico-chirurg. Rev. 17 So numerous were they [sc. corpuscles] that they much impeded the transmission of light, and for the better observing of them, the thinnest portion of the blood-film on the glass had to be selected.
1987 E. W. Burr Compan. Bird Med. xx. 122/2 Intense infections persist for 2–6 weeks, then reduce to as few as 1 to 2 parasites per blood film.
2009 Malaria Jrnl. (Electronic ed.) 8 218/1 Microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained blood films is widely relied upon for routine malaria diagnosis.
bloodfin n. any of several small, South American freshwater fishes of the genus Aphyocharax (family Characidae), which are silvery yellow with bright red fins, popular in tropical aquaria; more fully bloodfin tetra.
ΚΠ
1948 San Antonio (Texas) Light 29 June 6 c/4 Pool gold fish & accessories. Tropicals, neons, bloodfins, barbs.
1962 Trans. Amer. Microsc. Soc. 81 134 Various tropical fishes, e.g. Bloodfins (Aphyocharax rubripinnis),..and Zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio) as well as cold-water fish..were experimentally infected.
2003 D. Goodwin Pract. Aquarium Fish Handbk. 59 Three fish share the common name of bloodfin tetra, but when seen together they are clearly different.
blood-fine n. a fine paid as whole or part compensation for murder.
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society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > compensation > [noun] > for man's life
man-botea1000
bloodwitelOE
manworthlOE
wergilda1214
kinbootc1425
eric1587
were1607
blood-fine1818
blood money1826
1818 Edinb. Rev. Dec. 98 The relations of the slain had been compelled to content themselves with the diminished blood fine.
1851 F. Palgrave Hist. Normandy & Eng. I. 489 The Were or bloodfine for every Dane who had been killed.
1983 Hist. Jrnl. 26 308 The saga also describes the eric or blood-fine, paid by the sons of Turann for having slain Lugh's father.
1989 Arab Law Q. 4 348 The blood fine for feticide is reckoned by most jurists as one-twentieth of the ordinary diyya.
blood fluke n. = schistosome n.
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the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Platyhelminthes > [noun] > class Trematodes > order Digenea > suborder Prostomata > division Distomata > genus or member of Schistosoma
bilharzia1859
blood fluke1871
schistosome1905
schistosomulum1924
1871 T. C. Cobbold in Med. Times & Gaz. 28 Jan. 95/2 In regard to the possible introduction of the little blood-fluke (now commonly known under the generic title Bilharzia, which I first gave to it), a few words of explanation will naturally be looked for.
1948 L. E. H. Whitby Nurses' Handbk. Hygiene (ed. 8) v. 144 Bilharzia hæmatobium (Blood-fluke).—Bilharzia disease is common in Egypt, and is characterized by bleeding from the bladder.
2002 R. Porter Blood & Guts i. 5 Paddy-fields harbour parasites which enter the bloodstream of barefoot workers, including the blood fluke Schistosoma.
blood-freezer n. a book or film imagined as capable of freezing the blood of its audience; a terrifying book or film, a blood-curdler.
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1886 H. Baumann Londinismen 12/1 Blood-freezer..Schauerroman.
1938 Belton (Texas) Jrnl. 17 Feb. 4/1 ‘Tarzan's Revenge’, another blood-freezer taken from the pen of Edgar Rice Burroughs.
2001 Daily Star (Nexis) 16 Mar. 40 This Japanese blood-freezer starts off as a slow drama about a widower who holds a film audition to find himself a wife. But after he picks his ‘perfect’ girl, the terror builds.
blood frenzy n. (a) compulsion or mania to shed blood; (also) the action of shedding blood in a frenzied manner, or an instance of this.
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the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > compulsion neurosis > homicidal mania
blood frenzy1868
1868 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea IV. v. 171 It must not be inferred from such speech that he was under the power of that ‘blood frenzy’ of which we shall afterwards see an example.
1880 J. H. Burton Hist. Reign Queen Anne III. xv. 80 The blood-frenzy called in the East running amuck.
1914 Jrnl. Afr. Soc. 13 357 He was no more excited than I was... There was absolutely no blood frenzy about him.
2009 Daily Mail (Nexis) 10 Oct. The duo were sentenced to life for torturing and killing 21 people and attacking eight others in a two-month blood frenzy.
blood-friend n. (a) Scottish a blood relative (cf. friend n. 3); (b) (chiefly in translations, or representations of the language of non-native speakers) a close or trusted friend; a blood brother.
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1644 S. Rutherford Due Right of Presbyteries vii. 146 By this Text he is not to provide for his brethren, sisters, and blood-friends, because they are not of his owne as members of his house.
1884 R. H. Newell There was once Man xix. 340 You have played the knave with me, Pa Jenna—with me, your..blood-friend!
1914 J. S. Angus Gloss. Shetland Dial. Blüd, n. family relationship: ‘Dey'r blud friends.’
1990 E. Van Lustbader White Ninja iii. 515 But his blood-friend Tik Po Tak thought otherwise.
blood gas n. [after German Blutgas (1802 or earlier)] a gas present in the blood, esp. oxygen or carbon dioxide; (a determination of) the concentration of gases in the blood; frequently attributive.
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the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > [noun] > gas
blood gas1846
1846 Brit. & Foreign Med. Rev. 21 147 The blood, blood-gases, and nervous system in all its divisions occupy every page from the first to the last.
1908 Jrnl. Physiol. 37 12 (title) Differential Method in Blood-Gas Analysis.
1992 N.Y. Times Mag. 12 Apr. 18/4 Next came the frantic visits to the intensive-care unit, and the sad conversations with doctors about intubation and blood gases and resuscitation.
2005 Focus (Nexis) 22 Mar. 50 [The book] appears to be appropriate for guiding students through the nuances of blood gas.
blood gill n. [after German Blutkiemen (plural, 1889 or earlier)] Zoology (in some invertebrates) a diverticulum of the body wall containing a blood-filled space but few or no tracheae, through which gases or ions may pass to or from the surrounding medium; esp. such a structure in the aquatic larvae of certain insects (e.g. chironomid midges), originally supposed to be a respiratory organ but now thought to be concerned mainly with osmoregulation; usually in plural.
ΚΠ
1890 Jrnl. Microsc. Soc. 27 The relation between the development of the tracheal system and the ventral saccules shows that the latter have a respiratory function, and are to be regarded as blood-gills.
1958 J. E. Morton Molluscs ix. 176 The blood gills of cirratulid worms.
1999 Amer. Zoologist 39 592 Insects use air-filled tracheal systems, except for a few larval stages of aquatic species such as the dipteran Chironomous that contain haemoglobin in ‘blood gills’.
blood glucose n. (the concentration of) glucose present in the blood (frequently attributive).
ΚΠ
1887 Amer. Practitioner & News 22 Jan. 43/2 The considerable role filled in the production of heat and work by this blood glucose.
1925 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 17 Jan. 102/1 The effect of exercise is beneficial, rapidly lowering the blood glucose to a normal level.
1969 Jrnl. Pediatrics 74 855/1 During this period following the start of the diet, random blood glucose values were obtained during 2 successive 24 hour periods to obtain a blood glucose profile.
2005 Sunday Life (Sydney) 9 Jan. 10/2 The body also breaks down protein (from food or muscles) to produce blood glucose for the brain to function.
blood-gout n. a drop or stream of blood; cf. gout n.2
ΚΠ
1795 W. R. Spencer tr. G. A. Bürgher Leonora I. 27 See, where fresh blood-gouts mat the green.
1800 W. R. Spencer Beth-gêlert 2 Where'r his eyes he cast Fresh blood gouts shock'd his view.
1952 R. Campbell tr. C. Baudelaire Poems 45 Sabres bleak With crimson blood-gouts lit the air above.
2001 F. Lentricchia Lucchesi & Whale ii. 31 For your writing? As inspiration for the blood-gouts of time?
blood groove n. a groove cut in the head or shaft of an arrow or spear, to increase the amount of blood drawn by the weapon.
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society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > [noun] > groove
blood groove1873
1873 E. E. Frewer tr. G. Schweinfurth Heart of Afr. II. xiii. 27 All the lances, knives, and dagger-blades are distinguished by blood-grooves, which are not to be observed upon the corresponding weapons of either the Bongo or Dyoor.
1897 Geogr. Jrnl. 10 156 Arrowheads and spears, many of them curiously barbed and twisted, and some showing a knowledge of the value of the ‘blood-groove’.
1999 Intelligencer (Doylestown, Pa.) 29 Aug. d8/1 We didn't get to find out if our blood grooves really worked and didn't..die a slow and horrible death.
blood group n. any of various groups into which the blood of humans and certain other animals can be divided on the basis of specific, genetically determined antigens on red blood cells; esp. any of the groups of the ABO system.
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the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > [noun] > blood group
group1907
grouping1907
blood type1911
blood group1916
blood grouping1916
1916 W. V. Brem in Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 67 190/2 Isohemolysins cannot be used, therefore, in determining blood groups.
1935 J. S. Huxley & A. C. Haddon We Europeans iv. 127 We plot the distribution of the three blood-group genes on a map.
1968 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 114 1176/2 It can be seen in sibships which are segregating for ABO blood groups whether the index case with the ulcer is unduly often of group O.
2002 New Scientist 5 Oct. 45/3 People in blood group N have much more variable cholesterol levels than those who are M.
blood grouping n. the determination of the blood group of a person, animal, or sample of blood; (also) the result of this, the blood group itself (rare).
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the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > [noun] > blood group
group1907
grouping1907
blood type1911
blood group1916
blood grouping1916
the world > health and disease > healing > diagnosis or prognosis > examination > [noun] > blood grouping
blood grouping1916
blood typing1919
1916 W. V. Brem in Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 67 190/2 We have been able to modify the technic of blood grouping so that it can be done easily and accurately within a few moments' time.
1962 Lancet 15 Dec. 1279/2 In 16·6% of myoadenoma patients and 11·0% of the carcinoma patients the blood-grouping was not recorded.
1999 New Scientist 11 Sept. 72/1 (advt.) It is highly automated with..Sysmex CA 1000 and 6000 coagulometers and IBG blood grouping and antibody screening system.
blood horse n. chiefly U.S. a horse of good stock or breed; esp. a thoroughbred.
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the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by breed > [noun] > thoroughbred horse
blood horsec1615
thoroughbred1728
c1615 in Dr. Farmer Chetham MS (1873) I. 103 Combus of any thinge dares bouldly speake..like a blude horse that dares his necke to breake.
1775 Racing Cal. 3 349 He is allowed, by the best of judges, to be the strongest blood horse in England.
1794 Sporting Mag. 4 35/2 The various judicious crosses that have brought the breed of blood horses into such a state of unprecedented perfection.
1841 H. S. Foote Texas & Texans II. 383 They [sc. wild horses]..are..inferior to the American blood-horse in volume of muscle.
2004 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 29 Apr. 10/3 Lexington..is the capital of horse country—the home of the Thoroughbred, or ‘blood horse’ bred for the track.
bloodhot adj. (a) that is as hot as blood; being at or brought to blood temperature (literal and figurative); (b) characterized by bloodlust; bloodthirsty.With quot. 1866 cf. blood v. 3.
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the world > life > death > killing > [adjective] > eager to kill
sanguinolent1577
sanguineous1612
sanguisugous1615
sanguinary1623
sanguinarian1637
sanguinarious1654
sanguinous1663
sanguine1705
bloodhot1866
red-handed1879
red-hand1894
kill-crazy1942
shoot-to-kill1973
1637 S. Rutherford Let. in Joshua Redivivus (1664) 251 To keep the word of God's patience keepeth still the saints dry in the water, cold in the fire, & breathing & blood-hot in the grave.
1693 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. (Axtell ed.) §17 Gain Time to warm the Beer Blood-hot, which then he may drink safely.
1723 J. Smith Curiosities of Common Water 75 Milk and Whey, equal Parts, made blood hot.
1840 Gentleman's Mag. n.s. Aug. 174/1 Deep baying dogs when hottest scent is laid, That maddening on like bloodhot lava pour.
1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. xviii. 336 He would not allow his men to enter the city while they were bloodhot.
1996 O. W. Sacks Island of Colour-blind (1997) i. 45 Six o'clock in the morning, and though the air is blood-hot..the island is already alive with activity.
2000 Irish Times (Nexis) 7 Aug. 10 Duke popping out his head at a finestra to sob of thwarted love and insulted honour and bloodhot revenge.
Blood Indian n. a member of a North American Indian people belonging to the Blackfoot Confederacy; cf. Bloody Indian n. at bloody adj., n., and adv. Compounds 2a. [After Woods Cree miθκο-iθiniwak, lit. ‘blood people’. The self-designation of the Blood Band is Blackfoot kainaawa, kááínaawa, of uncertain origin.]
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1790 E. Umfreville Present State of Hudson's Bay 200 (heading) The Black-foot, Paegan, and Blood Indians.
1820 D. Haskel Harmon's Jrnl. Voy. & Trav. N. Amer. 313 I have been acquainted with fifteen different tribes of Indians, which are the..Black feet Indians, Blood Indians, Sursees [etc.].
1998 M. McCoy Journey to Northern Rockies ii. 146 Occasionally they did venture into the mountains of the future national park to hunt, as did Cree and Blood Indians from north of the border in Canada.
blood issue n. †(a) a discharge of blood (obsolete); (b) a descendant related to one by birth; = issue n. 5a.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > [noun] > progeny or offspring
bairn-teamc885
childeOE
tudderc897
seedOE
teamOE
wastum971
offspringOE
i-cundeOE
fostera1175
i-streonc1175
strainc1175
brooda1300
begetc1300
barm-teamc1315
issuea1325
progenyc1330
fruit of the loinsa1340
bowel1382
young onec1384
suita1387
engendrurea1400
fruitinga1400
geta1400
birth?a1425
porturec1425
progenityc1450
bodyfauntc1460
generation1477
fryc1480
enfantement1483
infantment1483
blood issue1535
propagation1536
offspring1548
race1549
family?1552
increase1552
breed1574
begetting1611
sperm1641
bed1832
fruitage1850
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Mark v. 25 There was a woman which has a bloudeyssue twelue yeares.
1598 F. Rous Thule ii. vi. sig. Q4 Receiue thou stone the issues of my woe, Of which blood-issue now my heart must die.
1935 Pacific Reporter 2nd Ser. 39 847/2 Harry L. Jones died without blood issue, but leaving an adopted daughter.
2002 W. J. Coughlin & W. Sorrells Proof of Intent (2003) 341 We already have testimony affirming that fact that Blair Dane, as her blood issue, would inherit the trust.
blood knot n. (originally) a multiple overhand knot of a kind formerly tied at the end of whips (or ropes used for whipping), to increase the pain of the blows inflicted; (now also) Fishing and Surgery a knot used to tie two ropes or lines together.In quot. 1791 in figurative context.
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society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > instrument or place of corporal punishment > [noun] > rope > knot in
blood knot1791
1791 Short Rev. Mr. Pitt's Admin. 47 No longer whipped by the blood-knots of poverty and want.
1863 London Rev. 24 Oct. 435/2 The novice proceeds by stages from tickling herself with a few strands of whipcord to goring her shoulders with hempen thongs full of blood knots.
1873 H. S. Thomas Rod in India xiii. 165 Tie a simple whip knot or common knot in it, such as is commonly tied at the end of a whip; a single knot, not a blood knot.
1901 ‘L. Malet’ Hist. Richard Calmady iii. viii. 233 Blood-knots in the whip-lash.
1935 E. Taverner & J. Moore Angler's Week-end Bk. 189 Under his critical eye, I joined the two lines with a blood knot. ‘I guessed you were a fisherman,’ he said.
1990 T. Griggs Quickening i. 15 One nurse there, her old man a sailor, used to tie him up in blood knots and monkey's fists, and Grampy still got out of them.
2005 K. M. Baumgarten & R. W. Wright Arthroscopic Knot Tying 72 The blood knot is a popular fishing knot that has been adapted to be used in laparoscopic surgery.
† blood-knowing n. Obsolete = blood-knowledge n.
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1915 D. H. Lawrence Let. 8 Dec. (1962) I. 394 When I take a woman, then the blood-percept is supreme, my blood-knowing is overwhelming.
† blood-knowledge n. Obsolete (D. H. Lawrence's name for) knowledge based on instinct rather than intellectual analysis.
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1915 D. H. Lawrence Let. 8 Dec. (1962) I. 394 Some tribes no doubt really were kangaroos; they contained the blood-knowledge of the kangaroo.
1923 D. H. Lawrence Stud. Classic Amer. Lit. vii. 123 Blood-knowledge, instinct, intuition, all the vast vital flux of knowing that goes on in the dark, antecedent to the mind.
blood libel n. (also with capital initials) the (unfounded) accusation that Jewish people use the blood of Christians in religious rituals, esp. in the preparation of Passover bread; an instance of this (cf. blood accusation n.); (also in extended use) an unfounded defamation.This idea was propagated throughout the Middle Ages and sporadically thereafter until the early 20th cent. [Perhaps after Russian krovavyj navět (1879 or earlier; now krovavyj navet); compare Yiddish blut-bilbl, post-biblical Hebrew and modern Hebrew 'alilat dam (both 19th cent. or earlier, although it is unclear when the Hebrew term started to be used in this technical sense), German Blutverleumdung (1859 or earlier), all lit. ‘blood libel’.]
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1911 Reform Advocate 19 Aug. 17/1 The Real Russians have decided to continue the agitation of the blood libel against the Jews.
1914 Amer. Jewish Year Bk. 210 Bishop of Minsk ceases to obtain his bread from a Jewish baker, owing to blood libels.
1935 C. Roth Ritual Murder Libel & Jew 24 A work in which the Blood Libel was repeated in grotesque detail.
1991 A. M. Dershowitz Chutzpah iv. 103 The blood libel was a clerical invention charging the Jews with murdering Christian children in order to use their blood for religious rituals.
2006 Sunday Express (Nexis) 8 Jan. (Features section) 49 Mossad insiders deemed this supposed change of heart a blood libel on the men who never for a moment doubted the rightness of what they did in the name of Israel.
bloodline n. a line of descent by birth or heredity; an individual forming part of this, a lineal antecedent or descendant; (later occasionally) a characteristic transmitted by heredity.
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society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > lineage or descent > [noun] > a line of descent
linec1386
descent?a1400
pedigree1440
series1599
Welsh pedigree1615
bloodline1658
family linea1694
stem-line1892
1658 S. Rutherford Surv. of Surv. Church-discipline iii. viii. 449 Were it grace and gracious dealing to cut off all his posterity..so as all the rest of the blood-line should be to him as damned Traitors?
1658 S. Rutherford Surv. of Surv. Church-discipline iii. viii. 448 The direct blood threed or blood-line from parent to childe.
1745 Antidote against Infectious Contagion of Popery & Tyranny 6 The People of Scotland..used to elect, not such always who were nearest in Blood-line, but frequently such as were judged most fit for Government.
1791 R. Coram Polit. Inq. iv. 82 The emperors were apprehensive, that if the people suspected an extinction of the blood line, that they would conclude, they were governed by men like themselves.
1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. Blood line, a particular transmissible character in an animal, or, analogically, in a plant.
1948 C. L. B. Hubbard Dogs in Brit. 31 He [sc. the breeder] will doubtless endeavour to improve or alter his blood-lines as the necessities arise.
2006 Eventing Feb. 29/2 Harley's bloodlines go back to the great show jumper Tropic Star.
bloodlust n. intense desire for bloodshed; bloodthirstiness.
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the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > bloodthirstiness > [noun]
bloodthirstiness?1568
bloodthirst1574
cannibalism1634
bloody-mindedness1638
sanguinolency1664
sanguinariness1689
acharnement1756
cannibality1796
bloodlust1848
sanguinolence1891
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > fierceness > bloodthirstiness > [noun]
bloodthirstiness?1568
bloodthirst1574
cannibalism1634
bloody-mindedness1638
sanguinolency1664
sanguinariness1689
acharnement1756
bloodlust1848
sanguinolence1891
1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold I. iii. ii. 175 Hear me, thou with the vulture's blood-lust.
1942 W. Lewis Let. 25 Oct. (1963) 338 He [sc. a soldier] would be disgusted and amazed to find us all foaming at the mouth, our eyes full of bloodlust.
2000 Disability Now May 26/3 That critical time in our history when bloodlust and vendetta give way to the social contract.
† blood lye n. [compare German Blutlaugensalz (1784 or earlier), post-classical Latin lixivium sanguinis (early 18th cent. or earlier)] Chemistry Obsolete (rare in later use) a crude solution of potassium ferrocyanide, prepared from dried blood calcined and treated with potash (cf. lye n.1 2); = yellow prussiate n. at yellow adj. and n. Compounds 2d(b).
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1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. App. 490 The first, and original compound of this sort, is that which is called the blood lye, being formed by the calcination of dried blood, with fixed alkalis.
1845 A. J. Cooley Cycl. Pract. Receipts 685/1 Precipitate the crude but clear solution of prussiate of potash (blood lye) by a mixed solution of 2 parts of alum, and 1 part of green sulphate of iron.
1928 Jrnl. Chem. Educ. 5 517 Diesbach..found that by calcining potash with dried blood and leaching the product with water he obtained a lye which would give a blue when added to solutions of iron salts. This lye was called ‘blood lye’.
blood mare n. a mare of good stock or breed, esp. a thoroughbred.
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1757 R. Heber Hist. List Horse-matches Run 161 These two are the only Colts that have been trained from any Blood Mares.
1794 Sporting Mag. 4 31/1 He [sc. a race-horse] is now a stallion..at 3 gs a mare, and 5s. the groom, blood mares.
1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller I. 228 A politely spoken highwayman on a blood mare.
1999 K. Duey San Francisco Earthquake 1906 15 Joseph watched his father, sure that the blood mare and her foal weren't the reason he had ridden closer to talk.
blood meal n. [with sense (a) compare German Blutmehl (1855 or earlier)] (a) a preparation containing dried blood, used esp. as an animal feed or fertilizer; (b) a meal of blood consumed by a mosquito or other blood-feeding organism.
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the world > food and drink > food > animal food > [noun] > fodder > additives
spice1707
blood meal1868
1868 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 22 May 491/1 This blood meal..being nearly as valuable as the beef itself, would pay its own expense of carriage.
1903 P. Manson Trop. Dis. (rev. ed.) i. xii. 195 The same insects rarely failed to infect when set to bite non-immunes at any time subsequent to the twelfth day after their yellow fever blood meal.
1956 J. Gillespie & P. Hathaway Textbk. Gen. Agric. xvii. 225 Blood-meal, another residue from the slaughterhouse, is a favourite ingredient of rations for pigs and poultry.
1995 Org. Gardening Jan. 70/1 So line your planting furrow with rotted manure, dust the bed with blood meal, or drench the trench with guano tea!
2010 N.Y. Mag. 10 May 40/1 They [sc. bedbugs] prefer to dine at night, sometimes dropping onto their victims from the ceiling..before having their five- or ten-minute ‘blood meal’.
bloodmobile n. [ < blood n. + -mobile suffix] North American a vehicle equipped to serve as a mobile blood donation centre; also attributive.
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society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > motor lorry, truck, or van > [noun] > vehicle to collect blood from donors
bloodmobile1942
1942 Newark (Ohio) Advocate 31 Oct. 5/4 Requests..were received through the Red Cross by the army and navy for two and a half million pints of blood for use in transfusions. The Hetuck chapter has paid its quota toward a ‘blood-mobile’ for that project.
1945 Jrnl. Proc. Wisconsin State Grange 76 They also donated one day to canteen work when the Bloodmobile unit was in Marinette.
1967 Jet 24 Aug. 52 Mrs. Patterson..is currently active in recruiting donors for the Red Cross Bloodmobile as well as being connected with other civic groups.
1974 Rotarian July 39/2 A truck for use in county bloodmobile drives.
1996 Beverly Press 4 July 18 We really want to encourage people to donate blood at one of our donor centers or at a community bloodmobile site on Friday.
blood moon n. a full moon appearing with a noticeable red tinge, esp. in a total lunar eclipse.In an eclipse, the effect is caused by sunlight refracted and filtered by the earth’s atmosphere.
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1871 B. L. Farjeon Joshua Marvel I. v. 92 Blood-moons, and such a wealth of stars in the heavens, and such feather-fringed azure clouds as made the heart beat to think of them.
1908 W. C. Blakeman Black Hand 15 On the evening of the fete a fiery meteor swept the heavens from the pillars of Hercules to the Winter Palace and a great blood-moon stood over Paris.
1975 J. McCourt Mawrdew Czgowchwz (2002) vii. 196 The flamenco dancers practically caved the bandstand in, stomping berserk under a ‘blood moon’.
2014 Herald-Times (Bloomington, Indiana) 9 Oct. a4 (caption) The red hue results from sunlight scattering off Earth's atmosphere, in what is known as a ‘blood moon’.
blood packing n. Sport the use of blood transfusions to improve an athlete's stamina; cf. blood doping n.
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1976 El Paso (Texas) Herald-Post 2 Aug. d1/1 Bill Flemming, another ABC announcer, gave an interesting account of blood packing.
1984 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 15 Feb. b11/4 The terms blood-packing or blood-doping refer to a medical technique in which blood is removed from an athlete, frozen and later reinjected into the athlete.
2003 Outside Nov. 62/2 When EPO emerged in the late eighties, blood packing became passé.
blood pheasant n. a small Asian pheasant, Ithaginis cruentus, found chiefly in mountain forests, the male of which has variable amounts of red in the plumage.
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the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > [noun] > ithaginus cruentus (blood pheasant)
sanguine partridge1840
blood pheasant1864
1864 T. C. Jerdon Birds India III. 522 Ithaginis cruentus..the Green Blood-Pheasant.
1964 E. P. Gee Wild Life India xiv. 117 All along that magnificent country in Sikkim, Bhutan and N.E.F.A... Marvellous birds, including horned, monal and blood pheasants, live up there.
2003 Auk 120 920/2 The male Blood Pheasant (Ithaginis cruentus) is shown in green-winged, drab green-winged, crimson, and red-winged races.
blood picture n. †(a) a pattern formed by the evaporation of blood on a microscopic slide (supposedly characteristic of a species) (obsolete); (b) the condition of the blood as determined by laboratory tests.
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the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > [noun] > condition of
blood picture1870
the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > apparatus > [noun] > plate or slide > network formed by adhesion of red corpuscles
blood picture1870
1870 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 6 Aug. 147/2 (heading) Blood-pictures.
1891 Amer. Practitioner & News 12 77/1 The blood picture in this condition is typical. There is an increase of the white elements that may overtake the red in number.
1993 Racing Post 8 Aug. 4/1 He was subsequently denied a run in the Whitbread Gold Cup because of a slightly below par blood picture.
blood plaque n. now historical = platelet n. 2.
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the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > blood corpuscle or plate > [noun]
blood corpuscle1838
disc1839
blood cell1841
corpuscle1845
haematoblast1876
blood plate1882
plaquette1883
blood plaque1884
plaque1884
blood platelet1888
platelet1888
haemad1891
thrombocyte1893
blood disc1902
blast cell1947
1884 Ann. Hygiene 1 377/1 Whether or not the ultimate fibrinous character of the exudate in the lungs is due to the blood-plaques, or is a result of the oxidation of the albumen.
1904 Lancet 8 Oct. 1013/1 We can still only guess at the functions of the eosinophiles, basophiles, mast cells, and blood plaques.
1975 Jrnl. Surg. Res. 19 133/1 Osler introduced the ‘blood plaque’, and emphasized the importance of platelets in hemostasis in the human.
blood plasma n. [after German Blutplasma ( C. H. Schultz System der Circulation (1836) 17)] = plasma n. 3a.
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the world > life > the body > secretory organs > secretion > plasma > [noun]
blood plasma1836
plasma1836
plasm1876
1836 Amer. Jrnl. Med. Sci. 18 446 (note) In order to avoid confounding the plastic portion of the living blood with the solid products formed by coagulation, Dr. Schultz has proposed the introduction of the term blood plasma to represent the first.
1945 Daily Tel. 3 July Administering penicillin and blood plasma.
2004 Healthy Sept. 47/3 The blood plasma contains countless different chemical compounds, some of which can be used as markers of health.
blood plate n. (a) = platelet n. 2 (now rare); (b) Microbiology a Petri dish containing blood agar.
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the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > blood corpuscle or plate > [noun]
blood corpuscle1838
disc1839
blood cell1841
corpuscle1845
haematoblast1876
blood plate1882
plaquette1883
blood plaque1884
plaque1884
blood platelet1888
platelet1888
haemad1891
thrombocyte1893
blood disc1902
blast cell1947
1882 Med. News 12 Aug. 179/2 In the blood of tritons and salamanders, in addition to the white and the red corpuscles, exists a special morphological element, which, if not identical with, is at least analogous to, the blood plates (placche di sangue) of Bizzozero.
1901 Cincinnati Lancet-Clinic 16 Nov. 554/1 On the last ingredient depends the vitality of the blood plates.
1906 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 22 Dec. 1793/2 The origin and nature of the blood plates is still unknown.
1953 R. W. Fairbrother Text-bk. Bacteriol. (ed. 7) xxii. 277 When grown on a blood-plate with a Staphylococcus the colonies of H. influenza..are usually larger than the discrete influenzal colonies.
2004 W. Rymowicz in C. V. Stevens & R. Verhé Renewable Bioresources iv. 92 Blood is an internal medium of the organism consisting of intercellular plasma and cellular elements: erythrocytes (red cells), leukocytes (white cells), and thrombocytes (blood plates).
blood platelet n. = platelet n. 2.
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the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > blood corpuscle or plate > [noun]
blood corpuscle1838
disc1839
blood cell1841
corpuscle1845
haematoblast1876
blood plate1882
plaquette1883
blood plaque1884
plaque1884
blood platelet1888
platelet1888
haemad1891
thrombocyte1893
blood disc1902
blast cell1947
1888 M. Foster Text Bk. Physiol. (ed. 5) i. i. 48 For various reasons blood platelets have been supposed to play an important part in the clotting of blood.
1949 H. W. C. Vines Green's Man. Pathol. (ed. 17) xxii. 569 The blood-platelets may be very much increased.
2005 Time 3 Oct. 51/3 Their bodies eliminated their blood platelets and one died of intracerebral bleeding as a result.
blood poisoning n. the presence of infective or toxic material in the blood; septicaemia or toxaemia.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of blood > [noun] > blood poisoning
defoedation1583
blood poisoning1844
septicaemia1844
pyaemia1850
septaemia1851
toxaemia1860
ichorrhaemia1867
sapraemia1879
autotoxaemia1890
stercoraemia1890
toxanaemia1891
nosotoxicosis1892
toxinaemia1900
azotaemia1961
1844 Provinc. Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 17 Apr. 37/1 Whatever may be the local lesions, the blood-poisoning is the essential part of the disease.
1863 Illustr. Times 17 Oct. 243 The alleged cases of ‘blood-poisoning’ in Bethnal Green.
1926 Times 8 Apr. 9/6 A butcher's assistant..died from blood poisoning, due to scratching his finger while skinning a rabbit.
2002 J. Mercurio Bodies (2003) 19 He's developed blood poisoning and a severe complication called disseminated intravascular coagulation.
blood pressure n. the pressure exerted by blood on the walls of blood vessels, esp. the systemic arteries; (colloquial) abnormally high (or, rarely, abnormally low) pressure of this kind (cf. hypertension n. 1a, hypotension n. 1).
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the world > life > the body > vascular system > circulation > [noun] > pressure or volume of blood
blood pressure1846
pulse pressure1892
Gaertner's phenomenon1910
hypervolaemia1925
normovolaemia1925
1846 Lancet 21 Mar. 331/2 The hydrostatic blood pressure of the pulmonary artery must amount to half the hydrostatic pressure of the aorta.
1874 A. B. Garrod & E. B. Baxter Essentials Materia Medica (ed. 4) 123 Small doses raise the blood-pressure.
1919 P. G. Wodehouse Damsel in Distress iv. 56 His blood pressure at a far higher figure than his doctor would have approved of.
1930 Psychol. Bull. 27 111 Man is the only animal who both laughs and suffers from blood pressure.
2009 Daily Tel. 19 Oct. 10/1 Among the factors that put people at risk of pre-diabetes are a family member with type-2 diabetes, being overweight and having high blood pressure.
blood pride n. (a) pride in one's lineage, nationality or race; cf. sense 7a; (b) (D. H. Lawrence's name for) pride in one's own individual essence or physical being.
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1785 R. Geoghegan Thoughts Patricius 290 Venture not then little children, at any future time, to mount on the shadowy stilts of blood-pride.
1852 Fraser's Mag. 155/1 There is a touch of blood pride in us, which is aggravated rather than depressed by the state of our exchequer, especially in this part of the country.
1923 D. H. Lawrence Kangaroo xvii. 367 The God that gives a man..the brave, silent blood-pride, knowing his own separateness, and the sword-strength of his derivation from the dark God.
1932 W. Faulkner Light in August i. 4 The bleak heritage of his bloodpride had been sweated out of him.
1999 Cox News Service (Nexis) 18 Nov. Race, for Gates, is more a question of historical and cultural heritage than blood pride.
blood product n. a substance derived from blood; a component of blood, (in later use) spec. one used for transfusion.
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1851 Lancet 11 Jan. 46/1 The ‘nervous fluid’, or ‘energy’, or ‘force’, as it was variously designated by physiologists, we had every reason to believe to be a blood-product.
1946 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 21 Sept. 423/1 In one instance the suspected blood product was measles convalescent serum.
2004 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 17 Oct. i. 26/2 Contamination of blood products by the AIDS virus and other incidents led to criticism of the agency's inspections of so-called biologic products.
blood pudding = black pudding n.; also in extended use.
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the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > sausage > [noun] > types of sausage
franchemyle1381
herbelade?c1390
haggisc1400
black puddinga1450
blood puddingc1450
bloodinga1500
liveringa1500
haggis pudding1545
white pudding1578
swine's pudding1579
hog's pudding1583
Bolognian sausage1596
bloodling1598
andouille1605
andouillet1611
cervelat1613
mortadella1613
polony1654
blacking1674
hacking1674
whiting1674
Oxford sausagec1700
saucisson1772
German sausage1773
saveloy1784
blood sausage1799
white hawse1819
liver sausage1820
black pot1825
chipolata1830
Bologna sausage1833
butifarra1836
mettwurst1836
Cambridge sausage1840
boudin1845
chorizo1846
German1847
liverwurst1852
salami1852
station-Jack1853
leberwurst1855
wurst1855
blutwurst1856
bag of mystery1864
Vienna sausage1865
summer sausage1874
wienerwurst1875
mealy pudding1880
whitepot1880
wiener1880
erbswurst1885
pepperoni1888
mystery bag1889
red-hot1890
weenie1891
hot dog1892
frankfurter1894
sav?1894
Coney Island1895
coney1902
garlic sausage1905
boloney1907
kishke1907
drisheen1910
bratwurst1911
banger1919
cocktail sausage1927
boerewors1930
soy sausage1933
thuringer1933
frank1936
fish sausage1937
knackwurst1939
foot-long1941
starver1941
soya sausage1943
soysage1943
soya link1944
brat1949
Vienna1952
kielbasa1953
Coney dog1954
tube steak1963
Weisswurst1963
Cumberland sausage1966
merguez1966
tripe sausage1966
schinkenwurst1967
boerie1981
'nduja1996
c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 1609 Sanguinacium, a blodpuddynge.
1664 S. Blake Compl. Gardeners Pract. 93 This Herb is very good in broth, and bloud puddings of all sorts.
1740 S. Richardson Pamela I. xxviii. 94 I hope to make my Hands as red as a Blood-pudden.
1802 Commerc. Advertiser 13 Dec. 2 (advt.) An Appendix, containing receipts for making Pumpkin-Pie, Dough Nuts, Sausages, Blood Puddings.
1916 D. H. Lawrence Lett. (1962) I. 492 We have read the ‘Cavalleria Rusticana’: a veritable blood-pudding of passion!
1991 Business Traveller Jan. 43/2 There's a splendid stew of veal, blood pudding, chicken, ground pork, eggs and vegetables.., a real peasant dish.
blood pump n. a structure or artificial device that pumps blood.In quot. 1898: the heart.
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the world > life > the body > vascular system > heart > [noun]
hearteOE
panter1673
throbber1828
blood pump1898
ticker1930
the world > health and disease > healing > diagnosis or prognosis > specific measuring or recording > [noun] > specific measuring or recording instruments > for constitution of blood
haemometer1872
globulimeter1878
haematocrit1894
coagulometer1900
blood pump1902
oximeter1942
aggregometer1967
1844 Simmonds's Colonial Mag. 2 189 At sunset the unseen midge commences operations, and the more musical mosquito begins to sing and perforate the skin with his blood-pump.
1898 Daily News 15 Nov. 8/4 Ryan [sc. a boxer] kept to work at his little target over the blood-pump.
1902 Encycl. Brit. XXX. 379/1 For the purpose of his researches on the gases in the blood, he [sc. C. F. W. Ludwig] designed the mercurial blood-pump.
2007 Smithsonian Feb. 36/1 It's a miniature rotary blood pump that we call an intraventricular artificial heart, which means it's a small booster pump that goes inside the natural heart.
blood purge n. (a) a treatment which purifies the blood; also figurative. (b) the elimination through killing of a person or group of people; a targeted campaign of murder.
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the world > life > death > killing > slaughter > [noun] > instance of
slaughter1483
Sicilian Vespers1586
plot of the long knivesa1604
blood feast?1611
Parisian matins1614
Parisian massacre1657
bloodbath1814
Roman holiday1818
holocaust1833
bath of blood1882
pogrom1889
bloodfest1907
blood purge1959
1909 W. A. Goodspeed & D. D. Healy Hist. Cook County I. 720 His fame was, however, largely attributed to an herb-remedy which he prepared as a ‘blood purge’ for the sick.
1935 Mind 44 438 This blood-purge in philosophy must rest..with the logical positivists.
1959 Encounter July 78/1 The murderous days of the blood-purges.
2003 Sunday Tel. (Nexis) 23 Mar. 25 The thousands of people who have lost relatives in Saddam's blood-purges have a score to settle with the officials who did the dirty work.
blood quantum n. the proportion of a person's ancestors who have been identified as members of a particular North American Indian people, typically expressed as a fraction.The use of an individual's blood quantum to determine eligibility for tribal membership was originally introduced by the U.S. government; some tribal nations subsequently established their own blood quantum criteria to determine eligibility for enrolment.
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1919 R. B. Orr 31st Ann. Archæol. Rep. (Legislative Assembly Ontario) 52 There are few Iroquois families, indeed, who can justly claim freedom from some trace of white blood. This has resulted in the change of blood quantum from full Iroquois..to rather less than the three-quarters Indian and one-quarter white.
1967 Daily Plainsman (Huron, S. Dakota) 15 Oct. 6/5 The blood quantum test is not pertinent in whether or not a grazing land permit shall be granted at this time.
1989 C. M. Snipp Amer. Indians (1991) ii. 34 A large number of tribal governments use blood quantum criteria ranging from 1/16 to 1/2 for determining tribal membership.
2018 @storiesbybri 19 Apr. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) I shouldn't have to tell someone my blood quantum to prove my ancestry.
blood rain n. rain that is reddish in colour, esp. because of suspended dust or (less commonly) green algae containing red carotenoid pigments; (formerly also) †such an alga itself (obsolete); cf. bloody rain n. at bloody adj., n., and adv. Compounds 2a.
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the world > plants > particular plants > algae > [noun] > blood-rain
bloody rain1587
blood rain1612
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > rain > [noun] > with suspended particles or pollution
red rain?1660
yellow rain1755
blood rain1772
acid rain1845
sulphur rain1882
1612 J. Speed Theatre of Empire of Great Brit. 1st Index Bloud-raine.
1772 M. de la Roche Mem. Lit. (ed. 2) IV. 151 The Author..ascribes a Blood Rain to an extraordinary Quantity of Vapours arising from Mines of natural Cinoper, or Vermillion.
1853 Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 12 409 This learned cryptogamist considers the Blood Rain to be an Algoid, and has described it as Palmella prodigiosa.
1917 Monthly Weather Rev. (U.S.) 45 218/2 Some blood rains have been found to be the meconial fluid ejected by large numbers of certain lepidoptera simultaneously emerging from their chrysalids.
2004 Daily Tel. 20 Aug. 9/6 Reddish brown Saharan dust—known as ‘blood rain’—arrives in Britain and coats cars every year around March.
blood-raw adj. (of meat) so lightly cooked that the blood remains red and liquid.
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the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > [adjective] > cooked (of specific food) > meat
rawish1577
blood-raw1590
well-done1681
underdone1683
green1725
rare-done1746
rare1776
blue1867
medium1901
pink1947
1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 1st Pt. sig. D7 I could Willingly feed vpon thy blood-raw hart.
a1627 T. Middleton Mayor of Quinborough (1661) v. i. 61 Give charge the mutton come in all bloud-raw.
1764 P. Francis Let. 28 June in Francis Lett. (1901) I. 65 First four monstrous Mackerel, hard-roed and blood Raw.
1842 North of Eng. Mag. Aug. 400 I could hardly find an appetite for the lukewarm, greasy flaps of blood-raw meat from a cook-shop.
1995 Chattanooga (Tennessee) Times (Nexis) 22 Apr. a1 ‘When we were first married, she made hamburger, and it was pitiful,’ he said, describing a seared patty with blood-raw meat inside.
blood result n. the result of a blood test.
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1910 Med. Rec. 15 Oct. 668/2 A positive blood result gives the usual assurance that the woman has active syphilis.
1979 Washington Post (Nexis) 2 Sept. a14 Mike ran to the lab to check morning blood results on his current patients.
2002 J. Mercurio Bodies (2003) 187 I travel to the neighbouring ward to chase up a blood result.
blood-ripe adj. (of fruit) that is so ripe that the juice has become blood-coloured.
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the world > plants > by age or cycles > [adjective] > ripe or ripened
ripedOE
ripeOE
mature?1440
cherry-ripec1450
coct1497
thorough ripe1534
well-ripened1559
ripened1561
mellowy1612
summer-ripea1670
augusted1675
drop-ripe1829
blood-ripe1846
enripened1855
1846 Colonial Mag. 9 20 The fruit should be gathered in when in a blood-ripe state, to all appearance like cherries.
1871 M. Collins Marquis & Merchant III. xi. 249 An aged mulberry-tree..overladen with blood-ripe fruit.
1994 Denver Post (Nexis) 19 Mar. e1 Slice after slice of dewy ham, blood-ripe tomatoes..and Bermuda onion burst from a fat, crusty-brown loaf.
† blood-ripeness n. Obsolete the quality of being blood-ripe.
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the world > plants > by age or cycles > [noun] > state of being or becoming ripe or mature
ripingeOE
ripenessOE
ripeOE
maturity?1440
ripening1561
maturation1621
superbience1672
coction1693
overripeness1806
blood-ripeness1826
1826 E. Irving Babylon II. 325 The vine of the earth, which hath brought her grapes to blood-ripeness.
† blood-run adj. Obsolete marked with blood; esp. bloodshot.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > [adjective] > bloodshot
bloodshota1450
blood-shottenc1450
shottenc1460
sanguinous1490
bloodshed1583
sanguined1700
blood-run1703
blood-discoloured1871
1703 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion II. vii. 342 When the Eyes of the mind, no more blood-run with passion, did discern things right.
1724 A. Ramsay Health 118 With skinny cheek, pale lips, and blood-run eyes.
1827 D. Douglas Jrnl. 6 Apr. (1914) 245 My feet very painful, blistered, and blood-run, having walked eleven days.
blood sausage n. (a) black pudding.
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the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > sausage > [noun] > types of sausage
franchemyle1381
herbelade?c1390
haggisc1400
black puddinga1450
blood puddingc1450
bloodinga1500
liveringa1500
haggis pudding1545
white pudding1578
swine's pudding1579
hog's pudding1583
Bolognian sausage1596
bloodling1598
andouille1605
andouillet1611
cervelat1613
mortadella1613
polony1654
blacking1674
hacking1674
whiting1674
Oxford sausagec1700
saucisson1772
German sausage1773
saveloy1784
blood sausage1799
white hawse1819
liver sausage1820
black pot1825
chipolata1830
Bologna sausage1833
butifarra1836
mettwurst1836
Cambridge sausage1840
boudin1845
chorizo1846
German1847
liverwurst1852
salami1852
station-Jack1853
leberwurst1855
wurst1855
blutwurst1856
bag of mystery1864
Vienna sausage1865
summer sausage1874
wienerwurst1875
mealy pudding1880
whitepot1880
wiener1880
erbswurst1885
pepperoni1888
mystery bag1889
red-hot1890
weenie1891
hot dog1892
frankfurter1894
sav?1894
Coney Island1895
coney1902
garlic sausage1905
boloney1907
kishke1907
drisheen1910
bratwurst1911
banger1919
cocktail sausage1927
boerewors1930
soy sausage1933
thuringer1933
frank1936
fish sausage1937
knackwurst1939
foot-long1941
starver1941
soya sausage1943
soysage1943
soya link1944
brat1949
Vienna1952
kielbasa1953
Coney dog1954
tube steak1963
Weisswurst1963
Cumberland sausage1966
merguez1966
tripe sausage1966
schinkenwurst1967
boerie1981
'nduja1996
1799 A. F. M. Willich Lect. Diet & Regimen v. 301 Blood Sausages, usually called Black Puddings, consisting of bacon and coagulated blood, which is totally indigestible.
1868 W. James Let. 4 Mar. (1920) I. 136 The sausages (liver sausages, blood sausages, and more).
1965 House & Garden Jan. 60 Some blood sausages are cooked and cured and ready to eat; others must be grilled.
2000 A. Sayle Barcelona Plates 10 He got in the Fiat and went 200 kilometres to Jerez, stopping only for some fuel and a plate of blood sausage.
blood selling adj. and n. †(a) adj. that betrays or informs against a person for gain; cf. sell v. 2a (obsolete); (b) n. the action or practice of selling blood.
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1789 Oracle 12 Sept. 3/3 The first of those blood-selling thieves, the Justices' runners, that I meet with, I will cut his liver and lights out.
1836 T. Gaspey Self-condemned xx. 121 Thy blood-selling prototype, Judas.
1882 W. Marshall Strange Chapman II. xxi. 289 Thah blood-selling coward!
1915 Fort Wayne (Indiana) News 8 Jan. 16/2 (heading) Blood selling profession.
1994 Virginia Law Rev. 80 1473 Another objection to allowing blood selling is that the quality of the blood supply would be reduced due to the type of people likely to sell their blood.
2010 M. Womack Anthropol. of Health & Healing i. 28 The Chinese government outlawed blood selling in 1998.
blood serum n. = serum n. a.
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the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > [noun] > serum
whey1578
serosity1601
ichor1638
serum1672
albumen1683
blood serum1834
1834 Edinb. Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 41 493 [The worms]..also seemed to respire equally well in the blood serum as in water.
1891 Physician & Surgeon 13 575 Blood-serum taken from animals that had been rendered immune to tetanus and diphtheria was capable of curing other animals suffering from those diseases.
1948 L. E. H. Whitby Nurses' Handbk. Hygiene (ed. 8) iv. 87 The blood serum of such animals contains the protective substances which are available to combat the given disease.
2007 Metro (Toronto) 23 July 15/1 Several recent studies have found high levels of a variety of chemicals in human blood serum, urine, and breast milk.
† blood-shrunk adj. Obsolete having the blood or vital principle dried up; withered.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > worse > [adjective] > declining or deteriorating > in character or quality
infecta1387
palledc1390
rustyc1390
degeneratea1513
withered1561
bastardlike1577
degenerated1581
degenerous1600
bastardized1611
degenerating1611
wormy1611
autumnal1616
blood-shrunk1634
degenered1637
reduced1689
lowered1730
eviscerated1858
labefact1874
disbloomed-
1634 J. Ford Chron. Hist. Perkin Warbeck i. sig. Bv Lending to this bloud-shrunck Common-wealth A new soule.
blood sinus n. Zoology and Anatomy = sinus n. 3a.
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the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > [noun]
eddreOE
arm-eddrec1230
veina1325
pipec1385
weasand1398
venaa1400
conceptacle1576
vene1606
line1611
blood vessel1655
sinus1673
sanguiduct1681
blood sinus1857
1857 Proc. Royal Soc. 8 470 He has been unable to detect the nervous centres in Lingula, and he is inclined to regard the cords, described as nerves in that genus by Prof. Owen, as blood-sinuses.
1915 Jrnl. Exper. Med. 22 428 [The placenta] offers for examination an intricate capillary or blood sinus system that closely approximates such vascular systems as the spleen, bone marrow, and liver.
1995 C. Nielsen Animal Evol. ix. 67 There may be smaller or larger blood sinuses or lacunae in addition to a heart and a few larger vessels, such as in molluscs.
blood-spilling n. the action of spilling or shedding blood; an instance of this.
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?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) ii. 4578 Þis lond salle be ȝours..withouten mo stours or blode spillyng of men [Fr. Saunz plus de saunk espandre ke n'est ore espaundu].
1662 W. Dugdale Hist. Imbanking & Drayning Fens xlvi. 264 Punishment for bloud-spilling, and amerciaments for Hue and Crye there levyed.
1848 Southern Literary Messenger 14 317 As for the blood-spilling,..a fine young man will do such things, when a blackguard..will take a beating and sue for damages.
2009 Independent (Nexis) 6 June (Sport section) 2 Blood-spilling and limb-tearing.
blood-spitting n. the coughing up or spitting out of blood; an instance of this.
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1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 63v It [sc. wallwort] helpeth and putteth away bloud spitting.
1600 W. Vaughan Nat. & Artific. Direct. Health ii. iv. 20 New henne egges poched doe ingender good bloud, extend the winde pipes, and stoppe bloud spitting.
1767 tr. D. Cranz Hist. Greenland I. iii. vi. 235 These diseases are consumptions, blood-spitting,..diarrhœa, and bloody flux.
1829 Bristol Mercury 24 Nov. 2/4 I was afflicted..with..a harsh Cough, mingled with inflammatory Blood Spittings.
1927 G. Moore Celibate Lives 50 There was blood-spitting with Priscilla's cough.
2009 F. McLynn Marcus Aurelius v. 101 There are constant laments about pains in his stomach and chest, about blood-spitting, vertigo,..and other chronic ailments.
blood spoor n. a track or trail of blood; cf. spoor n.1 1a.
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1835 T. H. Bowker Jrnl. 6 Feb. in I. Mitford-Barberton Cmdt. Holden Bowker (1970) 104 Five traces seen in the morning. No blood spoors this time.
1863 W. C. Baldwin Afr. Hunting v. 129 The blood-spoor of one of the wounded koodoos.
1990 Outdoor Life Jan. 97/1 The blood spoor led down to the bottom of the dry riverbed.
blood sport n. (usually in plural) a sport involving the hunting, wounding, or killing of animals; also figurative.
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the world > food and drink > hunting > [noun]
huntethc900
huntingc1000
sleatinga1122
purchasec1325
veneryc1330
venation1386
venison1390
the chase?a1400
chasing?a1400
waithc1400
huntc1405
vanchasea1425
enchase1486
vaunt-chase1575
field sport1580
shikara1613
huntsmanshipa1631
cynegetics1646
sport of kings1735
game hunting1823
blood sport1893
1893 Echo 6 Apr. 1/5 Some men are rich enough to buy vast tracts of country for no other purpose than their personal amusement—and such amusement! being nothing nobler or more rational than the ‘blood sports’ which The Echo is holding up to public contempt.
1895 Humanity Oct. 58 If a poll could be taken, we believe that blood sports would be condemned by a larger number of persons than could be mustered on any other humanitarian issue.
1966 D. Sutherland Against Wind ii. xii. 185 The lunatic fringe of the anti-blood-sport brigade who, in the same breath, condemn shooting and fishing with fox-hunting and stag-hunting as cruel sports.
1991 Hist. Today Oct. 46/2 The Soviet intellectual bloodsport of hunting down ‘bourgeois falsifiers’ has been abolished.
2002 Independent 26 Sept. 19/8 Bloodsports such as fox hunting are nowadays ‘field sports’ or even more absurdly ‘a way of life’.
blood-stick n. now rare a short, heavy stick used to drive a fleam into a horse's vein.
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the world > health and disease > healing > veterinary medicine and surgery > [noun] > veterinary equipment > bloodletting instruments > striker for
blood-stick1671
striker1688
1671 J. Halfpenny Gentleman's Jocky 120 You must cast the Horse first, then you must beat the place with a blood stick or other stick till you feel it soft.
1797 Encycl. Brit. VII. 112/1 Unskilful people have likewise a custom of waving or shaking the blood-stick before they strike the fleam in view of the horse.
1831 W. Youatt Horse x. 179 A bloodstick, a piece of hard wood loaded at one end with lead, is used to strike the fleam into the vein.
1903 J. A. W. Dollar Pract. Vet. Surg. I. 148 The fleam is caused to penetrate the vein by a sharp blow from the hand or blood-stick.
1930 J. J. O'Connor Dollar's Vet. Surg. (ed. 2) ii. ii. 257 Have the corresponding eye blindfolded to prevent the horse being frightened by the use of the blood stick. Have the fleam in the left hand.
bloodstream n. blood flowing from or through the body; a flow of blood of this kind; (in later use) spec. blood circulating through the cardiovascular system.
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the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > [noun] > blood-stream
bloodstream1846
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14154 Ȝurren þa stanes. mid þan blod-stremes.
1746 Coll. Hymns from Hymn-bk. Moravian Brethren: Pt. II 603 I'm clean, for thy Blood-Stream away my Filth wipes.
1827 R. Emmons Fredoniad III. xxix. 258 Through my pent heart the blood-streams cease to roll.
1846 Medico-chirurg. Rev., & Jrnl. Pract. Med. 49 183 Should the purulent softening extend upwards.., the blood-stream will find its way back to the inflamed portion.
1913 Field 30 Aug. 493/3 Infection does not impair the health of the cow... The responsible organism gets into the blood stream both by the alimentary and genital tracts.
2009 Daily Tel. 9 Nov. 30/1 The bacteria multiply and release a neurotoxin called tetanospasmin, which can spread through the bloodstream.
† blood striking n. Obsolete any of several acute diseases of livestock, typically associated with bleeding or reddish discoloration of tissues; esp. anthrax and blackleg; cf. sense 18.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of cattle > [noun] > other disorders of cattle
murrainc1450
gall1577
gargyse1577
sprenges1577
wisp1577
closh1587
milting1587
moltlong1587
hammer1600
mallet1600
scurvy1604
wither1648
speed1704
nostril dropping1708
bladdera1722
heartsick1725
throstling1726
striking1776
feather-cling1799
hollow-horn1805
weed1811
blood striking1815
the slows1822
toad-bit1825
coast-fever1840
horn-distemper1843
rat's tail1847
whethering1847
milk fever1860
milt-sickness1867
pearl tumour1872
actinomycosis1877
pearl disease1877
rat-tail1880
lumpy jaw1891
niatism1895
cripple1897
rumenitis1897
Rhodesian fever1903
reticulitis1905
barbone1907
contagious abortion1910
trichomoniasis1915
shipping fever1932
New Forest disease1954
bovine spongiform encephalopathy1987
BSE1987
mad cow disease1988
East Coast fever2009
1815 J. White Treat. Vet. Med. (new ed.) IV. 83 (heading) Inflammatory fever; general inflammation; blood, or blood-striking.
1861 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 22 i. 145 Blood-striking, or quarter-ill, is hardly known.
1901 A. A. Gardenier Successful Stockman 666 Anthrax. Also known as Splenic Fever, Splenic Apoplexy, Gangrene of the Spleen, Carbuncle Fever, Blood Striking, Choking Quinsy, and Bloody Murrain.
blood sugar n. = blood glucose n.
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1881 H. N. Heinemann in G. L. Peabody Suppl. Ziemssen's Cycl. Pract. Med. 772 Bussard has confirmed Tommasi's view that the spermatozoa are killed by the blood sugar.
1961 Times 22 Dec. 5/7 Insulin reduces the blood-sugar level.
2008 N.Y. Times Mag. 12 Oct. 36 A friend had left a glucometer in his house... He checked his blood sugar.
blood tale n. a tale involving bloodshed and violence; spec. a cheaply published story of a sensational kind (now historical); cf. penny blood n. at penny n. Compounds 2.
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1836 R. S. Bayley Nature considered as Revelation i. i. 24 There were no blood-tales to startle, no intrigues to watch.
1899 W. N. Oscar Cruise of Golden Wave v. 58 ‘Is it a good old blood-tale?’ I asked. ‘No,’ he replied, ‘it ain't. I don't reckon nothen' o' good old blood-tales, nor the fellows as writes 'em, neither.’
2001 A. Boye Holding Stone Hands iv. xvii. 159 Each one tries to outdo the other by telling stories of animals they have killed..a gruesome contest of blood tales.
blood tax n. figurative a tax paid by the shedding of blood; spec. (a derogatory term for) military conscription.
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society > armed hostility > military organization > enlistment or recruitment > [noun] > compulsory
pressing1591
press?1592
impress1603
imprest1610
impressing1641
draft1757
conscription1799
press-ganging1863
blood tax1890
call-up1916
comb1916
1813 Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 3 Mar. Yes, sir, the blood tax and the money tax—I have no doubt they will bear them.
1890 H. P. Hughes Philanthropy of God v. 75 France is the mother of Conscription. What has she gained by that blood-tax?
1910 W. James Mem. & Stud. (1911) xi. 291 They would have paid their blood-tax, done their own part in the immemorial human warfare against nature.
2003 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 7 Mar. b32/2 The film tells of a band of soldiers sent out by the Xia emperor to collect a ‘blood tax’—that is, male babies who can be raised in the emperor's service—from a remote village.
blood thinner n. a substance believed to make the blood more liquid or to improve its flow; (in later use) spec. an anticoagulant.
ΚΠ
1912 Iowa State Reg. & Farmer 1 Mar. 20/1 Sarsparilla, molasses and sulphur..acted as a blood thinner, as a system purger, and as this was necessary after a long period of stuffing with heavy food such as winter demands.
1947 Hoosier Folklore 6 16 Sassafras tea is a good blood thinner if taken in the spring.
1963 P. J. Steincrohn Common Sense Coronary Care & Prevention xi. 78 Some doctors have had good results in prescribing heparin (a blood thinner).
2006 Independent 11 Apr. 37/1 I take warfarin, a blood thinner, every day after being told that I had an irregular heartbeat and was at risk of a stroke.
blood-tingling adj. = spine-tingling adj. at spine n.1 Compounds 2.
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the mind > emotion > excitement > pleasurable excitement > [adjective] > causing pleasure mixed with horror
blood-tingling1871
spine-freezing1937
spine-chilling1946
spine-tingling1955
1871 Scribner's Monthly Jan. 303/1 A blood-tingling commentary on a nation with forty millions of people, one hundred and forty thousand miles of navigable waters, and forty ships!
1906 F. Palmer Early Days in Detroit 333 The excitement in striving to be first at a fire was blood tingling.
1950 Ames (Iowa) Daily Tribune 6 May 8/7 Miss Trevor and MacMurray are catapulted into a series of high-voltage adventures, fast and funny as well as tense and blood-tingling.
1998 A. Starkey European & Native Amer. Warfare, 1675–1815 iii. 50 Accounts of their atrocities match the most blood-tingling tales of the North American frontier.
2006 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 25 Apr. (Sport section) 9 Unlike the blood-tingling, eye-watering renditions during the Ashes series last year, no one sang a note.
blood transfusion n. transfusion of blood (see transfusion n. 2); an instance of this; (also) a quantity of blood used for transfusion; also figurative.
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the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > transfusion > [noun] > of blood
blood transfusion1866
1866 E. Crisp Let. 16 June in Lancet 23 June 704/2 But there is another matter connected with blood transfusion that is of more importance than its application to cattle plague.
1916 Lancet 2 Sept. 429/2 (title) Employment of blood transfusion in war surgery.
1958 Times 1 July (Agric. Suppl.) p. vii/3 British agriculture has long benefited by money earned in industry being reinvested in the form of capital equipment for farm land. It may be that forestry will benefit..by a similar blood transfusion.
1977 Proc. Royal Soc. Med. 70 549/1 He was sedated, intubated and ventilated and full supportive therapy was given with further blood transfusions.
1990 Time 23 Apr. 39/2 White, a hemophiliac, had contracted the disease from a tainted blood transfusion.
2006 R. Chandrasekaran Imperial Life in Emerald City (2007) xi. 233 There was no defibrillator, no respirator, no blood transfusion equipment, and no syringes of epinephrine.
blood type n. = blood group n.
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the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > [noun] > blood group
group1907
grouping1907
blood type1911
blood group1916
blood grouping1916
1911 Exper. Station Rec. 1910 (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 23 613 The anaphylaxis reaction whether passive or active is not applicable to the differentiation of related blood types.
1966 H. Waugh Pure Poison (1967) xviii. 112 You might try for a record of her blood type first. She claims it's O but she doesn't carry any card.
2006 Philadelphia July 108/3 Coleman, like four in five men, was a ‘secretor’, meaning his saliva, semen and other bodily fluids carried trace amounts of his blood type.
blood-type v. transitive to determine the blood type of (a person, animal, or sample of blood); cf. type v. 5a.
ΚΠ
1934 Laryngoscope 44 604 All patients on admission were blood typed.
1962 Times 28 May 20/5 The sire under test will be blood-typed.
2005 J. B. Dossetor Beyond Hippocratic Oath ii. 34 We blood-typed them all and thereafter the depot had a volunteer blood bank.
blood typing n. = blood grouping n.
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the world > health and disease > healing > diagnosis or prognosis > examination > [noun] > blood grouping
blood grouping1916
blood typing1919
1919 Dental Summary 39 832 Blood typing and blood transfusion.
1960 Farmer & Stockbreeder 8 Mar. 101/1 Blood typing, protein typing and the use of genetic markers may revolutionize sire selection in the seventies.
2006 Amer. Jrnl. Compar. Law 54 127 When there was marital cohabitation at the likely time of the child's conception, only the advent of blood-typing and, later, DNA evidence made it possible to rebut the presumption of legitimacy.
blood urea n. the concentration of urea in the blood.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of blood > [noun] > presence of abnormalities
piarhaemia1848
uraemia1853
melanaemia1859
urinaemia1860
lithaemia1874
lipaemia1881
blood urea1883
haemoglobinaemia1885
bacteraemia1890
oxalaemia1892
uric-acidaemia1893
sulphaemoglobinaemia1910
carotenaemia1919
parasitaemia1944
viraemia1947
paraproteinaemia1956
1883 Med. News 14 Apr. 416/2 He has attempted to show that the blood-urea (as opposed to the urine-urea) is equally diminished.
1915 Jrnl. Exper. Med. 22 213 When the blood urea remains constant the rate times the square root of the concentration in the urine remains constant.
2007 R. W. Schrier Dis. Kidney & Urin. Tract (ed. 8) II. lvi. 1396/2 Those patients with an initial blood urea level higher than 60mg/dL..had a 13% 1-year survival rate.
blood urea nitrogen n. the concentration of urea in the blood used as a measure of its nitrogen content; abbreviated BUN.
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1916 Trans. Amer. Med. Assoc. (Section Pract. Med). 69 In this case a blood urea nitrogen of 33 mg. was encountered with an index of 198.
1968 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 7 Mar. 534/1 Active renal disease was considered to be present if there was hematuria, increasing proteinuria or increasing blood urea nitrogen levels.
2001 E. I. Mondoa & M. Kitei Sugars that Heal (2002) Gloss. 247 Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), a normal waste product whose levels rise in the blood or serum in kidney disease.
blood-vein n. a cream-coloured European geometrid moth, Timandra comae, having a continuous reddish band across both the fore- and hindwings.
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the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Geometridae > calothysamis amata
blood-vein1832
1832 J. Rennie Conspectus Butterflies & Moths Brit. 115 The Blood Vein..appears at the end of June.
1967 T. Lewis & L. R. Taylor Introd. Exper. Ecol. iv. 173 (table) Macrolepidoptera in light traps... Blood-vein (Calothysanis amata).
2007 Daily Tel. 2 May 9/1 Some of the greatest declines were suffered by autumn rustic (92 per cent since 1968), ghost moth (73 per cent), blood-vein (79 per cent)..and white ermine (77 per cent).
blood volume n. Medicine the volume of blood in the circulatory system.
ΚΠ
1870 W. Hibbert New Theory & Pract. Med. 32 The increase of the blood-volume, and the resistance offered to its progress by the constrictive action of the blood-vessels, will..multiply the danger.
1925 G. E. Brown & L. G. Rowntree in Arch. Internal Med. 35 132 Terms as follows are suggested... (2) hypervolemia for increased blood volume, and (3) hypovolemia for decreased blood volumes.
2003 Science 14 Feb. 995/1 Infusing a solution of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) into a mouse's tail—in a massive amount, equivalent to half the animal's blood volume—protected it against hepatitis.
blood wagon n. slang a vehicle used to transport injured people; esp. a hospital ambulance.
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society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > other vehicles according to specific use > [noun] > ambulance
ambulance1825
blood wagon1922
meat wagon1925
gurney1939
ambo1974
1922 Flight 14 34/2 ‘The old blood wagon’, as the air ambulance..was generally called.
1957 S. Moss In Track of Speed vi. 82 Out came the ‘blood wagon’ and back to the ambulance station in the paddock I went.
1969 ‘R. Petrie’ Despatch of Dove iii. 152 A full-length stretcher sledge. A blood-wagon, as the laconic skiers dub it.
1999 Scotsman (Nexis) 2 Apr. 21 So here I am, standing outside the infirmary, symbols of our all too fragile mortality shifting all around..and the distant but inexorable approach of the grimly hooting bloodwagon.
blood-wealth n. Cultural Anthropology money or goods paid as compensation for a murder.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > compensation > [noun] > for man's life > for murder
kelchyn1609
feud-bote1681
blood-wealth1940
1940 E. E. Evans-Pritchard Nuer i. 20 The payments of bride-wealth and blood-wealth were forty, and sometimes fifty to sixty, head of cattle.
1988 Globe & Mail (Canada) (Nexis) 13 Aug. Belts of wampum were used as blood-wealth..or as gifts to potential wives.
blood work n. (a) the shedding of blood; fighting; killing (now rare); (b) the scientific study or laboratory testing of blood, now esp. for diagnostic purposes.
ΚΠ
1815 Crit. Rev. Sept. 325 Now the blood-work is done! Hurrah for the conqueror's fare!
1867 G. Bell Rough Notes by Old Soldier iii. 42 There was counter-retaliation, and so the blood work went on continually.
1889 N.Y. Med. Jrnl. 50 414/1 He had devoted a considerable amount of time to blood-work.
1956 Amer. Jrnl. Nursing 56 41/1 The nurse sends a requisition to the laboratory for routine blood work, which includes white blood count, differential, sedimentation rate, hematocrit, [etc.].
1990 T. C. Johnston Stalkers (1992) 230 Count me in, you got some blood work to do. I like it best when it's up close.
2004 N.Y. Times Mag. 7 Nov. 24/2 Something else in her blood work intrigued the doctor: nearly half of the white cells seen were a single type of infection-fighting cell—eosinophils.
blood wound n. a wound from which blood flows; a blood injury; cf. blood injury n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > [noun] > wound > other wounds
sursanurec1400
blood wound1632
dunt1886
blood injury1909
Blighty1915
1632 J. Vicars tr. Virgil XII Aeneids ii. 37 His beard now smear'd, haire glew'd with bloud-wound marks, And skarres seen plain.
?1760 Tragical Ballad (single sheet) As she was on the ground, He suck'd her blood wound.
1840 P. F. Tytler Hist. Scotl. VII. 85 It had been noted that the bodies..were unscathed by fire or powder, and that no blood wound appeared on either.
1998 Guardian (Nexis) 10 Feb. 25 Wallace was off the [rugby] field with a blood wound.
† blood-wrake n. Obsolete vengeance or punishment for the shedding of blood; cf. wrake n.1Only in Old English.
ΚΠ
lOE Homily (Corpus Cambr. 303) in D. G. Scragg Vercelli Homilies & Related Texts (1992) 33 Þa cwæðon hi ealle sona, si his blod & blodwracu [OE Vercelli blod, OE Bodl. 340 blodes wracu; L. sanguis] ofer us & ofer ure bearn.
† blood wreaker n. Obsolete an avenger of death; cf. wreaker n.
ΚΠ
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1961) Josh. xx. 5 Whenne þe blood wrekere [a1425 L.V. vengere of blood; L. ultor sanguinis] hym pursue.
C6. In the names of plants, fruits, etc., which are blood-red, or have blood-red markings, juice, etc. Cf. bloody adj., n., and adv. Compounds 2b.
blood-beet n. chiefly North American (now historical) the red beetroot.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > beet or beetroot
beetc1000
red beet1541
white beet1542
beetroot1597
beet-raves1719
blood-beet1818
spinach beet1842
1818 R. Alsop Universal Receipt Bk. (ed. 2) 52 Boil, till tender a large blood beet-root.
1879 Amer. Agriculturalist May 186/3 Red or Blood beets may also be sown in June, and furnish an excellent food for milch cows.
1909 G. J. Drews Unfired Food 289 The blood beets are preferable for their color, sweetness and tenderness. They are fine for marbling salads and colouring soups and drinks.
2008 T. Bishop Airs & Graces xl. 305 Francis ate a joint of lamb and a plate of buttered blood-beets.
bloodberry n. (a) a berry of a blood-red colour; (b) a perennial shrub, Rivina humilis (family Phytolaccaceae), of the southern United States and tropical America, which bears pale pink flowers and blood-red berries; (also) the berry of this plant; cf. rivina n.
ΚΠ
1767 W. Tooke Weever's Antient Funeral Monuments (new ed.) 449 Dane-wort, which with red blood berries, cometh up here plentuously.
1871 J. Lonsdale & S. Lee Wks. Virgil 38 Then is the season to..gather the berries of the bay, and the blood-berries of the myrtle.
1882 Jrnl. Sci. 19 552 A similar remark may be made concerning the red juice of the blood-berry (Rivina humilis), which is used in South Carolina as rouge.
1918 Rep. N.Y. State Mus. 2 112 The female [gall midge] described below was reared from a bud gall on blood-berry, Rivina humilis.
2005 L. Niven & J. Pournelle Burning Tower ii. ii. 175 Time to get moving. I'll scout ahead for bloodberries.
blood flower n. (a) a tropical American milkweed, Asclepias curassavica, which has orange-red flowers and was formerly used medicinally as a styptic and purgative; (b) = blood lily n.
ΚΠ
1725 H. Sloane Voy. Islands II. p. x The same Gentleman takes notice of the next..which he says is commonly call'd in Jamaica Blood Flower, &c. from its stopping Blood, when other Medicines fail'd.
1771 R. Weston Universal Botanist II. 375 Hæmanthus, Blood flower, or African Tulip... Spotted-stalked Guinea Hæmanthus.
1827 W. P. C. Barton Outl. Lect. Materia Med. II. 70 The Asclepias Curassavica, which is native of Jamaica, is called (in flower) blood-flower from its reputed efficacy in stopping bloody flux.
1894 Cassell’s Family Mag. 8 278/2 The viscid, acrid juice of the Blood-flower bulbs was used by the Hottentots to poison their arrows.
1922 M. Hampden Bulb Gardening xiii. 146 Attention must be directed towards the Blood-flower, or Hæmanthus, because the scarlet and crimsons are of intense merit in a glasshouse.
2002 L. Hodgson Annuals for Every Purpose 367/1 The hot colors of blood flower (Asclepias curassavica) add a vibrant spark to blues and purples.
blood lily n. any of several red-flowered bulbous plants of or formerly included in the southern African genus Haemanthus (family Amaryllidaceae); esp. H. coccineus and H. sanguinea, both commonly grown as ornamentals; cf. blood flower n. (b).
ΚΠ
1877 E. C. Brewer Errors of Speech & Spelling 427 Hæmanthus.., the blood lily.
1960 Corpus Christi (Texas) Times 8 Apr. 6 c/5 Perhaps the strangest lily we have known is the blood lily, a bulb-plant of the amaryllis family hailing from Africa.
2003 F. Tenenbaum Encycl. Garden Plants 183/3 Considering the common name ‘blood lily’, it's not surprising Haemanthus species produce exotic looking blooms.
blood orange n. any of several varieties of orange having red or red-streaked flesh; cf. blood-red orange n. at blood-red adj. Compounds.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > citrus fruit > [noun] > orange > types of orange
Seville orange1593
bigarade1658
Tangerine orange1710
mikan1727
mandarin1771
naartjie1790
blood orange1806
blood-red orange1826
Tangerine1842
navel orange1856
Florida orange1861
Bengal quince1866
noble orange1866
blood1867
satsuma1881
citrange1903
tangelo1904
sour orange1920
clementine1926
ortanique1936
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > citrus fruit > orange > types of orange
Seville orange1593
kumquat1699
Tangerine orange1710
mikan1727
mandarin1771
naartjie1790
blood orange1806
St. Michael'sc1830
Tangerine1842
navel orange1856
Florida orange1861
Bengal quince1866
noble orange1866
blood1867
Jaffa1881
satsuma1881
navel1882
citrange1903
tangelo1904
Valencia1915
sour orange1920
clementine1926
minneola1931
ortanique1936
1806 N. Biddle Let. 30 Apr. in R. A. McNeal N. Biddle in Greece (1993) 76 Among other things is the blood orange peculiar to this country [sc. Malta] & resembling blood in color.
a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) II. 1415 The blood orange is just a colour variety like the red gooseberry.
2010 R. Saunders Blue Chair Jam Cookbk. iii. vii. 344 Blood oranges range from sweet to exceedingly tart and mouth-puckering.
blood peach n. any of several varieties of peach having deep red flesh; esp. = Indian peach n. at Indian adj. and n. Compounds 1b(b).
ΚΠ
1790 W. Prince To be Sold, Fruit Trees & Shrubs 1/2 White winter clingstone peach, Blood peach, Carolina clingstone peach.
1826 Amer. Farmer 8 29 I budded some limbs of the white Bergamot Peach, with buds of the Indian Blood Peach... The blood peaches are reduced in flavour and beauty and full of white streaks.
1904 Trans. Kansas State Hort. Soc. 27 262 My second peach orchard..had some seedling trees of a variety called Indian or blood peaches, sent here from Emporia.
2007 P. Barbour Rhone Alpes (ed. 2) ix. 123 Cherry trees compete with the vines, and late-ripening blood-peach trees sometimes grow among the rows.
blood plum n.
Brit. /ˈblʌd plʌm/
,
U.S. /ˈbləd ˌpləm/
,
West African English /ˈblɔd ˌplɔm/
(a) the edible red fruit of a tropical West African tree, Haematostaphis barteri (family Anacardiaceae); (also) the tree itself; now rare; (b) any of several varieties of plum having deep red flesh, chiefly of Japanese origin.
ΚΠ
1864 Gardener’s Monthly Sept. 287/1 The blood plum of Sierra Leone (Hæmatostaphis Barteri), has a pleasant subacid flavour when ripe; in size and form it is similar to a grape, but somewhat larger.
1889 Amer. Agriculturalist Oct. 512/3 (advt.) Specialties:..Botan and Blood Plums.
1911 Encycl. Brit. XXV. 55/1 Of fruit trees there are among others the blood-plum (Haematostaphis Barteri) with deep crimson fruit in grape-like clusters.
2004 E. Bone At Mesa’s Edge ii. 298 You can make this recipe with any sweet plum, but blood plums are especially glorious, if you can find them.
blood tree n. †(a) a South African tree (not identified) (obsolete. rare); (b) Australian = bloodwood n. 2; (c) a tropical American tree, Croton gossypiifolium (family Euphorbiaceae), yielding a blood-red sap which is used medicinally and for dyeing cloth.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > other trees > [noun]
blood tree1785
sea-purslane tree1786
salt-tree1824
fever tree1830
sand wood1840
scrubwood1874
mulatto tree1876
1785 G. Forster tr. A. Sparrman Voy. Cape Good Hope II. xiv. 163 I have been informed by the colonists..that there grew in these parts a kind of blood-tree.
1827 Trans. Linn. Soc. London 15 271 Mun'ning-trees, or Blood-trees of the colonists (a species of Eucalyptus).
1885 A. Brassey In Trades 112 The blood-tree..when wounded, sends forth a juice like blood.
1912 Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci. 19 123 The Blood-tree (Croton gossypifolius Vahl.) from which is expressed a juice which the Aztecs used to dye cotton cloth a dark-red.
1914 Sydney Morning Herald 17 July 12/3 A blood tree was found measuring 15 feet 6 inches round.
2001 Archaeology July 35 (caption) K'ik'-te, or the ‘blood tree’, has been used by the Maya for generations to treat chronic skin conditions.
blood weed n. any of several plants which are red in some way or have red sap; spec. †(a) the bloodroot or red puccoon, Sanguinaria canadensis (obsolete); †(b) pale persicaria, Polygonum lapathifolium, which has reddish stems (obsolete. rare); (c) North American the great ragweed, Ambrosia trifida, which exudes a red sap when damaged.
ΚΠ
1770 J. Hill Veg. Syst. XVI. 31 (heading) Genus II. Bloodweed. Sanguinaria.
1847 Amer. Jrnl. Pharmacy 19 21 He at length had recourse to the blood-weed, which he administered in the form of a decoction, made from the stems, leaves, and flowers.
1898 H. C. Hart Flora County Donegal 367 Bloodweed. Polygonum lapathifolium. The dark spot on the leaf is supposed to be blood.
1898 Jrnl. Amer. Folklore 11 229 Ambrosia trifida, L., blood-weed, Tex.
1935 San Antonio (Texas) Express 7 July d8/4 The plants that..cause hay fever in the Southwest are the golden ragweed, the common ragweed and the giant ragweed or bloodweed.
2000 Daily Oklahoman (Nexis) 1 Sept. iv. 7 Another name for the giant ragweed..is ‘blood weed’. If you bruise the leaf stem, a red-colored plant sap comes out of the wound.

Derivatives

† bloodworthy adj. Obsolete rare sufficient to warrant bloodshed.
ΚΠ
1828 R. Southey in Q. Rev. 38 575 In their opinion, the differences between the Roman Catholic and the Protestant are what they call bloodworthy.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

bloodv.

Brit. /blʌd/, U.S. /bləd/
Forms: see blood n.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: blood n.
Etymology: < blood n.
1. transitive. To smear, wet, or cover with blood; to cause to be bloodstained. Also figurative: to make (something) blood-coloured.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > soil [verb (transitive)] > stain or smear with blood
bebloodyc1210
bebleedc1230
begore?1518
blood1522
imbrue1529
bloody1530
gore1566
engore1593
sanguine1610
gild1614
beblood1623
bleed1634
ensanguine1667
bloodstain1798
vermilion1817
imbue1850
1522 R. Langton Pylgrimage f. 12v Also at the Austyn freres is the chekebone of saynt Sebastyan, & an arowe heed whiche was bloded in his body.
1595 E. Spenser Amoretti xx, in Amoretti & Epithalamion sig. B3v Let none euer say, That ye were blooded in a yeelded pray.
1602 J. Marston 2nd Pt. Antonios Revenge i. iii. sig. B4 What villaine bloods the window of my loue?
1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Meleager & Atalanta in Fables 113 Reach out their Spears afar, And blood their Points.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones III. vii. xii. 100 Having blooded his Waistcoat. View more context for this quotation
1862 G. Borrow Wild Wales II. 31 One of the hardest battles which ever blooded English soil.
1884 ‘M. Twain’ Adventures Huckleberry Finn 52 I blooded the ax good.
1983 V. S. Naipaul Hot Country ii. 13 She could see the rippling plan of the Gulf, blooded with the colours of sunset.
2002 A. Render Forged by Lightning 122 Hannibal blooded his sword, but he lacked his usual ferocity.
2.
a. transitive. To cause blood to flow from; spec. to extract blood from (a person or animal) for therapeutic purposes, to perform phlebotomy upon (= bleed v. 9) (now historical).
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > bloodletting > let blood of [verb (transitive)]
bleeda1500
bloodc1540
c1540 Court Bk. Barony of Carnwath f. 95v The said William..dang him with his neiffis & feit & bludit hym.
1597 P. Lowe Whole Course Chirurg. viii. i. sig. Dd Bee circumspect in blooding the foote.
1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island vii. lxx. 102 His horse he blouds, and pricks a trembling vein.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 324/2 A Blooding stick or Striker..is a heavy piece of Wood, wherewith the Fleme is smitten or driven into the Horse Neck Vein, when he is Blooded.
1757 W. Thompson Royal Navy-men's Advocate 41 They [sc. slaughtered oxen] are neither sufficiently blooded, nor dressed in any tolerable manner.
1780 S. Johnson Let. 14 June (1992) III. 275 Yesterday I fasted and was blooded, and to day took physick and dined.
1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge lxxxii. 419 Being promptly blooded..he rallied.
1857 D. Livingstone Missionary Trav. S. Afr. xii. 223 They had scruples about eating an animal not blooded in their own way.
1883 Harper's Mag. July 175/2 He had been blooded..when he was dangerously ill at Portsmouth.
1908 Brit. Med. Jnl. 13 June 1463/1 He was very fond of telling tales of..how the country labourers would come in crowds..to be ‘blooded’.
1984 Jrnl. Brit. Stud. 23 13 The monks..might go there and breathe fresher air after being blooded and otherwise overfatigued.
2007 M. Noble Case of Dirty Verger viii.107 She burst the girl's eyebrow, blooding it immediately and sending the victim backwards, dazed and distraught.
†b. transitive. In extended use: to cause sap to flow from (a tree). Cf. blood n. 1d. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > dryness > dry [verb (transitive)] > remove juice or sap from
blood1623
exsuccate1657
1623 Althorp MS in J. N. Simpkinson Washingtons Pref. 50 Nov. 22 To Dunkley for..one daie blouding trees £00 01s.
†3. transitive. To make eager for bloodshed or combat; to incite or enrage against. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > courage > encouragement > encourage or embolden [verb (transitive)]
hearteOE
bieldc897
hardenc1175
elnea1225
hardyc1225
boldc1275
hardishc1325
endurec1384
assurec1386
emboldc1400
recomfortc1405
enharda1450
support1479
enhardy1483
animatec1487
encourage1490
emboldishc1503
hearten1524
bolden1526
spright1531
raise1533
accourage1534
enheart1545
to hearten on1555
hearten?1556
alacriate1560
bespirit1574
bebrave1576
to put in heart1579
to hearten up1580
embolden1583
bravea1593
enhearten1610
inspiritc1610
rehearten1611
blood1622
mana1625
valiant1628
flush1633
firm1639
buoy1645
embrave1648
reinhearten1652
reanimate1655
reinspirit1660
to give mettle to1689
warm1697
to lift (up) a person's spirits1711
reman1715
to make a man of1722
respirit1725
elate1726
to cocker up1762
enharden1779
nerve1799
boost1815
brace1816
high-mettle1831
braven1865
brazen1884
1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 79 The auxiliarie Forces of French and English were much blouded one against another.
1638 R. Younge Drunkard's Char. 403 Saul, who being blooded against David and the Priests, became as unmercifull to himselfe, by wreaking his teene on his owne bowells.
1677 tr. A.-N. Amelot de La Houssaie Hist. Govt. Venice 61 The consideration of a Sequin..for every Turks head they bring in has..blooded them against those Infidels.
1780 C. Marriott New Royal Eng. Dict. I. To Blood,..Figuratively, to heat or exasperate, used with the particle against.
4. Hunting.
a. transitive. To give (a young hound) a first taste, or sight and smell, of the blood of game; to enter (a dog) to a fox, etc. (enter v. 8a). Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting with hounds > hunt with hounds [verb (transitive)] > give first blood
blood1644
1644 T. Palmer Saints Support 10 A victory got by the wicked, fills their hearts with cruelty. Having once dipped their hands in blood, being blooded (as we said by dogs) they grow bold and desperate, they grow hardy and expert in murder.
1684 T. Creech tr. Theocritus Idylliums x. 58 Dogs, once blooded, always run at sheep.
1704 Dict. Rusticum at Hart-hunting When they have secured him, they next cut his throat, blooding the youngest hounds therewith, that they may the better love a Deer.
1781 P. Beckford Thoughts on Hunting vii. 90 Here they are blooded to fox.
1875 ‘Stonehenge’ Man. Brit. Rural Sports (ed. 12) i. ii. iv. §5. 175 The necessity for blooding the hounds is the..most immediate object of cub-hunting.
1876 G. J. Whyte-Melville Katerfelto xxv. 273 The honour of blooding a pack of hounds.
1908 Baily's Mag. Feb. 111/2 As everyone knows, the terms ‘breaking up’ and ‘blooding the hounds’, which are made so much of, are ceremonies which take place after death [of the prey], and consequently cause no suffering.
1973 Telegraph (Brisbane) 16 Mar. 3/5 The president of the Gold Coast Animal Protection League..claims cats are being stolen and used to blood greyhounds.
2007 G. Craig Ever my Love viii. 103 Yves led the dogs back to his horse. As docile as they were at the moment, it was hard to see them as man-eating beasts. But they'd been blooded; they were a menace, and they needed to be removed.
b. transitive. To smear the face of (a novice at hunting) with the blood of a first kill; to initiate (a person) in the art of hunting, or into a particular hunt.In quot. 1922 figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > hunter > hunter of specific animal > [verb (transitive)] > of fox > novice at hunting
blood1896
1896 Ann. Warwickshire Hunt 1795–1895 II. 205 Mr. Barnard gave him the brush, and he was blooded by Ned Stevens.
1902 All Ireland Rev. 3 38/2 The Master goes through the ceremony of ‘blooding’ his little son, who has now seen his first kill.
1922 M. Arlen ‘Piracy’ i. iv. §4. 55 He rolled and wallowed in it, he let life ‘blood’ him.
1929 J. Masefield Hawbucks 93 Carrie had had the brush and been blooded.
1997 Hunting Feb. 61/1 The years sit so easy on Janet that it is hard to believe that she was blooded to fox 60 years ago with the Hampshire Hunt.
5. slang.
a. transitive (usually in passive). To expose (a person or group of people) to the experience of fighting or bloodshed, esp. for the first time; to initiate in the art of combat or killing. Also in extended use.
ΚΠ
1644 [see sense 4a].
1745 C. Stuart in A. C. Ewald Life & Times Prince Charles Stuart (1875) I. ix. 317 I could have blooded the soldiers with these villains, but it would have cost us many a brave man.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 513 It was most important..that his troops should be blooded.
1888 in Proc. Royal Colonial Inst. (1894) 25 54 The Matabele had all to gain and nothing to lose by the process [of raiding the Mashonas]—..it ‘blooded’ the young regiments; it gave future recruits to the army.
1891 Times 21 Aug. 8/4 Beyond ‘blooding’ the young troops, nothing was gained by these attacks.
1917 A. A. C. (Royal Anti-Aircraft Corps) Dec. 167/1 Nob was ‘blooded’ his first night on an Ack Ack station.
1975 X. Herbert Poor Fellow my Country 1356 They say we were Blooded as a Nation at Anzac. With all due respect to you as an old Anzac, I say we were only Bloodied then.
1991 M. Helprin Soldier of Great War iv. 290 They were a sharp and elite unit, and had been in the trenches long enough to have been blooded a hundred times.
2008 D. Lewis Apache Dawn i. 27 For both aircraft and aircrew alike, Afghanistan would be the place where all would get blooded.
b. transitive. To initiate (a person) in a particular sphere or activity, esp. one characterized by conflict or competition; to test by exposure to a (challenging) situation; to ‘break in’. Now chiefly Sport.
ΚΠ
1660 C. Ellis Gentile Sinner 24 'Tis fit he [sc. a child] should be mann'd up by bold and daring exercises, and as men use their Hounds, be blooded now· when he is young.]
1955 Times 24 May 15/5 These largely mining areas are of little use to Conservatism save as battle courses for blooding new candidates.
1966 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 16 Sept. 14/3 The team is a comparatively young one, and is in keeping with the Association's intentions of ‘blooding’ players for next year's world Hockey Tournament.
1988 Herald (Austral.) (Nexis) 21 July Labor's trade union base provides a good training ground for aspiring politicians, blooding them in the practical art of brinkmanship.
2003 G. Joseph Big Smoke xxi. 196 I thought this would be the right time to give the twins a taste of door work. Get them blooded.
2010 Daily Mercury & Rural Weekly (Mackay, Queensland) (Nexis) 31 Dec. 57 Now is the time to start blooding our future top order [batsmen] and new captain.
6. transitive. In leather-colouring: to apply a coat of blood to (leather) in order to obtain a good black. rare, now perhaps disused.
ΚΠ
1902 Mod. Amer. Tanning I. 110 Recipe for Blacking... After the sides are dry they are ready for a good heavy coat of blood. Some tanners use a material called ‘levant’, a kind of artificial blood, but I prefer the original stuff. A few blood twice and polish twice, but in my opinion that is useless.
7. transitive with it. University slang. To act like a blood (blood n. 15b). rare.
ΚΠ
1922 C. E. M. Joad Highbrows v. 179 When I wasn't ‘blooding’ it with the second-year men..your scout..used to bring your lunch down into my rooms.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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