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单词 skim
释义

skimn.

Forms: Also 1500s skymme, 1500s–1600s skimme.
Etymology: < skim v. In earlier use taking the place of scum n.
1.
a. = scum n. 2b. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > [noun] > a coat or covering layer > thin > on liquid
scumc1440
skim1539
float1600
mantle1601
supernatancy1670
flip1682
1539 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 33 That [water]..wherof cometh leest skymme or frothe, whan it doth boyle.
a1591 H. Smith Serm. (1622) 444 Like a skimme which seetheth into the broth.
1594 H. Plat Jewell House 70 Continue..your skimming so long as any skim doth arise.
1682 Art & Myst. of Vintners 50 Boyl it in a Pan of Iron, take off the skim.
1743 E. Moxon Eng. Housewifry (new ed.) 105 When the Skim begins to rise, take it off.
b. = scum n. 3b. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > the common people > low rank or condition > the lowest class > [noun] > the rabble > a rabble
ginga1275
frapaillec1330
rabblea1398
rascal1415
rafflea1450
mardlec1480
rabblement1543
riff-raff1570
rabble rout?1589
scum1597
skim1606
tumult1629
rebel rout1648
mob1688
drabble1789
attroopment1795
scuff1856
shower1936
1606 L. Bryskett Disc. Ciuill Life 108 Although Philip took delight in this skim of men [flatterers], yet could they neuer draw him..to incurre those vices.
c. North American. A thin layer of ice.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > ice > [noun] > thin
thin ice1625
skim1807
black ice1827
tickly-benders1853
shell ice1875
cat-ice1884
rubber ice1895
sheet icec1900
skim ice1938
1807 J. R. Bedford Jrnl. 22 Jan. in Tennessee Hist. Mag. (1919) 5 50 Nothing worth noting..but the intense severity of the cold..occasioning a very thin skim of ice on the river.
1869 ‘M. Twain’ Innocents Abroad xx. 206 It never has even a skim of ice upon its surface.
1897 Daily News 10 Sept. 8/3 A frost that produced a skim of ice beyond Winnipeg.
d. The fraction of latex which is poor in globules of rubber and is separated from the cream by centrifugation in the manufacture of rubber.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > rubber materials > [noun] > latex separated by centrifugation
skim1928
1928 Brit. Pat. 319,410 2/1 The concentrate contained approximately 0·07 and the skim about 0·14 per cent of ammonia.
1937 H. Barron Mod. Rubber Chem. v. 57 Latex is separated into two portions, one containing about 60 per cent of rubber and very little serum constituents, while the ‘skim’ contains about 6 per cent rubber and nearly all the serum constituents.
1952 Ann. Rep. Progr. Rubber Technol. xvi. 21 A producer of latex concentrate has described a procedure for recovering the residual rubber from centrifuge skim or cream under~layer.
1972 Materials & Technol. V. xiv. 471 The whey or skim obtained after the concentration of latex still contains small amounts of rubber, which can be recovered as skim rubber.
2.
a. A form of horse-hoe; a shim. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > shoeing of horses > [noun] > horseshoe > types of horseshoe
remove1512
lunette1566
half-moon shoe1607
pancelet1607
plate1607
patten shoe1639
linnet-hole1662
cross-bar shoe1675
interfering shoe1678
pantofle shoe1696
panton shoe1696
cutting-shoe1711
skim1795
skimmer1801
bar-shoe1831
sandal1831
tip1831
racket1846
hipposandal1847
slipper1903
stumbling-shoe1908
mud-shoe1940
1795 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Essex 99 Horse-hoes or skims..answer particularly well for cleaning the fallows.
b. An addition to the coulter of a plough by which the surface of the ground is pared off.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > ploughing equipment > [noun] > plough > coulter > skim
skim1799
shim1805
1799 A. Young Gen. View Agric. County Lincoln 141 The turnips were ploughed for once, with Ducket's skim coulter plough, without the skim.
1812 J. Sinclair Acct. Syst. Husbandry Scotl. i. 416 If you attach the skim to bury the surface.
1837 Brit. Husbandry (Libr. Useful Knowl.) II. 18 A double skim, which can be either added to the plough or removed at pleasure.
1904 Eng. Dial. Dict. V. 474/1 There is sometimes a skim in front of the coulter which serves to turn in the weeds.
3. elliptical. = skim-milk n. 1. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > [noun] > milk > skimmed milk
skim-milk1598
skimmed milka1722
Blue John1869
skim1885
scald milk1886
semi-skimmed1981
1885 Daily News 1 Dec. 2/1 The milk is manufactured into butter and cheese,..and the ‘skim’..is not exactly the most nourishing stuff in the world.
1886 All Year Round 14 Aug. 34 But there is skim and skim, just as there is butter-milk and butter-milk.
1895 Westm. Gaz. 30 Dec. 3/1 The owners of pictures are in the habit of proffering a certain proportion of skim with their cream.
4.
a. The act of skimming or moving lightly.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > progressive motion > specific manner of progressive motion > [noun] > lightly along or near a surface
graze1692
sweep1820
skima1851
skiffing1866
skitter1905
a1851 D. M. Moir Castle of Time xxiii For clouds on the blue air, with shadowy skim, Were rolling their faint billows.
1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles II. xxxi. 132 The buoyancy of her tread, like the skim of a bird which has not quite alighted.
b. A hasty sketch or survey.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > non-fiction > survey > [noun] > hasty survey
skim1889
1889 Pall Mall Gaz. 19 Oct. 3/3 As a careful political study, it [the book] is of little value. Delightful skims are apt to be full of fables.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
skim ice n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > ice > [noun] > thin
thin ice1625
skim1807
black ice1827
tickly-benders1853
shell ice1875
cat-ice1884
rubber ice1895
sheet icec1900
skim ice1938
1938 W. Faulkner Unvanquished 211 It lay with its body on the land and its head fixed in the skim ice like it was set into a mirror.
1974 J. Keats Of Time & Island v. 74 You can see them [sc. fish] lying under skim ice in the shallows in the spring.
C2.
skim-board n. a type of surf-board used for riding shallow water.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > water sports except racing > surfing > [noun] > surfboard > types of
paddle-board1785
bellyboard1957
pig-board1959
malibu1962
gun1963
hot dog1963
pop-out1963
sausage board1963
skim-board1965
wakeboard1966
log1967
pintail1967
longboard1970
boogie board1976
bodyboard1979
thruster1982
mini-mal1988
funboard1992
kitesurfer1994
kiteboard1996
quad1999
1965 P. L. Dixon Compl. Bk. Surfing 143 Riding a skim board is simple to define, difficult to accomplish.
1972 National Geographic Nov. 688 Riding a skim~board, a youth glides over a comber-laved beach.
skim money n. slang a portion of the takings at a casino illicitly diverted in order to evade taxes.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > [noun] > takings or receipts > types of
gate-money1820
box office1870
gate1891
gate receipts1914
skim money1973
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > payment of taxes > [noun] > tax evasion
tax evasion1922
skimming1966
tax-evading1971
skim money1973
1973 W. McCarthy Detail iii. 144 They used her as a courier for skim money.
skim-net n. a net used with a kind of skimming action.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > equipment > trap or snare > [noun] > net > other nets
stalker1389
pocketc1425
hoop-net1481
hose-net1554
gap-net1727
bag-net1777
hoop1882
skim-neta1884
a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 820/2 Skim Net (Fishing), a large dipping net.
1887 G. B. Goode Fisheries U.S. 802 Prior to 1872, shrimp were taken in this locality only with skim-nets.
1891 C. L. Morgan Animal Sketches 135 An efficient skim-net, wherewith to capture insects on the wing.
skim-plough n. a plough having a skim attached, a skim-coulter plough; hence skim-plough vb.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > ploughing > plough (land) [verb (transitive)] > plough lightly
shoal1670
scratch1697
stirree1742
skirtc1795
skim1799
riffle1804
skim-plough1807
hen-scratch1872
scratch-plough1926
the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > ploughing equipment > [noun] > plough > plough having skim coulter
skim-plough1807
1807 A. Young Gen. View Agric. Essex I. v. 137 The skim-plough of the late Mr. Ducket,..and other skim coulters.
1837 Brit. Husbandry (Libr. Useful Knowl.) II. 17 Trench and skim ploughs.
1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm III. 765 The land has been recently skim-ploughed.

Draft additions 1993

A thin coating (of a substance); a film. Originally North American.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > [noun] > a coat or covering layer > thin
skina1475
weba1475
film1577
cuticle1658
cuticula1662
surface film1841
skim1951
1951 W. Faulkner Requiem for Nun 227 That same white tide sweeping them in: that tender skim covering the winter's brown earth, burgeoning through spring and summer into September's white surf.
1962 M. E. Murie Two in Far North ii. viii. 178 There was only a light skim of snow as yet.
1966 D. Bagley Wyatt's Hurricane ix. 259 Then, a few miles further on, they ran into water on the road, just a skim at first, but deepening to over six inches.
1979 M. McMullen But Nellie was so Nice I. i. 12 She put on a light skim of makeup..and left the apartment gratefully.
1989 Independent 10 Aug. 6/5 The trick of adding a skim of asphalt—bitumen and stone—to provide a running surface was not invented until 1901.

Draft additions 1993

The action or process of skimming a profit from gambling receipts; the money taken in this way. Cf. skim v. 2d. Chiefly U.S.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > illegal or immoral trading > [noun] > other illegal or immoral trading practices
substitution1856
skim1972
gazundering1988
1972 T. P. McMahon Issue of Bishop's Blood xiii. 152 The take in Las Vegas is on the order of eight and a half millions a week. A good chunk of that dough, the skim, goes through Gentilli's hands.
1982 Washington Post 12 Oct. a8/2 One method of obtaining this money is..to buy casinos in Nevada using front men and then insert their own personnel to effect a skim.
1984 N.Y. Times 28 Jan. i. 9/4 Cash equivalent to the spurious ‘fill’ slips was removed from the casino cashier's cage, the books were balanced and the skim was complete.
1986 T. Barling Smoke xvii. 396 OK. But we get the whole skim from the London casinos.

Draft additions 1993

skim coat n. Plastering = setting coat n. at setting n.1 Compounds 3.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > plaster > [noun] > fine > finishing coat of
setting coat1812
skim coat1895
1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. 1680/1 Skim coat,..A thin finishing coat of plaster.
1898 Internat. Corresp. Schools Instruction Paper: Masonry ii. 137 The first layer applied is called the scratch coat; the second, the brown or finishing coat; and the third, the skim, white, or finishing coat.
1990 Do it Yourself Apr. 8/2 The beading..is not seen after the skim coat of plaster has been applied.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

skimadj.

Etymology: By inference < skim-milk.
rare.
Skimmed; made of skim-milk.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > [adjective] > relating to milk > skimmed
skim1794
semi-skimmed1968
1794 Darke in Marshall Rev. (1810) II. 373 Where they make the skim cheese, the land is deemed too rich for one meal.
1866 Intellectual Observer No. 56. 126 Milk scant and skim.
1893 Daily News 25 Dec. 5/5 Then the problem of branding skim cheese will be solved.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2018).

skimv.

Brit. /skɪm/, U.S. /skɪm/
Forms: Also Middle English skem(e, skym(e, 1600s skeam-, 1500s–1600s skimme.
Etymology: probably < Old French escumer: see scum v. The vowel may be partly due to skimmer v., in which the narrowing would be assisted by the original stress on the final syllable.
I. To remove by skimming, and related uses.
1.
a. transitive. To clear (a liquid or a liquid mass) from matter floating upon the surface, usually by means of a special utensil; to deprive (milk) of cream by this method; to deal with (a pot, etc.) in this way. Also absol. (Cf. scum v. 1.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > removal of scum > remove scum from [verb (transitive)]
despumec1400
scumc1400
skimc1430
fleetc1440
flote1573
despumate1651
c1430 Two Cookery-bks. 22 Caste alle on a potte, & skym yt.
c1450 Middle Eng. Med. Bk. (Heinrich) 71 Þe þridde part of hony, boiled and skemed.
a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 50 Þou shalt hit frye, In buttur wele skymmet wyturly.
1548 T. Cooper Bibliotheca Eliotæ (rev. ed.) Despumo, to skimme or clarifie any licour.
1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Lii/2 To Skimme, despumare.
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream ii. i. 36 Are not you hee, That..Skim milke, and sometimes labour in the querne. View more context for this quotation
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Escumer,..to skimme, or clarifie, liquor.
1744 G. Berkeley Siris (ESTC T72826) §1 The clear water, having been first carefully skimmed.
a1756 E. Haywood New Present (1771) 32 When it boils, skim it clean.
1826 D. Booth Art of Brewing (ed. 2) 114 Boil the first mash one hour... Then skim and cleanse.
c1850 Arabian Nights (Rtldg.) 643 Morgiana..put the pot on the fire to make the broth, but while she was skimming it the lamp went out.
1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 49/1 When the lead is all melted it is skimmed, and then drawn off into the mould.
figurative.1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. ii. vi. 158 Hee might not seeme to haue once sipt or skimd the honour of their chastitie so much, as with beholding them.1673 S'too him Bayes 115 He had rak'd hell and skim'd the devil for it.1704 in Mem. Hist. Soc. Pennsylvania (1870) IX. 350 I wish we may ever be skimmed so as to leave anything pure behind.
b. Agriculture. To plough (land) very lightly.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > ploughing > plough (land) [verb (transitive)] > plough lightly
shoal1670
scratch1697
stirree1742
skirtc1795
skim1799
riffle1804
skim-plough1807
hen-scratch1872
scratch-plough1926
1799 A. Young Gen. View Agric. County Lincoln 163 Skim it with plough very thin to make it fine.
1805 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. I. 468 A few surface weeds appearing, he skimmed the land, without turning a furrow.
2.
a. To remove or collect by skimming. Also in figurative context.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > removal of scum > remove scum from [verb (transitive)] > remove as scum
scumc1400
strikec1430
skim1651
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iv. xlvii. 387 Fairies..Feast upon the Cream, which they skim from the Milk.
1786 H. More Florio 9 He lik'd those literary cooks Who skim the cream of others' books.
1886 J. Ruskin Præterita II. iv. 141 We bought three cows, and skimmed our own cream.
1894 W. J. Dawson Making of Manhood 30 We forget that the newspaper skims the scum of life.
b. To take off or away by skimming. Also figurative.
ΚΠ
1670 W. Simpson Hydrol. Ess. 86 Upon these waters..is found a kind of white cremor..; this being skim'd off [etc.].
1744 G. Berkeley Let. Tar-water §8 The oil that floated on the top and was skimmed off.
1799 tr. Laboratory (ed. 6) I. xi. 379 Skim off the skin which will appear on the surface.
1820 W. Scoresby Acct. Arctic Regions II. 403 The most pure part is skimmed off, and becomes fine oil.
1857 W. A. Miller Elements Chem. III. ii. §3. 81 The lighter and decayed seeds float, and are skimmed off.
figurative.1676 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Iliads xx. 456 And with his Sword he skim'd his head away Helmet and all.1780 W. Cowper Progress of Error 343 To purge and skim away the filth of vice.1926 W. R. Inge Lay Thoughts ii. x. 157 Civilisation tends to sterilise the ablest part of a nation. In each generation it skims off the cream and leaves the milk thinner.
c. To scoop up as if by skimming. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (transitive)] > (as) with a shovel or scoop
skim1665
shovel1685
bale1692
scoop1850
1665 Fox in Bickley Life (1884) xviii. 264 The water..ran about the room so that I was fain to skim it up with a platter.
d. To conceal or divert (some of one's earnings or takings, frequently from gambling) to avoid paying tax on them; also absol. Also with off. U.S. slang.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > payment of taxes > pay tax [verb (transitive)] > protect or conceal from taxation
shelter1963
skim1966
1966 National Observer (U.S.) 5 Sept. 7/3 Certain Las Vegas gamblers have been ‘skimming’ millions of dollars in casino winnings—taking a cut of the receipts before the tax collector had a chance to get his share.
1973 Sun (Baltimore) 24 July a7/8 Noting the frequent discrepancies in amounts of cash transferred between people and the huge sums involved, he asked: ‘Do you have any information, Mr Strachan, of anyone skimming?’
1978 M. Puzo Fools Die xviii. 194 Gronevelt felt that hotel owners who skimmed money in the casino counting room were jerks, that the FBI would catch up with them sooner or later.
3.
a. To cover with a thin layer, as with scum.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > coat or cover with a layer [verb (transitive)] > with a thin coating
overfilm1593
film1604
skim1667
sub1921
skin1946
1667 J. Dryden Annus Mirabilis 1666 cxiii. 29 Where the false tides skim o'r the cover'd Land, And Sea-men with dissembled depths betray.
1860 N. Hawthorne Marble Faun II. xvi. 181 The fountain of Trevi skimmed almost across with a glassy surface.
b. intransitive. To put on a thin layer.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > become coated with a layer [verb (intransitive)] > with a thin layer
skimc1865
c1865 H. E. P. Spofford Pilot's Wife in C. Gibbon Casquet of Lit. (1877) IV. 25/2 The chocolate skimmed all over with a coat of cold oil at last.
1896 R. Kipling in Sat. Rev. Christmas Suppl. 1/1 The beach-pools cake and skim.
4. To throw lightly over or upon the surface of something.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > throw over to cover > lightly
skima1777
a1777 S. Foote Cozeners (1778) iii. ii. 76 Some saffron, or snuff, just skimmed over his face.
1831 J. Holland Treat. Manuf. Metal I. 141 Water, during the operation, being frequently skimmed upon the surface to displace the scales.
II. To pass over lightly, and related uses.
5. To scour (the sea, etc.); = scum v. 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct (one's course, steps, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > scour (the sea, etc.)
scumc1420
skimc1440
c1440 Brut ccxlv. 383 Þe erle toke his meyne, and went to schyppe, and skimmed the see,..þat no maner enymys durste rowte vpon þe see.
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. clxxiii The whiche storyd and skymmyd ye see ryght well and manfully.
6.
a. To deal with, treat, or study, in a slight and superficial manner. Also with over (cf. 9c).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > be careless or heedless of [verb (transitive)] > perform without accuracy or thoroughness
to toy with ——1563
skima1586
slubber1592
slobber1630
huddle1648
to shuffle over, through1656
slobber1765
slattern1781
scuffle1785
slur1857
perfunctorize1866
smatter1881
society > education > learning > study > [verb (transitive)] > study superficially
skima1586
scum1625
to dip into1682
smatter1883
a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. xx. sig. Bb8v Who (but skimming any thing that came before him) was disciplined to leaue the through-handling of all, to his gentle wife.
1665 J. Glanvill Sciri Tuum: Authors Defense 51 in Scepsis Scientifica Such as love only to skim things, and have not the patience to keep their minds to a deep and close attention.
1699 A. Boyer Royal Dict. (at cited word) To skim a thing over, (to pass it over slightly) effleurer une matiére [etc.].
1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas I. i. i. 7 He had never skimmed the first principles of it [sc. Latin].
a1853 F. W. Robertson Serm. (1855) 2nd Ser. ii. 24 They skim the surface of the thought.
1876 W. E. Gladstone in Contemp. Rev. June 3 Parliament dived into the question, which the Bench had only skimmed.
b. esp. To read rapidly or carelessly; to glance over without close attention.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > reading > [verb (transitive)] > read rapidly
skim1799
scan1926
speed-read1960
1799 H. More Strict. Mod. Syst. Fem. Educ. (ed. 4) I. 187 The kind of books here recommended, if thoroughly studied, and not superficially skimmed.
1820 Ld. Byron Blues i. 22 Where I just had been skimming a charming critique.
1833 T. Hook Parson's Daughter I. xii. 260 The London paper..which Harvey undertook to skim for the benefit of his friend.
1884 G. Allen Philistia II. 75 He..was skimming the telegrams in an unconcerned manner.
7.
a. To move, glide, fly or float, lightly and rapidly over or along (the ground, etc.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > move or cause to move swiftly in specific manner [verb (transitive)] > move swiftly and lightly over or along
skim1697
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 124 Then stooping on the Meads and leafy Bow'rs; They skim the Floods. View more context for this quotation
1716 J. Gay Trivia ii. 35 The Ball now Skims the Street.
1735 W. Somervile Chace iii. 101 Smooth as Swallows skim The new~shorn Mead.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VI. 143 One of the most rapacious little animals that skims the deep.
1809 T. Campbell Gertrude of Wyoming i. ii The happy shepherd swains..skim, perchance, thy lake with light canoe.
1849 M. Arnold Resignation 71 The red-grouse..Skims, now and then, the shining ground.
1878 J. Buller Forty Years N.Z. i. ii. 27 Wild fowl skim the surface of the water.
figurative.1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 4 Apr. 5/1 Lady Duffus-Hardy..has skimmed a large expanse of country in order to cull these blossoms for our delectation.
b. To pass over (a surface) with close approach or very slight contact.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > progressive motion > specific manner of progressive motion > move or cause to move progressively in specific manner [verb (transitive)] > move lightly over or along
scum1513
shave1513
sweep1538
raze1555
grazea1616
frizzle1634
brush1647
brush1674
to brush (a thing) over1700
skim1796
skiff1807
scuff1818
skitter1885
swab1892
1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 42 On that day the sun, when lowest, skims the horizon without setting.
1822 T. Webster Imison's Elem. Sci. & Art (new ed.) I. 414 If you now turn to the north you will find that some just skim the horizon.
1826 F. Reynolds Life & Times II. 111 The oar, instead of deeply entering the water, only slightly skimming the surface.
8. To cause to fly lightly; to throw (a thing, esp. one having a flat surface) so that it maintains an evenness of balance or poise in its flight.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > a missile or projectile > flat > so that it skims
skim1611
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Ricochet, the sport of skimming a thinne stone on the water.
1748 S. Richardson Clarissa IV. xviii. 82 I skimm'd my hat after him, to make him afraid for something.
1768 Woman of Honor III. 245 I took the guinea, and..the window being open, I skimmed it out.
1816 W. Scott Antiquary III. xiv. 294 He skimmed his cocked-hat in the air.
1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian i, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. I. 19 Hearing the..voice of the guard as he skimmed forth for my grasp the expected packet.
1851 M. C. Clarke Girlhood of Shakespeare's Heroines (1974) II. vii. 123 The moment her hands were untied..the first use she made of them was to skime both bread and trencher to the other end of the hall.
9.
a. intransitive. To sail, glide, float, fly, run, etc., with a light and easy motion, on or close to some surface, or through the air.In very frequent use from c1700.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > progressive motion > specific manner of progressive motion > move progressively in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > lightly over a surface
skim1591
graze1632
skiff1725
mirla1838
skitter1847
the world > movement > progressive motion > moving with current of air or water > motion in the air > move in the air [verb (intransitive)] > smoothly
glideOE
scum1513
skim1591
kite1854
1591 J. Eliot tr. B. de Loque Disc. Warre 18 The little Pyrate, that did but skimme vp and downe the sea in a litle Brigandine.
1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 7 The winds skimming over the face of them, fannes the coole vapour all over those quarters.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 64 Sportful Coots run skimming o're the Strand. View more context for this quotation
1705 G. Berkeley Descr. Cave of Dunmore in Wks. (1871) IV. 507 A rivulet..skims along the side of the cave.
1740 W. Somervile Hobbinol iii. 287 As the slick Lev'ret skims before the Pack.
1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho II. ii. 39 Gondolas..were seen skimming along the moon-light sea.
1847 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) xxiii. 235 The hard glazed hat in question skimmed into the room like a bird.
1865 W. G. Palgrave Narr. Journey through Arabia II. 302 An English-built yacht skimmed by.
1886 Manch. Examiner 8 Jan. 6/1 The sleighs skim along very smoothly and lightly as long as the ponies keep their feet.
figurative.1704 J. Norris Ess. Ideal World II. iii. 151 Others who are for skimming over the surfaces of a great many things, without going to the bottom of anything.1768 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued I. i. x. 271 They skim lightly over the surface and never touch the greater part lying at the bottom.1820 W. Scott Monastery III. vi. 164 I hate the judgment that, like the flesh-fly, skims over whatever is sound, to detect and settle upon some spot which is tainted.1874 H. R. Reynolds John the Baptist iii. §2. 187 The science of comparative religion skims round the outside of the region.
b. To glance over, without reading closely.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > reading > [verb (transitive)] > skim or browse or skip
skip1526
launch1570
to run over1577
rufflea1631
leaf1663
to run through1670
to dip into1682
skim1739
thumb-read1825
browse1903
thumb1930
riffle1938
riff1942
skim-read1954
skip-read1977
1739 M. Delany Autobiogr. & Corr. (1861) II. 30 Your last letter, which..I skimmed over to satisfy myself of your health.
1741 I. Watts Improvem. Mind i. iv. 69 Plumeo skim'd over the Pages like a Swallow over the flowry Meads.
1800 E. Hervey Mourtray Family I. 89 Why in such a hurry? Let me first just skim over the paper.
1843 G. W. Le Fevre Life Trav. Physician I. i. i. 14 He was skimming over my introductory epistle.
c. To pass over lightly, without dwelling upon or treating fully.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > be careless or negligent [verb (intransitive)] > do something without thoroughness
superficialize1656
skima1748
a1748 I. Watts Improvem. Mind ii. viii, in Coll. Wks. (1753) V. 357 They skim lightly over the arguments.
a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued (1777) III. iii. 327 Our blemishes and foibles.., which the eye does not willingly fix upon but is apt to skim lightly over.
a1831 J. H. Newman in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) X. 283/2 He skims over rather than dives into the various departments of literature.
1884 Spectator 4 Oct. 1319/2 He is skimming over a real difficulty, which is not to be evaded by eloquent talk.
d. To go over lightly with the scythe.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > harvest (a crop) [verb (transitive)] > reap or mow a crop > mow with scythe
moweOE
swinge1573
cradle1746
skim1831
scythe1892
1831 J. Morton Gloucestershire Vale-farm 26 in Farm-rep. The rank grass..is ‘skimmed over’ or mown, and made into hay for young stock in the winter.
10. To glance round the horizon.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > seeing or looking > see [verb (intransitive)] > look around
to look abouta1200
to look round?1505
to look around1600
skim1817
rubber1896
1817 J. Keats I stood Tip-toe 17 There was wide wandering for the greediest eye,..Far round the horizon's crystal air to skim.

Draft additions March 2004

transitive. To copy (data on a credit card, etc.) electronically for fraudulent use. Cf. skimming n.
ΚΠ
1980 Amer. Banker 17 Sept. 10/1 Information on how to produce fraudulent credit cards or skim data from magnetic tape on cards was being circulated freely in prisons.
1984 Business Week (Nexis) 15 Oct. 105 Add other forms of credit card fraud—such as ‘skimming’ information from a valid card's magnetic strip and rerecording it on another card, as can easily be done with a $30 handheld device—and losses probably hit $150 million last year.
2003 Business Rev. Weekly 14 Aug. 24/1 A gang that skimmed cards at 14 ATMs in Sydney and Melbourne last November, stealing more than $500,000 from the accounts of 500 victims.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1539adj.1794v.c1430
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