black cholern.

Brit.

/ˌblak ˈkɒlə/, U.S.

/ˌblæk ˈkɑlər/

Forms: see black adj. and choler n.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: black adj., choler n.

Etymology: < black adj. + choler n., after post-classical Latin cholera nigra (see black cholera n.). Compare Anglo-Norman colre neire (13th cent. or earlier), Spanish cólera negra (late 14th cent.), Italian colera nera (end of the 13th cent.). Compare slightly earlier black cholera n., and also slightly earlier melancholy n.¹ Compare also atrabile n. and the foreign-language forms cited at that entry.

Now historical.

In ancient and medieval physiology and medicine: the humour choler (choler n. 2a) in a form having a dark or black colour; (also) the humour melancholy (melancholy n.¹ 2) (in a normal or abnormal form). Also called atrabile. Cf. slightly earlier black cholera n., and later black bile n. at bile n. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > [noun] > black bile as cause of melancholy

black choleraa1398

choler adusta1400

black choler?a1425

melancholic1590

atrabile1594

combust choler1607

black bile1634

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disordered secretion > [noun] > bilious disorders

black choleraa1398

black humoura1398

cholera1398

melancholya1398

choler adusta1400

black choler?a1425

melancholiousness1526

burnt choler1578

atrabile1594

combust choler1607

black bile1634

polycholia1799

bile1803

acholia1835

biliousness1856

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 36 (MED) When forsoþ þer comeþ in þe flesh blac colre, beyng forsoþ mordax i. bityng, it corrodeþ þe skyn & wircheþ an vlcere more moderate.

a1475 Bk. Quinte Essence (1889) 17 Þat humour of blak coler..if it..a-sende vp to þe heed, it troubliþ alle þe myȝtis of þe brayn.

?1545 C. Langton Introd. Phisycke f. xxxvii^v It..doth drawe vnto it melancholye or blacke choler, by a veyne whyche commeth from the lyuer, receyuyng heat of the heart, to digest the forsaid blacke choler.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 377 The leaves of Sena..do scoure away fleme and choler, especially blacke choler, and Melancholie.

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. iv. ii. ii. 453 Whay which is, the common convayer of all such things as purge black choler.

1744 B. Lynch Guide to Health iii. iv. 421 This Disease arises from that Malignity in the Blood and Humours, which the Ancients have called Black Choler.

1874 Med. Times & Gaz. 21 Feb. 207/1 The disease [sc. lepra] depended on black choler, which only produced the worst diseases—the same black choler that ruled in cancer, the same that ruled in elephantiasis.

1949 PMLA 64 1077 We learn from that book of knowledge, Batman vppon Bartholome, that the black choler mentioned in Burton's verse is not unusual in a dog.

2011 Jrnl. Clin. Neurosci. 18 1029/1 The cause of melancholy for Soranus would be narrowing of the body's canals, thus preventing..the correct flow of atoms through them, generating a state of ‘black choler’.

Derivatives

† black cholery adj. Obsolete rare of, relating to, or caused by black choler. [After post-classical Latin atrabiliarius atrabiliary adj.; compare cholery adj., and also earlier atrabilar adj.]

ΚΠ

1662 J. Chandler tr. J. B. van Helmont Oriatrike 303 After that I certainly knew that there was no black choler in nature, it was easie for me..to forsake the black cholery Schools [L. atrabiliarias Scholas].

1662 J. Chandler tr. J. B. van Helmont Oriatrike 966 And likewise a doating delusion should never happen in a burning Fever, in a Synochus, or continual Fevers: but alwayes in Quartanes, and black Cholery diseases [L. atrabiliariisque morbis].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	black choler
释义	black cholern. Brit. /ˌblak ˈkɒlə/, U.S. /ˌblæk ˈkɑlər/ Forms: see black adj. and choler n. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: black adj., choler n. Etymology: < black adj. + choler n., after post-classical Latin cholera nigra (see black cholera n.). Compare Anglo-Norman colre neire (13th cent. or earlier), Spanish cólera negra (late 14th cent.), Italian colera nera (end of the 13th cent.). Compare slightly earlier black cholera n., and also slightly earlier melancholy n.¹ Compare also atrabile n. and the foreign-language forms cited at that entry. Now historical. In ancient and medieval physiology and medicine: the humour choler (choler n. 2a) in a form having a dark or black colour; (also) the humour melancholy (melancholy n.¹ 2) (in a normal or abnormal form). Also called atrabile. Cf. slightly earlier black cholera n., and later black bile n. at bile n. 3. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > [noun] > black bile as cause of melancholy black choleraa1398 choler adusta1400 black choler?a1425 melancholic1590 atrabile1594 combust choler1607 black bile1634 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disordered secretion > [noun] > bilious disorders black choleraa1398 black humoura1398 cholera1398 melancholya1398 choler adusta1400 black choler?a1425 melancholiousness1526 burnt choler1578 atrabile1594 combust choler1607 black bile1634 polycholia1799 bile1803 acholia1835 biliousness1856 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 36 (MED) When forsoþ þer comeþ in þe flesh blac colre, beyng forsoþ mordax i. bityng, it corrodeþ þe skyn & wircheþ an vlcere more moderate. a1475 Bk. Quinte Essence (1889) 17 Þat humour of blak coler..if it..a-sende vp to þe heed, it troubliþ alle þe myȝtis of þe brayn. ?1545 C. Langton Introd. Phisycke f. xxxvii^v It..doth drawe vnto it melancholye or blacke choler, by a veyne whyche commeth from the lyuer, receyuyng heat of the heart, to digest the forsaid blacke choler. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 377 The leaves of Sena..do scoure away fleme and choler, especially blacke choler, and Melancholie. 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. iv. ii. ii. 453 Whay which is, the common convayer of all such things as purge black choler. 1744 B. Lynch Guide to Health iii. iv. 421 This Disease arises from that Malignity in the Blood and Humours, which the Ancients have called Black Choler. 1874 Med. Times & Gaz. 21 Feb. 207/1 The disease [sc. lepra] depended on black choler, which only produced the worst diseases—the same black choler that ruled in cancer, the same that ruled in elephantiasis. 1949 PMLA 64 1077 We learn from that book of knowledge, Batman vppon Bartholome, that the black choler mentioned in Burton's verse is not unusual in a dog. 2011 Jrnl. Clin. Neurosci. 18 1029/1 The cause of melancholy for Soranus would be narrowing of the body's canals, thus preventing..the correct flow of atoms through them, generating a state of ‘black choler’. Derivatives † black cholery adj. Obsolete rare of, relating to, or caused by black choler. [After post-classical Latin atrabiliarius atrabiliary adj.; compare cholery adj., and also earlier atrabilar adj.] ΚΠ 1662 J. Chandler tr. J. B. van Helmont Oriatrike 303 After that I certainly knew that there was no black choler in nature, it was easie for me..to forsake the black cholery Schools [L. atrabiliarias Scholas]. 1662 J. Chandler tr. J. B. van Helmont Oriatrike 966 And likewise a doating delusion should never happen in a burning Fever, in a Synochus, or continual Fevers: but alwayes in Quartanes, and black Cholery diseases [L. atrabiliariisque morbis]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.?a1425
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