shot-holen.

Etymology: shot n.¹

a. A hole made by the passage of a shot.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > an opening or aperture > [noun] > a hole bored, pierced, or perforated > other bored, pierced, or perforated holes

nail-hole1654

bolt-hole1691

shot-hole1745

pilot hole1891

bullet-hole-

society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > [noun] > hole or mark made by shot

shot-hole1801

shot-mark1828

bullet-hole-

1745 P. Durell Log 20 May in J. S. McLennan Louisbourg (1918) x. 177 We had several Shott holes in all our sides.

1801 Ld. Nelson Let. 22 Apr. in Dispatches & Lett. (1846) VII. p. ccvii The Infordestein..was desired to be sunk, which she soon was as no person stopped her shot-holes.

1907 J. H. Patterson Man-eaters of Tsavo v. 55 They had..induced one of their fellow workmen to make a few holes like shot holes in their backs.

b. transferred. ‘A hole made in wood by a boring insect’ (Webster 1911).

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > an opening or aperture > [noun] > a hole bored, pierced, or perforated > hole made by boring worm or insect

wormhole1594

shot-hole1972

1889 E. A. Ormerod Rep. Observ. Injurious Insects 94 I found that the injury [to the tree] began by a small hole like a shot-hole in the side of the attacked stem.]

1946 Nature 13 July 52/2 Dry rot..is the result of the operations of fungi, and not of insects—the attacks of the latter being usually discernible by the presence of small pin or ‘shot’ holes in the wood.

1972 Gloss. Terms Timber (B.S.I.) 17 Shothole, a worm-hole usually more than 1·5 mm and not more than 3 mm in diameter.

c. A small round hole made in a leaf by a fungus or bacterium; also, a condition in which such holes occur.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with crop or food plants > various diseases > shot-hole disease or hole caused by

shot-hole1897

shot-hole disease1926

1897 [see shot-hole fungus n. at Compounds].

1902 D. McAlpine Fungus Dis. iii. 33 There is a very familiar appearance in the leaves of many of our stone-fruit trees, where they are more or less punctured with round holes, as if riddled with shot; hence the name ‘shot-hole’ applied to the injury.

1926 F. D. Heald Man. Plant Dis. ii. 33 Some varieties are more prone to shot hole whenever localized areas of leaf tissue are killed.

1946 H. Wormald Dis. Fruits & Hops 143 The chief agent of leaf spotting in plums is the organism which causes Bacterial Canker... Eventually the infected parts are killed and drop out, leaving ‘shot holes’.

1976 A. Hellyer Collingridge Encycl. Gardening 259 Small round holes appear in the leaves, a symptom which is sometimes known as shot-hole and was once believed to be a separate disease [from bacterial canker caused by Pseudomonas morsprunorum].

2. archaic. A small hole in a fortified wall through which to shoot. (Often in Scott.)

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [noun] > loophole

loop1393

lancet-loupe1562

loophole1591

barbican1600

eyelet hole1774

arrow slit1789

meurtrière1802

murderess1802

shot-hole1819

arrowlet1837

arrow loop1840

eyelet1851

musket-slit1856

cross-oylet1859

shoot-hole1892

1819 W. Scott Bride of Lammermoor ix, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. I. 254 A small projecting window, or shot-hole, through which, in former days, the warders were wont to reconnoitre those who presented themselves before the gates.

1844 J. H. Stocqueler Hand-bk. India 476 The whole having, in addition to shot-holes, embrasures, &c., an abundance of glazed windows.

3. Mining. A hole bored in the rock in which to insert a blasting-charge.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > mine > [noun] > hole containing blasting-charge

blast hole1747

shot1849

shot-hole1874

1874 J. H. Collins Princ. Metal Mining (1875) ix. 58 Boring machines..for the purpose of boring these ‘shot-holes’.

Compounds

shot-hole borer n. a small bark beetle of the family Scolytidæ, esp. Anisandrus dispar (cf. scolytid n.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Curculionoidea or Rhyncophora > family Scolytidae > member of (bark-beetle)

timber-capricorn1803

timber-beetle1841

bark-borer1859

bark-beetle1862

pin borer1890

scolytid1890

timberman1894

engraver beetle1896

ambrosia beetle1897

pinhole borer1916

shot-hole borer1916

1890 E. A. Ormerod Man. Injurious Insects (ed. 2) 331 I found that the cause of the injury was the ‘Shot-borer’ Beetle (as it is called in America).]

1916 Farmers' Bull. (U.S. Dept. Agric.) No. 763. 2 The shot-hole borers or barkbeetles burrow into the bark.

1927 Sunday Times 13 Feb. 20/4 The Scolytidæ, sometimes called bark-beetles, or shot-hole borers, are a group of tiny beetles with an average length of less than one-eighth of an inch, and most of them are addicted to boring into the trunks and branches of trees.

1968 Oxf. Bk. Insects 190/2 The Shot-hole Borer.., one of the Ambrosia Beetles, is found locally in southern England.

shot-hole disease n. a plant disease characterized by shot-holes in the leaves.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with crop or food plants > various diseases > shot-hole disease or hole caused by

shot-hole1897

shot-hole disease1926

1926 F. D. Heald Man. Plant Dis. xx. 511 The disease [sc. cherry leaf spot] is known by various common names, such as ‘leaf blight’, ‘leaf spot’, ‘yellows’, ‘yellow leaf’, and the ‘shot~hole disease’.

1946 Nature 3 Aug. 147/2 Abscission in shot-hole disease of peach.

shot-hole fungus n. a fungus which causes shot-holes, esp. in certain fruit trees.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > poisonous or harmful plants > harmful or parasitic fungi > [noun] > causing disease in plants

bunt1800

Sclerotium1813

Alternaria1834

oidium1836

Septoria1836

conk1851

Rhizopus1854

snow-mould1855

vine-mildew1855

vine-fungus1857

bramble-brand1867

Microsphaera1871

wood-fungus1876

sphacelia1879

blue mould1882

orange fungus1882

cluster-cup1883

hop-mildew1883

powdery mildew1886

cladosporium1887

shot-hole fungus1897

verdet1897

wound-fungus1897

fusarium1907

verticillium1916

rhynchosporium1918

coral-spot1923

blind-seed fungus1939

sclerotinia1950

1897 W. G. Smith tr. K. F. von Tubeuf Dis. Plants ii. 463 Phyllosticta persicae... The name ‘shot-hole fungus’ has sometimes been applied to this and allied forms.

1906 M. C. Cooke Fungoid Pests 131 A shot-hole fungus has been found lately, several times affecting Peach leaves in this country.

Derivatives

shot-holer n. one who drills shot-holes (sense 3).

ΚΠ

1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) § 072 Shot holer, a driller who drills holes for blasting, by hand or machine.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	shot-hole
释义	shot-holen. Etymology: shot n.¹ 1. a. A hole made by the passage of a shot. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > an opening or aperture > [noun] > a hole bored, pierced, or perforated > other bored, pierced, or perforated holes nail-hole1654 bolt-hole1691 shot-hole1745 pilot hole1891 bullet-hole- society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > [noun] > hole or mark made by shot shot-hole1801 shot-mark1828 bullet-hole- 1745 P. Durell Log 20 May in J. S. McLennan Louisbourg (1918) x. 177 We had several Shott holes in all our sides. 1801 Ld. Nelson Let. 22 Apr. in Dispatches & Lett. (1846) VII. p. ccvii The Infordestein..was desired to be sunk, which she soon was as no person stopped her shot-holes. 1907 J. H. Patterson Man-eaters of Tsavo v. 55 They had..induced one of their fellow workmen to make a few holes like shot holes in their backs. b. transferred. ‘A hole made in wood by a boring insect’ (Webster 1911). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > an opening or aperture > [noun] > a hole bored, pierced, or perforated > hole made by boring worm or insect wormhole1594 shot-hole1972 1889 E. A. Ormerod Rep. Observ. Injurious Insects 94 I found that the injury [to the tree] began by a small hole like a shot-hole in the side of the attacked stem.] 1946 Nature 13 July 52/2 Dry rot..is the result of the operations of fungi, and not of insects—the attacks of the latter being usually discernible by the presence of small pin or ‘shot’ holes in the wood. 1972 Gloss. Terms Timber (B.S.I.) 17 Shothole, a worm-hole usually more than 1·5 mm and not more than 3 mm in diameter. c. A small round hole made in a leaf by a fungus or bacterium; also, a condition in which such holes occur. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with crop or food plants > various diseases > shot-hole disease or hole caused by shot-hole1897 shot-hole disease1926 1897 [see shot-hole fungus n. at Compounds]. 1902 D. McAlpine Fungus Dis. iii. 33 There is a very familiar appearance in the leaves of many of our stone-fruit trees, where they are more or less punctured with round holes, as if riddled with shot; hence the name ‘shot-hole’ applied to the injury. 1926 F. D. Heald Man. Plant Dis. ii. 33 Some varieties are more prone to shot hole whenever localized areas of leaf tissue are killed. 1946 H. Wormald Dis. Fruits & Hops 143 The chief agent of leaf spotting in plums is the organism which causes Bacterial Canker... Eventually the infected parts are killed and drop out, leaving ‘shot holes’. 1976 A. Hellyer Collingridge Encycl. Gardening 259 Small round holes appear in the leaves, a symptom which is sometimes known as shot-hole and was once believed to be a separate disease [from bacterial canker caused by Pseudomonas morsprunorum]. 2. archaic. A small hole in a fortified wall through which to shoot. (Often in Scott.) ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [noun] > loophole loop1393 lancet-loupe1562 loophole1591 barbican1600 eyelet hole1774 arrow slit1789 meurtrière1802 murderess1802 shot-hole1819 arrowlet1837 arrow loop1840 eyelet1851 musket-slit1856 cross-oylet1859 shoot-hole1892 1819 W. Scott Bride of Lammermoor ix, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. I. 254 A small projecting window, or shot-hole, through which, in former days, the warders were wont to reconnoitre those who presented themselves before the gates. 1844 J. H. Stocqueler Hand-bk. India 476 The whole having, in addition to shot-holes, embrasures, &c., an abundance of glazed windows. 3. Mining. A hole bored in the rock in which to insert a blasting-charge. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > mine > [noun] > hole containing blasting-charge blast hole1747 shot1849 shot-hole1874 1874 J. H. Collins Princ. Metal Mining (1875) ix. 58 Boring machines..for the purpose of boring these ‘shot-holes’. Compounds shot-hole borer n. a small bark beetle of the family Scolytidæ, esp. Anisandrus dispar (cf. scolytid n.). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Curculionoidea or Rhyncophora > family Scolytidae > member of (bark-beetle) timber-capricorn1803 timber-beetle1841 bark-borer1859 bark-beetle1862 pin borer1890 scolytid1890 timberman1894 engraver beetle1896 ambrosia beetle1897 pinhole borer1916 shot-hole borer1916 the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Curculionoidea or Rhyncophora > family Scolytidae > anisandrus dispar (shot-hole borer) shot-hole borer1916 1890 E. A. Ormerod Man. Injurious Insects (ed. 2) 331 I found that the cause of the injury was the ‘Shot-borer’ Beetle (as it is called in America).] 1916 Farmers' Bull. (U.S. Dept. Agric.) No. 763. 2 The shot-hole borers or barkbeetles burrow into the bark. 1927 Sunday Times 13 Feb. 20/4 The Scolytidæ, sometimes called bark-beetles, or shot-hole borers, are a group of tiny beetles with an average length of less than one-eighth of an inch, and most of them are addicted to boring into the trunks and branches of trees. 1968 Oxf. Bk. Insects 190/2 The Shot-hole Borer.., one of the Ambrosia Beetles, is found locally in southern England. shot-hole disease n. a plant disease characterized by shot-holes in the leaves. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with crop or food plants > various diseases > shot-hole disease or hole caused by shot-hole1897 shot-hole disease1926 1926 F. D. Heald Man. Plant Dis. xx. 511 The disease [sc. cherry leaf spot] is known by various common names, such as ‘leaf blight’, ‘leaf spot’, ‘yellows’, ‘yellow leaf’, and the ‘shot~hole disease’. 1946 Nature 3 Aug. 147/2 Abscission in shot-hole disease of peach. shot-hole fungus n. a fungus which causes shot-holes, esp. in certain fruit trees. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > poisonous or harmful plants > harmful or parasitic fungi > [noun] > causing disease in plants bunt1800 Sclerotium1813 Alternaria1834 oidium1836 Septoria1836 conk1851 Rhizopus1854 snow-mould1855 vine-mildew1855 vine-fungus1857 bramble-brand1867 Microsphaera1871 wood-fungus1876 sphacelia1879 blue mould1882 orange fungus1882 cluster-cup1883 hop-mildew1883 powdery mildew1886 cladosporium1887 shot-hole fungus1897 verdet1897 wound-fungus1897 fusarium1907 verticillium1916 rhynchosporium1918 coral-spot1923 blind-seed fungus1939 sclerotinia1950 1897 W. G. Smith tr. K. F. von Tubeuf Dis. Plants ii. 463 Phyllosticta persicae... The name ‘shot-hole fungus’ has sometimes been applied to this and allied forms. 1906 M. C. Cooke Fungoid Pests 131 A shot-hole fungus has been found lately, several times affecting Peach leaves in this country. Derivatives shot-holer n. one who drills shot-holes (sense 3). ΚΠ 1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) § 072 Shot holer, a driller who drills holes for blasting, by hand or machine. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1745
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