black beltn.

Brit.

/ˌblak ˈbɛlt/, U.S.

/ˈblæk ˈbɛlt/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: black adj., belt n.¹

Etymology: < black adj. + belt n.¹ In sense 3 after Japanese kuro-obi black belt, martial artist entitled to wear a black belt ( < kuro black + obi belt, sash: see obi n.¹); perhaps compare belt n.¹ 2.

1. Frequently with capital initials. A geographic region having a large concentration of black inhabitants. Also in extended use.Esp. in reference to the Southern states of the United States.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > named regions of earth > America > North America > [noun] > United States > southern states > part where black people are numerous

black belt1868

down home1920

1868 Scott's Monthly Mag. Feb. 67/1 The distinguished speaker retired, with a resolve not to risk himself up in the ‘black belt’ without being thoroughly prepared the next time.

1875 Congress. Rec. Jan. 342/1 During this campaign I made a number of speeches in Georgia. I spoke in what is known as the ‘Black Belt’.

1898 Congress. Rec. Feb. 1594/1 The Fourth Alabama Congressional district..was composed entirely of Black belt counties.

1905 N.Y. Evening Post 21 Nov. 3 The Black Belt has a curiously irregular shape. Extending from Virginia across North and South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, to Mississippi and Southern Louisiana, it stretches a narrow arm across the river and up into southern and central Arkansas.

1935 Crisis May 146/1 An inevitable concomitant of the struggle against plantation slavery and for equal rights in the Black Belt.

1948 Life 5 Jan. 76 He..attended meetings in the Black Belt [of Chicago], in lodge halls over the taverns of the steel-mill district.

1960 Guardian 8 Dec. 8/3 Would it have been possible for you to have lived with your white wife in the North reasonably unmolested? If we had kept within the Black Belt.

2003 Vibe Feb. 144/2 During his many years of scholarship, he traveled through the Black Belt of the South to study the impact of slavery.

2. U.S. A belt of fertile black soil, esp. (also with capital initial) that in the south-eastern United States.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > kind of earth or soil > [noun] > organic soil > humus > chernozem > belt of

black earth1799

black belt1870

1870 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 26 120 The black soil lies in an extensive bed..the black belt running from the head of the Gulf in a north-westerly direction.

1883 E. A. Smith Rep. Geol. Surv. Alabama 1881–2 268 The Black Belt or Canebrake Region. This division of the prairie region is underlaid by the Rotten Limestone before described.

1901 B. T. Washington Up from Slavery 108 The term ‘Black Belt’..was first used to designate a part of the country which was distinguished by the colour of the soil.

1945 Jrnl. Farm Econ. 27 371 The Rendzina soils of the Black Belt of Alabama and Mississippi present another type of situation.

2000 Agric. Hist. 74 732 Another major base-rich group of soils are the vertisols of the Alabama and Mississippi black belt and the black waxy prairie of Texas.

a. Martial Arts. A belt worn by a person who has attained a high degree (popularly, the highest degree) of proficiency; the rank represented by this belt; (also) a person with this rank.Under the coloured belt system for judo invented by Jigoro Kano (see belt n.¹ 2c), the black belt is normally worn by a person with a proficiency of 1st to 5th dan (dan n.⁵).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > martial arts > [noun] > belt

belt1911

black belt1911

brown belt1937

red belt1937

green belt1940

yellow belt?1942

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > martial arts > [noun] > belt > wearer

brown belt1937

black belt1954

1911 Oriental Econ. Rev. 10 Jan. 80/1 There were 1041 men of all grades entitled to wear a black belt and to teach the beginners [judo].

1913 E. J. Harrison Fighting Spirit Japan iv. 59 Costume in the practice of judo... The only outward distinction of rank in the Kano school lies in the colour of the belt... From shodan upwards a black belt is worn.

1954 E. Dominy Teach Yourself Judo vii. 75 If unable to obtain the usual grip, you will find it almost as effective—many Black Belts consider it better—to place one or both your arms outside your opponent's arms.

1960 Oxf. Mail 10 Mar. 8/2 The Cambridge captain, D. J. Mason..a black belt of 1st dan (teacher grade).

1967 ‘J. Munro’ Money that Money can't Buy vii. 81 His black belt Loomis knew all about, but what dan he held was a secret.

2003 Self Def. for Women Fall 34/1 I have two goals: to get my black belt and to open my own fitness center.

b. figurative.

ΚΠ

1965 J. Lawlor in J. Gibb Light on C. S. Lewis 68 Lewis on form..was a Black Belt among novices.

1971 Oakland (Calif.) Sunday Tribune 14 Nov. (Parade section) 35/1 Introducing Fred Astaire recently, he talked about his own dancing prowess: ‘I hold the black belt in dancing.’

1980 Texas Monthly June 193/1 Players with aches and pains often use hot balms such as Deep Heat and Atomic Bomb to ease the discomfort; Capsolin is the black belt of these ointments.

1986 A. Fotheringham Capitol Offences i. 15 The entire enrolment had a black belt in drinking.

1996 Advocate 12 Nov. 59/1 Give..[her] a black belt in media manipulation.

2001 N.Y. Times 9 Oct. (Late ed.) b11/3 There are predictions that it will become a bureaucratic nightmare for a man who is not a bureaucratic black belt.

Compounds

General attributive (in sense 3).

ΚΠ

1921 Japan Advertiser 11 Oct. 6/4 A special ‘black belt’ instructor has been added to the teaching force.

1938 Iola (Kansas) Daily Reg. 8 Dec. 6/6 The foreign squad..includes four members who are ‘black belt’ judo men.

1961 Times 10 Mar. 20/6 Judo.—A black belt tournament.

1977 S. J. Perelman Eastward Ha! v. 73 We too overseas had our impudence experts, black belt masters of chutzpah like Henry Kissinger and George Jessel.

1999 C. Brookmyre One Fine Day in Middle of Night (2000) 175 Working on TV in LA, he'd have to be a black-belt schmoozer.

2001 Tae Kwon Do Mar. 9/4 Ron claims black belt rankings in 5 styles and was promoted to 10th dan..in 1999.

2006 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 25 Nov. (Travel section) 5 Black-belt shoppers only should attempt the next challenge.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	black belt
释义	black beltn. Brit. /ˌblak ˈbɛlt/, U.S. /ˈblæk ˈbɛlt/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: black adj., belt n.¹ Etymology: < black adj. + belt n.¹ In sense 3 after Japanese kuro-obi black belt, martial artist entitled to wear a black belt ( < kuro black + obi belt, sash: see obi n.¹); perhaps compare belt n.¹ 2. 1. Frequently with capital initials. A geographic region having a large concentration of black inhabitants. Also in extended use.Esp. in reference to the Southern states of the United States. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > named regions of earth > America > North America > [noun] > United States > southern states > part where black people are numerous black belt1868 down home1920 1868 Scott's Monthly Mag. Feb. 67/1 The distinguished speaker retired, with a resolve not to risk himself up in the ‘black belt’ without being thoroughly prepared the next time. 1875 Congress. Rec. Jan. 342/1 During this campaign I made a number of speeches in Georgia. I spoke in what is known as the ‘Black Belt’. 1898 Congress. Rec. Feb. 1594/1 The Fourth Alabama Congressional district..was composed entirely of Black belt counties. 1905 N.Y. Evening Post 21 Nov. 3 The Black Belt has a curiously irregular shape. Extending from Virginia across North and South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, to Mississippi and Southern Louisiana, it stretches a narrow arm across the river and up into southern and central Arkansas. 1935 Crisis May 146/1 An inevitable concomitant of the struggle against plantation slavery and for equal rights in the Black Belt. 1948 Life 5 Jan. 76 He..attended meetings in the Black Belt [of Chicago], in lodge halls over the taverns of the steel-mill district. 1960 Guardian 8 Dec. 8/3 Would it have been possible for you to have lived with your white wife in the North reasonably unmolested? If we had kept within the Black Belt. 2003 Vibe Feb. 144/2 During his many years of scholarship, he traveled through the Black Belt of the South to study the impact of slavery. 2. U.S. A belt of fertile black soil, esp. (also with capital initial) that in the south-eastern United States. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > kind of earth or soil > [noun] > organic soil > humus > chernozem > belt of black earth1799 black belt1870 1870 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 26 120 The black soil lies in an extensive bed..the black belt running from the head of the Gulf in a north-westerly direction. 1883 E. A. Smith Rep. Geol. Surv. Alabama 1881–2 268 The Black Belt or Canebrake Region. This division of the prairie region is underlaid by the Rotten Limestone before described. 1901 B. T. Washington Up from Slavery 108 The term ‘Black Belt’..was first used to designate a part of the country which was distinguished by the colour of the soil. 1945 Jrnl. Farm Econ. 27 371 The Rendzina soils of the Black Belt of Alabama and Mississippi present another type of situation. 2000 Agric. Hist. 74 732 Another major base-rich group of soils are the vertisols of the Alabama and Mississippi black belt and the black waxy prairie of Texas. 3. a. Martial Arts. A belt worn by a person who has attained a high degree (popularly, the highest degree) of proficiency; the rank represented by this belt; (also) a person with this rank.Under the coloured belt system for judo invented by Jigoro Kano (see belt n.¹ 2c), the black belt is normally worn by a person with a proficiency of 1st to 5th dan (dan n.⁵). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > martial arts > [noun] > belt belt1911 black belt1911 brown belt1937 red belt1937 green belt1940 yellow belt?1942 society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > martial arts > [noun] > belt > wearer brown belt1937 black belt1954 1911 Oriental Econ. Rev. 10 Jan. 80/1 There were 1041 men of all grades entitled to wear a black belt and to teach the beginners [judo]. 1913 E. J. Harrison Fighting Spirit Japan iv. 59 Costume in the practice of judo... The only outward distinction of rank in the Kano school lies in the colour of the belt... From shodan upwards a black belt is worn. 1954 E. Dominy Teach Yourself Judo vii. 75 If unable to obtain the usual grip, you will find it almost as effective—many Black Belts consider it better—to place one or both your arms outside your opponent's arms. 1960 Oxf. Mail 10 Mar. 8/2 The Cambridge captain, D. J. Mason..a black belt of 1st dan (teacher grade). 1967 ‘J. Munro’ Money that Money can't Buy vii. 81 His black belt Loomis knew all about, but what dan he held was a secret. 2003 Self Def. for Women Fall 34/1 I have two goals: to get my black belt and to open my own fitness center. b. figurative. ΚΠ 1965 J. Lawlor in J. Gibb Light on C. S. Lewis 68 Lewis on form..was a Black Belt among novices. 1971 Oakland (Calif.) Sunday Tribune 14 Nov. (Parade section) 35/1 Introducing Fred Astaire recently, he talked about his own dancing prowess: ‘I hold the black belt in dancing.’ 1980 Texas Monthly June 193/1 Players with aches and pains often use hot balms such as Deep Heat and Atomic Bomb to ease the discomfort; Capsolin is the black belt of these ointments. 1986 A. Fotheringham Capitol Offences i. 15 The entire enrolment had a black belt in drinking. 1996 Advocate 12 Nov. 59/1 Give..[her] a black belt in media manipulation. 2001 N.Y. Times 9 Oct. (Late ed.) b11/3 There are predictions that it will become a bureaucratic nightmare for a man who is not a bureaucratic black belt. Compounds General attributive (in sense 3). ΚΠ 1921 Japan Advertiser 11 Oct. 6/4 A special ‘black belt’ instructor has been added to the teaching force. 1938 Iola (Kansas) Daily Reg. 8 Dec. 6/6 The foreign squad..includes four members who are ‘black belt’ judo men. 1961 Times 10 Mar. 20/6 Judo.—A black belt tournament. 1977 S. J. Perelman Eastward Ha! v. 73 We too overseas had our impudence experts, black belt masters of chutzpah like Henry Kissinger and George Jessel. 1999 C. Brookmyre One Fine Day in Middle of Night (2000) 175 Working on TV in LA, he'd have to be a black-belt schmoozer. 2001 Tae Kwon Do Mar. 9/4 Ron claims black belt rankings in 5 styles and was promoted to 10th dan..in 1999. 2006 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 25 Nov. (Travel section) 5 Black-belt shoppers only should attempt the next challenge. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1868
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