shirtn.

Brit.

/ʃəːt/, U.S.

/ʃərt/

Forms: Old English scyrtan (inflected form), early Middle English schuyrte, early Middle English scurte, early Middle English seorte, early Middle English sseorte, Middle English cert, Middle English cherte, Middle English churt, Middle English schart, Middle English schert, Middle English scherte, Middle English schirte, Middle English schorte, Middle English schuirte, Middle English schurt, Middle English schurte, Middle English schyrt, Middle English schyrte, Middle English schyrtte, Middle English sert, Middle English serte, Middle English shearte, Middle English shortte, Middle English shyrth (Irish English), Middle English sserte, Middle English syerte, Middle English syrte, Middle English 1600s schirt, Middle English–1500s sherte, Middle English–1500s shyrte, Middle English–1600s shirte, Middle English–1600s shurt, Middle English–1600s shurte, Middle English–1600s shyrt, Middle English–1700s shert, Middle English– shirt, 1500s sherth, 1500s shertt, 1500s shertte, 1500s shorte, 1600s shart, 1600s sheirt, 1900s– shairt (English regional (Lancashire)); Scottish pre-1700 schert, pre-1700 schirt, pre-1700 schirte, pre-1700 sheert, pre-1700 shert, pre-1700 shret, pre-1700 shuirtt, pre-1700 1700s shurt, pre-1700 1700s– shirt.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with Middle Dutch schorte apron (Dutch schort ), Middle Low German schörte , schort apron, protective cover, coat, tunic worn under armour, Middle High German schurz apron (German Schurz , Schürze ), Old Icelandic skyrta shirt, Old Swedish skiurta shirt (Swedish skjorta ), Old Danish skiortæ shirt (Danish skjorte ), and probably also West Frisian skerte lap, loins, bosom, and (with suffix: compare -le suffix 1) Old Frisian skertel- (only in the compound skerteldōk apron), all < the same Germanic base as short adj. Compare skirt n.Probably originally denoting a shorter garment in contrast with a longer outer garment. Historically attested garments vary in length but do not extend to cover the lower legs. With sense 3a compare earlier blue shirt n. at blue adj. and n. Compounds 1d. With early use in sense 5 compare post-classical Latin camisia (a1200 in this sense in a British source; see chemise n.). With later use in this sense compare similar expressions in other languages, in particular Italian nato con la camicia fortunate, literally ‘born in a shirt’ (1664 or earlier), Russian rodit′sja v soročke (also rodit′sja v rubaške ) to be born in a shirt (16th cent. or earlier in Old Russian), to be fortunate (18th cent. or earlier). With shirt of mail n. at Phrases 1a compare Middle French, French chemise de maille (15th cent.).

I. A garment for the upper body, and related senses.

a. Originally: a long, loose undergarment covering the torso, arms, and (often) the upper legs (compare chemise n. 1a). Now usually: a garment for the upper body, made from light woven fabric such as cotton, silk, linen, etc., and fastening down the front with buttons, typically having a collar and sleeves which finish in a wristband or cuff.Originally a garment for both men and women, but from the 17th until the late 19th century increasingly with reference to an item of clothing worn almost exclusively by men (compare sense 2b for a similar garment worn by women), although both sexes now wear garments of this type.In quot. OE apparently rendering classical Latin praetexta (noun) toga with purple border, although in the glossed source praetexta is an error for praetextae (past participle used as adjective) in praetextae togae in the same sense (genitive singular; cf. praetexta n.). The gloss perhaps implies that the Old English word here denotes an outer garment, or perhaps more specifically a child's garment, like the Roman praetexta, but the precise sense intended is unclear.See also hair-shirt n., half shirt n., historical shirt n. at historical adj. and n. Compounds 3.

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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > underwear > [noun] > vest or undershirt

chemiseeOE

sarkOE

shirtOE

wyliecoat1478

semmitc1485

commission1567

shift1601

undershirt1648

mish1667

subucula1695

linder1768

surcoat1768

smish1807

under-vest1813

flesh-bag1819

under-tunic1819

vest1851

underfug1924

skivvy1932

wife-beater1993

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt

shirtOE

dicky dirt1898

gansey1968

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > underwear > [noun] > vest or undershirt > for infant

shirtOE

waist1893

OE Prudentius Glosses (Boulogne 189) in H. D. Meritt Old Eng. Prudentius Glosses (1959) 39 Praetexta : scyrtan.

a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 139 He turnde ut of þe burh into wilderne..and ches..Stiue here to shurte and gret sac to curtle.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 191 He yaf ofte his kertel and his sserte to þe poure uor god.

a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 176 Se that youre souerayne haue clene shurt & breche.

1515 Cronycle Englonde (de Worde) i. f. vii^v/1 Hercules..was betrayed by a sherte y^t Deyanira his wyfe sent hym empoysonned.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 267/1 Shirt for a man, chemise.

1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 5 We here saw several Persons, that in the midst of December had nothing over their Shoulders but their Shirts.

1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations II. v. ii. 483 A creditable day-labourer would be ashamed to appear in public without a linen shirt .

1799 H. Mitchell Scotticisms 77 A shirt is a man's under garment; a shift is a woman's. Many of the Scotch use shirt for both.

1869 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend I. ii. i. 163 Bradley Headstone, in his..decent white shirt..looked a thoroughly decent young man.

1921 Amer. Woman Jan. 22/1 (advt.) Two wonderful..Flannel Shirts only $3.69... Perfectly tailored. Cut extra full. Comfortable fitting. Winter weight. Soft turn down collar... For work or semi-dress.

2005 Good Weekend (Austral.) 29 Jan. 31/2 A densely muscled man wearing a blue striped shirt with a white collar and cuffs.

b. With modifying word indicating a shirt worn for a specific purpose. beach shirt, sports shirt, work shirt, etc.: see the first element.

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1563 2nd Tome Homelyes sig. Ggg.iii Whyle one spendeth his patrimonie upon pounces & cuttes, another [printed and other] bestoweth more on a dauncing shirt, then might suffice to bye him honest & comely apparell, for his whole body.

1757 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. IV. 26 For once bathing one pays six creutzers, and five more for the use of a bathing shirt.

1895 Stores' Price List Gentlemen's Lawn Tennis and Cricketing Shirts... Cotton Football Shirts.

1922 Sat. Evening Post 27 Aug. 10/2 Rudd studied his father curiously; erect, his gray hair exactly brushed, his pearls impressive in the fine linen of his dinner shirt.

2002 N.Y. Times Mag. 28 Apr. 93 (advt.) If you've shopped for pro-quality golf shirts recently, you know that prices have skied higher than your score on a windy day.

c. A long shirt or loose garment worn to bed. Compare earlier nightshirt n.Probably originally simply a contextual use of 1a (cf. earlier use of that sense describing a long loose undergarment).

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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > types of > night shirt

nightshirt1657

shirt1681

night shift1690

sleep-coat1948

1681 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 557 Mr. (William) Cardinall hanged himself in his bedchamber on his dore... He had only his shirt and night cap on.

1776 tr. J. Lind Treat. Marsh Fever 64 Their [sc. the patients'] shirts and bedding must be very often changed, and well aired.

1843 E. S. Abdy tr. R. von Falkenstein Water Cure (ed. 2) 140 Shirts and sheets, colder than any unfrozen water can be, are safely worn and lain in by many persons, who, during a hard frost, neither warm their beds nor their shirts.

1981 L. Iribarne tr. C. Milosz Issa Valley 59 Monkiewicz appeared in the doorway, his long nightshirt in shreds. Magdalena had pulled off his blanket and started ripping the shirt off his back.

2003 E. Pattou East (2018) 175 In the morning the nightshirt was neatly folded at the foot of the bed... Each night I laid the shirt out on the side of the bed and every morning it would be folded at the foot.

d. A short undergarment for infants, covering the upper body and typically having short sleeves. Now historical.

ΚΠ

1828 23rd Rep. Brit. & Foreign School Soc. 12 May Appendix 40 55 Infants Caps, 49 Infants Shirts, 9 Infants Bedgowns.

1862 Godey's Lady's Bk. Feb. 179/2 Infant's shirt. Material, fine cambric. The trimming consists of narrow frills of the same simply hemmed over. The upper part has flaps which turn over, back and front.

1906 Delineator Aug. 220/2 An infant's shirts, when made at home, are either of softest baby flannel, or fine linen, nainsook, etc.

1911 Good Health Feb. 187/2 As the baby can only cry when its shirt is torturing it, it is best never to use flannel for the undershirt.

2000 Piecework Nov. 2/1 The lovely hollie-point on an early-nineteenth-century baby's shirt is just one example.

2. As a name for garments resembling a shirt.

a. In some non-Western countries: a long, loose garment resembling a shirt, worn by both men and women, such as a kameez or kurta.

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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > other

overslopOE

golionc1290

jupec1290

herigaut1297

rocketc1300

tabardc1300

rocheta1325

suckeny?a1366

hanselinc1386

slopc1386

stolea1387

houpland1392

frockc1400

gipec1400

under-frock1547

vochette1548

shirt1553

rubashka1587

camis1590

gorbelly1598

kebaya1598

tunic1609

sotana1622

supertunic1626

simar1636

manteau1638

peplum1656

peple1658

semar1673

mantua1678

manty1678

mant1694

vest1700

banian1725

galabiya1725

peplos1738

paletota1796

pellard1799

blouse1828

chiton1850

diploidion1850

shirtwaist1859

camorra1869

diplois1887

smock1907

kurta1913

Punjabi1937

kameez1955

kente cloth1957

camouflage smock1964

kanzu1969

1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Evj Some [inhabitants of Bornei] weare shertes of gossampine cotton, some beastes skinnes.

1673 J. Ogilby Asia 93/1 The Shirts which they [sc. the Mengrelians] wear are wrought with Gold at the bottom and about their Necks, and hang out over their Knees.

1815 M. Elphinstone Acct. Kingdom Caubul ii. vii. 240 The women wear a shirt like that of the men, but much longer. [Note] They call this shirt Cameess.

1954 Middle East Jrnl. 8 433 Original male occupants of the Thal..wear white salwar (trousers) and shirt... Village women customarily wear brilliantly colored salwar and matching shirts.

2001 Boston Globe 30 Sept. (Mag.) 29/3 Gopal Krishna, a software engineer for a North Shore company, has donned a khurta, the traditional long, loose shirt worn for special occasions by Indian men.

b. The bodice or upper part of a woman's dress, esp. one styled to resemble a shirt, having a collar, cuffs, buttons, etc., and usually being somewhat loose-fitting. Compare shirt front n. 1, shirtwaist n. 2. Also: a separate garment in this style, often worn tucked into a skirt (or later, trousers); a blouse. Now chiefly historical.This sense is restricted to garments of a type regarded as exclusively for women. In later use it is therefore not always clearly distinguishable from sense 1, which from the late 19th century broadened to include garments worn by both men and women.

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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > bodice > blouse > types of

jerkinetc1686

shell1802

shirt1840

Garibaldi1862

shirt-bodice1868

Norfolk blouse1869

shirtwaist1871

shirt-blouse1876

guimpe1889

overblouse1889

middy1894

blouse coat1898

pneumonia blouse1902

jumper1908

kimono blouse1908

sailor top1913

buba1937

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > dress, robe, or gown > parts of > part which covers body > types of

shirt1840

1840 Court & Lady's Mag. May 482/1 The shirt of the dress is made to appear like an open robe or tunic.

1896 Westm. Gaz. 9 Apr. 3/1 There is no need for a shirt to be hard and unfeminine because it is called a shirt.

1913 Daily Graphic 24 Mar. 13/2 If a more dressy morning shirt is desired, the chiffon moiré is the favoured fabric.

1974 Los Alamos (New Mexico) Monitor 28 Apr. 8/1 She wore a pink and white checked gingham floor length dress with ruffled shirt.

c. A garment for the upper body, typically made of soft stretchable fabric (sometimes having a short row of buttons at the neck), that is designed to be pulled on over the head, and is widely worn for sport or as casual wear.Sometimes short for football shirt, polo shirt, rugby shirt, T-shirt, etc.: see the first element.

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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > types of > of specific material

hair-shirt1737

hunting-shirt1775

hickory shirt1825

narp1839

regatta shirt1840

boiled shirt1853

shirt1867

undergo1876

Oxford shirt1881

mackinaw shirt1916

Oxford1927

Aertex shirt1937

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > types of > other

bloody shirta1586

ruffle shirt1749

ruffled shirt1754

dicky1781

overshirt1805

camise1812

mill tog1821

boiled shirt1853

Crimean shirt1853

Crimea shirt1857

shirtwaist1859

shirt1867

polo shirt1887

zephyr1887

Ghost Shirt1890

Henley1890

negligée shirt1895

turtle-neck1897

rugby shirt1902

bush shirt1909

tunic shirt1918

safari shirt1921

button-down1924

thousand-miler1929

aloha shirt1936

buba1937

zoot shirt1942

Hawaiian shirt1955

sweater-shirt1964

beach shirt1966

kimono shirt1968

dashiki1969

1867 Routledge's Every Boy's Ann. 489 Every house at Harrow has its own distinguishing cap and shirt in the football field.

1940 Thomasville (Georgia) Times-Enterprise 7 May 6/7 (advt.) Sports Champions by Arrow... These are casual..knit shirts.

1980 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 20 July 8 b/2 One of my kids came home with a shirt that says ‘Kids need love and other stuff’.

2020 South Wales Echo (Nexis) 3 Mar. (Sport section) 46 He pulled up, feeling the top and side of his leg... He subsequently pulled his shirt over his face in clear agony.

3. figurative and in extended use.

a. A person who wears a shirt of a particular colour as an emblem or uniform of a political (esp. nationalist or fascist) party or movement. Frequently with modifying word specifying the colour of the shirt. See also Compounds 2.Recorded earliest in redshirt n. See also Blackshirt n., Brownshirt n.

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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [noun] > wearing other clothing > one who

Court-mantlec1367

Sunday citizen1598

longcoat1603

lettice ruffa1625

silkworma1625

copester1637

short-coat1649

Scotch-sleeve?1706

Evite1713

uniform1786

nude1810

blue-stockinged1818

waistcoateer1825

padder1828

stook of duds1834

bloomer1851

sleeve1851

shirt1860

shirtwaister1900

DJ1926

rat-catcher1928

sweater girl1940

zoot-suiter1942

Edwardian1954

penguin1967

overcoat1969

1860 Times 27 June 10/1 Only the other day I saw one of our red shirts sitting on the parapet of the citadel.

1864 F. Young & W. B. B. Stevens Garibaldi: Life & Times lxxv. 200 Naples had gone mad with joy: men, women, ragamuffins, priests, Redshirts, ex-Bourbon sbirri, lazzaroni,..—all lent their voices to..the general cry of ‘Viva Garibaldi!’.

1922 in L. Thompson Youth's Compan. (1954) 84 The ‘black shirts’ have beaten down Communism by force of arms.

1939 H. G. Wells Holy Terror ii. i. 114 Two purple shirts who had visited his rooms in his second year.

1975 Times Lit. Suppl. 11 Apr. 392/1 Antifalange, a commentary on an apologia for the old shirts of the Spanish fascist movement.

2013 H. Eaton Origins & Onset Romanian Holocaust iv. 45 Fascist shirts destroyed offices and machinery..and beat up so-called Judeo-Bolshevik journalists.

b. Sport (originally North American). In plural. In an informal game played without different team colours: the members of the team who play in shirts to distinguish themselves from the opposing team who have removed them. Opposed to skin n. 22.

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society > leisure > sport > match or competition > [noun] > types of

all comersc1450

after-gamea1500

fore-game1594

revenge1616

plate1639

set-to1743

return match1753

bye1754

scrub-race1791

anybody's game (also race, match)1826

return1834

barney1843

bonspiel1858

handicap1861

pennant1865

home-and-home1868

benefit match1871

run-off1873

international1877

American tournament1878

Grand Prix1879

single1884

friendly1885

all-comers1889

pair1890

championship1893

round robin1894

replay1895

Olympiad1896

junior varsity1902

lightning tournament1903

rematch1903

road trip1903

pickup1905

freestyle1906

marathon1908

test1908

Derby1909

scrimmage1910

eliminator1911

twosome1911

triala1914

quadrangular1916

slug-fest1916

varsity match1921

needle contest1922

curtain jerker1923

needle match1923

open1926

needle fight1927

knock-out1928

shirt1930

masters1933

pro-amateur1934

tune-up1934

World Cup1934

pro-am1937

state1941

sizzler1942

runathon1943

mismatch1954

run-out1955

match-up1959

squeaker1961

triple-header1961

Super Bowl1967

invitational1968

needle game1970

major1976

slobberknocker1986

1930 E. M. Draper & G. M. Smith Intramural Athletics & Play Days iii. 25 Four ways of meeting this problem are: 1. To have one team remove shirts. The game then becomes ‘skins versus shirts’ [etc.].

1994 I. Botham My Autobiogr. vi. 112 We did not have any bibs so it was to be skins against shirts.

2006 Winnipeg Sun (Nexis) 6 Mar. s8 Shirts and skins on an Olympic-sized piece of pavement with regulation boards.

4. Often with modifying word. The shirt of a particular sports team or club, used as a symbol to represent (membership of) that team or club. to wear the shirt: to play for a particular team. to play for the shirt: to play solely for the benefit of one's club or team, rather than for personal glory, money, etc. Cf. cap n.¹ 4f.

ΚΠ

1969 Daily Mail 15 Feb. 14 Whatever shirt I wear we [sc. twin brothers] will be bound to run across each other some time.

1989 Times (Nexis) 27 May (Football section) [He] has been lectured sternly on discipline by the manager. ‘I don't expect anybody who wears the England shirt to behave like that.’

1994 Advertiser (Adelaide) (Nexis) 2 June That year, the players were prepared to just play for the shirt and the honor of the club.

2018 MailOnline (Nexis) 6 Oct. (Football section) For almost three quarters of this match.., his players played as if they had no love for their boss and no pride in their shirt.

II. An inner casing or covering.

5. The amnion (innermost of the membranes enveloping the fetus in the uterus); (in later use) spec. this membrane, or a piece of it, covering the upper part of a newborn baby (regarded as a sign of good fortune in many cultures). Cf. caul n.¹ 5b.

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the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > embryo or fetus > membranes, etc., of embryo or fetus > [noun] > membranes enclosing

houve1530

kell1530

cotyledon1540

chorion1545

coif1545

hoop-caul1545

shirt1545

caul1547

sillyhow1574

biggin1611

guard1611

allantoides1615

allantois1615

allantoid1633

amnios1657

amnion1667

heam1681

vitta1693

indusium1706

silly-hood1836

1545 T. Raynald in tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde i. sig. H.viii The mydwifes communelye call it the coyfe or byggyn of the chylde, and sum call it the chyldes sherte.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Agneliere, th' inmost of the three membranes which enwrap a wombe-lodged infant; called by some Midwiues..the childs shirt.

1910 T. S. Malkiel Diary Shirtwaist Striker 94 I must have been born in a shirt, am what people would call a fortune child.

1941 B. Field in Accent Autumn 17 The neighbors, the merchants on the block, and all the others who cared to listen were told that a child born in a shirt means the greatest of good fortune.

2012 S. Kingshill & J. Westwood Fabled Coast 402 These fragments of tissue have gone by various names, some of which, such as ‘shirts’ and ‘cloaks’, indicate that they have been known to cover most of the infant's top half.

6. In commercial use: an inner layer of wrapping around a bale of some commodity (in later use esp. raw silk). Now rare.

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the world > space > relative position > condition of being internal > [noun] > lining

underlining1580

shirt1640

lining1713

inlayer1868

liner1959

1640 in E. B. Sainsbury Cal. Court Minutes E. India Company 1640–43 (1909) 75 That the Company is much prejudiced by allowing sugars to be ‘tared in the gunny’ instead of the buyers taking them ‘in their shirts’.

1812 J. Smyth Pract. of Customs ii. 182 It sometimes happens, that a bale [sc. of silk] is stripped of its outside covering, leaving only what is called a shirt.

1818 G. G. Carey Compl. Syst. Theoret. & Mercantile Arith. 234 (table) Goats Wool... In bales, 1 lb. draft per bale, and 4 lb. tare per cwt., for the shirt.

1918 Silk 11 69/1 The shirt weight, that is, the weight of the bale with the rush covers removed... The ‘shirt and rope’ weighed Ko. 0.31 and the ‘paper and string’ on the books weighed Ko. 0.99, making a total tare of Ko. 1.30.

1941 Purchase Contract in Cases U.S. Court of Claims 130 (1955) 67 1. Four bales [of raw silk] conditioned weight. 2. Six bales shirt weight.

†7. Metallurgy. The innermost layer of a blast furnace, constructed from heat-resistant firebricks and separated by a space from the outer layers of ordinary brick. Obsolete.The space permits expansion of the inner layer and is typically filled with sand or slag.

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the world > space > relative position > condition of being internal > [noun] > lining > of other specific structures

shirt1839

1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 689 The erection of a pair of blast furnaces, of 40 feet high each..requires for building each, 160,000 common bricks for the outside work, 3900 fire-bricks for the lining or shirt of the furnace, and 825 for the boshes.

1868 F. H. Joynson Metals in Constr. 16 The internal lining or shirt of the furnace.

1890 W. M. Williams Chem. Iron & Steel Making v. 85 The modern blast furnace..constructed of substantial masonry braced with iron and lined with a ‘shirt’ of refractory material such as fire-brick.

Phrases

P1. Noun phrases with of.

shirt of mail n. later historical a shirt or jacket made from chain mail and worn as armour; = mail-shirt n.

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society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > body armour > [noun] > coat of mail or corselet

ring netOE

burnec1050

briniec1175

hauberk1297

coatc1300

bryn1330

habergeon1377

jackc1380

doublet of defence (or fence)1418

petticoatc1425

gesteron1469

byrnie1488

coat of fence1490

corset1490

corse1507

sark of mail1515

plate-coat1521

shirt of mail1522

mail-coat1535

corslet1563

costlet1578

pewter coat1584

cataphract1591

pyne doublet1600

sponge1600

coat-armour1603

brace1609

coat of arms1613

frock of mail1671

mail-shirt1816

mail-sark1838

1522 in Hist. MSS Comm.: 10th Rep.: App. Pt. V: MSS Marquis of Ormonde &c. (1885) 400 in Parl. Papers 1884–5 (C. 4576-I) XLII. 1 No kynde of armor, as shorte of maylle.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Iacquemard, a coat, or shirt of maile.

1864 W. W. Skeat tr. J. L. Uhland Songs & Ballads 356 How shall a maid's weak hand avail To make thee, my father, a shirt of mail?

2008 C. Paolini Brisingr 36 From his bags, Eragon removed his shirt of mail and unwrapped the length of sackcloth he had stored it in.

shirt of hair n. a shirt made from haircloth, as worn by penitents or ascetics.Frequently in literary or poetic contexts; hair-shirt is otherwise usually the preferred term.

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society > faith > aspects of faith > piety > asceticism or mortification > [noun] > garment of

cilicec950

shirt of hair1527

haircloth1548

hair-shirt1737

society > faith > artefacts > lay garments > items of attire > [noun] > penitential garment

hairec825

cilicec950

sackc1000

hauberkc1305

habergeonc1386

sackclotha1400

shirt of hair1527

shriving cloth1534

haircloth1548

sanbenito1568

white sheet1570

penitential robea1625

sack gown1693

samarra1731

hair-shirt1737

repentance-gown1896

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [noun] > made from specific material > hair > as penitential clothing

cilicec950

shirt of hair1527

haircloth1548

society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > penance > [noun] > garment of

hairec825

cilicec950

sackc1000

hauberkc1305

habergeonc1386

sackclotha1400

shirt of hair1527

shriving cloth1534

haircloth1548

sanbenito1568

white sheet1570

penitential robea1625

sack gown1693

samarra1731

hair-shirt1737

1527 Lydgate's Fall of Princes (Pynson) ix. ix. f. cci/1 Shortes of heer [?a1439 Bodl. 263 sharp heires, 1494 de Worde short heires] were also layde asyde Turned to copes of purple and sanguyne.

c1540 Image Ipocrysy iv, in J. Skelton Poet. Wks. (1843) II. 441/2 Some were shurtes of heres.

1781 W. Cowper Truth 81 In shirt of hair and weeds of canvass dress'd,..See the sage hermit.

1991 Poetry 157 261 A stone woman eroded by tears bird-boned her face like a wrinkled leaf she's grief in her long shirt of hair.

shirt of fire (also flame) n. poetic used with reference to the body being enveloped by flames, or to death by burning. N.E.D. (1914), citing only quot. 1853, gives the definition as ‘the tunica molesta (Juvenal Sat. viii. 235), a tunic “smeared with inflammable materials” (Seneca Ep. xiv. 5) in which persons condemned to death by burning were enveloped’, but evidence is lacking that the phrase has been used in this literal sense.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > [noun] > burning > tunic worn

shirt of fire1649

1649 tr. Alcoran xxii. 204 The Infidels shall be encompassed with flames of Hell, they shall have shirts of fire, boyling water shall flow in upon their heads.

1853 A. Smith Life-Drama ii, in Poems 20 Like a pale martyr in his shirt of fire.

1909 Votes for Women 18 June 819/1 Whether the old-time martyr, in his 'shirt of flame', was either a dignified or beautiful figure to the lookers-on is a question.

2007 Greece & Rome 54 235 A tortuous journey..will climax in the hero's immolation by the shirt of fire.

P2.

†a. to (also into, unto) one's (also the) shirt: as far as one's undershirt; naked except for an undershirt. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adverb] > in specific way

to (also into, unto) one's (also the) shirtc1300

in or of (a) suitc1325

in ragsa1350

in (also on) one's shirtc1380

in suit of or with1389

thinlya1400

in suit with1488

finely?1552

raggedly1552

smoothly1579

garish1590

briskly1592

in one's waistcoat1607

in mourning1621

in cuerpoa1640

in gala1757

airily1768

plain1808

in mufti1816

in, on one's stocking-soles1827

seedily1837

in beaver1840

back to front1869

dowdily1887

dossily1903

head-to-toe1946

sharp1951

sharply1965

understatedly1972

c1300 Holy Cross (Laud) l. 489 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 15 His cloþes he caste of euer-ech-on A-non to is schurte and to is briech.

a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) iii. l. 1099 And of he rente al to his bare sherte.

a1500 (?a1390) J. Mirk Festial (Gough) (1905) 251 (MED) Þen þys Emperoure..dyspoylut hym to his schorte.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. xx. 25 b The prease was so greate..some of them..were stripped intoo their shyrtes.

1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 226 [They] were all stript to the shirt as soon as they had been taken.

1692 R. L'Estrange Fables cxxvii. 118 A Prodigal Young Fellow that had sold his Cloths to his very Shirt.

b. in (also †on) one's shirt: in one's undergarments or night attire; without one's outer garments; without one's coat and waistcoat. Compare in (one's) shirtsleeves.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adverb] > in specific way

to (also into, unto) one's (also the) shirtc1300

in or of (a) suitc1325

in ragsa1350

in (also on) one's shirtc1380

in suit of or with1389

thinlya1400

in suit with1488

finely?1552

raggedly1552

smoothly1579

garish1590

briskly1592

in one's waistcoat1607

in mourning1621

in cuerpoa1640

in gala1757

airily1768

plain1808

in mufti1816

in, on one's stocking-soles1827

seedily1837

in beaver1840

back to front1869

dowdily1887

dossily1903

head-to-toe1946

sharp1951

sharply1965

understatedly1972

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 1942 Lef þou sengle on þy scherte, & bar-fot þou most go.

a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) iv. l. 96 Saue of a doughter þat I lafte allas Slepynge..Allas I ne hadde y-brought here in here sherte.

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) II. 612 And therewithall sir Lamerok lepte oute of the bed in his shurte.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. lxiij Then came in the poore younglinges..bounde in ropes..one after another in their shertes, & euery one a halter about his neck.

?1592 Trag. Solyman & Perseda sig. A4^v Where in my shirt but with my single Rapier, I combated a Romane.

1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 691 Ile do it in my shyrt .

1602 T. Kyd Spanish Trag. iii. sig. H4 Bring mee foorth in my shirt, and my gowne vnder myne arme.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) iv. vii. 49 And worke in their shirt to, as my selfe for example, that am a butcher.

1744 ‘J. Love’ Cricket i. 4 (note) The robust Cricketer, plays in his Shirt.

1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian ii, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. I. 59 The officer..escaped out of his bed-room window, and fled in his shirt.

1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. iv. iv. 230 General Dumouriez,..finds the street covered with ‘four or five thousand citizens in their shirts’.

2014 A. Alexander Smuggler wore Silk xii. 109 He had removed his coat, cravat and vest, and was dressed now only in his shirt.

†c. since (also ere, etc.) shapen was my shirt and variants: since or before a person was born, especially with reference to something regarded as predestined or ordained before one's birth. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > source or principle of life > birth > [adverb] > since before I was born

since (also ere, etc.) shapen was my shirtc1405

the mind > will > necessity > fate or destiny as determining events > beyond human control [phrase] > decreed before one's birth

since (also ere, etc.) shapen was my shirtc1405

c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 708 That shapen was my deeth erst than my sherte.

c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1879) l. 2629 Syn fyrst that day that shapyn was myn sherte..So nygh myn herte neuere thyng ne com As thow.

a1542 T. Wyatt Coll. Poems (1969) v. 2 Alas..The carefull chaunce, shapen afore my shert.

?1664 W. Guthrie Serm. ii. 26 When they reflect upon his predetermining Counsels, as thus, this was even ordained for me, before coat or shirt were shapen for me.

†(a) not to have a shirt: to own very little, to possess not even basic necessities. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > poverty > be poor [verb (intransitive)] > be or become extremely poor

not to have a shirtc1405

to come to buckle and bare thong1546

to arrive at one's fingers' ends1579

to have most fingers1677

c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Wife of Bath's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1159 I holde hym riche al hadde he nat a sherte.

1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker I. 171 I'm a poor Wiltshire lad.—I ha'n't a shirt in the world.

1915 W. F. Hargreaves Burlington Bertie from Bow (sheet music) 5 I'm Bert, Bert, I haven't a shirt, but my people are well off, you know!

(b) not a shirt to (also on) one's back and variants: (almost) no goods or possessions, not even basic necessities.

ΚΠ

1607 E. Sharpham Fleire ii. sig. E^v I haue heard some say, you were a verie needie Knight, and that you had but one shirt to your backe when you came first to this towne.

1665 R. Brathwait Comment Two Tales Chaucer 186 Admit he be not worth a Shirt to his back, he has Wealth enough, who holds himself content.

1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall (1787) III. xxxi. 202 (note) Augustus had neither glass to his windows, nor a shirt to his back.

1879 G. H. Wayte Prospecting 99 I landed in England with just the shirt on my back.

1923 T. Dreiser Color of Great City 34 Fifteen years ago to-day I was a poor, dispirited, broken-down tramp sitting on a bench in a park, not a shirt to my back.

2004 T. Barnard Making Grand Figure viii. 251 A freeholder from Corofin, denounced as ‘a common beggar’, without a shirt to his back.

(c) the shirt off (or on) one's back: (in hyperbolic phrases) one's last remaining possessions, everything one owns. Chiefly in to give (someone) the shirt off one's back: to give (a person) everything one has; (hence) to do anything for someone.

ΚΠ

1762 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy VI. xxvi. 112 I would give the shirt off my back to be burnt into tinder, were it only to satisfy one feverish enquirer.

1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker I. 87 He would give away the shirt off his back.

1925 W. N. Burns Saga Billy the Kid 67 He was a free-hearted, generous boy. He'd give a friend the shirt off his back.

1980 Times 7 Oct. 10/5 One day this industry will have the shirt off my back.

2013 R. Cox Orphan Moon 199 Albert's a fine man. He would give the shirt off his back if he knew you had the need.

†e.

(a) one's shirt: used as the type of what is closest to a person, either physically or in terms of privacy, secrecy, etc. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > distance > nearness > [noun] > that which or one who is near > type of what is nearest to one

one's shirt1440

1440 J. Capgrave Life St. Norbert (1977) l. 1566 (MED) Thouȝ þing be neuyr so pryuy hid vndir schert, It may not be hid fro goddis brith yȝe.

c1450 C. d'Orleans Poems (1941) 179 (MED) Forto take yow nere me then my shert.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry IV f. xx The kyng began..to muse on this request, and not without a cause, for in dede it touched him as nere as his sherte, as you well may perceiue by the Genealogy.

1654 in C. H. Firth Clarke Papers (1899) III. 12 The designe is secrett, knowne to the designer onely, whoe saith if hee thought his shirt knew it hee would burne it.

(b) not to tell one's shirt: to keep a matter strictly secret, not to tell a soul. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > keep quiet about [phrase]

to keep or hold (a matter) counsel (later in counsela1400

to keep secret1399

to keep (something) dark1532

to draw a veil over1582

not to tell one's shirt1586

to keep one's (own) counsel1604

to put (also keep) in one's pocketa1616

to name no names1692

to make a secret of1738

to keep (‥) snug1778

to clap, put, or keep the thumb on1825

to wash one's dirty linen at home, in public1867

to hold back1956

to sweep (also brush, kick, etc.) (something) under the rug1956

to get it off one's chest1961

to sweep (or push) (something) under the carpet1963

1586 Earl of Leicester Corr. (1844) 291 I will warrant him hanged..but you must not tell your shirt of this yet.

1637 J. Shirley Example iv. sig. F3 I'de make him an example, I'le not tell My shirt on't.

(c) near is my shirt but nearer is my skin and variants: a person's own needs and interests take precedence over those of those of his or her closest friends or relatives.Cf. c1450 at shirt v. 1.

ΚΠ

?1577 A. Bourcher Worthy Myrour (single sheet) Neerer is my Skin, then Shirte.

1614 T. Godwin Romanæ Historiæ Anthologia ii. iii. v. 83 Close sitteth my shirt, but closer sitteth my skinne.

1712 J. Arbuthnot Lewis Baboon 25 My Shirt (quoth he) is near me, but my Skin in nearer: Whilst I take care of the Welfare of other Folks, no body can blame me, to apply a little Balsam to my own Sores.

1890 T. H. Hall Caine Bondman x. 207 ‘We can't trust you,’ said Thurstan... ‘What! Not your own brother?’ said Jacob. “Near is my shirt, but nearer is my skin,” as the saying is.’

1970 H. Arendt On Violence 78 Self-interest, when asked to yield to ‘true’ interest—that is, the interest of the world as distinguished from that of the self—will always reply, Near is my shirt, but nearer is my skin.

f. (as) pale (or white) as one's shirt and variants: abnormally pale, especially from fear, anxiety, etc. Compare as white (or pale) as a sheet at sheet n.¹ 3c.

ΚΠ

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet ii. i. 82 Pale as his shirt, his knees knocking each other,..he comes before me.

1776 S. J. Pratt Pupil of Pleasure II. lxxvi. 66 The postboy brought me the note, trembling like a leaf and white as a shirt, protesting most fervently that he could not help the accident.

1847 G. Lippard Quaker City II. vi. iv. 479 Poodle grew red in the face, and then pale as his shirt bosom.

1896 A. E. Housman Shropshire Lad lxii. 94 They shook, they stared as white's their shirt.

1922 Everybody's June 48/1 She went as white as my shirt-front when she saw me.

1988 J. K. Keefer Constellations i. 105 Claire, pale as her shirt, walks up to father and daughter, offering congratulations.

2002 A. C. Thorne Leave Dishes in Sink vi. 128 Wynne's face was as white as his shirt. He smiled weakly and said, ‘I seemed to have fainted.’

g. colloquial.

(a) Originally Betting. to put one's shirt on: to bet all one's money on a winner, outcome, etc.; to be sure of. Similarly also to bet (also stake) one's shirt (that).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > bet on [verb (transitive)]

back1697

to put one's money on1847

to put one's shirt on1856

play1858

lump1864

lay1877

stand1877

to get on ——1884

to bet (also stake) one's shirt (that)1892

to go a (or the) bundle on1938

1856 Liverpool Mercury 29 Sept. 3/1 ‘Put your shirt on’ is expressive of great confidence in backing a horse, and literally means to stake all you have, even to your shirt, on the result.

1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 30 Mar. 6/2 Bet thee my shirt Aunty Jane wins.

1938 E. Bowen Death of Heart i. i. 25 He had not foreseen ever having to put his shirt on either [woman].

1954 T. S. Eliot Confidential Clerk ii. 63 Marriage is a gamble. But I'm a born gambler And I've put my shirt—no, not quite the right expression—Lucasta's the most exciting speculation I've ever thought of investing in.

2013 Bristol Post (Nexis) 9 Dec. 20 I was persuaded to put my shirt on a dead cert at a horse racing day out.

(b) to lose one's shirt: to lose all one's money on a gamble, investment, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > loss > be lost [verb (intransitive)] > suffer loss > lose everything

to lose one's shirt1910

1910 Ticker & Investm. Digest Jan. 111/2 Many a follower of the average plan bought on margin in the March and October (1907) panic days and lost his shirt in November.

1935 E. B. Mann Thirsty Range xi. 144 He hit the market..about the time the bottom dropped out of it. He lost his shirt!

2002 N.Y. Times 16 June iv. 13/6 Rove..worries about Enron as..an economic calamity in which thousands of people lost their shirts and their jobs.

h. colloquial.

(a) to get a person's shirt out: to cause a person to lose his or her temper. Also to get one's shirt out: to lose one's temper; to be irritable, bad-tempered, or annoyed. Compare shirty adj. 1. Frequently Australian in later use (now somewhat rare).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (transitive)] > make angry

wrethec900

abelgheeOE

abaeileOE

teenOE

i-wrathec1075

wratha1200

awratha1250

gramec1275

forthcalla1300

excitea1340

grieve1362

movea1382

achafea1400

craba1400

angerc1400

mada1425

provokec1425

forwrecchec1450

wrothc1450

arage1470

incensea1513

puff1526

angry1530

despite1530

exasperate1534

exasper1545

stunt1583

pepper1599

enfever1647

nanger1675

to put or set up the back1728

roil1742

outrage1818

to put a person's monkey up1833

to get one's back up1840

to bring one's nap up1843

rouse1843

to get a person's shirt out1844

heat1855

to steam up1860

to get one's rag out1862

steam1922

to burn up1923

to flip out1964

1844 Lloyd's Weekly London Newspaper 18 Aug. 7/5 Wags..frequently annoy him..in order to ‘get his shirt out’ (as it is termed); and they succeeded.

1932 P. G. Wodehouse Louder & Funnier 113 Sure he knows you know, Bill... Don't get your shirt out.

1956 T. Ronan Moleskin Midas i. 38 What've I done to make youse all get your shirts out?

(b) Originally U.S. keep your shirt on: used to urge a person not to lose his or her temper, or to remain calm. Compare to keep one's hair on at hair n. Phrases 11.Probably originating in the practice by which men took their shirts off in order to fight with their fists.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > calmness > self-possession or self-control > maintain self-control [verb (intransitive)]

to keep one's countenance1470

to get above ——1603

to keep one's head1717

keep your shirt on1844

to keep one's hair on1883

to keep one's wool1890

not to bat an eye, eyelid1904

to keep one's pants on1928

to play it cool1955

to keep (also blow, lose) one's cool1964

1844 Ohio Democrat (New Philadelphia) 18 Apr. (headline) Keep your shirts on Feds.

1850 Spirit of Times 12 Jan. 553/3 Thomp. Shell on, old man! More where that came from. Count out! Make haste, or I'll have my note back—(making a demonstration of impatience). Tyson. Well, just keep your shirt on, will you?

1904 W. H. Smith Promoters i. 15 I'll tell you how, if you'll keep your shirt on.

1945 Chambers's Jrnl. Oct. 554/1 Okay, okay—keep your shirt on. Let's see what can be done.

1981 P. Theroux Mosquito Coast xi. 131 ‘Keep your shirt on,’ Father shouted.

2013 M. K. Obison Holy Pagan iii. 22 Keep your shirt on mate. I've told you, this anger of yours will do you in one of these days.

Compounds

C1. General use as a modifier (chiefly in sense 1), as in shirt breast, shirt collar, shirt cuff, shirt pocket, etc.

ΚΠ

1557 F. Seager Schoole of Vertue in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 338 Thy shyrte coler fast to thy necke knyt.

1793 True Briton 4 Feb. He..had on a blue coat, and other apparel decently good; silver plated buckles, and silver studs to his shirt wrists, marked D. E.

1846 E. Bulwer-Lytton Lucretia I. i. i. 17 The diamond in his shirt-breast.

1853 G. J. Whyte-Melville Digby Grand xxiii Enormous shirt-cuffs..called attention to the hands.

1919 R. Mitchel Shakespeare for Community Players 77 Ornament may be applied at the shirt hem, at the neck and to the hem of the short sleeves.

1962 L. Deighton Ipcress File xxiii. 150 The very young soldier reached into his shirt pocket.

2014 T. C. Boyle in New Yorker 17 Mar. 60/1 My best friend..turned up his shirt collars and wore his hair in a..pompadour .

C2. As a modifier, designating political (esp. nationalist or fascist) parties, movements, organizations, etc., whose members wear shirts of a particular colour. See sense 3a. Now historical.

ΚΠ

1931 Times of India 7 July 7/2 The Shirt movement has again increased about Peshawar and in the country northward of Peshawar.

1934 Times 28 Feb. 15/5 I beg leave to point out that our election law requires to be brought up to date, since it was framed at a time when the political ‘shirt’ parties were undreamt of.

1940 E. A. Walker S. Afr. 23 Latterly more than one anti-Semitic ‘shirt’ movement has arisen owing a good deal to German encouragement and example.

2014 O. Bashkin in I. Gershoni Arab Responses to Fascism & Nazism vi. 153 Thabit supported the spread of militarism among the Iraqi youth and even viewed the shirt organizations in a favorable light.

C3. With participles, agent nouns, and verbal nouns, forming compounds in which shirt expresses the object of the underlying verb, as in shirt-ironing, shirt-making, shirt-mending (adjectives and nouns); shirt ironer, shirt maker, shirt washer, etc.

ΚΠ

1851 G. E. Jewsbury Let. 26 Aug. in Sel. Lett. to J. W. Carlyle (1892) 421 I am in the midst of shirt-mending.

a1854 E. Grant Mem. Highland Lady (1988) I. xvi. 33 Shirt making as my Mother taught the art, cutting with such accuracy, fitting to a nicety.., it was a lesson in itself.

?1881 Census Eng. & Wales: Instr. Clerks classifying Occupations & Ages (?1885) 75 Hosiery Manufacture... Shirt Knitter.

1893 Laundry Managem. (ed. 2) 80 Some of the shirt ironers [sc. machines] have..a good-sized iron, heated by steam or gas.

1897 19th Cent. Aug. 203 Londonderry..[with] its shirt-making industry.

1902 Daily Chron. 24 July 9/4 Laundry.—A good shirt washer wanted.

1909 Daily Chron. 23 Jan. 8/3 Rotary Shirt Washer (Good secondhand, brass cylinder), wanted.

2005 C. Gatrell Hard Labour 127 Given that shirt-ironing may be seen as metaphorical of wifework.., it is significant that only one woman was prepared to iron her husband's shirts herself.

C4. See also shirtsleeve n., shirttail n., etc.

shirt band n. the neckband or collar of a shirt (= band n.² 4); (also) English regional (northern) the wristband or cuff of a shirt.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > part of > collar

shirt band1532

band1568

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > part of > other

slip1648

side-bit1825

shirt band1828

1532–3 Act 24 Henry VIII c. 13 §1 in Statutes of Realm (1963) III. 431 That no servyngman..shall weare any shirte or shirte bande..made or wrought with Silke Golde or Silver.

1659 in F. Collins Wills & Admin. Knaresborough Court Rolls (1905) II. 236 1 shirt, 1 shirtband.

1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Shirt-band, the wrist-band of a shirt.

1907 E. Rickert Golden Hawk xx. 160 A gush of..milk..trickling in warm currents between his neck and his shirt-band.

2011 National Post (Canada) (National ed.) (Nexis) 29 Sept. (Issues & Ideas section) a15 Despite being tired and uncomfortable from a tight-fitting shirt band, [he]..gave a rousing partisan speech that was broadcast across the country.

shirt-blouse n. †(a) (probably) a long loose garment for a toddler, gathered around the waist (Obsolete); (b) a loose buttoned blouse for women, styled to resemble a shirt; compare shirtwaist n. 2.In sense (b) now usually simply called a shirt.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > bodice > blouse > types of

jerkinetc1686

shell1802

shirt1840

Garibaldi1862

shirt-bodice1868

Norfolk blouse1869

shirtwaist1871

shirt-blouse1876

guimpe1889

overblouse1889

middy1894

blouse coat1898

pneumonia blouse1902

jumper1908

kimono blouse1908

sailor top1913

buba1937

1876 Lady Barker Let. 10 May in Lippincott's Monthly Mag. Sept. 327/1 The babies came swarming round, and very fat and jolly they all looked in their nice cotton frocks or shirt-blouses.

1903 Delineator Apr. 801/1 Ladies' tucked shirt-waist or shirt-blouse.

1993 F. Moorhouse Grand Days (1994) 362 She wore a shirt-blouse buttoned down the front, a large floppy bow tie, and a long jacket almost to her knees.

shirt-bodice n. now historical the bodice or upper part of a dress, esp. one styled to resemble a shirt, having a collar, cuffs, buttons, etc., and usually somewhat loose-fitting; a separate garment in this style, worn tucked into a skirt (= sense 2b).

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > bodice > blouse > types of

jerkinetc1686

shell1802

shirt1840

Garibaldi1862

shirt-bodice1868

Norfolk blouse1869

shirtwaist1871

shirt-blouse1876

guimpe1889

overblouse1889

middy1894

blouse coat1898

pneumonia blouse1902

jumper1908

kimono blouse1908

sailor top1913

buba1937

1868 Hull Packet & E. Riding Times 24 Jan. 7/1 The children had made chair covers, shirt bodices, stockings, garters, nightgowns, drawers, &c.

1907 E. M. Sellar Recoll. & Impr. xii. 161 From Brussels I brought home for the little girls red and blue shirt-bodices and skirts.

1992 D. Bond Glamour in Fashion iii. 69/1 More of the new designs featured dresses with fuller-cut shirt bodices trimly belted into the waist.

shirt bosom n. U.S. in later use the front part of a shirt; (also) a detachable insert designed to resemble the front of a formal shirt when worn beneath a jacket or waistcoat; = bosom n. 3d.The more usual term is now shirt front, although compare also dicky n.¹ 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > part of > front

shirt bosom1748

shirt front1826

front1843

bosom1863

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > part of > front > detached

half-shirt1661

sham1721

shirtee1805

dicky1807

shirt front1830

front1843

shirt bosom1858

plastron1888

vestee1904

1748 T. C. Phillips Apol. Conduct II. vi. 238 (table) A Diamond Buckle for Shirt Bosom.

1833 J. Neal Down-easters I. 3 His collar turned back, and his shirt-bosom all open to the waist.

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 342/1 Shirt-front, a dickey, or loose shirt bosom.

2002 Amer. Stud. Internat. 40 62 The Chinese laundries ironed collars and shirt bosoms by a machine which was propelled by hand rather by belt power.

shirt case n. a small travelling case designed to carry one or more folded shirts in such a way as to avoid creasing or crumpling.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > a journey > [noun] > luggage > travelling bag > hand-held

mailc1275

clothesack1393

cloak-bagc1540

portmanteau1553

valance?a1562

pockmanty1575

cap-case1577

cloak-bearer1580

night baga1618

valisea1630

toilet1656

Roger1665

shirt case1823

weekend case1827

carpet-bag1830

holdall1851

handbag1859

suitcase1873

sample case1875

gripsack1877

case1879

grip1879

Gladstone (bag)1882

traveller1895

vanity-case1913

luggage1915

revelation1923

two-suiter1923

overnight bag1925

one-suiter1933

suiter1933

overnight case1934

Samsonite1939

flight bag1943

Pullman1946

grip-bag1958

overnighter1959

carry-on1960

Vuitton1975

go bag1991

1823 Imperial Gaz. 6 Sept. 239/2 It was not a shirt-case properly speaking—that was to say, a case to contain a shirt.

1910 Fabrics, Fancy Goods & Notions Dec. 10/1 This new shirt case, which is intended to contain from three to six shirts, is made of lambskin leather and lined with tan moire silk.

2009 South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) (Nexis) 5 July (Mag.) 26 Bottega Veneta has added a range of rubber canvas pieces..to its Marco Polo line of luggage. Items include hard case-trolleys, totes and a handy shirt case.

shirt cloth n. a piece of cloth of a type used for making shirts; fabric of this type; compare shirting n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric for specific purpose > [noun] > for clothing > for blouses or shirts > piece of

shirt cloth1469

blouse length1910

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric for specific purpose > [noun] > for clothing > for blouses or shirts

shirting1604

sarkingc1650

shirt cloth1691

1469 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 351 Item, I send ȝow ij scherte clothys, iche of iij ȝardys of þe fynest þat is in thys towne.

1540 in J. W. Clay Testamenta Eboracensia (1902) VI. 118 To Thomas Dransfelde a shirte cloithe, to John Coupe a shert clothe.

1691 E. Rawson & S. Sewall Revol. New Eng. Justified 25 Three Cartloads of Merchants goods, trucking Cloath and Cotton Cloath, and Shirt Cloath, and other goods.

1910 Encycl. Brit. VII. 277/1 Shirt-cloth is the term more commonly applied to what is actually used in the manufacture of shirts.

2001 E. M. Göknar tr. O. Pamuk My Name is Red (2002) xv. 83 Come get..my Bursa velvet sash cloth, my superb silk-edged Egyptian shirt cloth.

shirt-collared adj. (a) that wears a shirt collar; (b) (now chiefly) having a collar like that of a shirt.In quot. 1850 probably with reference to a wing collar (wing collar n. at wing n. Compounds 2).

ΚΠ

1850 Home Jrnl. (N.Y.) 30 Mar. The high-shirt-collared dignity un-aired by travel.

1946 Seventeen Aug. 111/1 A soft, all-wool checked loose jacket.., has a single-breasted, shirt-collared front.

2016 Evening Standard (Nexis) 28 Apr. (ES Mag.) 23 The zip-front, shirt-collared jacket is a classic—and helps keep off the chill on summer evenings.

shirt cutter n. a worker who cuts out the fabric for making shirts.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > making other clothing > [noun] > making blouses or shirts > one who > one who carries out specific process

shirt cutter1836

1836 Times 6 July 2/1 (advt.) To shirt cutters.—Wanted, a man of experience as a shirt cutter, in a wholesale house of business.

1909 Daily News 7 Jan. 7/1 I was a shirt-cutter by trade.

2000 B. Paleczny Clothed in Integrity Pref. p. xxiv Mom worked at Forsythe's shirt factory where she met my father, John Paleczny, a shirt cutter.

shirt dress n. (a) a dress which is gathered at the waist and has a bodice or upper part designed to resemble a shirt, having buttons down the front and (typically) a collar; = shirtwaister n.; (b) a dress resembling a long shirt, typically one worn with a belt, and having a collar and buttons down its length.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > dress, robe, or gown > types of > shirt-waist dress

shirt dress1875

shirtwaist dress1897

shirtmaker1926

shirtwaister1935

1875 Tamworth Herald 4 Sept. Troy has a ladies' boat club, the fair members of which are attired in neat white waists, broad-brimmed hats, and ordinary shirt-dresses.

1935 Charleston (S. Carolina) Daily Mail 1 Aug. 4/1 Summer shirt dresses with buttonholes as nicely done as the ones on your husband's best dress shirt, collars with neat points that stay down.., and yokes copied from men's shirts.

1957 Times 12 May 21/5 Shirtdress Revival... a new town-perfect, holiday-perfect version with easy button-through fastening from neck to hem, and exciting billowing skirt.

2015 L. Williamson Art of being Normal (2016) xxxv. 253 I take out my outfit, a green shirt dress with a belt and buttons up the front.

shirt dresser n. now historical a person (usually a woman) whose job is to wash shirts and make them ready for wearing.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > [noun] > finishers of specific type of laundry

shirt dresser1854

collar-dresser1890

1854 Morning Chron. 19 Jan. 8/2 John Schus'er, a robust and dissipated-looking man, described as a shirt dresser, was charged..with having cruelly maltreated and threatened the life of his wife.

1867 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products (1892) Suppl. Shirt Dresser, a laundress who washes and prepares shirts for wear.

2013 Galpin Soc. Jrnl. 66 92 Louisa Hubbard (née Roberts)... Shirt dresser when first married, then pianoforte silker.

† shirt dressing n. Obsolete the business of washing shirts and making them ready for wear.

ΚΠ

1858 Glasgow Herald 16 Aug. (advt.) Public work to let. Suited for Starch or Gum Manufactory, Bleaching, Printing, Shirt Dressing.

1888 Moonshine 14 Apr. 178/1 I once kept a large shirt-dressing establishment.

† shirt frame n. Obsolete a machine built upon or within a framework and used in the manufacture of cloth for shirts.

ΚΠ

1846 Standard 31 Oct. The shirt trade, especially in the county of Leicester, is immense. The same may be said of Lower Picardy, which is studded with shirt frames.

1910 Textile Amer. Sept. 32/3 A shirt frame, 54 inches in circumference, with 32 feeders making ten revolutions of 297,000 loops per minute. This machine needs 100 pounds of yarn daily.

shirt frill n. now historical a detachable decorative ruffle, typically made of lace, and worn (typically by a man) over the front closure of a shirt (and sometimes also on the cuffs).

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > part of > frill

chitterling1576

shirt frill1802

shirt ruffle1808

jabot1823

1802 Gaz. U.S. (Philadelphia) 2 Nov. The shirt frills are worn with double plaits.

2012 Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 28 Sept. (Mag.) 90 The son of a Scottish shoemaker, [John Thomas] Smith was a friendly publican who cut an impressive figure in his distinctive white hat, shirt frills and cutty pipe.

† shirt-gills n. humorous (Obsolete) the upwardly projecting points of a stand-up collar.

ΚΠ

1851 in Bucks Herald 26 July 7/4 (stage direct.) Grunting as if to clear his throat, and arranging his shirt-gills, &c.

1885 C. E. Cameron In Grass Country (1886) xxxv. 287 ‘Well, Tom, you must own he's handsomer than you.’ ‘Not quite so ugly, perhaps,’ admitted Tom, with some reluctance, pulling up his shirt-gills with importance.

† shirt-gown n. Scottish (Obsolete rare) the bodice of a dress.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > bodice

lyfkie1578

bodicea1625

waist1816

shirt-gown1889

1889 A. J. Ellis On Early Eng. Pronunc. V. 725/2 A brave [smart] shirt-gown [bodice] all besprinkled with mud.

shirt-jac n. (also shirt-jak) chiefly U.S. and Caribbean a loose-fitting jacket styled like a shirt, especially in having a turndown collar; = shirt-jacket n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > jacket > other

duffel coat1683

duffel jacket1732

petenlair1753

grego1767

wamus1805

camisole1816

over-jacket1830

matinee1851

Zouave1859

paletot1863

blazer1880

Norfolks1902

letter sweater1914

letter jacket1934

bomber jacket1940

shirt-jac1944

samfu jacket1955

guru jacket1966

Mao jacket1967

1944 Daily Ardmoreite (Ardmore, Okla.) 21 Dec. 2/5 (advt.) All wool plaid shirt-jac..$7.90.

1973 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 28 Feb. 1/1 The shirt-jac, made of suiting material, has been recommended as an alternative form of Parliamentary dress.

2009 Toronto Star (Nexis) 21 Feb. (Life section) l1 Wolsky has dressed leading man Leonardo DiCaprio in tie bars, a Ricky Ricardo-style shirt-jac, and high-rise trousers.

shirt-jacket n. later chiefly U.S. (originally, apparently) a lightweight jacket fastening down the front; (later) a loose-fitting jacket styled like a shirt, especially in having a turndown collar.In early quots. the exact style of garment intended is unclear.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > jacket > loose

baju1820

shirt-jacket1826

camisole1847

Norfolk jacket1866

jigger1957

1826 tr. Reign of Terror II. 404 I was obliged to strip to my shirt jacket, however unbeseeming the costume.

1975 Daily News (N.Y.) 26 July 12 Many leisure suits have shirt-jackets rather than the traditional jacket.

2009 J. Kellerman True Detectives viii. 67 A loose brown linen shirt-jacket.

shirt lap n. now somewhat rare (chiefly British regional) the lower part of a shirt, extending below the waist, esp. at the back; = shirttail n.; see lap n.¹ 1a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > part of > tail(s)

shirt lapc1300

shirttail1659

tails1845

c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Laud) (1901) l. 1244 Hys schirt lappe [a1350 Harl. shurte lappe] he gan take And wiped awey þat blake.

1856 ‘G. Eliot’ Scenes Clerical Life ii Tell the most impassioned orator, suddenly, that his wig is awry, or his shirt-lap hanging out,..and you would infallibly dry up the spring of his eloquence.

2003 Lincs. Echo (Nexis) 16 Sept. 32 The shirt laps had been cut off to give a straight edge.

shirtman n. colloquial (later historical) a colonial rifleman during the American War of Independence. [Apparently so called on account of their long fringed rifle shirts: see rifle shirt n. at rifle n.³ Compounds 7.]

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > rifleman

hunter1753

rifleman1764

shirtman1775

jäger1776

yager1804

bersagliere1862

shootist1864

rifle1933

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by nationality > [noun] > American > specific

Jersey blue1758

shirtman1775

Yorker1776

buckskin1783

Indian fighter1824

blue belly1827

greyback1854

Zouave1860

Zou-Zou1860

greycoat1861

grey1862

Johnny1862

Johnny Reb1862

blue1870

blue coat1885

dogface1932

society > armed hostility > warrior > armed man > [noun] > one armed with or using firearm > one bearing or using handgun > rifle

hunter1753

rifleman1764

rifler1775

shirtman1775

jäger1776

yager1804

rifle shot1826

bersagliere1862

1775 Pennsylvania Gaz. 16 Aug. 2/3 The damn'd shirtmen, as they are emphatically called by some of his [sc. Lord Dunmore's] minions.

1929 M. C. Clement Hist. Pittsylvania County Virginia (2001) 150 Dunmore did not desert his post at the capitol until it was reported to him that the shirtmen were marching on Williamsburg.

2015 K. Gale M. Lewis i. 3 George Rogers Clark..became one of the greatest heroes of the Revolutionary War and the most famous of all the Virginia shirtmen.

shirt number n. the number on the shirt of a member of a sports team, used to identify the individual wearing it.In some sports, such as Association Football, specific shirt numbers are traditionally (and were originally) related to certain positions in the team or on the field.

ΚΠ

1923 Shortridge Daily Echo (Shortridge High School, Indianapolis) 8 Jan. 4/1 ‘Big Six’ Sherman, so named for his height and shirt number, played a well balanced game.

2016 Premium Official News Newswire (Nexis) 17 Nov. She was fielded at full-back for the German youth teams. This explains her shirt number, which is uncharacteristic for a winger.

shirt pin n. an ornamental pin used across the neck of a shirt, (later) spec. one comprising a metal bar inserted through holes on either side of the collar, under the tie, and fastened by screwing a small metal ball on either end, worn to keep the points of the collar together and to elevate the knot of the tie.Also known as a collar bar, collar pin.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > brooch or pin > [noun] > worn on specific article of clothing

tasselc1330

shirt pin1775

tie-pin1780

prop1850

scarf-pin1859

spark-prop1879

1775 Public Advertiser 25 Apr. (advt.) Picked up at a Door near St. James's, about a Month since, a Diamond Pin, commonly used as a Shirt Pin or Stay-hook.

1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xiii. 107 He was attracted by a handsome shirt-pin in a jeweller's window.

2014 J. Nevius & M. Nevius Footpr. in N.Y. x. 147 Tweed wore a $15,000 diamond shirt pin.

shirt-pulling n. the action of pulling at another person's shirt; spec. (Sport, chiefly Association Football) this as a form of unlawful, rough, or foul play, aimed at slowing or unbalancing an opponent.Recorded earliest as a modifier.

ΚΠ

1908 Boston Sunday Post 9 Feb. Among the customary contests..none is more amusing than what is known as the shirt-pulling contest... The one who comes behind seeks to pull the shirt of the nearest man ahead.

1950 Daily Mail 22 May 8/3 Play grew rough in the second half... The Portuguese did some ankle-tapping and shirt-pulling.

2019 Sun (National ed.) (Nexis) 19 Nov. (Features section) 43 The more I see shirt-pulling in football, the more it sickens me. It's blatant cheating.

shirt ruffle n. a decorative frill on the front of a (formal) shirt, typically one worn by a man; = shirt frill n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > part of > frill

chitterling1576

shirt frill1802

shirt ruffle1808

jabot1823

1808 Caledonian Mercury 12 Dec. Plaited shirt ruffle, with a pebble breast-pin.

1892 A. E. Lee Hist. Columbus I. 735 Kneebreeches were abandoned, and the shirtruffles were reduced.

2001 New Eng. Rev. 22 95 The guy was easy to recognize; he was the one wearing a tuxedo with baby-blue shirt ruffles.

shirt sponsor n. a person or organization that sponsors a sports team or sportsperson in return for the right to advertise (typically with a logo) on the shirts of the team or individual.

ΚΠ

1982 Daily Mail 9 Dec. 37/1 Spurs could have shirt sponsors early in the New year.

2020 Guardian (Nexis) 10 Jan. (Sports section) Evans..will go to the Australian Open seeded for the first time—but without a shirt sponsor.

shirt sponsorship n. sponsorship of a sports team or sportsperson in return for the right to advertise (typically with a logo) on the shirts of the team or individual.

ΚΠ

1977 Irish Times 20 Sept. 3/3 Ballymena are the second Irish League club to be given permission to use shirt sponsorship—last year Cliftonville broke the ice.

1999 Northern Echo 20 Aug. 28 Table tennis: Darlington are hoping to mark a new shirt sponsorship deal with Butterfly with victory in Europe tonight.

2020 Daily Star Online (Nexis) 28 July Liverpool could earn a staggering £80m per year from their new Nike shirt sponsorship.

shirt-tugging adj. and n. (a) adj. that tugs at a person's (or one's own) shirt; (b) n. the action of tugging at another person's shirt, esp. (in Sport) as a form of unlawful, rough, or foul play; = shirt-pulling n.

ΚΠ

1934 Washington Post 8 July m13 Belt-pulling, shirt-tugging, nervous Monte Weaver.

1949 Derby Evening Tel. 28 Apr. 8/1 Persistent and deliberate ankle-tapping, elbow-jabbing and shirt-tugging are just a shade too revolting even for our hardened soccer stomachs.

1998 Toronto Star (Nexis) 17 Nov. (Sports section) Andrew Robertson..is brought down by a shirt-tugging Mike O'Leary..during a soggy playoff game.

2020 MailOnline (Nexis) 2 May (Football section) Zidane had complained about his constant shirt-tugging.

Derivatives

'shirt-like adj. resembling a shirt.

ΚΠ

1824 J. M. Sherer Scenes & Impressions Egypt & Italy 69 The turbans, the cloaks, the folding garments, or open loose shirt-like vests.

1866 J. Doolittle Social Life Chinese (new ed.) I. xiii. 345 A shirt-like garment, made of very fine iron wire..is put on the prisoner.

2004 New Yorker 5 Jan. 50/1 Like most Saudi men, he wore the white thobe a shirtlike gown that reached his ankles.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2021; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	shirt
释义	shirtn. Brit. /ʃəːt/, U.S. /ʃərt/ Forms: Old English scyrtan (inflected form), early Middle English schuyrte, early Middle English scurte, early Middle English seorte, early Middle English sseorte, Middle English cert, Middle English cherte, Middle English churt, Middle English schart, Middle English schert, Middle English scherte, Middle English schirte, Middle English schorte, Middle English schuirte, Middle English schurt, Middle English schurte, Middle English schyrt, Middle English schyrte, Middle English schyrtte, Middle English sert, Middle English serte, Middle English shearte, Middle English shortte, Middle English shyrth (Irish English), Middle English sserte, Middle English syerte, Middle English syrte, Middle English 1600s schirt, Middle English–1500s sherte, Middle English–1500s shyrte, Middle English–1600s shirte, Middle English–1600s shurt, Middle English–1600s shurte, Middle English–1600s shyrt, Middle English–1700s shert, Middle English– shirt, 1500s sherth, 1500s shertt, 1500s shertte, 1500s shorte, 1600s shart, 1600s sheirt, 1900s– shairt (English regional (Lancashire)); Scottish pre-1700 schert, pre-1700 schirt, pre-1700 schirte, pre-1700 sheert, pre-1700 shert, pre-1700 shret, pre-1700 shuirtt, pre-1700 1700s shurt, pre-1700 1700s– shirt. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Middle Dutch schorte apron (Dutch schort ), Middle Low German schörte , schort apron, protective cover, coat, tunic worn under armour, Middle High German schurz apron (German Schurz , Schürze ), Old Icelandic skyrta shirt, Old Swedish skiurta shirt (Swedish skjorta ), Old Danish skiortæ shirt (Danish skjorte ), and probably also West Frisian skerte lap, loins, bosom, and (with suffix: compare -le suffix 1) Old Frisian skertel- (only in the compound skerteldōk apron), all < the same Germanic base as short adj. Compare skirt n.Probably originally denoting a shorter garment in contrast with a longer outer garment. Historically attested garments vary in length but do not extend to cover the lower legs. With sense 3a compare earlier blue shirt n. at blue adj. and n. Compounds 1d. With early use in sense 5 compare post-classical Latin camisia (a1200 in this sense in a British source; see chemise n.). With later use in this sense compare similar expressions in other languages, in particular Italian nato con la camicia fortunate, literally ‘born in a shirt’ (1664 or earlier), Russian rodit′sja v soročke (also rodit′sja v rubaške ) to be born in a shirt (16th cent. or earlier in Old Russian), to be fortunate (18th cent. or earlier). With shirt of mail n. at Phrases 1a compare Middle French, French chemise de maille (15th cent.). I. A garment for the upper body, and related senses. 1. a. Originally: a long, loose undergarment covering the torso, arms, and (often) the upper legs (compare chemise n. 1a). Now usually: a garment for the upper body, made from light woven fabric such as cotton, silk, linen, etc., and fastening down the front with buttons, typically having a collar and sleeves which finish in a wristband or cuff.Originally a garment for both men and women, but from the 17th until the late 19th century increasingly with reference to an item of clothing worn almost exclusively by men (compare sense 2b for a similar garment worn by women), although both sexes now wear garments of this type.In quot. OE apparently rendering classical Latin praetexta (noun) toga with purple border, although in the glossed source praetexta is an error for praetextae (past participle used as adjective) in praetextae togae in the same sense (genitive singular; cf. praetexta n.). The gloss perhaps implies that the Old English word here denotes an outer garment, or perhaps more specifically a child's garment, like the Roman praetexta, but the precise sense intended is unclear.See also hair-shirt n., half shirt n., historical shirt n. at historical adj. and n. Compounds 3. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > underwear > [noun] > vest or undershirt chemiseeOE sarkOE shirtOE wyliecoat1478 semmitc1485 commission1567 shift1601 undershirt1648 mish1667 subucula1695 linder1768 surcoat1768 smish1807 under-vest1813 flesh-bag1819 under-tunic1819 vest1851 underfug1924 skivvy1932 wife-beater1993 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt shirtOE dicky dirt1898 gansey1968 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > underwear > [noun] > vest or undershirt > for infant shirtOE waist1893 OE Prudentius Glosses (Boulogne 189) in H. D. Meritt Old Eng. Prudentius Glosses (1959) 39 Praetexta : scyrtan. a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 139 He turnde ut of þe burh into wilderne..and ches..Stiue here to shurte and gret sac to curtle. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 191 He yaf ofte his kertel and his sserte to þe poure uor god. a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 176 Se that youre souerayne haue clene shurt & breche. 1515 Cronycle Englonde (de Worde) i. f. vii^v/1 Hercules..was betrayed by a sherte y^t Deyanira his wyfe sent hym empoysonned. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 267/1 Shirt for a man, chemise. 1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 5 We here saw several Persons, that in the midst of December had nothing over their Shoulders but their Shirts. 1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations II. v. ii. 483 A creditable day-labourer would be ashamed to appear in public without a linen shirt . View more context for this quotation 1799 H. Mitchell Scotticisms 77 A shirt is a man's under garment; a shift is a woman's. Many of the Scotch use shirt for both. 1869 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend I. ii. i. 163 Bradley Headstone, in his..decent white shirt..looked a thoroughly decent young man. 1921 Amer. Woman Jan. 22/1 (advt.) Two wonderful..Flannel Shirts only $3.69... Perfectly tailored. Cut extra full. Comfortable fitting. Winter weight. Soft turn down collar... For work or semi-dress. 2005 Good Weekend (Austral.) 29 Jan. 31/2 A densely muscled man wearing a blue striped shirt with a white collar and cuffs. b. With modifying word indicating a shirt worn for a specific purpose. beach shirt, sports shirt, work shirt, etc.: see the first element. ΚΠ 1563 2nd Tome Homelyes sig. Ggg.iii Whyle one spendeth his patrimonie upon pounces & cuttes, another [printed and other] bestoweth more on a dauncing shirt, then might suffice to bye him honest & comely apparell, for his whole body. 1757 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. IV. 26 For once bathing one pays six creutzers, and five more for the use of a bathing shirt. 1895 Stores' Price List Gentlemen's Lawn Tennis and Cricketing Shirts... Cotton Football Shirts. 1922 Sat. Evening Post 27 Aug. 10/2 Rudd studied his father curiously; erect, his gray hair exactly brushed, his pearls impressive in the fine linen of his dinner shirt. 2002 N.Y. Times Mag. 28 Apr. 93 (advt.) If you've shopped for pro-quality golf shirts recently, you know that prices have skied higher than your score on a windy day. c. A long shirt or loose garment worn to bed. Compare earlier nightshirt n.Probably originally simply a contextual use of 1a (cf. earlier use of that sense describing a long loose undergarment). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > types of > night shirt nightshirt1657 shirt1681 night shift1690 sleep-coat1948 1681 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 557 Mr. (William) Cardinall hanged himself in his bedchamber on his dore... He had only his shirt and night cap on. 1776 tr. J. Lind Treat. Marsh Fever 64 Their [sc. the patients'] shirts and bedding must be very often changed, and well aired. 1843 E. S. Abdy tr. R. von Falkenstein Water Cure (ed. 2) 140 Shirts and sheets, colder than any unfrozen water can be, are safely worn and lain in by many persons, who, during a hard frost, neither warm their beds nor their shirts. 1981 L. Iribarne tr. C. Milosz Issa Valley 59 Monkiewicz appeared in the doorway, his long nightshirt in shreds. Magdalena had pulled off his blanket and started ripping the shirt off his back. 2003 E. Pattou East (2018) 175 In the morning the nightshirt was neatly folded at the foot of the bed... Each night I laid the shirt out on the side of the bed and every morning it would be folded at the foot. d. A short undergarment for infants, covering the upper body and typically having short sleeves. Now historical. ΚΠ 1828 23rd Rep. Brit. & Foreign School Soc. 12 May Appendix 40 55 Infants Caps, 49 Infants Shirts, 9 Infants Bedgowns. 1862 Godey's Lady's Bk. Feb. 179/2 Infant's shirt. Material, fine cambric. The trimming consists of narrow frills of the same simply hemmed over. The upper part has flaps which turn over, back and front. 1906 Delineator Aug. 220/2 An infant's shirts, when made at home, are either of softest baby flannel, or fine linen, nainsook, etc. 1911 Good Health Feb. 187/2 As the baby can only cry when its shirt is torturing it, it is best never to use flannel for the undershirt. 2000 Piecework Nov. 2/1 The lovely hollie-point on an early-nineteenth-century baby's shirt is just one example. 2. As a name for garments resembling a shirt. a. In some non-Western countries: a long, loose garment resembling a shirt, worn by both men and women, such as a kameez or kurta. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > other overslopOE golionc1290 jupec1290 herigaut1297 rocketc1300 tabardc1300 rocheta1325 suckeny?a1366 hanselinc1386 slopc1386 stolea1387 houpland1392 frockc1400 gipec1400 under-frock1547 vochette1548 shirt1553 rubashka1587 camis1590 gorbelly1598 kebaya1598 tunic1609 sotana1622 supertunic1626 simar1636 manteau1638 peplum1656 peple1658 semar1673 mantua1678 manty1678 mant1694 vest1700 banian1725 galabiya1725 peplos1738 paletota1796 pellard1799 blouse1828 chiton1850 diploidion1850 shirtwaist1859 camorra1869 diplois1887 smock1907 kurta1913 Punjabi1937 kameez1955 kente cloth1957 camouflage smock1964 kanzu1969 1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Evj Some [inhabitants of Bornei] weare shertes of gossampine cotton, some beastes skinnes. 1673 J. Ogilby Asia 93/1 The Shirts which they [sc. the Mengrelians] wear are wrought with Gold at the bottom and about their Necks, and hang out over their Knees. 1815 M. Elphinstone Acct. Kingdom Caubul ii. vii. 240 The women wear a shirt like that of the men, but much longer. [Note] They call this shirt Cameess. 1954 Middle East Jrnl. 8 433 Original male occupants of the Thal..wear white salwar (trousers) and shirt... Village women customarily wear brilliantly colored salwar and matching shirts. 2001 Boston Globe 30 Sept. (Mag.) 29/3 Gopal Krishna, a software engineer for a North Shore company, has donned a khurta, the traditional long, loose shirt worn for special occasions by Indian men. b. The bodice or upper part of a woman's dress, esp. one styled to resemble a shirt, having a collar, cuffs, buttons, etc., and usually being somewhat loose-fitting. Compare shirt front n. 1, shirtwaist n. 2. Also: a separate garment in this style, often worn tucked into a skirt (or later, trousers); a blouse. Now chiefly historical.This sense is restricted to garments of a type regarded as exclusively for women. In later use it is therefore not always clearly distinguishable from sense 1, which from the late 19th century broadened to include garments worn by both men and women. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > bodice > blouse > types of jerkinetc1686 shell1802 shirt1840 Garibaldi1862 shirt-bodice1868 Norfolk blouse1869 shirtwaist1871 shirt-blouse1876 guimpe1889 overblouse1889 middy1894 blouse coat1898 pneumonia blouse1902 jumper1908 kimono blouse1908 sailor top1913 buba1937 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > dress, robe, or gown > parts of > part which covers body > types of shirt1840 1840 Court & Lady's Mag. May 482/1 The shirt of the dress is made to appear like an open robe or tunic. 1896 Westm. Gaz. 9 Apr. 3/1 There is no need for a shirt to be hard and unfeminine because it is called a shirt. 1913 Daily Graphic 24 Mar. 13/2 If a more dressy morning shirt is desired, the chiffon moiré is the favoured fabric. 1974 Los Alamos (New Mexico) Monitor 28 Apr. 8/1 She wore a pink and white checked gingham floor length dress with ruffled shirt. c. A garment for the upper body, typically made of soft stretchable fabric (sometimes having a short row of buttons at the neck), that is designed to be pulled on over the head, and is widely worn for sport or as casual wear.Sometimes short for football shirt, polo shirt, rugby shirt, T-shirt, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > types of > of specific material hair-shirt1737 hunting-shirt1775 hickory shirt1825 narp1839 regatta shirt1840 boiled shirt1853 shirt1867 undergo1876 Oxford shirt1881 mackinaw shirt1916 Oxford1927 Aertex shirt1937 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > types of > other bloody shirta1586 ruffle shirt1749 ruffled shirt1754 dicky1781 overshirt1805 camise1812 mill tog1821 boiled shirt1853 Crimean shirt1853 Crimea shirt1857 shirtwaist1859 shirt1867 polo shirt1887 zephyr1887 Ghost Shirt1890 Henley1890 negligée shirt1895 turtle-neck1897 rugby shirt1902 bush shirt1909 tunic shirt1918 safari shirt1921 button-down1924 thousand-miler1929 aloha shirt1936 buba1937 zoot shirt1942 Hawaiian shirt1955 sweater-shirt1964 beach shirt1966 kimono shirt1968 dashiki1969 1867 Routledge's Every Boy's Ann. 489 Every house at Harrow has its own distinguishing cap and shirt in the football field. 1940 Thomasville (Georgia) Times-Enterprise 7 May 6/7 (advt.) Sports Champions by Arrow... These are casual..knit shirts. 1980 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 20 July 8 b/2 One of my kids came home with a shirt that says ‘Kids need love and other stuff’. 2020 South Wales Echo (Nexis) 3 Mar. (Sport section) 46 He pulled up, feeling the top and side of his leg... He subsequently pulled his shirt over his face in clear agony. 3. figurative and in extended use. a. A person who wears a shirt of a particular colour as an emblem or uniform of a political (esp. nationalist or fascist) party or movement. Frequently with modifying word specifying the colour of the shirt. See also Compounds 2.Recorded earliest in redshirt n. See also Blackshirt n., Brownshirt n. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [noun] > wearing other clothing > one who Court-mantlec1367 Sunday citizen1598 longcoat1603 lettice ruffa1625 silkworma1625 copester1637 short-coat1649 Scotch-sleeve?1706 Evite1713 uniform1786 nude1810 blue-stockinged1818 waistcoateer1825 padder1828 stook of duds1834 bloomer1851 sleeve1851 shirt1860 shirtwaister1900 DJ1926 rat-catcher1928 sweater girl1940 zoot-suiter1942 Edwardian1954 penguin1967 overcoat1969 1860 Times 27 June 10/1 Only the other day I saw one of our red shirts sitting on the parapet of the citadel. 1864 F. Young & W. B. B. Stevens Garibaldi: Life & Times lxxv. 200 Naples had gone mad with joy: men, women, ragamuffins, priests, Redshirts, ex-Bourbon sbirri, lazzaroni,..—all lent their voices to..the general cry of ‘Viva Garibaldi!’. 1922 in L. Thompson Youth's Compan. (1954) 84 The ‘black shirts’ have beaten down Communism by force of arms. 1939 H. G. Wells Holy Terror ii. i. 114 Two purple shirts who had visited his rooms in his second year. 1975 Times Lit. Suppl. 11 Apr. 392/1 Antifalange, a commentary on an apologia for the old shirts of the Spanish fascist movement. 2013 H. Eaton Origins & Onset Romanian Holocaust iv. 45 Fascist shirts destroyed offices and machinery..and beat up so-called Judeo-Bolshevik journalists. b. Sport (originally North American). In plural. In an informal game played without different team colours: the members of the team who play in shirts to distinguish themselves from the opposing team who have removed them. Opposed to skin n. 22. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > match or competition > [noun] > types of all comersc1450 after-gamea1500 fore-game1594 revenge1616 plate1639 set-to1743 return match1753 bye1754 scrub-race1791 anybody's game (also race, match)1826 return1834 barney1843 bonspiel1858 handicap1861 pennant1865 home-and-home1868 benefit match1871 run-off1873 international1877 American tournament1878 Grand Prix1879 single1884 friendly1885 all-comers1889 pair1890 championship1893 round robin1894 replay1895 Olympiad1896 junior varsity1902 lightning tournament1903 rematch1903 road trip1903 pickup1905 freestyle1906 marathon1908 test1908 Derby1909 scrimmage1910 eliminator1911 twosome1911 triala1914 quadrangular1916 slug-fest1916 varsity match1921 needle contest1922 curtain jerker1923 needle match1923 open1926 needle fight1927 knock-out1928 shirt1930 masters1933 pro-amateur1934 tune-up1934 World Cup1934 pro-am1937 state1941 sizzler1942 runathon1943 mismatch1954 run-out1955 match-up1959 squeaker1961 triple-header1961 Super Bowl1967 invitational1968 needle game1970 major1976 slobberknocker1986 1930 E. M. Draper & G. M. Smith Intramural Athletics & Play Days iii. 25 Four ways of meeting this problem are: 1. To have one team remove shirts. The game then becomes ‘skins versus shirts’ [etc.]. 1994 I. Botham My Autobiogr. vi. 112 We did not have any bibs so it was to be skins against shirts. 2006 Winnipeg Sun (Nexis) 6 Mar. s8 Shirts and skins on an Olympic-sized piece of pavement with regulation boards. 4. Often with modifying word. The shirt of a particular sports team or club, used as a symbol to represent (membership of) that team or club. to wear the shirt: to play for a particular team. to play for the shirt: to play solely for the benefit of one's club or team, rather than for personal glory, money, etc. Cf. cap n.¹ 4f. ΚΠ 1969 Daily Mail 15 Feb. 14 Whatever shirt I wear we [sc. twin brothers] will be bound to run across each other some time. 1989 Times (Nexis) 27 May (Football section) [He] has been lectured sternly on discipline by the manager. ‘I don't expect anybody who wears the England shirt to behave like that.’ 1994 Advertiser (Adelaide) (Nexis) 2 June That year, the players were prepared to just play for the shirt and the honor of the club. 2018 MailOnline (Nexis) 6 Oct. (Football section) For almost three quarters of this match.., his players played as if they had no love for their boss and no pride in their shirt. II. An inner casing or covering. 5. The amnion (innermost of the membranes enveloping the fetus in the uterus); (in later use) spec. this membrane, or a piece of it, covering the upper part of a newborn baby (regarded as a sign of good fortune in many cultures). Cf. caul n.¹ 5b. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > embryo or fetus > membranes, etc., of embryo or fetus > [noun] > membranes enclosing houve1530 kell1530 cotyledon1540 chorion1545 coif1545 hoop-caul1545 shirt1545 caul1547 sillyhow1574 biggin1611 guard1611 allantoides1615 allantois1615 allantoid1633 amnios1657 amnion1667 heam1681 vitta1693 indusium1706 silly-hood1836 1545 T. Raynald in tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde i. sig. H.viii The mydwifes communelye call it the coyfe or byggyn of the chylde, and sum call it the chyldes sherte. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Agneliere, th' inmost of the three membranes which enwrap a wombe-lodged infant; called by some Midwiues..the childs shirt. 1910 T. S. Malkiel Diary Shirtwaist Striker 94 I must have been born in a shirt, am what people would call a fortune child. 1941 B. Field in Accent Autumn 17 The neighbors, the merchants on the block, and all the others who cared to listen were told that a child born in a shirt means the greatest of good fortune. 2012 S. Kingshill & J. Westwood Fabled Coast 402 These fragments of tissue have gone by various names, some of which, such as ‘shirts’ and ‘cloaks’, indicate that they have been known to cover most of the infant's top half. 6. In commercial use: an inner layer of wrapping around a bale of some commodity (in later use esp. raw silk). Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being internal > [noun] > lining underlining1580 shirt1640 lining1713 inlayer1868 liner1959 1640 in E. B. Sainsbury Cal. Court Minutes E. India Company 1640–43 (1909) 75 That the Company is much prejudiced by allowing sugars to be ‘tared in the gunny’ instead of the buyers taking them ‘in their shirts’. 1812 J. Smyth Pract. of Customs ii. 182 It sometimes happens, that a bale [sc. of silk] is stripped of its outside covering, leaving only what is called a shirt. 1818 G. G. Carey Compl. Syst. Theoret. & Mercantile Arith. 234 (table) Goats Wool... In bales, 1 lb. draft per bale, and 4 lb. tare per cwt., for the shirt. 1918 Silk 11 69/1 The shirt weight, that is, the weight of the bale with the rush covers removed... The ‘shirt and rope’ weighed Ko. 0.31 and the ‘paper and string’ on the books weighed Ko. 0.99, making a total tare of Ko. 1.30. 1941 Purchase Contract in Cases U.S. Court of Claims 130 (1955) 67 1. Four bales [of raw silk] conditioned weight. 2. Six bales shirt weight. †7. Metallurgy. The innermost layer of a blast furnace, constructed from heat-resistant firebricks and separated by a space from the outer layers of ordinary brick. Obsolete.The space permits expansion of the inner layer and is typically filled with sand or slag. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being internal > [noun] > lining > of other specific structures shirt1839 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 689 The erection of a pair of blast furnaces, of 40 feet high each..requires for building each, 160,000 common bricks for the outside work, 3900 fire-bricks for the lining or shirt of the furnace, and 825 for the boshes. 1868 F. H. Joynson Metals in Constr. 16 The internal lining or shirt of the furnace. 1890 W. M. Williams Chem. Iron & Steel Making v. 85 The modern blast furnace..constructed of substantial masonry braced with iron and lined with a ‘shirt’ of refractory material such as fire-brick. Phrases P1. Noun phrases with of. a. shirt of mail n. later historical a shirt or jacket made from chain mail and worn as armour; = mail-shirt n. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > body armour > [noun] > coat of mail or corselet ring netOE burnec1050 briniec1175 hauberk1297 coatc1300 bryn1330 habergeon1377 jackc1380 doublet of defence (or fence)1418 petticoatc1425 gesteron1469 byrnie1488 coat of fence1490 corset1490 corse1507 sark of mail1515 plate-coat1521 shirt of mail1522 mail-coat1535 corslet1563 costlet1578 pewter coat1584 cataphract1591 pyne doublet1600 sponge1600 coat-armour1603 brace1609 coat of arms1613 frock of mail1671 mail-shirt1816 mail-sark1838 1522 in Hist. MSS Comm.: 10th Rep.: App. Pt. V: MSS Marquis of Ormonde &c. (1885) 400 in Parl. Papers 1884–5 (C. 4576-I) XLII. 1 No kynde of armor, as shorte of maylle. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Iacquemard, a coat, or shirt of maile. 1864 W. W. Skeat tr. J. L. Uhland Songs & Ballads 356 How shall a maid's weak hand avail To make thee, my father, a shirt of mail? 2008 C. Paolini Brisingr 36 From his bags, Eragon removed his shirt of mail and unwrapped the length of sackcloth he had stored it in. b. shirt of hair n. a shirt made from haircloth, as worn by penitents or ascetics.Frequently in literary or poetic contexts; hair-shirt is otherwise usually the preferred term. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > piety > asceticism or mortification > [noun] > garment of cilicec950 shirt of hair1527 haircloth1548 hair-shirt1737 society > faith > artefacts > lay garments > items of attire > [noun] > penitential garment hairec825 cilicec950 sackc1000 hauberkc1305 habergeonc1386 sackclotha1400 shirt of hair1527 shriving cloth1534 haircloth1548 sanbenito1568 white sheet1570 penitential robea1625 sack gown1693 samarra1731 hair-shirt1737 repentance-gown1896 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [noun] > made from specific material > hair > as penitential clothing cilicec950 shirt of hair1527 haircloth1548 society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > penance > [noun] > garment of hairec825 cilicec950 sackc1000 hauberkc1305 habergeonc1386 sackclotha1400 shirt of hair1527 shriving cloth1534 haircloth1548 sanbenito1568 white sheet1570 penitential robea1625 sack gown1693 samarra1731 hair-shirt1737 1527 Lydgate's Fall of Princes (Pynson) ix. ix. f. cci/1 Shortes of heer [?a1439 Bodl. 263 sharp heires, 1494 de Worde short heires] were also layde asyde Turned to copes of purple and sanguyne. c1540 Image Ipocrysy iv, in J. Skelton Poet. Wks. (1843) II. 441/2 Some were shurtes of heres. 1781 W. Cowper Truth 81 In shirt of hair and weeds of canvass dress'd,..See the sage hermit. 1991 Poetry 157 261 A stone woman eroded by tears bird-boned her face like a wrinkled leaf she's grief in her long shirt of hair. c. shirt of fire (also flame) n. poetic used with reference to the body being enveloped by flames, or to death by burning. N.E.D. (1914), citing only quot. 1853, gives the definition as ‘the tunica molesta (Juvenal Sat. viii. 235), a tunic “smeared with inflammable materials” (Seneca Ep. xiv. 5) in which persons condemned to death by burning were enveloped’, but evidence is lacking that the phrase has been used in this literal sense. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > [noun] > burning > tunic worn shirt of fire1649 1649 tr. Alcoran xxii. 204 The Infidels shall be encompassed with flames of Hell, they shall have shirts of fire, boyling water shall flow in upon their heads. 1853 A. Smith Life-Drama ii, in Poems 20 Like a pale martyr in his shirt of fire. 1909 Votes for Women 18 June 819/1 Whether the old-time martyr, in his 'shirt of flame', was either a dignified or beautiful figure to the lookers-on is a question. 2007 Greece & Rome 54 235 A tortuous journey..will climax in the hero's immolation by the shirt of fire. P2. †a. to (also into, unto) one's (also the) shirt: as far as one's undershirt; naked except for an undershirt. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adverb] > in specific way to (also into, unto) one's (also the) shirtc1300 in or of (a) suitc1325 in ragsa1350 in (also on) one's shirtc1380 in suit of or with1389 thinlya1400 in suit with1488 finely?1552 raggedly1552 smoothly1579 garish1590 briskly1592 in one's waistcoat1607 in mourning1621 in cuerpoa1640 in gala1757 airily1768 plain1808 in mufti1816 in, on one's stocking-soles1827 seedily1837 in beaver1840 back to front1869 dowdily1887 dossily1903 head-to-toe1946 sharp1951 sharply1965 understatedly1972 c1300 Holy Cross (Laud) l. 489 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 15 His cloþes he caste of euer-ech-on A-non to is schurte and to is briech. a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) iii. l. 1099 And of he rente al to his bare sherte. a1500 (?a1390) J. Mirk Festial (Gough) (1905) 251 (MED) Þen þys Emperoure..dyspoylut hym to his schorte. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. xx. 25 b The prease was so greate..some of them..were stripped intoo their shyrtes. 1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 226 [They] were all stript to the shirt as soon as they had been taken. 1692 R. L'Estrange Fables cxxvii. 118 A Prodigal Young Fellow that had sold his Cloths to his very Shirt. b. in (also †on) one's shirt: in one's undergarments or night attire; without one's outer garments; without one's coat and waistcoat. Compare in (one's) shirtsleeves. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adverb] > in specific way to (also into, unto) one's (also the) shirtc1300 in or of (a) suitc1325 in ragsa1350 in (also on) one's shirtc1380 in suit of or with1389 thinlya1400 in suit with1488 finely?1552 raggedly1552 smoothly1579 garish1590 briskly1592 in one's waistcoat1607 in mourning1621 in cuerpoa1640 in gala1757 airily1768 plain1808 in mufti1816 in, on one's stocking-soles1827 seedily1837 in beaver1840 back to front1869 dowdily1887 dossily1903 head-to-toe1946 sharp1951 sharply1965 understatedly1972 c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 1942 Lef þou sengle on þy scherte, & bar-fot þou most go. a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) iv. l. 96 Saue of a doughter þat I lafte allas Slepynge..Allas I ne hadde y-brought here in here sherte. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) II. 612 And therewithall sir Lamerok lepte oute of the bed in his shurte. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. lxiij Then came in the poore younglinges..bounde in ropes..one after another in their shertes, & euery one a halter about his neck. ?1592 Trag. Solyman & Perseda sig. A4^v Where in my shirt but with my single Rapier, I combated a Romane. 1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 691 Ile do it in my shyrt . View more context for this quotation 1602 T. Kyd Spanish Trag. iii. sig. H4 Bring mee foorth in my shirt, and my gowne vnder myne arme. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) iv. vii. 49 And worke in their shirt to, as my selfe for example, that am a butcher. 1744 ‘J. Love’ Cricket i. 4 (note) The robust Cricketer, plays in his Shirt. 1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian ii, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. I. 59 The officer..escaped out of his bed-room window, and fled in his shirt. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. iv. iv. 230 General Dumouriez,..finds the street covered with ‘four or five thousand citizens in their shirts’. 2014 A. Alexander Smuggler wore Silk xii. 109 He had removed his coat, cravat and vest, and was dressed now only in his shirt. †c. since (also ere, etc.) shapen was my shirt and variants: since or before a person was born, especially with reference to something regarded as predestined or ordained before one's birth. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > birth > [adverb] > since before I was born since (also ere, etc.) shapen was my shirtc1405 the mind > will > necessity > fate or destiny as determining events > beyond human control [phrase] > decreed before one's birth since (also ere, etc.) shapen was my shirtc1405 c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 708 That shapen was my deeth erst than my sherte. c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1879) l. 2629 Syn fyrst that day that shapyn was myn sherte..So nygh myn herte neuere thyng ne com As thow. a1542 T. Wyatt Coll. Poems (1969) v. 2 Alas..The carefull chaunce, shapen afore my shert. ?1664 W. Guthrie Serm. ii. 26 When they reflect upon his predetermining Counsels, as thus, this was even ordained for me, before coat or shirt were shapen for me. d. †(a) not to have a shirt: to own very little, to possess not even basic necessities. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > poverty > be poor [verb (intransitive)] > be or become extremely poor not to have a shirtc1405 to come to buckle and bare thong1546 to arrive at one's fingers' ends1579 to have most fingers1677 c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Wife of Bath's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1159 I holde hym riche al hadde he nat a sherte. 1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker I. 171 I'm a poor Wiltshire lad.—I ha'n't a shirt in the world. 1915 W. F. Hargreaves Burlington Bertie from Bow (sheet music) 5 I'm Bert, Bert, I haven't a shirt, but my people are well off, you know! (b) not a shirt to (also on) one's back and variants: (almost) no goods or possessions, not even basic necessities. ΚΠ 1607 E. Sharpham Fleire ii. sig. E^v I haue heard some say, you were a verie needie Knight, and that you had but one shirt to your backe when you came first to this towne. 1665 R. Brathwait Comment Two Tales Chaucer 186 Admit he be not worth a Shirt to his back, he has Wealth enough, who holds himself content. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall (1787) III. xxxi. 202 (note) Augustus had neither glass to his windows, nor a shirt to his back. 1879 G. H. Wayte Prospecting 99 I landed in England with just the shirt on my back. 1923 T. Dreiser Color of Great City 34 Fifteen years ago to-day I was a poor, dispirited, broken-down tramp sitting on a bench in a park, not a shirt to my back. 2004 T. Barnard Making Grand Figure viii. 251 A freeholder from Corofin, denounced as ‘a common beggar’, without a shirt to his back. (c) the shirt off (or on) one's back: (in hyperbolic phrases) one's last remaining possessions, everything one owns. Chiefly in to give (someone) the shirt off one's back: to give (a person) everything one has; (hence) to do anything for someone. ΚΠ 1762 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy VI. xxvi. 112 I would give the shirt off my back to be burnt into tinder, were it only to satisfy one feverish enquirer. 1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker I. 87 He would give away the shirt off his back. 1925 W. N. Burns Saga Billy the Kid 67 He was a free-hearted, generous boy. He'd give a friend the shirt off his back. 1980 Times 7 Oct. 10/5 One day this industry will have the shirt off my back. 2013 R. Cox Orphan Moon 199 Albert's a fine man. He would give the shirt off his back if he knew you had the need. †e. (a) one's shirt: used as the type of what is closest to a person, either physically or in terms of privacy, secrecy, etc. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > nearness > [noun] > that which or one who is near > type of what is nearest to one one's shirt1440 1440 J. Capgrave Life St. Norbert (1977) l. 1566 (MED) Thouȝ þing be neuyr so pryuy hid vndir schert, It may not be hid fro goddis brith yȝe. c1450 C. d'Orleans Poems (1941) 179 (MED) Forto take yow nere me then my shert. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry IV f. xx The kyng began..to muse on this request, and not without a cause, for in dede it touched him as nere as his sherte, as you well may perceiue by the Genealogy. 1654 in C. H. Firth Clarke Papers (1899) III. 12 The designe is secrett, knowne to the designer onely, whoe saith if hee thought his shirt knew it hee would burne it. (b) not to tell one's shirt: to keep a matter strictly secret, not to tell a soul. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > keep quiet about [phrase] to keep or hold (a matter) counsel (later in counsela1400 to keep secret1399 to keep (something) dark1532 to draw a veil over1582 not to tell one's shirt1586 to keep one's (own) counsel1604 to put (also keep) in one's pocketa1616 to name no names1692 to make a secret of1738 to keep (‥) snug1778 to clap, put, or keep the thumb on1825 to wash one's dirty linen at home, in public1867 to hold back1956 to sweep (also brush, kick, etc.) (something) under the rug1956 to get it off one's chest1961 to sweep (or push) (something) under the carpet1963 1586 Earl of Leicester Corr. (1844) 291 I will warrant him hanged..but you must not tell your shirt of this yet. 1637 J. Shirley Example iv. sig. F3 I'de make him an example, I'le not tell My shirt on't. (c) near is my shirt but nearer is my skin and variants: a person's own needs and interests take precedence over those of those of his or her closest friends or relatives.Cf. c1450 at shirt v. 1. ΚΠ ?1577 A. Bourcher Worthy Myrour (single sheet) Neerer is my Skin, then Shirte. 1614 T. Godwin Romanæ Historiæ Anthologia ii. iii. v. 83 Close sitteth my shirt, but closer sitteth my skinne. 1712 J. Arbuthnot Lewis Baboon 25 My Shirt (quoth he) is near me, but my Skin in nearer: Whilst I take care of the Welfare of other Folks, no body can blame me, to apply a little Balsam to my own Sores. 1890 T. H. Hall Caine Bondman x. 207 ‘We can't trust you,’ said Thurstan... ‘What! Not your own brother?’ said Jacob. “Near is my shirt, but nearer is my skin,” as the saying is.’ 1970 H. Arendt On Violence 78 Self-interest, when asked to yield to ‘true’ interest—that is, the interest of the world as distinguished from that of the self—will always reply, Near is my shirt, but nearer is my skin. f. (as) pale (or white) as one's shirt and variants: abnormally pale, especially from fear, anxiety, etc. Compare as white (or pale) as a sheet at sheet n.¹ 3c. ΚΠ 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet ii. i. 82 Pale as his shirt, his knees knocking each other,..he comes before me. View more context for this quotation 1776 S. J. Pratt Pupil of Pleasure II. lxxvi. 66 The postboy brought me the note, trembling like a leaf and white as a shirt, protesting most fervently that he could not help the accident. 1847 G. Lippard Quaker City II. vi. iv. 479 Poodle grew red in the face, and then pale as his shirt bosom. 1896 A. E. Housman Shropshire Lad lxii. 94 They shook, they stared as white's their shirt. 1922 Everybody's June 48/1 She went as white as my shirt-front when she saw me. 1988 J. K. Keefer Constellations i. 105 Claire, pale as her shirt, walks up to father and daughter, offering congratulations. 2002 A. C. Thorne Leave Dishes in Sink vi. 128 Wynne's face was as white as his shirt. He smiled weakly and said, ‘I seemed to have fainted.’ g. colloquial. (a) Originally Betting. to put one's shirt on: to bet all one's money on a winner, outcome, etc.; to be sure of. Similarly also to bet (also stake) one's shirt (that). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > bet on [verb (transitive)] back1697 to put one's money on1847 to put one's shirt on1856 play1858 lump1864 lay1877 stand1877 to get on ——1884 to bet (also stake) one's shirt (that)1892 to go a (or the) bundle on1938 1856 Liverpool Mercury 29 Sept. 3/1 ‘Put your shirt on’ is expressive of great confidence in backing a horse, and literally means to stake all you have, even to your shirt, on the result. 1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 30 Mar. 6/2 Bet thee my shirt Aunty Jane wins. 1938 E. Bowen Death of Heart i. i. 25 He had not foreseen ever having to put his shirt on either [woman]. 1954 T. S. Eliot Confidential Clerk ii. 63 Marriage is a gamble. But I'm a born gambler And I've put my shirt—no, not quite the right expression—Lucasta's the most exciting speculation I've ever thought of investing in. 2013 Bristol Post (Nexis) 9 Dec. 20 I was persuaded to put my shirt on a dead cert at a horse racing day out. (b) to lose one's shirt: to lose all one's money on a gamble, investment, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > loss > be lost [verb (intransitive)] > suffer loss > lose everything to lose one's shirt1910 1910 Ticker & Investm. Digest Jan. 111/2 Many a follower of the average plan bought on margin in the March and October (1907) panic days and lost his shirt in November. 1935 E. B. Mann Thirsty Range xi. 144 He hit the market..about the time the bottom dropped out of it. He lost his shirt! 2002 N.Y. Times 16 June iv. 13/6 Rove..worries about Enron as..an economic calamity in which thousands of people lost their shirts and their jobs. h. colloquial. (a) to get a person's shirt out: to cause a person to lose his or her temper. Also to get one's shirt out: to lose one's temper; to be irritable, bad-tempered, or annoyed. Compare shirty adj. 1. Frequently Australian in later use (now somewhat rare). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (transitive)] > make angry wrethec900 abelgheeOE abaeileOE teenOE i-wrathec1075 wratha1200 awratha1250 gramec1275 forthcalla1300 excitea1340 grieve1362 movea1382 achafea1400 craba1400 angerc1400 mada1425 provokec1425 forwrecchec1450 wrothc1450 arage1470 incensea1513 puff1526 angry1530 despite1530 exasperate1534 exasper1545 stunt1583 pepper1599 enfever1647 nanger1675 to put or set up the back1728 roil1742 outrage1818 to put a person's monkey up1833 to get one's back up1840 to bring one's nap up1843 rouse1843 to get a person's shirt out1844 heat1855 to steam up1860 to get one's rag out1862 steam1922 to burn up1923 to flip out1964 1844 Lloyd's Weekly London Newspaper 18 Aug. 7/5 Wags..frequently annoy him..in order to ‘get his shirt out’ (as it is termed); and they succeeded. 1932 P. G. Wodehouse Louder & Funnier 113 Sure he knows you know, Bill... Don't get your shirt out. 1956 T. Ronan Moleskin Midas i. 38 What've I done to make youse all get your shirts out? (b) Originally U.S. keep your shirt on: used to urge a person not to lose his or her temper, or to remain calm. Compare to keep one's hair on at hair n. Phrases 11.Probably originating in the practice by which men took their shirts off in order to fight with their fists. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > calmness > self-possession or self-control > maintain self-control [verb (intransitive)] to keep one's countenance1470 to get above ——1603 to keep one's head1717 keep your shirt on1844 to keep one's hair on1883 to keep one's wool1890 not to bat an eye, eyelid1904 to keep one's pants on1928 to play it cool1955 to keep (also blow, lose) one's cool1964 1844 Ohio Democrat (New Philadelphia) 18 Apr. (headline) Keep your shirts on Feds. 1850 Spirit of Times 12 Jan. 553/3 Thomp. Shell on, old man! More where that came from. Count out! Make haste, or I'll have my note back—(making a demonstration of impatience). Tyson. Well, just keep your shirt on, will you? 1904 W. H. Smith Promoters i. 15 I'll tell you how, if you'll keep your shirt on. 1945 Chambers's Jrnl. Oct. 554/1 Okay, okay—keep your shirt on. Let's see what can be done. 1981 P. Theroux Mosquito Coast xi. 131 ‘Keep your shirt on,’ Father shouted. 2013 M. K. Obison Holy Pagan iii. 22 Keep your shirt on mate. I've told you, this anger of yours will do you in one of these days. Compounds C1. General use as a modifier (chiefly in sense 1), as in shirt breast, shirt collar, shirt cuff, shirt pocket, etc. ΚΠ 1557 F. Seager Schoole of Vertue in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 338 Thy shyrte coler fast to thy necke knyt. 1793 True Briton 4 Feb. He..had on a blue coat, and other apparel decently good; silver plated buckles, and silver studs to his shirt wrists, marked D. E. 1846 E. Bulwer-Lytton Lucretia I. i. i. 17 The diamond in his shirt-breast. 1853 G. J. Whyte-Melville Digby Grand xxiii Enormous shirt-cuffs..called attention to the hands. 1919 R. Mitchel Shakespeare for Community Players 77 Ornament may be applied at the shirt hem, at the neck and to the hem of the short sleeves. 1962 L. Deighton Ipcress File xxiii. 150 The very young soldier reached into his shirt pocket. 2014 T. C. Boyle in New Yorker 17 Mar. 60/1 My best friend..turned up his shirt collars and wore his hair in a..pompadour . C2. As a modifier, designating political (esp. nationalist or fascist) parties, movements, organizations, etc., whose members wear shirts of a particular colour. See sense 3a. Now historical. ΚΠ 1931 Times of India 7 July 7/2 The Shirt movement has again increased about Peshawar and in the country northward of Peshawar. 1934 Times 28 Feb. 15/5 I beg leave to point out that our election law requires to be brought up to date, since it was framed at a time when the political ‘shirt’ parties were undreamt of. 1940 E. A. Walker S. Afr. 23 Latterly more than one anti-Semitic ‘shirt’ movement has arisen owing a good deal to German encouragement and example. 2014 O. Bashkin in I. Gershoni Arab Responses to Fascism & Nazism vi. 153 Thabit supported the spread of militarism among the Iraqi youth and even viewed the shirt organizations in a favorable light. C3. With participles, agent nouns, and verbal nouns, forming compounds in which shirt expresses the object of the underlying verb, as in shirt-ironing, shirt-making, shirt-mending (adjectives and nouns); shirt ironer, shirt maker, shirt washer, etc. ΚΠ 1851 G. E. Jewsbury Let. 26 Aug. in Sel. Lett. to J. W. Carlyle (1892) 421 I am in the midst of shirt-mending. a1854 E. Grant Mem. Highland Lady (1988) I. xvi. 33 Shirt making as my Mother taught the art, cutting with such accuracy, fitting to a nicety.., it was a lesson in itself. ?1881 Census Eng. & Wales: Instr. Clerks classifying Occupations & Ages (?1885) 75 Hosiery Manufacture... Shirt Knitter. 1893 Laundry Managem. (ed. 2) 80 Some of the shirt ironers [sc. machines] have..a good-sized iron, heated by steam or gas. 1897 19th Cent. Aug. 203 Londonderry..[with] its shirt-making industry. 1902 Daily Chron. 24 July 9/4 Laundry.—A good shirt washer wanted. 1909 Daily Chron. 23 Jan. 8/3 Rotary Shirt Washer (Good secondhand, brass cylinder), wanted. 2005 C. Gatrell Hard Labour 127 Given that shirt-ironing may be seen as metaphorical of wifework.., it is significant that only one woman was prepared to iron her husband's shirts herself. C4. See also shirtsleeve n., shirttail n., etc. shirt band n. the neckband or collar of a shirt (= band n.² 4); (also) English regional (northern) the wristband or cuff of a shirt. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > part of > collar shirt band1532 band1568 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > part of > other slip1648 side-bit1825 shirt band1828 1532–3 Act 24 Henry VIII c. 13 §1 in Statutes of Realm (1963) III. 431 That no servyngman..shall weare any shirte or shirte bande..made or wrought with Silke Golde or Silver. 1659 in F. Collins Wills & Admin. Knaresborough Court Rolls (1905) II. 236 1 shirt, 1 shirtband. 1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Shirt-band, the wrist-band of a shirt. 1907 E. Rickert Golden Hawk xx. 160 A gush of..milk..trickling in warm currents between his neck and his shirt-band. 2011 National Post (Canada) (National ed.) (Nexis) 29 Sept. (Issues & Ideas section) a15 Despite being tired and uncomfortable from a tight-fitting shirt band, [he]..gave a rousing partisan speech that was broadcast across the country. shirt-blouse n. †(a) (probably) a long loose garment for a toddler, gathered around the waist (Obsolete); (b) a loose buttoned blouse for women, styled to resemble a shirt; compare shirtwaist n. 2.In sense (b) now usually simply called a shirt. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > bodice > blouse > types of jerkinetc1686 shell1802 shirt1840 Garibaldi1862 shirt-bodice1868 Norfolk blouse1869 shirtwaist1871 shirt-blouse1876 guimpe1889 overblouse1889 middy1894 blouse coat1898 pneumonia blouse1902 jumper1908 kimono blouse1908 sailor top1913 buba1937 1876 Lady Barker Let. 10 May in Lippincott's Monthly Mag. Sept. 327/1 The babies came swarming round, and very fat and jolly they all looked in their nice cotton frocks or shirt-blouses. 1903 Delineator Apr. 801/1 Ladies' tucked shirt-waist or shirt-blouse. 1993 F. Moorhouse Grand Days (1994) 362 She wore a shirt-blouse buttoned down the front, a large floppy bow tie, and a long jacket almost to her knees. shirt-bodice n. now historical the bodice or upper part of a dress, esp. one styled to resemble a shirt, having a collar, cuffs, buttons, etc., and usually somewhat loose-fitting; a separate garment in this style, worn tucked into a skirt (= sense 2b). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > bodice > blouse > types of jerkinetc1686 shell1802 shirt1840 Garibaldi1862 shirt-bodice1868 Norfolk blouse1869 shirtwaist1871 shirt-blouse1876 guimpe1889 overblouse1889 middy1894 blouse coat1898 pneumonia blouse1902 jumper1908 kimono blouse1908 sailor top1913 buba1937 1868 Hull Packet & E. Riding Times 24 Jan. 7/1 The children had made chair covers, shirt bodices, stockings, garters, nightgowns, drawers, &c. 1907 E. M. Sellar Recoll. & Impr. xii. 161 From Brussels I brought home for the little girls red and blue shirt-bodices and skirts. 1992 D. Bond Glamour in Fashion iii. 69/1 More of the new designs featured dresses with fuller-cut shirt bodices trimly belted into the waist. shirt bosom n. U.S. in later use the front part of a shirt; (also) a detachable insert designed to resemble the front of a formal shirt when worn beneath a jacket or waistcoat; = bosom n. 3d.The more usual term is now shirt front, although compare also dicky n.¹ 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > part of > front shirt bosom1748 shirt front1826 front1843 bosom1863 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > part of > front > detached half-shirt1661 sham1721 shirtee1805 dicky1807 shirt front1830 front1843 shirt bosom1858 plastron1888 vestee1904 1748 T. C. Phillips Apol. Conduct II. vi. 238 (table) A Diamond Buckle for Shirt Bosom. 1833 J. Neal Down-easters I. 3 His collar turned back, and his shirt-bosom all open to the waist. 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 342/1 Shirt-front, a dickey, or loose shirt bosom. 2002 Amer. Stud. Internat. 40 62 The Chinese laundries ironed collars and shirt bosoms by a machine which was propelled by hand rather by belt power. shirt case n. a small travelling case designed to carry one or more folded shirts in such a way as to avoid creasing or crumpling. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > a journey > [noun] > luggage > travelling bag > hand-held mailc1275 clothesack1393 cloak-bagc1540 portmanteau1553 valance?a1562 pockmanty1575 cap-case1577 cloak-bearer1580 night baga1618 valisea1630 toilet1656 Roger1665 shirt case1823 weekend case1827 carpet-bag1830 holdall1851 handbag1859 suitcase1873 sample case1875 gripsack1877 case1879 grip1879 Gladstone (bag)1882 traveller1895 vanity-case1913 luggage1915 revelation1923 two-suiter1923 overnight bag1925 one-suiter1933 suiter1933 overnight case1934 Samsonite1939 flight bag1943 Pullman1946 grip-bag1958 overnighter1959 carry-on1960 Vuitton1975 go bag1991 1823 Imperial Gaz. 6 Sept. 239/2 It was not a shirt-case properly speaking—that was to say, a case to contain a shirt. 1910 Fabrics, Fancy Goods & Notions Dec. 10/1 This new shirt case, which is intended to contain from three to six shirts, is made of lambskin leather and lined with tan moire silk. 2009 South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) (Nexis) 5 July (Mag.) 26 Bottega Veneta has added a range of rubber canvas pieces..to its Marco Polo line of luggage. Items include hard case-trolleys, totes and a handy shirt case. shirt cloth n. a piece of cloth of a type used for making shirts; fabric of this type; compare shirting n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric for specific purpose > [noun] > for clothing > for blouses or shirts > piece of shirt cloth1469 blouse length1910 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric for specific purpose > [noun] > for clothing > for blouses or shirts shirting1604 sarkingc1650 shirt cloth1691 1469 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 351 Item, I send ȝow ij scherte clothys, iche of iij ȝardys of þe fynest þat is in thys towne. 1540 in J. W. Clay Testamenta Eboracensia (1902) VI. 118 To Thomas Dransfelde a shirte cloithe, to John Coupe a shert clothe. 1691 E. Rawson & S. Sewall Revol. New Eng. Justified 25 Three Cartloads of Merchants goods, trucking Cloath and Cotton Cloath, and Shirt Cloath, and other goods. 1910 Encycl. Brit. VII. 277/1 Shirt-cloth is the term more commonly applied to what is actually used in the manufacture of shirts. 2001 E. M. Göknar tr. O. Pamuk My Name is Red (2002) xv. 83 Come get..my Bursa velvet sash cloth, my superb silk-edged Egyptian shirt cloth. shirt-collared adj. (a) that wears a shirt collar; (b) (now chiefly) having a collar like that of a shirt.In quot. 1850 probably with reference to a wing collar (wing collar n. at wing n. Compounds 2). ΚΠ 1850 Home Jrnl. (N.Y.) 30 Mar. The high-shirt-collared dignity un-aired by travel. 1946 Seventeen Aug. 111/1 A soft, all-wool checked loose jacket.., has a single-breasted, shirt-collared front. 2016 Evening Standard (Nexis) 28 Apr. (ES Mag.) 23 The zip-front, shirt-collared jacket is a classic—and helps keep off the chill on summer evenings. shirt cutter n. a worker who cuts out the fabric for making shirts. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > making other clothing > [noun] > making blouses or shirts > one who > one who carries out specific process shirt cutter1836 1836 Times 6 July 2/1 (advt.) To shirt cutters.—Wanted, a man of experience as a shirt cutter, in a wholesale house of business. 1909 Daily News 7 Jan. 7/1 I was a shirt-cutter by trade. 2000 B. Paleczny Clothed in Integrity Pref. p. xxiv Mom worked at Forsythe's shirt factory where she met my father, John Paleczny, a shirt cutter. shirt dress n. (a) a dress which is gathered at the waist and has a bodice or upper part designed to resemble a shirt, having buttons down the front and (typically) a collar; = shirtwaister n.; (b) a dress resembling a long shirt, typically one worn with a belt, and having a collar and buttons down its length. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > dress, robe, or gown > types of > shirt-waist dress shirt dress1875 shirtwaist dress1897 shirtmaker1926 shirtwaister1935 1875 Tamworth Herald 4 Sept. Troy has a ladies' boat club, the fair members of which are attired in neat white waists, broad-brimmed hats, and ordinary shirt-dresses. 1935 Charleston (S. Carolina) Daily Mail 1 Aug. 4/1 Summer shirt dresses with buttonholes as nicely done as the ones on your husband's best dress shirt, collars with neat points that stay down.., and yokes copied from men's shirts. 1957 Times 12 May 21/5 Shirtdress Revival... a new town-perfect, holiday-perfect version with easy button-through fastening from neck to hem, and exciting billowing skirt. 2015 L. Williamson Art of being Normal (2016) xxxv. 253 I take out my outfit, a green shirt dress with a belt and buttons up the front. shirt dresser n. now historical a person (usually a woman) whose job is to wash shirts and make them ready for wearing. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > [noun] > finishers of specific type of laundry shirt dresser1854 collar-dresser1890 1854 Morning Chron. 19 Jan. 8/2 John Schus'er, a robust and dissipated-looking man, described as a shirt dresser, was charged..with having cruelly maltreated and threatened the life of his wife. 1867 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products (1892) Suppl. Shirt Dresser, a laundress who washes and prepares shirts for wear. 2013 Galpin Soc. Jrnl. 66 92 Louisa Hubbard (née Roberts)... Shirt dresser when first married, then pianoforte silker. † shirt dressing n. Obsolete the business of washing shirts and making them ready for wear. ΚΠ 1858 Glasgow Herald 16 Aug. (advt.) Public work to let. Suited for Starch or Gum Manufactory, Bleaching, Printing, Shirt Dressing. 1888 Moonshine 14 Apr. 178/1 I once kept a large shirt-dressing establishment. † shirt frame n. Obsolete a machine built upon or within a framework and used in the manufacture of cloth for shirts. ΚΠ 1846 Standard 31 Oct. The shirt trade, especially in the county of Leicester, is immense. The same may be said of Lower Picardy, which is studded with shirt frames. 1910 Textile Amer. Sept. 32/3 A shirt frame, 54 inches in circumference, with 32 feeders making ten revolutions of 297,000 loops per minute. This machine needs 100 pounds of yarn daily. shirt frill n. now historical a detachable decorative ruffle, typically made of lace, and worn (typically by a man) over the front closure of a shirt (and sometimes also on the cuffs). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > part of > frill chitterling1576 shirt frill1802 shirt ruffle1808 jabot1823 1802 Gaz. U.S. (Philadelphia) 2 Nov. The shirt frills are worn with double plaits. 2012 Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 28 Sept. (Mag.) 90 The son of a Scottish shoemaker, [John Thomas] Smith was a friendly publican who cut an impressive figure in his distinctive white hat, shirt frills and cutty pipe. † shirt-gills n. humorous (Obsolete) the upwardly projecting points of a stand-up collar. ΚΠ 1851 in Bucks Herald 26 July 7/4 (stage direct.) Grunting as if to clear his throat, and arranging his shirt-gills, &c. 1885 C. E. Cameron In Grass Country (1886) xxxv. 287 ‘Well, Tom, you must own he's handsomer than you.’ ‘Not quite so ugly, perhaps,’ admitted Tom, with some reluctance, pulling up his shirt-gills with importance. † shirt-gown n. Scottish (Obsolete rare) the bodice of a dress. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > bodice lyfkie1578 bodicea1625 waist1816 shirt-gown1889 1889 A. J. Ellis On Early Eng. Pronunc. V. 725/2 A brave [smart] shirt-gown [bodice] all besprinkled with mud. shirt-jac n. (also shirt-jak) chiefly U.S. and Caribbean a loose-fitting jacket styled like a shirt, especially in having a turndown collar; = shirt-jacket n. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > jacket > other duffel coat1683 duffel jacket1732 petenlair1753 grego1767 wamus1805 camisole1816 over-jacket1830 matinee1851 Zouave1859 paletot1863 blazer1880 Norfolks1902 letter sweater1914 letter jacket1934 bomber jacket1940 shirt-jac1944 samfu jacket1955 guru jacket1966 Mao jacket1967 1944 Daily Ardmoreite (Ardmore, Okla.) 21 Dec. 2/5 (advt.) All wool plaid shirt-jac..$7.90. 1973 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 28 Feb. 1/1 The shirt-jac, made of suiting material, has been recommended as an alternative form of Parliamentary dress. 2009 Toronto Star (Nexis) 21 Feb. (Life section) l1 Wolsky has dressed leading man Leonardo DiCaprio in tie bars, a Ricky Ricardo-style shirt-jac, and high-rise trousers. shirt-jacket n. later chiefly U.S. (originally, apparently) a lightweight jacket fastening down the front; (later) a loose-fitting jacket styled like a shirt, especially in having a turndown collar.In early quots. the exact style of garment intended is unclear. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > jacket > loose baju1820 shirt-jacket1826 camisole1847 Norfolk jacket1866 jigger1957 1826 tr. Reign of Terror II. 404 I was obliged to strip to my shirt jacket, however unbeseeming the costume. 1975 Daily News (N.Y.) 26 July 12 Many leisure suits have shirt-jackets rather than the traditional jacket. 2009 J. Kellerman True Detectives viii. 67 A loose brown linen shirt-jacket. shirt lap n. now somewhat rare (chiefly British regional) the lower part of a shirt, extending below the waist, esp. at the back; = shirttail n.; see lap n.¹ 1a. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > part of > tail(s) shirt lapc1300 shirttail1659 tails1845 c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Laud) (1901) l. 1244 Hys schirt lappe [a1350 Harl. shurte lappe] he gan take And wiped awey þat blake. 1856 ‘G. Eliot’ Scenes Clerical Life ii Tell the most impassioned orator, suddenly, that his wig is awry, or his shirt-lap hanging out,..and you would infallibly dry up the spring of his eloquence. 2003 Lincs. Echo (Nexis) 16 Sept. 32 The shirt laps had been cut off to give a straight edge. shirtman n. colloquial (later historical) a colonial rifleman during the American War of Independence. [Apparently so called on account of their long fringed rifle shirts: see rifle shirt n. at rifle n.³ Compounds 7.] ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > rifleman hunter1753 rifleman1764 shirtman1775 jäger1776 yager1804 bersagliere1862 shootist1864 rifle1933 society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by nationality > [noun] > American > specific Jersey blue1758 shirtman1775 Yorker1776 buckskin1783 Indian fighter1824 blue belly1827 greyback1854 Zouave1860 Zou-Zou1860 greycoat1861 grey1862 Johnny1862 Johnny Reb1862 blue1870 blue coat1885 dogface1932 society > armed hostility > warrior > armed man > [noun] > one armed with or using firearm > one bearing or using handgun > rifle hunter1753 rifleman1764 rifler1775 shirtman1775 jäger1776 yager1804 rifle shot1826 bersagliere1862 1775 Pennsylvania Gaz. 16 Aug. 2/3 The damn'd shirtmen, as they are emphatically called by some of his [sc. Lord Dunmore's] minions. 1929 M. C. Clement Hist. Pittsylvania County Virginia (2001) 150 Dunmore did not desert his post at the capitol until it was reported to him that the shirtmen were marching on Williamsburg. 2015 K. Gale M. Lewis i. 3 George Rogers Clark..became one of the greatest heroes of the Revolutionary War and the most famous of all the Virginia shirtmen. shirt number n. the number on the shirt of a member of a sports team, used to identify the individual wearing it.In some sports, such as Association Football, specific shirt numbers are traditionally (and were originally) related to certain positions in the team or on the field. ΚΠ 1923 Shortridge Daily Echo (Shortridge High School, Indianapolis) 8 Jan. 4/1 ‘Big Six’ Sherman, so named for his height and shirt number, played a well balanced game. 2016 Premium Official News Newswire (Nexis) 17 Nov. She was fielded at full-back for the German youth teams. This explains her shirt number, which is uncharacteristic for a winger. shirt pin n. an ornamental pin used across the neck of a shirt, (later) spec. one comprising a metal bar inserted through holes on either side of the collar, under the tie, and fastened by screwing a small metal ball on either end, worn to keep the points of the collar together and to elevate the knot of the tie.Also known as a collar bar, collar pin. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > brooch or pin > [noun] > worn on specific article of clothing tasselc1330 shirt pin1775 tie-pin1780 prop1850 scarf-pin1859 spark-prop1879 1775 Public Advertiser 25 Apr. (advt.) Picked up at a Door near St. James's, about a Month since, a Diamond Pin, commonly used as a Shirt Pin or Stay-hook. 1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xiii. 107 He was attracted by a handsome shirt-pin in a jeweller's window. 2014 J. Nevius & M. Nevius Footpr. in N.Y. x. 147 Tweed wore a $15,000 diamond shirt pin. shirt-pulling n. the action of pulling at another person's shirt; spec. (Sport, chiefly Association Football) this as a form of unlawful, rough, or foul play, aimed at slowing or unbalancing an opponent.Recorded earliest as a modifier. ΚΠ 1908 Boston Sunday Post 9 Feb. Among the customary contests..none is more amusing than what is known as the shirt-pulling contest... The one who comes behind seeks to pull the shirt of the nearest man ahead. 1950 Daily Mail 22 May 8/3 Play grew rough in the second half... The Portuguese did some ankle-tapping and shirt-pulling. 2019 Sun (National ed.) (Nexis) 19 Nov. (Features section) 43 The more I see shirt-pulling in football, the more it sickens me. It's blatant cheating. shirt ruffle n. a decorative frill on the front of a (formal) shirt, typically one worn by a man; = shirt frill n. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > part of > frill chitterling1576 shirt frill1802 shirt ruffle1808 jabot1823 1808 Caledonian Mercury 12 Dec. Plaited shirt ruffle, with a pebble breast-pin. 1892 A. E. Lee Hist. Columbus I. 735 Kneebreeches were abandoned, and the shirtruffles were reduced. 2001 New Eng. Rev. 22 95 The guy was easy to recognize; he was the one wearing a tuxedo with baby-blue shirt ruffles. shirt sponsor n. a person or organization that sponsors a sports team or sportsperson in return for the right to advertise (typically with a logo) on the shirts of the team or individual. ΚΠ 1982 Daily Mail 9 Dec. 37/1 Spurs could have shirt sponsors early in the New year. 2020 Guardian (Nexis) 10 Jan. (Sports section) Evans..will go to the Australian Open seeded for the first time—but without a shirt sponsor. shirt sponsorship n. sponsorship of a sports team or sportsperson in return for the right to advertise (typically with a logo) on the shirts of the team or individual. ΚΠ 1977 Irish Times 20 Sept. 3/3 Ballymena are the second Irish League club to be given permission to use shirt sponsorship—last year Cliftonville broke the ice. 1999 Northern Echo 20 Aug. 28 Table tennis: Darlington are hoping to mark a new shirt sponsorship deal with Butterfly with victory in Europe tonight. 2020 Daily Star Online (Nexis) 28 July Liverpool could earn a staggering £80m per year from their new Nike shirt sponsorship. shirt-tugging adj. and n. (a) adj. that tugs at a person's (or one's own) shirt; (b) n. the action of tugging at another person's shirt, esp. (in Sport) as a form of unlawful, rough, or foul play; = shirt-pulling n. ΚΠ 1934 Washington Post 8 July m13 Belt-pulling, shirt-tugging, nervous Monte Weaver. 1949 Derby Evening Tel. 28 Apr. 8/1 Persistent and deliberate ankle-tapping, elbow-jabbing and shirt-tugging are just a shade too revolting even for our hardened soccer stomachs. 1998 Toronto Star (Nexis) 17 Nov. (Sports section) Andrew Robertson..is brought down by a shirt-tugging Mike O'Leary..during a soggy playoff game. 2020 MailOnline (Nexis) 2 May (Football section) Zidane had complained about his constant shirt-tugging. Derivatives 'shirt-like adj. resembling a shirt. ΚΠ 1824 J. M. Sherer Scenes & Impressions Egypt & Italy 69 The turbans, the cloaks, the folding garments, or open loose shirt-like vests. 1866 J. Doolittle Social Life Chinese (new ed.) I. xiii. 345 A shirt-like garment, made of very fine iron wire..is put on the prisoner. 2004 New Yorker 5 Jan. 50/1 Like most Saudi men, he wore the white thobe a shirtlike gown that reached his ankles. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2021; most recently modified version published online June 2022). shirtv. Brit. /ʃəːt/, U.S. /ʃərt/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: shirt n. Etymology: < shirt n. 1. transitive. To clothe (a person) in a shirt. Also reflexive and intransitive: to put on a shirt. Also (and in earliest use) figurative: to cover or clothe as if with a shirt. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > in specific way > with specific garments > other wimple?c1225 pricka1275 clothe1382 addressa1393 haspc1400 to-cloutc1430 shirtc1450 gownc1485 tuft1535 passement1539 kerchief1600 muff1607 inshirt1611 insmock1611 mode1656 costume1802 slop1803 shawl1812 cravat1818 sur-invest1827 frock1828 pinafore1843 smock1847 panoply1851 underclothe1857 upholster1873 fancy dress1878 sleeve1887 to suit up1912 crinoline1915 c1450 C. d'Orleans Poems (1941) 17 Not wot y..bi what ende that y shulde first bigynne The wofulle lijf vnto yow to biwray Which shertith me more nerre than doth my skyn. 1600 W. Segar in J. Stow Annales 1291 Friers Capuchins..girt with hempen cordes, shirted with haire-cloth, and bare footed. 1691 J. Dryden King Arthur ii. i. 10 Souls, as but this Morn' Were cloath'd with Flesh..But naked now, or shirted but with Air. 1789 J. Byng Diary 26 June in C. B. Andrews Torrington Diaries (1935) II. 95 At the Bull's Head Alehouse I breakfasted, shirted and shaved. 1808 W. Wilson Hist. Dissenting Churches II. 581 One day shirting himself, he thoughtlessly put his studs between his lips. 2013 Ploughshares 39 187 Picture the group's guide, shirted in the school's iconic cherry red, and walking backwards as he narrates features of the academic landscape. †2. transitive. To disguise a sheaf or bale of (low-quality hay) by wrapping high-quality hay around the outside. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1862 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 23 315 ‘To shirt’ hay—that is, to wrap up an inferior quality in prime hay—is such a common practice in the neighbourhood of Paris. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.OEv.c1450
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shirtn.

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Derivatives

shirtv.