shiftan.

Brit.

/ˈʃɪftə/, U.S.

/ˈʃɪftə/, East African English

/ˈʃifta/

Inflections: Plural shiftas, unchanged.

Forms: also with capital initial.

Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from Amharic. Or perhaps (ii) a borrowing from a Cushitic language. Etymon: Amharic šəfta.

Etymology: Either (i) < Amharic šəfta outlaw, or perhaps (ii) < a Cushitic language (compare Oromo shifta, Somali shufto).It is unclear how the Amharic and Cushitic words relate to each other. Swahili regional (Kenya) shifta (1960s or earlier, apparently chiefly with reference to the Shifta War) is probably a borrowing from one of these languages.

East African.

A bandit, outlaw, or guerrilla. Also as a modifier, esp. in Shifta War (1963–7), a war fought by ethnic Somali in Kenya's Northern Frontier District in an attempt to secede from Kenya and rejoin Somalia.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > guerrilla > [noun] > specific

jay-hawker1860

bushwhacker1862

comitadji1903

chetnik1909

partisan1917

shifta1920

fellagha1922

maquisard1944

mujahidin1947

Tupamaro1969

terr1976

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > robber > brigand > [noun] > in other countries

dacoit1788

gang-robber1812

bush-ranger1817

klepht1820

flayer1832

ranger1840

dacoity1849

sticker-up1853

boh1888

demon1909

shifta1920

1920 Geogr. Jrnl. 56 353 The banks of the [Omo] river were covered with dense thorn forest, having an unsavoury reputation for harbouring bands of ‘shiftas’, or brigands.

1967 Washington Post 29 Oct. a25/2 A few months ago the thought of negotiating an end to the Shifta war seemed unlikely.

1989 J. Gebre-Medhin Peasants & Nationalism Eritrea 157 The people's militia was formed to fight these pro-Ethiopian shifta.

2019 Sunday Nation (Kenya) (Nexis) 5 May His Toyota Land Cruisers dodged shifta bandits to deliver miraa to towns like Mandera and, across the border, in Bura Hawa inside Somalia.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022).

单词	shifta
释义	shiftan. Brit. /ˈʃɪftə/, U.S. /ˈʃɪftə/, East African English /ˈʃifta/ Inflections: Plural shiftas, unchanged. Forms: also with capital initial. Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from Amharic. Or perhaps (ii) a borrowing from a Cushitic language. Etymon: Amharic šəfta. Etymology: Either (i) < Amharic šəfta outlaw, or perhaps (ii) < a Cushitic language (compare Oromo shifta, Somali shufto).It is unclear how the Amharic and Cushitic words relate to each other. Swahili regional (Kenya) shifta (1960s or earlier, apparently chiefly with reference to the Shifta War) is probably a borrowing from one of these languages. East African. A bandit, outlaw, or guerrilla. Also as a modifier, esp. in Shifta War (1963–7), a war fought by ethnic Somali in Kenya's Northern Frontier District in an attempt to secede from Kenya and rejoin Somalia. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > guerrilla > [noun] > specific jay-hawker1860 bushwhacker1862 comitadji1903 chetnik1909 partisan1917 shifta1920 fellagha1922 maquisard1944 mujahidin1947 Tupamaro1969 terr1976 the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > robber > brigand > [noun] > in other countries dacoit1788 gang-robber1812 bush-ranger1817 klepht1820 flayer1832 ranger1840 dacoity1849 sticker-up1853 boh1888 demon1909 shifta1920 1920 Geogr. Jrnl. 56 353 The banks of the [Omo] river were covered with dense thorn forest, having an unsavoury reputation for harbouring bands of ‘shiftas’, or brigands. 1967 Washington Post 29 Oct. a25/2 A few months ago the thought of negotiating an end to the Shifta war seemed unlikely. 1989 J. Gebre-Medhin Peasants & Nationalism Eritrea 157 The people's militia was formed to fight these pro-Ethiopian shifta. 2019 Sunday Nation (Kenya) (Nexis) 5 May His Toyota Land Cruisers dodged shifta bandits to deliver miraa to towns like Mandera and, across the border, in Bura Hawa inside Somalia. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022). < n.1920
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