shallowadj.¹n.³

Brit.

/ˈʃaləʊ/, U.S.

/ˈʃæloʊ/

Forms: Middle English schalowe, Middle English–1600s shalow, 1500s Scottish schallow, 1500s–1600s shallowe, 1500s– shallow.

Etymology: Early 15th cent. schalowe , probably related in some way to the synonymous schald (Old English sceald ): see shoal adj.There may have been an Old English *scealu ( < *skalwo- ) or *scealg ( < *skalgo- ), < the root of sceald (*skaldo- ) with a different suffix; but no such formation is known in English, and the cognate languages afford no light. It is unlikely that schalowe is a compound < schald shoal adj. + low adj.

A. adj.¹

a. Not deep, having little extension in a downward direction: said e.g. of water, of a dish or tray, of a depression or excavation in the ground.

ΘΠ

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > vertical extent > shallowness > [adjective]

shoal839

undeepc897

shallow14..

ebbc1425

fluec1440

light1556

fleet1629

depthless1816

14.. Trevisa's Higden (Rolls) III. 131 [Camb. MS.] Þanne þe kyng..made his auowe þat he wolde make þat greet ryuer so schalowe [Cotton MS. a1400 schoolt] þat þe water schulde nouȝt reche to women kneen þat wolde wade ouer.

c1440 Partonope 739 The Shippe was grete he myght not passe For the water so shalow was.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 447/2 Schold, or schalowe, noȝte depe, as water or oþer lyke.

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 22 If it [sc. the furrow] be shallowe in one place, and deepe in an other, it declares the grounde to be euill handled in the plowing.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 739 When the river in summer time is very ebbe and shallow.

1717 G. Berkeley Jrnls. Trav. Italy 22 May in Wks. (1955) VII. 276 Port shallow not admitting ships of any burden.

1865 E. Meteyard Life J. Wedgwood I. iii. 98 Their [sc. pot-works] vicinity marked by shallow excavations for clay.

1907 J. A. Hodges Elem. Photogr. (ed. 6) 27 The various manipulations..are usually carried out in shallow dishes, or trays.

b. Of the soil of agricultural land: Forming only a thin stratum over rock.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > soil qualities > [adjective] > shallow

fleet1707

shallow1731

1731 J. Tull New Horse-houghing Husbandry 114 If the Soil be shallow, it may be broke up with a narrow Furrow.

1760 R. Brown Compl. Farmer: Pt. 2 63 On poor light shallow land some sow a small white pea.

1849 F. W. Robertson Serm. 1st Ser. ii. 22 Shallow soil is like superficial character.

c. absol. in superlative = shallowest part.

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1271/2 The same snow was found in London to lie two foot deepe in the shallowest.

d. transferred. Of actions, etc.

1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 626 Experienced agriculturists..upon the whole advise shallow ploughings.

1860 M. F. Maury Physical Geogr. Sea (ed. 8) ix. 234 Now compare the shallow soundings in these lakes with the great depths of the arctic ocean.

e. Designating wells which are sunk into a superficial permeable stratum and collect the surface waters only.

1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 404/2 Shallow wells, sunk in the ordinary manner, have long been used for collecting moderate supplies of water.

1905 G. F. Goodchild & C. F. Tweney Technol. & Sci. Dict. s.v. Sanitation Shallow well water is always to be looked upon with suspicion.

2. Extending only a short distance inward from the surface or from the front towards the back. Of a lens: Having slight convexity or concavity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > vertical extent > shallowness > [adjective] > extending short distance from surface or front

shallow1545

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > lens > [adjective] > types of lenses

convex?a1560

planoconvex1665

concavo-convex1677

convexo-concave1693

strong1732

aplanatic1799

periscopic1803

omphaloptic1819

polyzonal1823

shallow1837

first-order1846

periscopical1846

orthoscopic1853

rectilinear1874

overcorrected1875

sphero-cylindrical1881

wide-aperture1882

afocal1887

apochromatic1887

anastigmatic1890

telecentric1892

photovisual1899

aspherical1922

aspheric1923

multifocal1928

plano1944

demagnifying1959

1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus ii. f. 14 The nocke of the shafte is dyuersly made, for some be greate and full..some depe, some shalowe.

1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus ii. f. 14 The shalow, and rownde nocke is best for our purpose in prickyng for cleane delyueraunce of a shoote.

1679 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. vii. 130 Or you may make the Rooms next the Front deeper or shallower, and leave the remainder for the Back Room.

1764 G. Williams in J. H. Jesse G. Selwyn & his Contemp. (1843) I. 320 I wish you would let me trouble you to buy two pair of point-ruffles,..and pray let them be shallow.

1837 C. R. Goring & A. Pritchard Micrographia 60 If you use the focus of a very deep lens to measure that of a shallow one, then [etc.].

1849 J. H. Parker Introd. Study Gothic Archit. ii. 49 If the sculpture is early it is very rude, and the work is shallow.

1886 R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. II. 619 A shallow bow-window.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 842 The ulcer is shallow.

†3. Placed not far below the surface. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > low position > [adjective] > situated or placed under > not far below the surface

shallow1697

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 120 The lab'ring Swain Scratch'd with a Rake, a Furrow for his Grain: And cover'd, with his hand, the shallow Seed again.

†4. Of sound: Lacking resonance, ‘thin’. Obsolete.

ΘΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > non-resonance > [adjective]

deada1533

sullen1599

wooden1609

flat1626

shallow1626

lumpish1742

dowf1768

toneless1773

deadish1783

insonorous1795

tubby1807

veiled1816

puffy1832

narrow-toned1865

woolly1872

woody1875

dull1878

irresonant1899

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §223 If a Virginall were made with a double Concaue..as the Harpe hath; It must needs make the Sound perfecter, and not so Shallow and Iarring.

5. Of respiration: Slight, ‘diaphragmatic’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disordered breathing > [adjective] > shallow breathing

shallow1875

atelectatic1881

1875 H. C. Wood Treat. Therapeutics (1879) 435 The respiration progressively rendered slower and shallower by a direct action upon the centre.

6. figurative.

a. Of thought, reasoning, observation, knowledge, or feeling: Lacking depth, superficial.

ΘΠ

the mind > emotion > [adjective] > superficial

shallowc1595

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > weakness of intellect > [adjective] > of mind, thought, etc.

feeble1393

weak1423

unsubtlea1500

shallowc1595

uncapacious1635

unprofound1677

shoal1728

rickety1738

sicklya1771

inexcursive1837

no-brow1922

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > superficial knowledge > [adjective] > of knowledge, etc.: superficial

superficial1559

shallowc1595

superficiary1605

women's magazine1921

the world > existence and causation > existence > substantiality or concreteness > unsubstantiality or abstractness > [adjective] > superficial

thin?c1225

superficialc1456

shallowc1595

superficiary1605

eccentric1633

outside1644

tenuious1656

swimminga1680

outwarda1682

two-dimensional1934

c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme xcii. 15 in Coll. Wks. (1998) II. 139 What witt can..deeply sound thy shallowst thought?

a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) i. i. 21 That's on some shallow Storie of deepe loue, How yong Leander crost the Hellespont.

1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker II. 177 That were but shallow policy—it would only serve to make the satire more cutting and severe.

1812 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Cantos I & II i. xxv. 20 He..turn'd a nation's shallow joy to gloom.

1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) IV. 269 The term ‘sensational’ is rightly used to express what is shallow in thought and feeling.

b. Qualifying an agent-noun, or said of a person with reference to knowledge, exposition, etc. Also †not deeply versed in.

ΘΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > superficial knowledge > [adjective]

sciolousa1400

superficial1559

smattering1581

superficial1603

shallowa1616

lip-learned1683

sciolistic1830

superficialized1907

a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) i. iii. 42 Clo... I hope to haue friends for my wiues sake. Cou. Such friends are thine enemies knaue. Clo. Y'are shallow Madam in great friends, for the knaues come to doe that for me which I am a wearie of.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 544 Beholders rude, and shallow to discerne Half what in thee is fair.

1771 J. Wesley Jrnl. 25 Aug. (1827) III. 428 O how hard it is to be shallow enough for a polite audience!

1818 Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 33 58 Shallow, indeed, must be those observers, who regard the predictions of Paine as having been falsified.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 484 Thus a shallow observer may be led to give the assurance that there is no cause for further anxiety.

c. Of persons and their attributes: Wanting in depth of mind, feeling, or character.

ΘΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > light-mindedness > [adjective]

lightlyeOE

lightOE

lightsomea1425

flying1509

light-minded?1529

tickle or light of the sear?1530

giddya1547

light-headed1549

gidded1563

giddish1566

fling-brained1570

tickle-headed1583

toyish1584

shallow1594

leger1598

corky1601

barmy1602

airy1609

unfirma1616

unballast1622

cork-brained1630

unballasted1644

kickshawa1655

unserious1655

unstudious1663

flirtishc1665

caper-witteda1670

shatter-headedc1686

corky-brained1699

flea-lugged1724

halokit1724

shatter-brained1727

scattered-brained1747

shatter-witted1775

flippant1791

butterfly-brained1796

scatter-brained1804

gossamer1806

shandy-pated1806

shattery1820

barmy-brained1823

papilionaceous1832

flirtatious1834

flirty1840

Micawberish1859

scatterheaded1867

flibberty-gibberty1879

thistledown1897

shatter-pated1901

trivial-minded1905

scattery1924

fizgig1928

ditzy1979

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [adjective] > insubstantial

thin?c1225

lighta1413

superficiala1425

sleevelessc1450

frivolous1549

frothy1593

windy1593

shallow1594

airy1600

ghostlessa1603

sleazy1648

tenuious1656

wishy-washy1693

gauzy1774

lathery1803

wish-washy1814

tenuousa1817

toy1821

flimsy1827

airy-fairy1857

facile1857

feeblish1882

popcorn1973

1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. H1 Out idle wordes, seruants to shallow fooles.

a1665 K. Digby Jrnl. Voy. to Mediterranean (1868) Pref. p. vii Not merely kept the shallow and impetuous Sir Everard steady, but [etc.].

1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 504. ⁋4 Shallow fops, who are governed by the eye, and admire every thing that struts in vogue.

1870 J. H. Newman Ess. Gram. Assent i. iii. 32 To apprehend notionally is to have breadth of mind but to be shallow.

d. Indicative of shallowness.

ΘΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > light-mindedness > [adjective] > of thought, attitude

shallow1822

what-the-hell1968

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [adjective] > insubstantial > indicative of shallowness

shallow1822

1822 W. Hazlitt Table-talk II. v. 96 To be deceived by shallow boasting.

1829 R. Southey Poet. Epist. to A. Cunningham 185 The..shallow laugh Of one who would [etc.].

7. quasi-adv. To or at a slight depth.

ΘΠ

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > vertical extent > shallowness > [adverb]

shoalc1315

shallowly1593

fleet1633

shallowa1706

fleetly1844

a1706 J. Evelyn Sculptura (1906) ii. v. 27 Grave your vernished plate with a very fine poynt..and eate it but shallow with your Aqua Fortis.

1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry xvi. 334 They should be sow'd but shallow, an Inch or an Inch and a half being deep enough.

1799 A. Young Gen. View Agric. County Lincoln 71 It includes a scarificator, with a bush of thorns, and cuts deeper or shallower at pleasure.

1867 F. Francis Bk. Angling iv. 88 It is sometimes necessary to..fish shallow.

1892 Photogr. Ann. II. 269 The notches..had better be filed very shallow at first.

B. n.³

a. A shallow part of a piece of water, of the sea, of a lake or river; shallow water; a shallow place.

ΘΠ

the world > the earth > water > body of water > [noun] > shallow place

shoal839

shoala1400

bank?1473

undeep1513

shelf1545

flat1550

vadea1552

ford1563

shallow1571

shoaling1574

ebbs1577

shelve1582

bridge1624

ballow1677

shamble1769

sharp1776

poling ground1901

sea-shoal1903

1571 Act 13 Eliz. c. 18 §5 The Shyriffes..shall..cause..the saide newe Cut..to be suffyciently clensed of all the Shelfes and Shallowes.

1596 Raigne of Edward III sig. F1^v By whose cunning guide, We found the shalow of this Riuer Sone.

1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 121 Jarsey..is environed with Rocks and dangerous Shallowes.

1670 J. Milton Hist. Brit. ii. 37 Ours who well knew thir own advantages, and expertly us'd them, now in the shallows, now on the Sand.

1777 W. Robertson Hist. Amer. (1778) I. iv. 376 Two men can carry them, wherever shallows or cataracts obstruct the navigation.

1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake i. 39 And the bittern sound his drum, Booming from the sedgy shallow.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. v. 556 A place where it was protected by rocks and shallows.

1874 A. O'Shaughnessy Music & Moonlight 21 I have gleaned them from tide And cavern and shallow.

b. figurative.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) iv. ii. 273 There is a Tide in the affayres of men, Which taken at the Flood, leades on to Fortune: Omitted, all the voyage of their life, Is bound in Shallowes, and in Miseries.

1819 W. Scott Bride of Lammermoor iii, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. III. 34 She sounded every depth and shallow of her daughter's soul.

1890 C. Rossetti Poet. Wks. (1904) 280/2 Thy will Chose love not in the shallows but the deep.

†2. A kind of hat. Obsolete. Shaking in the Shallow: ? some game in which a hat of this kind was used as a dice-box or the like.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > hat > shallow

skimming-dish hat1766

shallow1795

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > [noun] > other dice games

rafflec1405

passagec1425

treygobet1426

mumchance1528

trey-trip1564

lots?1577

novum?1577

fox-mine-host1622

in and in1630

merry main1664

snake1688

pass-dice1753

chicken hazard1781

Shaking in the Shallow1795

sequin hazard1825

chuck-a-luck1836

Newmarket1837

chicken1849

poker dice1870

under and over1890

sweat1894

crown and anchor1902

Murrumbidgee1917

beetle1936

liar dice1946

Yahtzee1957

1795 Sporting Mag. 6 139 They went into a back parlour to play at Shaking in the Shallow.

1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. 205 Shallow, a hat.

1823 in Spirit of Public Jrnls. 421 A great flaming bunch of blood-red ribbons pinned upon his battered whitey-brown shallow.

1830 N. S. Wheaton Jrnl. 190 The tightly-laced dandy, with his fan-tailed shallow smartly stuck on one side of his bison-head.

a. A flat basket used by costermongers and street-hawkers.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > basket > [noun] > large > and shallow

flasket1460

skull?a1513

trencher-basket1630

shallow1851

1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 27/1 Baskets of various kinds; as..the square and oval ‘shallow’, fastened in front of the fruit-woman with a strap round the waist.

1889 Standard 20 Sept. The common flowers they hawk in their hand-barrows and ‘shallows’.

b. A costermonger's cart.

ΘΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > cart or wagon for conveying goods > [noun] > types of > cart (usually two-wheeled) > as used by costermongers

shallow1859

Whitechapel brougham1860

1859 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock (1861) 33 There is a cobweb of wheeled vehicles of all sorts, from a cab to a hybrid construction something between a wheel-barrow and a costermonger's shallow.

1896 Morison Child Jago 33 A donkey employed to drag a cranky shallow, stored with glass bottles.

4. Astronomy. (See quot.)

ΚΠ

1801 Herschel in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 91 267 Shallows are extensive and level depressions of the luminous solar clouds, generally surrounding the openings to a considerable distance.

1801 Herschel in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 91 4, 1801. There is a large opening much past the centre of the sun, with a shallow about it.

Compounds

C1. Parasynthetic derivatives.

shallow-conceited adj.

a1674 T. Traherne Christian Ethicks (1675) 339 These Self, but shallow conceited Ranters.

shallow-footed adj.

1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes H 4 Some superficial slime of poison hast thou driueld from thy pen in thy shallow footed sliding through my Supplication.

shallow-forded adj.

1678 J. Dryden All for Love iv. 58 But I am made a shallow-forded Stream, Seen to the bottom.

shallow-headed adj.

1647 J. Trapp Comm. Epist. & Rev. (1 Cor. iv. 10) These Corinthians undervalued and depressed Paul under their silly shallow-headed verbalists.

shallow-hearted adj.

1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus iv. ii. 96 What, what, yee sanguine shallow harted boies.

1842 Ld. Tennyson Locksley Hall in Poems (new ed.) II. 96 O my cousin, shallow-hearted! O my Amy, mine no more!

shallow-hulled adj.

1901 Munsey's Mag. 24 454/1 Shallow-hulled vessels are particularly liable to this defect.

shallow-minded adj.

1817 Lady Morgan France (1818) I. iii. 272 (note) Mad. de Pompadour has left behind her, in France, the character of an ignorant, shallow-minded, and vindictive woman.

† shallow-mored adj. Obsolete

a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1757) 452 In treading on such barley as was shallow-mored it would stick to their shoes.

shallow-rooted adj.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) iii. i. 31 Now 'tis the Spring, and Weeds are shallow-rooted .

shallow-sighted adj.

1706 C. Cibber Perolla & Izadora iii. 35 Poor shallow-sighted Man!

shallow-soiled adj.

1827 R. Pollok Course of Time I. iv. 168 These, like ephemera sprung in a day, From lean and shallow soiled brains of sand.

shallow-thoughted adj.

1858 H. Spencer Ess. 1st Ser. 145 Men who..prove themselves shallow-thoughted and cold-hearted.

shallow-toothed adj.

1857 T. Moore Handbk. Brit. Ferns (ed. 3) 43 [Pinnules] shallow-toothed.

shallow witted adj.

1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso (1674) i. lxxiv. 92 They were..held for..shallow-witted people.

C2. Attributive use of phrases.

† shallow-bay adj. Obsolete

1795 J. Phillips Gen. Hist. Inland Navigation (rev. ed.) 319 No vessel drawing above six feet and a half can navigate it, unless the practice of shipping in shallow-bay harbours be adopted.

shallow-draught adj.

1894 Daily News 28 Nov. 2/5 A contract..for the immediate construction of two shallow-draft stern-wheel gunboats.

shallow-level adj.

1902 Daily Chron. 2 Dec. 6/5 The report of the..Commission, which pronounced strongly in favour of the shallow-level ‘tube’.

shallow-sea adj.

1873 C. Kingsley Glaucus (ed. 5) 82 Deep-sea or shallow-sea deposits.

shallow-water adj.

ΘΠ

the world > the earth > water > body of water > [adjective] > shallow > relating to shallow water

shoal water1874

shallow-water1880

1880 A. R. Wallace Island Life 90 They are all comparatively shallow-water forms.

C3. Adverbial with present and past participles.

shallow-read adj.

1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub v. 119 The Art of being Deep learned, and Shallow read.

shallow-rooting adj.

1887 Daily News 16 July 3/8 The shallow-rooting turnip plants were going through a struggle for life in the parched surface soil.

shallow-searching adj.

1645 J. Milton Arcades in Poems 53 And lead ye where ye may more neer behold What shallow-searching Fame hath left untold.

† shallow-ebbed adj. Obsolete

1600 S. Nicholson Acolastus his After-witte sig. C2 Perchance thou seest my shallow-ebd estate.

C4.

shallow end n. spec. of a swimming-pool; also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > water sports except racing > swimming > [noun] > swimming pool > parts of

deep end1921

shallow end1924

1924 ‘I. Hay’ (title) The shallow end.

1929 R. Hughes High Wind in Jamaica i. 9 The little ones, of course, only splashed about the shallow end: but John and Emily dived.

1972 J. Rossiter Rope for General Dietz vi. 78 She broke away, swimming to the shallow end and climbing out.

shallow-waisted adj. (see quot.).

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Shallow-waisted, flush-decked vessels are thus termed, in contradistinction to the deep-waisted.

shallow well n. a well that is not deep; spec. (see quot. 1972 for shallow end n.).

ΘΠ

the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > well

water piteOE

wellOE

pitOE

pulkc1300

draw-wellc1410

draught-wellc1440

winchc1440

brine-well1594

salt spring1601

sump1680

pump well1699

spout-well1710

sump hole1754

pit-well1756

sink1804

bucket-well1813

artesian well1829

shallow well1877

dip-well1894

garland-well1897

village pump1925

1877 J. T. Fanning Pract. Treat. Water Supply Engin. i. vii. 104 Shallow well and spring supplies are, usually, yields of water from the drift formation alone.

1943 Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists 27 838 Of the shallow wells drilled for gas, 80 per cent were producers and 20 per cent were dry.

1959 E. A. Ackerman & G. O. G. Löf Technol. in Amer. Water Devel. x. 281 The first irrigation was from shallow wells within the suction lift of centrifugal and piston pumps.

1972 Gloss. Geol. (Amer. Geol. Inst.) 650/2 Shallow well. (a) A water well..that taps the shallowest aquifer in the vicinity. The water is generally unconfined ground water. (b) A well whose water level is shallow enough to permit use of a shallow-well (suction) pump, the practical lift of which is taken as 22 ft.

Derivatives

ˈshallowish adj. somewhat shallow.

ΘΠ

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > vertical extent > shallowness > [adjective] > somewhat

shallowish1853

1853 G. J. Cayley Las Alforjas II. 69 A slight dip, which gradually deepened into a shallowish valley.

ˈshallowist n. = shallowling n.Apparently an isolated use.

ΘΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > one who is unimportant > insubstantial

hud1549

puff paste1602

shallowling1616

groll1637

shaup1728

shallowist1799

1799 S. T. Coleridge Lett. 16 Sept. (1895) 306 Kendall, a poet, who really looks like a man of genius pale and gnostic, has the merit of being a Jacobin or so, but is a shallowist.

† ˈshallowling n. Obsolete a shallow, superficial person.

ΘΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > one who is unimportant > insubstantial

hud1549

puff paste1602

shallowling1616

groll1637

shaup1728

shallowist1799

1616 J. Sylvester Tobacco Battered 346 Can wee suppose, that any Shallowling Can find much Good in oft Tobacconing?

Draft additions September 2004

shallow-fried adj. that has been fried in a small amount of cooking oil or fat.

ΚΠ

1983 Lethbridge (Alberta) Herald 16 Mar. b9/4 Avoid deep-fried or shallow-fried food when possible.

2003 Herald Sun (Melbourne) (Nexis) 7 Oct. 53 Shallow-fried calamari ($12.50) were cooked just to gelatinousness, the rings' surfaces in places retaining a dag or two of fatty flour.

Draft additions September 2004

shallow-fry v. transitive to fry (food) in a small amount of cooking oil or fat (contrasted with deep-fry); also intransitive.

ΚΠ

1941 Zanesville (Ohio) Times Recorder 24 Oct. 11 b/4 Fritters may be shallow-fried, turning to brown on both sides.

1985 R. Fernandez Malaysian Cookery 20 Because of the wok's shape the heat is spread evenly, and you can stir-fry, shallow-fry, steam and by using a lid, braise, simmer or boil.

2004 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 20 Jan. 11 Stuff zucchini flowers with breadcrumbs,..dust with flour and shallow-fry in olive oil.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	shallow
释义	† shallown.¹ Forms: In 1500s schallaw, schallow. Etymology: < Gaelic sealbh. Scottish. Obsolete. A drove, a flock. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > flock of eowdeOE hirsel1366 shallow1550 sheepfold1590 oviary1623 keepinga1642 1550 in W. Cramond Rec. Elgin (1903) I. 102 Ilk schallow of scheip xii d. to be pait to the pundoris..and it salbe lesum to the takaris to pund the haill guiddis or ane best of the schallaw. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2021). shallown.² Brit. /ˈʃaləʊ/, U.S. /ˈʃæloʊ/ Etymology: Old English scealga , scylga weak masculine, perhaps < scealig scaly, < scealu* shale n.¹, scale. dialect. A freshwater fish, the rudd n.¹ ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > superorder Ostariophysi or order Cypriniformes > [noun] > suborder Cyprinoidei > family Cyprinidae (minnows and carps) > genus Leuciscus > leuciscus erythrophthalmus (rudd) shallowc1050 rudd1526 red-eyea1672 finscale1677 redtail1740 c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 180 Rocea, scylga. a1100 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 319 Rocea, scealga. 1712 J. Morton Nat. Hist. Northants. 419 The Fish here called a Shallow, found in..our Rivers,..a Scaly Fish, in shape betwixt a Roache and a Breame. 1880–4 F. Day Fishes Great Brit. & Ireland II. 184 Leuciscus erythrophthalmus..Rudd,..Shallow (East). This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022). shallowadj.¹n.³ Brit. /ˈʃaləʊ/, U.S. /ˈʃæloʊ/ Forms: Middle English schalowe, Middle English–1600s shalow, 1500s Scottish schallow, 1500s–1600s shallowe, 1500s– shallow. Etymology: Early 15th cent. schalowe , probably related in some way to the synonymous schald (Old English sceald ): see shoal adj.There may have been an Old English scealu ( < skalwo- ) or scealg ( < skalgo- ), < the root of sceald (skaldo- ) with a different suffix; but no such formation is known in English, and the cognate languages afford no light. It is unlikely that schalowe* is a compound < schald shoal adj. + low adj. A. adj.¹ 1. a. Not deep, having little extension in a downward direction: said e.g. of water, of a dish or tray, of a depression or excavation in the ground. ΘΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > vertical extent > shallowness > [adjective] shoal839 undeepc897 shallow14.. ebbc1425 fluec1440 light1556 fleet1629 depthless1816 14.. Trevisa's Higden (Rolls) III. 131 [Camb. MS.] Þanne þe kyng..made his auowe þat he wolde make þat greet ryuer so schalowe [Cotton MS. a1400 schoolt] þat þe water schulde nouȝt reche to women kneen þat wolde wade ouer. c1440 Partonope 739 The Shippe was grete he myght not passe For the water so shalow was. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 447/2 Schold, or schalowe, noȝte depe, as water or oþer lyke. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 22 If it [sc. the furrow] be shallowe in one place, and deepe in an other, it declares the grounde to be euill handled in the plowing. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 739 When the river in summer time is very ebbe and shallow. 1717 G. Berkeley Jrnls. Trav. Italy 22 May in Wks. (1955) VII. 276 Port shallow not admitting ships of any burden. 1865 E. Meteyard Life J. Wedgwood I. iii. 98 Their [sc. pot-works] vicinity marked by shallow excavations for clay. 1907 J. A. Hodges Elem. Photogr. (ed. 6) 27 The various manipulations..are usually carried out in shallow dishes, or trays. b. Of the soil of agricultural land: Forming only a thin stratum over rock. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > soil qualities > [adjective] > shallow fleet1707 shallow1731 1731 J. Tull New Horse-houghing Husbandry 114 If the Soil be shallow, it may be broke up with a narrow Furrow. 1760 R. Brown Compl. Farmer: Pt. 2 63 On poor light shallow land some sow a small white pea. 1849 F. W. Robertson Serm. 1st Ser. ii. 22 Shallow soil is like superficial character. c. absol. in superlative = shallowest part. Π 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1271/2 The same snow was found in London to lie two foot deepe in the shallowest. d. transferred. Of actions, etc. Π 1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 626 Experienced agriculturists..upon the whole advise shallow ploughings. 1860 M. F. Maury Physical Geogr. Sea (ed. 8) ix. 234 Now compare the shallow soundings in these lakes with the great depths of the arctic ocean. e. Designating wells which are sunk into a superficial permeable stratum and collect the surface waters only. Π 1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 404/2 Shallow wells, sunk in the ordinary manner, have long been used for collecting moderate supplies of water. 1905 G. F. Goodchild & C. F. Tweney Technol. & Sci. Dict. s.v. Sanitation Shallow well water is always to be looked upon with suspicion. 2. Extending only a short distance inward from the surface or from the front towards the back. Of a lens: Having slight convexity or concavity. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > vertical extent > shallowness > [adjective] > extending short distance from surface or front shallow1545 the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > lens > [adjective] > types of lenses convex?a1560 planoconvex1665 concavo-convex1677 convexo-concave1693 strong1732 aplanatic1799 periscopic1803 omphaloptic1819 polyzonal1823 shallow1837 first-order1846 periscopical1846 orthoscopic1853 rectilinear1874 overcorrected1875 sphero-cylindrical1881 wide-aperture1882 afocal1887 apochromatic1887 anastigmatic1890 telecentric1892 photovisual1899 aspherical1922 aspheric1923 multifocal1928 plano1944 demagnifying1959 1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus ii. f. 14 The nocke of the shafte is dyuersly made, for some be greate and full..some depe, some shalowe. 1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus ii. f. 14 The shalow, and rownde nocke is best for our purpose in prickyng for cleane delyueraunce of a shoote. 1679 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. vii. 130 Or you may make the Rooms next the Front deeper or shallower, and leave the remainder for the Back Room. 1764 G. Williams in J. H. Jesse G. Selwyn & his Contemp. (1843) I. 320 I wish you would let me trouble you to buy two pair of point-ruffles,..and pray let them be shallow. 1837 C. R. Goring & A. Pritchard Micrographia 60 If you use the focus of a very deep lens to measure that of a shallow one, then [etc.]. 1849 J. H. Parker Introd. Study Gothic Archit. ii. 49 If the sculpture is early it is very rude, and the work is shallow. 1886 R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. II. 619 A shallow bow-window. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 842 The ulcer is shallow. †3. Placed not far below the surface. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > low position > [adjective] > situated or placed under > not far below the surface shallow1697 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 120 The lab'ring Swain Scratch'd with a Rake, a Furrow for his Grain: And cover'd, with his hand, the shallow Seed again. View more context for this quotation †4. Of sound: Lacking resonance, ‘thin’. Obsolete. ΘΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > non-resonance > [adjective] deada1533 sullen1599 wooden1609 flat1626 shallow1626 lumpish1742 dowf1768 toneless1773 deadish1783 insonorous1795 tubby1807 veiled1816 puffy1832 narrow-toned1865 woolly1872 woody1875 dull1878 irresonant1899 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §223 If a Virginall were made with a double Concaue..as the Harpe hath; It must needs make the Sound perfecter, and not so Shallow and Iarring. 5. Of respiration: Slight, ‘diaphragmatic’. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disordered breathing > [adjective] > shallow breathing shallow1875 atelectatic1881 1875 H. C. Wood Treat. Therapeutics (1879) 435 The respiration progressively rendered slower and shallower by a direct action upon the centre. 6. figurative. a. Of thought, reasoning, observation, knowledge, or feeling: Lacking depth, superficial. ΘΠ the mind > emotion > [adjective] > superficial shallowc1595 the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > weakness of intellect > [adjective] > of mind, thought, etc. feeble1393 weak1423 unsubtlea1500 shallowc1595 uncapacious1635 unprofound1677 shoal1728 rickety1738 sicklya1771 inexcursive1837 no-brow1922 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > superficial knowledge > [adjective] > of knowledge, etc.: superficial superficial1559 shallowc1595 superficiary1605 women's magazine1921 the world > existence and causation > existence > substantiality or concreteness > unsubstantiality or abstractness > [adjective] > superficial thin?c1225 superficialc1456 shallowc1595 superficiary1605 eccentric1633 outside1644 tenuious1656 swimminga1680 outwarda1682 two-dimensional1934 c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme xcii. 15 in Coll. Wks. (1998) II. 139 What witt can..deeply sound thy shallowst thought? a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) i. i. 21 That's on some shallow Storie of deepe loue, How yong Leander crost the Hellespont. View more context for this quotation 1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker II. 177 That were but shallow policy—it would only serve to make the satire more cutting and severe. 1812 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Cantos I & II i. xxv. 20 He..turn'd a nation's shallow joy to gloom. 1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) IV. 269 The term ‘sensational’ is rightly used to express what is shallow in thought and feeling. b. Qualifying an agent-noun, or said of a person with reference to knowledge, exposition, etc. Also †not deeply versed in. ΘΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > superficial knowledge > [adjective] sciolousa1400 superficial1559 smattering1581 superficial1603 shallowa1616 lip-learned1683 sciolistic1830 superficialized1907 a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) i. iii. 42 Clo... I hope to haue friends for my wiues sake. Cou. Such friends are thine enemies knaue. Clo. Y'are shallow Madam in great friends, for the knaues come to doe that for me which I am a wearie of. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 544 Beholders rude, and shallow to discerne Half what in thee is fair. View more context for this quotation 1771 J. Wesley Jrnl. 25 Aug. (1827) III. 428 O how hard it is to be shallow enough for a polite audience! 1818 Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 33 58 Shallow, indeed, must be those observers, who regard the predictions of Paine as having been falsified. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 484 Thus a shallow observer may be led to give the assurance that there is no cause for further anxiety. c. Of persons and their attributes: Wanting in depth of mind, feeling, or character. ΘΠ the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > light-mindedness > [adjective] lightlyeOE lightOE lightsomea1425 flying1509 light-minded?1529 tickle or light of the sear?1530 giddya1547 light-headed1549 gidded1563 giddish1566 fling-brained1570 tickle-headed1583 toyish1584 shallow1594 leger1598 corky1601 barmy1602 airy1609 unfirma1616 unballast1622 cork-brained1630 unballasted1644 kickshawa1655 unserious1655 unstudious1663 flirtishc1665 caper-witteda1670 shatter-headedc1686 corky-brained1699 flea-lugged1724 halokit1724 shatter-brained1727 scattered-brained1747 shatter-witted1775 flippant1791 butterfly-brained1796 scatter-brained1804 gossamer1806 shandy-pated1806 shattery1820 barmy-brained1823 papilionaceous1832 flirtatious1834 flirty1840 Micawberish1859 scatterheaded1867 flibberty-gibberty1879 thistledown1897 shatter-pated1901 trivial-minded1905 scattery1924 fizgig1928 ditzy1979 the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [adjective] > insubstantial thin?c1225 lighta1413 superficiala1425 sleevelessc1450 frivolous1549 frothy1593 windy1593 shallow1594 airy1600 ghostlessa1603 sleazy1648 tenuious1656 wishy-washy1693 gauzy1774 lathery1803 wish-washy1814 tenuousa1817 toy1821 flimsy1827 airy-fairy1857 facile1857 feeblish1882 popcorn1973 1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. H1 Out idle wordes, seruants to shallow fooles. View more context for this quotation a1665 K. Digby Jrnl. Voy. to Mediterranean (1868) Pref. p. vii Not merely kept the shallow and impetuous Sir Everard steady, but [etc.]. 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 504. ⁋4 Shallow fops, who are governed by the eye, and admire every thing that struts in vogue. 1870 J. H. Newman Ess. Gram. Assent i. iii. 32 To apprehend notionally is to have breadth of mind but to be shallow. d. Indicative of shallowness. ΘΠ the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > light-mindedness > [adjective] > of thought, attitude shallow1822 what-the-hell1968 the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [adjective] > insubstantial > indicative of shallowness shallow1822 1822 W. Hazlitt Table-talk II. v. 96 To be deceived by shallow boasting. 1829 R. Southey Poet. Epist. to A. Cunningham 185 The..shallow laugh Of one who would [etc.]. 7. quasi-adv. To or at a slight depth. ΘΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > vertical extent > shallowness > [adverb] shoalc1315 shallowly1593 fleet1633 shallowa1706 fleetly1844 a1706 J. Evelyn Sculptura (1906) ii. v. 27 Grave your vernished plate with a very fine poynt..and eate it but shallow with your Aqua Fortis. 1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry xvi. 334 They should be sow'd but shallow, an Inch or an Inch and a half being deep enough. 1799 A. Young Gen. View Agric. County Lincoln 71 It includes a scarificator, with a bush of thorns, and cuts deeper or shallower at pleasure. 1867 F. Francis Bk. Angling iv. 88 It is sometimes necessary to..fish shallow. 1892 Photogr. Ann. II. 269 The notches..had better be filed very shallow at first. B. n.³ 1. a. A shallow part of a piece of water, of the sea, of a lake or river; shallow water; a shallow place. ΘΠ the world > the earth > water > body of water > [noun] > shallow place shoal839 shoala1400 bank?1473 undeep1513 shelf1545 flat1550 vadea1552 ford1563 shallow1571 shoaling1574 ebbs1577 shelve1582 bridge1624 ballow1677 shamble1769 sharp1776 poling ground1901 sea-shoal1903 1571 Act 13 Eliz. c. 18 §5 The Shyriffes..shall..cause..the saide newe Cut..to be suffyciently clensed of all the Shelfes and Shallowes. 1596 Raigne of Edward III sig. F1^v By whose cunning guide, We found the shalow of this Riuer Sone. 1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 121 Jarsey..is environed with Rocks and dangerous Shallowes. 1670 J. Milton Hist. Brit. ii. 37 Ours who well knew thir own advantages, and expertly us'd them, now in the shallows, now on the Sand. 1777 W. Robertson Hist. Amer. (1778) I. iv. 376 Two men can carry them, wherever shallows or cataracts obstruct the navigation. 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake i. 39 And the bittern sound his drum, Booming from the sedgy shallow. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. v. 556 A place where it was protected by rocks and shallows. 1874 A. O'Shaughnessy Music & Moonlight 21 I have gleaned them from tide And cavern and shallow. b. figurative. Π a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) iv. ii. 273 There is a Tide in the affayres of men, Which taken at the Flood, leades on to Fortune: Omitted, all the voyage of their life, Is bound in Shallowes, and in Miseries. View more context for this quotation 1819 W. Scott Bride of Lammermoor iii, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. III. 34 She sounded every depth and shallow of her daughter's soul. 1890 C. Rossetti Poet. Wks. (1904) 280/2 Thy will Chose love not in the shallows but the deep. †2. A kind of hat. Obsolete. Shaking in the Shallow: ? some game in which a hat of this kind was used as a dice-box or the like. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > hat > shallow skimming-dish hat1766 shallow1795 society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > [noun] > other dice games rafflec1405 passagec1425 treygobet1426 mumchance1528 trey-trip1564 lots?1577 novum?1577 fox-mine-host1622 in and in1630 merry main1664 snake1688 pass-dice1753 chicken hazard1781 Shaking in the Shallow1795 sequin hazard1825 chuck-a-luck1836 Newmarket1837 chicken1849 poker dice1870 under and over1890 sweat1894 crown and anchor1902 Murrumbidgee1917 beetle1936 liar dice1946 Yahtzee1957 1795 Sporting Mag. 6 139 They went into a back parlour to play at Shaking in the Shallow. 1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. 205 Shallow, a hat. 1823 in Spirit of Public Jrnls. 421 A great flaming bunch of blood-red ribbons pinned upon his battered whitey-brown shallow. 1830 N. S. Wheaton Jrnl. 190 The tightly-laced dandy, with his fan-tailed shallow smartly stuck on one side of his bison-head. 3. a. A flat basket used by costermongers and street-hawkers. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > basket > [noun] > large > and shallow flasket1460 skull?a1513 trencher-basket1630 shallow1851 1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 27/1 Baskets of various kinds; as..the square and oval ‘shallow’, fastened in front of the fruit-woman with a strap round the waist. 1889 Standard 20 Sept. The common flowers they hawk in their hand-barrows and ‘shallows’. b. A costermonger's cart. ΘΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > cart or wagon for conveying goods > [noun] > types of > cart (usually two-wheeled) > as used by costermongers shallow1859 Whitechapel brougham1860 1859 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock (1861) 33 There is a cobweb of wheeled vehicles of all sorts, from a cab to a hybrid construction something between a wheel-barrow and a costermonger's shallow. 1896 Morison Child Jago 33 A donkey employed to drag a cranky shallow, stored with glass bottles. 4. Astronomy. (See quot.) ΚΠ 1801 Herschel in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 91 267 Shallows are extensive and level depressions of the luminous solar clouds, generally surrounding the openings to a considerable distance. 1801 Herschel in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 91 4, 1801. There is a large opening much past the centre of the sun, with a shallow about it. Compounds C1. Parasynthetic derivatives. shallow-conceited adj. Π a1674 T. Traherne Christian Ethicks (1675) 339 These Self, but shallow conceited Ranters. shallow-footed adj. Π 1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes H 4 Some superficial slime of poison hast thou driueld from thy pen in thy shallow footed sliding through my Supplication. shallow-forded adj. Π 1678 J. Dryden All for Love iv. 58 But I am made a shallow-forded Stream, Seen to the bottom. shallow-headed adj. Π 1647 J. Trapp Comm. Epist. & Rev. (1 Cor. iv. 10) These Corinthians undervalued and depressed Paul under their silly shallow-headed verbalists. shallow-hearted adj. Π 1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus iv. ii. 96 What, what, yee sanguine shallow harted boies. View more context for this quotation 1842 Ld. Tennyson Locksley Hall in Poems (new ed.) II. 96 O my cousin, shallow-hearted! O my Amy, mine no more! shallow-hulled adj. Π 1901 Munsey's Mag. 24 454/1 Shallow-hulled vessels are particularly liable to this defect. shallow-minded adj. Π 1817 Lady Morgan France (1818) I. iii. 272 (note) Mad. de Pompadour has left behind her, in France, the character of an ignorant, shallow-minded, and vindictive woman. † shallow-mored adj. Obsolete Π a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1757) 452 In treading on such barley as was shallow-mored it would stick to their shoes. shallow-rooted adj. Π a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) iii. i. 31 Now 'tis the Spring, and Weeds are shallow-rooted . View more context for this quotation shallow-sighted adj. Π 1706 C. Cibber Perolla & Izadora iii. 35 Poor shallow-sighted Man! shallow-soiled adj. Π 1827 R. Pollok Course of Time I. iv. 168 These, like ephemera sprung in a day, From lean and shallow soiled brains of sand. shallow-thoughted adj. Π 1858 H. Spencer Ess. 1st Ser. 145 Men who..prove themselves shallow-thoughted and cold-hearted. shallow-toothed adj. Π 1857 T. Moore Handbk. Brit. Ferns (ed. 3) 43 [Pinnules] shallow-toothed. shallow witted adj. Π 1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso (1674) i. lxxiv. 92 They were..held for..shallow-witted people. C2. Attributive use of phrases. † shallow-bay adj. Obsolete Π 1795 J. Phillips Gen. Hist. Inland Navigation (rev. ed.) 319 No vessel drawing above six feet and a half can navigate it, unless the practice of shipping in shallow-bay harbours be adopted. shallow-draught adj. Π 1894 Daily News 28 Nov. 2/5 A contract..for the immediate construction of two shallow-draft stern-wheel gunboats. shallow-level adj. Π 1902 Daily Chron. 2 Dec. 6/5 The report of the..Commission, which pronounced strongly in favour of the shallow-level ‘tube’. shallow-sea adj. Π 1873 C. Kingsley Glaucus (ed. 5) 82 Deep-sea or shallow-sea deposits. shallow-water adj. ΘΠ the world > the earth > water > body of water > [adjective] > shallow > relating to shallow water shoal water1874 shallow-water1880 1880 A. R. Wallace Island Life 90 They are all comparatively shallow-water forms. C3. Adverbial with present and past participles. shallow-read adj. Π 1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub v. 119 The Art of being Deep learned, and Shallow read. shallow-rooting adj. Π 1887 Daily News 16 July 3/8 The shallow-rooting turnip plants were going through a struggle for life in the parched surface soil. shallow-searching adj. Π 1645 J. Milton Arcades in Poems 53 And lead ye where ye may more neer behold What shallow-searching Fame hath left untold. † shallow-ebbed adj. Obsolete Π 1600 S. Nicholson Acolastus his After-witte sig. C2 Perchance thou seest my shallow-ebd estate. C4. shallow end n. spec. of a swimming-pool; also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > water sports except racing > swimming > [noun] > swimming pool > parts of deep end1921 shallow end1924 1924 ‘I. Hay’ (title) The shallow end. 1929 R. Hughes High Wind in Jamaica i. 9 The little ones, of course, only splashed about the shallow end: but John and Emily dived. 1972 J. Rossiter Rope for General Dietz vi. 78 She broke away, swimming to the shallow end and climbing out. shallow-waisted adj. (see quot.). Π 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Shallow-waisted, flush-decked vessels are thus termed, in contradistinction to the deep-waisted. shallow well n. a well that is not deep; spec. (see quot. 1972 for shallow end n.). ΘΠ the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > well water piteOE wellOE pitOE pulkc1300 draw-wellc1410 draught-wellc1440 winchc1440 brine-well1594 salt spring1601 sump1680 pump well1699 spout-well1710 sump hole1754 pit-well1756 sink1804 bucket-well1813 artesian well1829 shallow well1877 dip-well1894 garland-well1897 village pump1925 1877 J. T. Fanning Pract. Treat. Water Supply Engin. i. vii. 104 Shallow well and spring supplies are, usually, yields of water from the drift formation alone. 1943 Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists 27 838 Of the shallow wells drilled for gas, 80 per cent were producers and 20 per cent were dry. 1959 E. A. Ackerman & G. O. G. Löf Technol. in Amer. Water Devel. x. 281 The first irrigation was from shallow wells within the suction lift of centrifugal and piston pumps. 1972 Gloss. Geol. (Amer. Geol. Inst.) 650/2 Shallow well. (a) A water well..that taps the shallowest aquifer in the vicinity. The water is generally unconfined ground water. (b) A well whose water level is shallow enough to permit use of a shallow-well (suction) pump, the practical lift of which is taken as 22 ft. Derivatives ˈshallowish adj. somewhat shallow. ΘΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > vertical extent > shallowness > [adjective] > somewhat shallowish1853 1853 G. J. Cayley Las Alforjas II. 69 A slight dip, which gradually deepened into a shallowish valley. ˈshallowist n. = shallowling n.Apparently an isolated use. ΘΠ the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > one who is unimportant > insubstantial hud1549 puff paste1602 shallowling1616 groll1637 shaup1728 shallowist1799 1799 S. T. Coleridge Lett. 16 Sept. (1895) 306 Kendall, a poet, who really looks like a man of genius pale and gnostic, has the merit of being a Jacobin or so, but is a shallowist. † ˈshallowling n. Obsolete a shallow, superficial person. ΘΠ the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > one who is unimportant > insubstantial hud1549 puff paste1602 shallowling1616 groll1637 shaup1728 shallowist1799 1616 J. Sylvester Tobacco Battered 346 Can wee suppose, that any Shallowling Can find much Good in oft Tobacconing? Draft additions September 2004 shallow-fried adj. that has been fried in a small amount of cooking oil or fat. ΚΠ 1983 Lethbridge (Alberta) Herald 16 Mar. b9/4 Avoid deep-fried or shallow-fried food when possible. 2003 Herald Sun (Melbourne) (Nexis) 7 Oct. 53 Shallow-fried calamari ($12.50) were cooked just to gelatinousness, the rings' surfaces in places retaining a dag or two of fatty flour. Draft additions September 2004 shallow-fry v. transitive to fry (food) in a small amount of cooking oil or fat (contrasted with deep-fry); also intransitive. ΚΠ 1941 Zanesville (Ohio) Times Recorder 24 Oct. 11 b/4 Fritters may be shallow-fried, turning to brown on both sides. 1985 R. Fernandez Malaysian Cookery 20 Because of the wok's shape the heat is spread evenly, and you can stir-fry, shallow-fry, steam and by using a lid, braise, simmer or boil. 2004 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 20 Jan. 11 Stuff zucchini flowers with breadcrumbs,..dust with flour and shallow-fry in olive oil. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2022). shallowadj.² Etymology: Perhaps suggested by shall-I-go-naked, used in dialect as adjective applied to scanty clothing.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈshallow. slang. Used in shallow cove, shallow dodge, shallow mort, shallow screever: see quots. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > poverty > mendicancy > [noun] > beggar > who goes nearly naked shallow cove1839 shivering-Jemmy1860 the mind > possession > poverty > mendicancy > [noun] > beggar > who goes nearly naked > female shallow mort1839 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to medium or technique > [noun] > pavement artist shallow screever1839 screever1841 flagstone artist1862 pavement artist1869 the mind > possession > poverty > mendicancy > [noun] > begging > a begging imposture maund1699 shallow dodge1869 1839 H. Brandon Dict. Flash or Cant Lang. in W. A. Miles Poverty, Mendicity & Crime 165/1 Shallow Coves, or Shallow Fellows,—fellows who go about the country, half-naked, with a Guernsey jacket, but no hat, shoes, nor stockings. 1842 Edinb. Rev. July 484 ‘Shallow Coves’ are impostors begging through the country as shipwrecked sailors. They generally choose winter, and always go nearly naked. 1842 Edinb. Rev. July 484 ‘Shallow Motts’ are females who, like the Shallow Coves, go nearly naked. 1859 J. C. Hotten Dict. Slang 90 Shallow screever, a man who sketches and draws on the pavement. 1869 J. Greenwood Seven Curses London 245 The ‘shaller’ or more properly ‘shallow’ dodge, is for a beggar to make capital of his rags and a disgusting condition of semi-nudity. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022). shallowv. Brit. /ˈʃaləʊ/, U.S. /ˈʃæloʊ/ Etymology: < shallow adj.¹ 1. a. transitive. To make shallow. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > vertical extent > shallowness > make shallow [verb (transitive)] shallow1510 1510 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Star Chamber (1903) I. 74 The seid Priour..by subtill and crafty meanes by his Fisshe~garthes so ebbeth and shalloweth the same porte. a1682 Sir T. Browne Certain Misc. Tracts (1684) 190 The Silt and Sands shall so choak and shallow the Sea in and about it. 1876 J. Orton Andes & Amazon (ed. 3) ii. xli. 563 The great equatorial lake, already shallowed by sediment, was drained. 1879 J. W. Boddam-Whetham Roraima & Brit. Guiana 141 The long drought had shallowed the river. b. figurative. ΚΠ 1745 E. Young Consolation 41 That Thought alone thy State impairs, Thy Lofty sinks, and shallows thy Profound. 1821 R. Pollok in D. Pollok Life 117 This, instead of shallowing or enfeebling the current of language, deepens and invigorates it. 1872 H. Bushnell Serm. Living Subj. 16 These sayings..are not vaporized and shallowed by much talk. c. transferred. To pass from a greater to a less depth of. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > [verb (transitive)] > pass into shallow water shoal1694 to strike ground (or soundings)1726 shoalen1731 shallow1793 1793 J. Rennell in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 83 189 In effect, in running 120 miles, we shallowed the water only nine fathoms. 2. intransitive. To become shallow, to diminish in depth. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > vertical extent > shallowness > become shallow(er) [verb (intransitive)] shallow1773 1773 J. Hawkesworth Acct. Voy. Southern Hemisphere III. iii. i. 504 The deepest water on that side is seven fathom, shallowing to five a good way up. 1823 W. Scoresby Jrnl. Voy. Northern Whale-fishery 342 The sea shallows considerably on approaching the West Land. 1883 G. M. Fenn Middy & Ensign xli. 247 The water,..as the river shallowed, came only to his waist. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.¹1550n.²c1050adj.¹n.³14..adj.²1839v.1510
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† shallown.1

shallown.2

shallowadj.1n.3

Compounds

Derivatives

Draft additions September 2004

Draft additions September 2004

shallowadj.2

shallowv.

† shallown.¹

shallown.²

shallowadj.¹n.³

shallowadj.²