shahn.

Brit.

/ʃɑː/, U.S.

/ʃɑ/

Forms: 1500s shawgh, 1500s–1600s shaugh, xa, 1500s–1800s shaw, 1600s sa(a, saha, scha, shawe, shagh, 1600s–1700s s(c)hach, schah, sha, 1800s shauh, 1600s– shah.

Etymology: < Persian shāh, shortened from Old Persian χšāyaþiya king, probably originally an adjective = ‘mighty’, allied to Sanskrit kšatra dominion, Greek κτᾶσθαι to acquire, get, κεκτῆσθαι to possess.

a. A Persian title equivalent to ‘king’; in Europe the usual designation of the monarch of Persia (Iran), the padishah n.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > other independent rulers > [noun] > shah

Sophy1539

shah1566

Great King1576

Sophy1606

Sufi1698

padishah1758

Shahanshah1815

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > titles applied to royalty > for a king or ruler > for foreign king or ruler

Sophy1539

shah1566

sophi1598

padishah1612

pangeran1616

Sophia1649

Nizam1769

rajaship1784

Shahanshah1815

inkosi1835

1566 A. Edwards Let. 26 Apr. in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) ii. 378 A noble man..in great fauour with the Shaugh.

c1575 Ducket in R. Hakluyt Voy. (1589) 422 The king of Persia..is called the Shawgh.

1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes I. ii. i. 32 Ismael the Persian Xa, or Sophi.

1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 250 The Kings of Persia were not called Schachs, as they are now.

1664 in G. Miege Relation of Three Embassies (1669) 268 The Shagh of Persia.

1747 Gentleman's Mag. Oct. 449/1 Advices from Ispahan confirm the death of the late Schah.

1825 T. Hook Sayings & Doings 2nd Ser. III. 396 Punkah'd by Ranees and salamed by Shaws.

1828 J. Morier Adventures Hajji Baba I. xiv. 158 The shah's throne, on which he sits to administer justice.

1897 L. J. Trotter Life J. Nicholson ii. 10 Calcutta had heard of the Shah's triumphant return to the Bala Hissar.

b. followed or preceded by a proper name.

ΚΠ

1566 A. Edwards Let. 26 Apr. in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) ii. 378 Thomas the Shaugh.

1589 A. Jenkinson in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations ii. 370 I was sent for to come before the sayd Sophie, otherwise called Shaw Thamas.

1601 R. Hakluyt tr. A. Galvano Discov. World 49 Shaugh Ismael king of Persia.

1614 J. Selden Titles of Honor 110 Ismael is vsually calld Ismael Schah, Shah, or Shach.

1683 W. Hedges Diary 12 May (1887) I. 87 Buglagotte, a place where Shaw Susa [i.e. Shujā'] fought a great battle with his brother, y^e present Emperour Aureng Zeeb.

1685 W. Hedges Diary 18 Sept. (1887) I. 211 I went to see y^e King of Persia, Sha Soliman, ride abroad to take y^e aire.

1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 171 His Grandfather was a Man in Esteem under Nisham Shaw.

1738 G. Smith Curious Relations II. 570 Shach Sefi caused not many Years ago one Side of the Wall to be lined with Marble Slabs.

1815 M. Elphinstone Acct. Kingdom Caubul Introd. 77 His voice, and manner, strongly resembled Shauh Shujaus.

1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India II. xii. i. 567 The death of Bahádur Sháh [at Lahor] was followed by the usual struggle among his sons.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	shah
释义	shahn. Brit. /ʃɑː/, U.S. /ʃɑ/ Forms: 1500s shawgh, 1500s–1600s shaugh, xa, 1500s–1800s shaw, 1600s sa(a, saha, scha, shawe, shagh, 1600s–1700s s(c)hach, schah, sha, 1800s shauh, 1600s– shah. Etymology: < Persian shāh, shortened from Old Persian χšāyaþiya king, probably originally an adjective = ‘mighty’, allied to Sanskrit kšatra dominion, Greek κτᾶσθαι to acquire, get, κεκτῆσθαι to possess. a. A Persian title equivalent to ‘king’; in Europe the usual designation of the monarch of Persia (Iran), the padishah n. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > other independent rulers > [noun] > shah Sophy1539 shah1566 Great King1576 Sophy1606 Sufi1698 padishah1758 Shahanshah1815 society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > titles applied to royalty > for a king or ruler > for foreign king or ruler Sophy1539 shah1566 sophi1598 padishah1612 pangeran1616 Sophia1649 Nizam1769 rajaship1784 Shahanshah1815 inkosi1835 1566 A. Edwards Let. 26 Apr. in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) ii. 378 A noble man..in great fauour with the Shaugh. c1575 Ducket in R. Hakluyt Voy. (1589) 422 The king of Persia..is called the Shawgh. 1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes I. ii. i. 32 Ismael the Persian Xa, or Sophi. 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 250 The Kings of Persia were not called Schachs, as they are now. 1664 in G. Miege Relation of Three Embassies (1669) 268 The Shagh of Persia. 1747 Gentleman's Mag. Oct. 449/1 Advices from Ispahan confirm the death of the late Schah. 1825 T. Hook Sayings & Doings 2nd Ser. III. 396 Punkah'd by Ranees and salamed by Shaws. 1828 J. Morier Adventures Hajji Baba I. xiv. 158 The shah's throne, on which he sits to administer justice. 1897 L. J. Trotter Life J. Nicholson ii. 10 Calcutta had heard of the Shah's triumphant return to the Bala Hissar. b. followed or preceded by a proper name. ΚΠ 1566 A. Edwards Let. 26 Apr. in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) ii. 378 Thomas the Shaugh. 1589 A. Jenkinson in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations ii. 370 I was sent for to come before the sayd Sophie, otherwise called Shaw Thamas. 1601 R. Hakluyt tr. A. Galvano Discov. World 49 Shaugh Ismael king of Persia. 1614 J. Selden Titles of Honor 110 Ismael is vsually calld Ismael Schah, Shah, or Shach. 1683 W. Hedges Diary 12 May (1887) I. 87 Buglagotte, a place where Shaw Susa [i.e. Shujā'] fought a great battle with his brother, y^e present Emperour Aureng Zeeb. 1685 W. Hedges Diary 18 Sept. (1887) I. 211 I went to see y^e King of Persia, Sha Soliman, ride abroad to take y^e aire. 1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 171 His Grandfather was a Man in Esteem under Nisham Shaw. 1738 G. Smith Curious Relations II. 570 Shach Sefi caused not many Years ago one Side of the Wall to be lined with Marble Slabs. 1815 M. Elphinstone Acct. Kingdom Caubul Introd. 77 His voice, and manner, strongly resembled Shauh Shujaus. 1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India II. xii. i. 567 The death of Bahádur Sháh [at Lahor] was followed by the usual struggle among his sons. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1566
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