Shabbosn.

Brit.

/ˈʃabəs/, U.S.

/ˈʃɑbəs/

Inflections: Plural Shabbosim.

Forms: 1700s Shabos, 1800s Shobhouse, 1800s– Shabbes, 1700s– Shabbos, 1900s– Shabas, 1900s– Shabbas, 1900s– Shabbuss, 1900s– Shabes, 1900s– Shabus, 1900s– Shobbas, 1900s– Shobbus.

Origin: A borrowing from Yiddish. Etymon: Yiddish shabes.

Etymology: < Yiddish shabes, also (regional) shobes < Hebrew šabbāṯ sabbath n., with Ashkenazic pronunciation of the Hebrew word. Compare earlier sabbath n. and later Shabbat n.Compare German Schabbes (early 18th cent. or earlier; < Yiddish). In plural form shabbosim after the Yiddish plural form shabosim. (The Hebrew plural form is šabbaṯōṯ, but in Yiddish many words which form an -ōṯ plural in Hebrew generalized the Hebrew plural form in -īm.)

In Jewish usage: the Sabbath (sabbath n. 1a), observed from sunset on Friday until sunset on Saturday, during which time the day is honoured by engaging in restful or religious activities instead of working; = Shabbat n. Frequently without article.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun]

rest dayeOE

sabbathc950

SundayeOE

Lord's daya1225

Sabbath-dayc1380

ceasing-day1382

Dominical day1553

Sabaotha1599

Dominical1638

Shabbos1771

Shabbat1824

1771 B. Etting Hays Let. 6 Aug. in Publ. Amer. Jewish Hist. Soc. (1920) 27 328 Unkle porposes keeping this Shabbos or next with you.

1880 Jewish Herald (Melbourne) 31 Dec. 34/1 ‘Good Shabbos!’ the children cried to their old house-friend.

1892 I. Zangwill Children of Ghetto I. 151 I shall have no fish for Shabbos.

1959 H. Pinter Birthday Party i. 14 After lunch on Shabbuss we'd go and sit in a couple of deck-chairs.

2008 Z. Heller Believers ix. 149 There are eidos—commandments that testify to past events, such as the observance of Shabbos and the High Holy Days.

Phrases

to make Shabbos [after Yiddish shabes makhn] : to observe or celebrate the Sabbath; = to make Shabbat at Shabbat n. Phrases.

ΚΠ

1905 Broadway Mag. Feb. 18/1 The exhibition of a few of my sketches of Hebrew life gained me a few friends and an invitation to make ‘Shabbos’ with one of them.

1975 C. Potok In Beginning ii. 126 Yesterday was such a nice day. It was a pleasure to make Shabbos yesterday.

2000 Jerusalem Post (Nexis) 20 Oct. 14 Every Friday, I had to borrow money for my mother to make shabbos.

Compounds

General use as a modifier, as in Shabbos candle, Shabbos guest, etc.See also Shabbos goy n., Shabbos goyah n.

ΚΠ

1876 ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda II. iv. xxxiii. 348 ‘Shlav'm Shabbes fyock on,’ said Adelaide Rebekah. ‘Her Sabbath frock... She'll have her Sabbath frock on this evening.’

1911 Reform Advocate 4 Mar. 94/1 The Shabbos guest was always provided with his meals, particularly when that guest was nothing less than a maggid.

1960 F. Raphael Limits of Love iii. iv. 317 The chauffeur always carried a box of good things..which the inmates came to enjoy on the following shabas eve.

1968 L. Rosten Joys of Yiddish 318 The wife and mother, dressed in her very best, lights the Shabbes candles and offers a benediction.

2008 Jerusalem Post (Nexis) 13 Oct. (Opinion section) 14 The first introduction to Judaism for non-affiliated Jews should be an invitation to a Shabbos meal.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	shabbos
释义	Shabbosn. Brit. /ˈʃabəs/, U.S. /ˈʃɑbəs/ Inflections: Plural Shabbosim. Forms: 1700s Shabos, 1800s Shobhouse, 1800s– Shabbes, 1700s– Shabbos, 1900s– Shabas, 1900s– Shabbas, 1900s– Shabbuss, 1900s– Shabes, 1900s– Shabus, 1900s– Shobbas, 1900s– Shobbus. Origin: A borrowing from Yiddish. Etymon: Yiddish shabes. Etymology: < Yiddish shabes, also (regional) shobes < Hebrew šabbāṯ sabbath n., with Ashkenazic pronunciation of the Hebrew word. Compare earlier sabbath n. and later Shabbat n.Compare German Schabbes (early 18th cent. or earlier; < Yiddish). In plural form shabbosim after the Yiddish plural form shabosim. (The Hebrew plural form is šabbaṯōṯ, but in Yiddish many words which form an -ōṯ plural in Hebrew generalized the Hebrew plural form in -īm.) In Jewish usage: the Sabbath (sabbath n. 1a), observed from sunset on Friday until sunset on Saturday, during which time the day is honoured by engaging in restful or religious activities instead of working; = Shabbat n. Frequently without article. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > liturgical year > Sabbath > [noun] rest dayeOE sabbathc950 SundayeOE Lord's daya1225 Sabbath-dayc1380 ceasing-day1382 Dominical day1553 Sabaotha1599 Dominical1638 Shabbos1771 Shabbat1824 1771 B. Etting Hays Let. 6 Aug. in Publ. Amer. Jewish Hist. Soc. (1920) 27 328 Unkle porposes keeping this Shabbos or next with you. 1880 Jewish Herald (Melbourne) 31 Dec. 34/1 ‘Good Shabbos!’ the children cried to their old house-friend. 1892 I. Zangwill Children of Ghetto I. 151 I shall have no fish for Shabbos. 1959 H. Pinter Birthday Party i. 14 After lunch on Shabbuss we'd go and sit in a couple of deck-chairs. 2008 Z. Heller Believers ix. 149 There are eidos—commandments that testify to past events, such as the observance of Shabbos and the High Holy Days. Phrases to make Shabbos [after Yiddish shabes makhn] : to observe or celebrate the Sabbath; = to make Shabbat at Shabbat n. Phrases. ΚΠ 1905 Broadway Mag. Feb. 18/1 The exhibition of a few of my sketches of Hebrew life gained me a few friends and an invitation to make ‘Shabbos’ with one of them. 1975 C. Potok In Beginning ii. 126 Yesterday was such a nice day. It was a pleasure to make Shabbos yesterday. 2000 Jerusalem Post (Nexis) 20 Oct. 14 Every Friday, I had to borrow money for my mother to make shabbos. Compounds General use as a modifier, as in Shabbos candle, Shabbos guest, etc.See also Shabbos goy n., Shabbos goyah n. ΚΠ 1876 ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda II. iv. xxxiii. 348 ‘Shlav'm Shabbes fyock on,’ said Adelaide Rebekah. ‘Her Sabbath frock... She'll have her Sabbath frock on this evening.’ 1911 Reform Advocate 4 Mar. 94/1 The Shabbos guest was always provided with his meals, particularly when that guest was nothing less than a maggid. 1960 F. Raphael Limits of Love iii. iv. 317 The chauffeur always carried a box of good things..which the inmates came to enjoy on the following shabas eve. 1968 L. Rosten Joys of Yiddish 318 The wife and mother, dressed in her very best, lights the Shabbes candles and offers a benediction. 2008 Jerusalem Post (Nexis) 13 Oct. (Opinion section) 14 The first introduction to Judaism for non-affiliated Jews should be an invitation to a Shabbos meal. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1771
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