bitter-comb. form

1. Adverbial and parasynthetic.

bitter-biting adj. (biting bitterly).

1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. iv. ii. 7 The Sharp-pointed Nose of bitter-biting Eurus.

1786 R. Burns Poems 171 The bitter-biting North.

bitter-blessed adj.

1848 C. Kingsley Saint's Trag. ii. xi. 135 The day I found the bitter-blessed cross.

bitter-hearted adj.

ΘΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > bitterness > [adjective]

bitterc1175

stomaching1579

amarulent1583

stomachous1590

gall-ful1596

gall-wet1597

virulent1607

stomachful1610

rancorousa1616

gallsome1633

bitter-hearted1775

vitriolic1841

1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 277 Bitter-hearted foes.

bitter-heartedness adj.

1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 43 Their word, which expresses ‘sharp,’ conveys the idea of bitter-heartedness.

bitter-pungent adj.

1884 R. Browning Ferishtah's Fancies 3 Sage-leaf is bitter-pungent.

bitter-rinded adj.

1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus ii. ii. 32/2 A prickly, bitter-rinded stone-fruit.

bitter-tasted adj.

bitter-well adj.

1850 E. B. Browning Poems II. 71 He laughed out bitter-well.

2. adj. In many names of plants and other productions.

a. Denoting a particular bitter variety of that to which the name is properly given.

bitter almond n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > edible nuts or nut-trees > [noun] > almond

amygdalc940

almonda1325

almond fruit1440

jordan almondc1440

valance1469

almond kernel1601

bitter almonda1640

badam1798

a1640 P. Massinger City-Madam (1658) iv. ii. 105 Quite forget Powders, and bitter almonds.

bitter bay n.

1755 T. Smollett tr. Cervantes Don Quixote I. ii. v. 64 Crowned with garlands of cypress, and bitter-bay.

bitter beer n. also fig.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > ale or beer > beer > [noun] > other kinds of beer

spruce beerc1500

March beer1535

Lubecks beer1608

zythum1608

household beer1616

bottle1622

mumc1623

old beer1626

six1631

four1633

maize beer1663

mum beer1667

vinegar beer1677

wrest-beer1689

nog1693

October1705

October beer1707

ship-beer1707

butt beer1730

starting beer1735

butt1743

peterman1767

seamen's beer1795

chang1800

treacle beer1806

stock beer1826

Iceland beer1828

East India pale ale1835

India pale ale1837

faro1847

she-oak1848

Bass1849

bitter beer1850

bock1856

treble X1856

Burton1861

nettle beer1864

honey beer1867

pivo1873

Lambic1889

steam beer1898

barley-beer1901

gueuze1926

Kriek1936

best1938

rough1946

keg1949

IPA1953

busaa1967

mbege1972

microbrew1985

microbeer1986

yeast-beer-

1850 Thackeray Pendennis II. xx. 200 The bitter beer hot and undrinkable.

1871 M. Collins Marquis & Merchant I. vi. 161, I supped on..cold beef and bitter beer.

1890 R. Kipling Barrack-room Ballads (1892) 4 ‘I've drunk 'is beer a score o' times,’ said Files-on-Parade. ‘'E's drinkin' bitter beer alone,’ the Colour-Sergeant said.

bitter oak n.

b. Specifying a distinct plant or substance. Also in other general collocations.

bitter-apple n. (= bitter gourd at gourd n.¹ 2a).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > bitter-apple plant or berry

wild vinea1382

coloquintidaa1398

coloquintc1420

wild gourd1540

colocynth1565

coloquinto1683

coloquintid1732

bitter gourd1755

bitter cucumber1811

karela1839

bitter-apple1865

1865 Morning Star 23 June He gave the bearer half an ounce of powdered colocynth commonly called bitter-apple.

bitter-ash n. a West Indian tree, Simaruba excelsa.

bitter bark n. a popular name for any of various shrubs and small trees (see quots.).

1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants 231/1 Pinckneya pubens, bitter-bark-tree, Fever-tree of Georgia.

1889 J. H. Maiden Useful Native Plants Austral. 198 Petalostigma quadriloculare, F.v.M...Bitter bark... The bark contains a very powerful bitter, said to have the same properties as cinchona.

1898 E. E. Morris Austral Eng. 31/2 Bitter-bark, an Australian tree, Petalostigma quadriloculare,..N.O. Euphorbiaceæ... The name is also applied to Tabernæmontana orientalis..N.O. Apocyneæ, and to Alstonia constricta..N.O. Apocynaceæ.

1955 Times 26 May 9/2 Alstonia constricta, or ‘bitter bark’, a new source of supply of the drug known as ‘reserpine’... Supplies have also been found in the roots of ‘bitter barks’ grown in India.

bitter-blain n. (in Suriname) a Creole name for Vandellia diffusa (Treasury Bot.).

bitter-cress n. a book-name for the genus Cardamine, and esp. the species C. amara.

bitter-cucumber n. = bitter gourd n.

bitter-cup n. a cup made of quassia wood to impart some of its bitter principle to water poured into it.

1876 J. Harley Royle's Man. Materia Med. (ed. 6) 675 Bitter cups turned out of the wood are used as a ready means of furnishing the infusion.

bitter-damson n. a West Indian tree, Simaruba amara.

bitter earth n. magnesia.

bitter-ender n. colloq. one who fights or holds out ‘to the bitter end’ (see bitter adj. 2b); one who refuses to yield, give way, or compromise.

ΚΠ

1850 Congress. Globe 12 Mar. App. 303 The disunionist looks forward to a southern confederacy; the bitter-ender to the triumph of his party.

1906 H. Spender General Botha vii. 127 In these discussions their leaders still proved the most obstinate ‘Bitter-enders’—just as now..they still resist most obstinately the mingling of their racial influence with that of the British stock.

1926 Contemp. Rev. June 687 The trade union world lies shattered and in ruins [after the General Strike]. There is fierce controversy between volunteers, ‘scabs’, ‘hands-uppers’, and ‘bitter-enders’.

bitter-enderism n.

1918 N.Y. Times 15 Sept. iii. 2/1 An unreasoning ‘bitter enderism’.

bitter-fitch n. (= bitter-vetch n.).

1551 W. Turner New Herball sig. P iv, Bitter fitches, or bitter tares.

1585 H. Llwyd tr. Pope John XXI Treasury of Health (new ed.) sig. G iv, Decoctyon of Lichepeasen or bitterfitch.

bitter gourd n. the Colocynth ( Citrullus Colocynthus), a plant of the gourd family, which furnishes a well-known cathartic drug.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > bitter-apple plant or berry

wild vinea1382

coloquintidaa1398

coloquintc1420

wild gourd1540

colocynth1565

coloquinto1683

coloquintid1732

bitter gourd1755

bitter cucumber1811

karela1839

bitter-apple1865

1755 Gentleman's Mag. Sept. 408/2 If we plant cucumbers..near the bitter-gourd, the fruits of the first will be as bitter as gall.

bitter herb n. the British plant Erythræa Centaurium.

bitter-king n. a tree, Soulamea amara, of the Eastern Archipelago, excessively bitter in all its parts.

bitter milkwort n. the Polygala amara ( Treasury Bot. 1866).

bitter-nut n. the Swamp Hickory, Carya amara, of North America; also bitter-nut hickory.

1810 F. A. Michaux Histoire des Arbres Forestiers de l'Amérique Septentrionale I. i. 19 Bitter nut hickery.., seul nom en usage dans N.Y.

1832 D. J. Browne Sylva Amer. 170 This species is generally known in New Jersey by the name of Bitternut Hickory.

1832 D. J. Browne Sylva Amer. 170 The inhabitants of New Jersey give it the name of Bitternut, which..indicates one of the peculiar properties of the fruit.

bitter pit n. a disease of apples, characterized by brown spots.

1898 Agric. Gaz. New S. Wales I. 683 Bitter Pit. This disease appears in the form of small sunken brown pits having a bitter taste.

1960 New Scientist 24 Nov. 1392/3 The incidence of bitter pit [in Australia]..has been reduced in a spectacular manner by spraying with calcium salts.

bitter root n. a popular name for a plant of the species Apocynum androsæmifolium; also a plant of the N. American species Lewisia rediviva; (see also quot. 1909).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > other medicinal plants

calamint1322

agarica1400

adder's tonguea1425

alyssum1551

camphor1570

makinboy1652

moxa1675

badiaga1753

chaw-stick1756

ispaghul1810

frostwort1814

frostweed1817

bugleweed1822

bitter root1838

Solidago1883

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > non-British flowers > North American

innocent1600

lychnidea1733

swamp lily1737

atamasco lily1743

phlox1754

lychnis1760

painted cup1776

mountain pink1818

phacelia1818

innocence1821

Nemophila1822

clarkia1827

Physostegia1830

bitter root1838

standing cypress1841

false mermaid1845

lion's heart1845

shooting star1856

lewisia1863

satin flower1871

fame-flower1879

baby blue-eyes1887

mayflower1892

agastache1900

obedient plant1900

Pennsylvania anemone1900

rock rose1906

Virginia bluebell1934

parsley1936

poached egg flower1963

poached eggs1971

poached egg plant1977

1838 S. Parker Jrnl. Tour beyond Rocky Mtns. 204 The racine amère, or bitter root, which grows on dry ground, fusiform, and though not pleasant to the taste, yet it is very conducive to health.

1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. 138/3 Natal bitter root, a climbing vine of the gourd family, Gerrardanthus macrorhiza, having tuberous roots..which are intensely bitter and are used by the natives in medicine.

a1918 G. Stuart 40 Years on Frontier (1925) I. 178 The wild flax and bitter-root are in full bloom.

1945 B. Macdonald Egg & I (1946) 18 The bitter-root daisies, the Montana State flower.

† bitter-salt n. Obs. obs. name of Epsom salts.

bitter-spar n. a mineral, a variety of dolomite; bitter-sweet adj. and n., q.v.

1843 J. E. Portlock Rep. Geol. Londonderry 214 Bitter spar, or Brown spar, occurs in small but well-defined crystals.

bitter-vetch n. a book-name for species of Lathyrus and Vicia formerly Orobus.

1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια 44 The simples are Vineger, Betony..bitter vetch with Wine.

† bitter-weed n. Obs. obs. name of species of poplar, also, a N. American species of wormwood.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > poplars and allies > [noun]

popple1229

popple-tree1229

abele?a1300

poplar1371

black poplar1542

white poplar1542

poppling1570

cotton tree1633

tacamahac1739

Lombardy poplar1766

poplar pine1770

Po poplar1776

grey poplar1782

cottonwood1787

pine poplar1789

liard1809

white-backa1825

necklace poplar1845

silver poplar1847

weather-tree1847

hackmatack1873

bitter-weed1878

balsam-poplar1884

Russian poplar1884

Lombardy1917

1878 in J. Britten & R. Holland Dict. Eng. Plant-names Fir, saugh, and bitterweed.

bitter-wood n. the timber of a tropical American genus of trees Xylopia, or the trees themselves.

bitter-wort n. species of gentian, esp. the Fell-wort ( G. amarella).

1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 352 Named in English Felwoort Gentian; Bitterwoort; Baldmoyne, and Baldmoney.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2016).

单词	bitter-
释义	bitter-comb. form 1. Adverbial and parasynthetic. bitter-biting adj. (biting bitterly). Π 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. iv. ii. 7 The Sharp-pointed Nose of bitter-biting Eurus. View more context for this quotation 1786 R. Burns Poems 171 The bitter-biting North. bitter-blessed adj. Π 1848 C. Kingsley Saint's Trag. ii. xi. 135 The day I found the bitter-blessed cross. bitter-hearted adj. ΘΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > bitterness > [adjective] bitterc1175 stomaching1579 amarulent1583 stomachous1590 gall-ful1596 gall-wet1597 virulent1607 stomachful1610 rancorousa1616 gallsome1633 bitter-hearted1775 vitriolic1841 1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 277 Bitter-hearted foes. bitter-heartedness adj. Π 1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 43 Their word, which expresses ‘sharp,’ conveys the idea of bitter-heartedness. bitter-pungent adj. Π 1884 R. Browning Ferishtah's Fancies 3 Sage-leaf is bitter-pungent. bitter-rinded adj. Π 1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus ii. ii. 32/2 A prickly, bitter-rinded stone-fruit. bitter-tasted adj. bitter-well adj. Π 1850 E. B. Browning Poems II. 71 He laughed out bitter-well. 2. adj. In many names of plants and other productions. a. Denoting a particular bitter variety of that to which the name is properly given. bitter almond n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > edible nuts or nut-trees > [noun] > almond amygdalc940 almonda1325 almond fruit1440 jordan almondc1440 valance1469 almond kernel1601 bitter almonda1640 badam1798 a1640 P. Massinger City-Madam (1658) iv. ii. 105 Quite forget Powders, and bitter almonds. bitter bay n. Π 1755 T. Smollett tr. Cervantes Don Quixote I. ii. v. 64 Crowned with garlands of cypress, and bitter-bay. bitter beer n. also fig. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > ale or beer > beer > [noun] > other kinds of beer spruce beerc1500 March beer1535 Lubecks beer1608 zythum1608 household beer1616 bottle1622 mumc1623 old beer1626 six1631 four1633 maize beer1663 mum beer1667 vinegar beer1677 wrest-beer1689 nog1693 October1705 October beer1707 ship-beer1707 butt beer1730 starting beer1735 butt1743 peterman1767 seamen's beer1795 chang1800 treacle beer1806 stock beer1826 Iceland beer1828 East India pale ale1835 India pale ale1837 faro1847 she-oak1848 Bass1849 bitter beer1850 bock1856 treble X1856 Burton1861 nettle beer1864 honey beer1867 pivo1873 Lambic1889 steam beer1898 barley-beer1901 gueuze1926 Kriek1936 best1938 rough1946 keg1949 IPA1953 busaa1967 mbege1972 microbrew1985 microbeer1986 yeast-beer- 1850 Thackeray Pendennis II. xx. 200 The bitter beer hot and undrinkable. 1871 M. Collins Marquis & Merchant I. vi. 161, I supped on..cold beef and bitter beer. 1890 R. Kipling Barrack-room Ballads (1892) 4 ‘I've drunk 'is beer a score o' times,’ said Files-on-Parade. ‘'E's drinkin' bitter beer alone,’ the Colour-Sergeant said. bitter oak n. b. Specifying a distinct plant or substance. Also in other general collocations. bitter-apple n. (= bitter gourd at gourd n.¹ 2a). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > bitter-apple plant or berry wild vinea1382 coloquintidaa1398 coloquintc1420 wild gourd1540 colocynth1565 coloquinto1683 coloquintid1732 bitter gourd1755 bitter cucumber1811 karela1839 bitter-apple1865 1865 Morning Star 23 June He gave the bearer half an ounce of powdered colocynth commonly called bitter-apple. bitter-ash n. a West Indian tree, Simaruba excelsa. bitter bark n. a popular name for any of various shrubs and small trees (see quots.). Π 1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants 231/1 Pinckneya pubens, bitter-bark-tree, Fever-tree of Georgia. 1889 J. H. Maiden Useful Native Plants Austral. 198 Petalostigma quadriloculare, F.v.M...Bitter bark... The bark contains a very powerful bitter, said to have the same properties as cinchona. 1898 E. E. Morris Austral Eng. 31/2 Bitter-bark, an Australian tree, Petalostigma quadriloculare,..N.O. Euphorbiaceæ... The name is also applied to Tabernæmontana orientalis..N.O. Apocyneæ, and to Alstonia constricta..N.O. Apocynaceæ. 1955 Times 26 May 9/2 Alstonia constricta, or ‘bitter bark’, a new source of supply of the drug known as ‘reserpine’... Supplies have also been found in the roots of ‘bitter barks’ grown in India. bitter-blain n. (in Suriname) a Creole name for Vandellia diffusa (Treasury Bot.). bitter-cress n. a book-name for the genus Cardamine, and esp. the species C. amara. bitter-cucumber n. = bitter gourd n. bitter-cup n. a cup made of quassia wood to impart some of its bitter principle to water poured into it. Π 1876 J. Harley Royle's Man. Materia Med. (ed. 6) 675 Bitter cups turned out of the wood are used as a ready means of furnishing the infusion. bitter-damson n. a West Indian tree, Simaruba amara. bitter earth n. magnesia. bitter-ender n. colloq. one who fights or holds out ‘to the bitter end’ (see bitter adj. 2b); one who refuses to yield, give way, or compromise. ΚΠ 1850 Congress. Globe 12 Mar. App. 303 The disunionist looks forward to a southern confederacy; the bitter-ender to the triumph of his party. 1906 H. Spender General Botha vii. 127 In these discussions their leaders still proved the most obstinate ‘Bitter-enders’—just as now..they still resist most obstinately the mingling of their racial influence with that of the British stock. 1926 Contemp. Rev. June 687 The trade union world lies shattered and in ruins [after the General Strike]. There is fierce controversy between volunteers, ‘scabs’, ‘hands-uppers’, and ‘bitter-enders’. bitter-enderism n. Π 1918 N.Y. Times 15 Sept. iii. 2/1 An unreasoning ‘bitter enderism’. bitter-fitch n. (= bitter-vetch n.). Π 1551 W. Turner New Herball sig. P iv, Bitter fitches, or bitter tares. 1585 H. Llwyd tr. Pope John XXI Treasury of Health (new ed.) sig. G iv, Decoctyon of Lichepeasen or bitterfitch. bitter gourd n. the Colocynth ( Citrullus Colocynthus), a plant of the gourd family, which furnishes a well-known cathartic drug. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > bitter-apple plant or berry wild vinea1382 coloquintidaa1398 coloquintc1420 wild gourd1540 colocynth1565 coloquinto1683 coloquintid1732 bitter gourd1755 bitter cucumber1811 karela1839 bitter-apple1865 1755 Gentleman's Mag. Sept. 408/2 If we plant cucumbers..near the bitter-gourd, the fruits of the first will be as bitter as gall. bitter herb n. the British plant Erythræa Centaurium. bitter-king n. a tree, Soulamea amara, of the Eastern Archipelago, excessively bitter in all its parts. bitter milkwort n. the Polygala amara ( Treasury Bot. 1866). bitter-nut n. the Swamp Hickory, Carya amara, of North America; also bitter-nut hickory. Π 1810 F. A. Michaux Histoire des Arbres Forestiers de l'Amérique Septentrionale I. i. 19 Bitter nut hickery.., seul nom en usage dans N.Y. 1832 D. J. Browne Sylva Amer. 170 This species is generally known in New Jersey by the name of Bitternut Hickory. 1832 D. J. Browne Sylva Amer. 170 The inhabitants of New Jersey give it the name of Bitternut, which..indicates one of the peculiar properties of the fruit. bitter pit n. a disease of apples, characterized by brown spots. Π 1898 Agric. Gaz. New S. Wales I. 683 Bitter Pit. This disease appears in the form of small sunken brown pits having a bitter taste. 1960 New Scientist 24 Nov. 1392/3 The incidence of bitter pit [in Australia]..has been reduced in a spectacular manner by spraying with calcium salts. bitter root n. a popular name for a plant of the species Apocynum androsæmifolium; also a plant of the N. American species Lewisia rediviva; (see also quot. 1909). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > other medicinal plants calamint1322 agarica1400 adder's tonguea1425 alyssum1551 camphor1570 makinboy1652 moxa1675 badiaga1753 chaw-stick1756 ispaghul1810 frostwort1814 frostweed1817 bugleweed1822 bitter root1838 Solidago1883 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > non-British flowers > North American innocent1600 lychnidea1733 swamp lily1737 atamasco lily1743 phlox1754 lychnis1760 painted cup1776 mountain pink1818 phacelia1818 innocence1821 Nemophila1822 clarkia1827 Physostegia1830 bitter root1838 standing cypress1841 false mermaid1845 lion's heart1845 shooting star1856 lewisia1863 satin flower1871 fame-flower1879 baby blue-eyes1887 mayflower1892 agastache1900 obedient plant1900 Pennsylvania anemone1900 rock rose1906 Virginia bluebell1934 parsley1936 poached egg flower1963 poached eggs1971 poached egg plant1977 1838 S. Parker Jrnl. Tour beyond Rocky Mtns. 204 The racine amère, or bitter root, which grows on dry ground, fusiform, and though not pleasant to the taste, yet it is very conducive to health. 1909 Cent. Dict. Suppl. 138/3 Natal bitter root, a climbing vine of the gourd family, Gerrardanthus macrorhiza, having tuberous roots..which are intensely bitter and are used by the natives in medicine. a1918 G. Stuart 40 Years on Frontier (1925) I. 178 The wild flax and bitter-root are in full bloom. 1945 B. Macdonald Egg & I (1946) 18 The bitter-root daisies, the Montana State flower. † bitter-salt n. Obs. obs. name of Epsom salts. bitter-spar n. a mineral, a variety of dolomite; bitter-sweet adj. and n., q.v. Π 1843 J. E. Portlock Rep. Geol. Londonderry 214 Bitter spar, or Brown spar, occurs in small but well-defined crystals. bitter-vetch n. a book-name for species of Lathyrus and Vicia formerly Orobus. Π 1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια 44 The simples are Vineger, Betony..bitter vetch with Wine. † bitter-weed n. Obs. obs. name of species of poplar, also, a N. American species of wormwood. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > poplars and allies > [noun] popple1229 popple-tree1229 abele?a1300 poplar1371 black poplar1542 white poplar1542 poppling1570 cotton tree1633 tacamahac1739 Lombardy poplar1766 poplar pine1770 Po poplar1776 grey poplar1782 cottonwood1787 pine poplar1789 liard1809 white-backa1825 necklace poplar1845 silver poplar1847 weather-tree1847 hackmatack1873 bitter-weed1878 balsam-poplar1884 Russian poplar1884 Lombardy1917 1878 in J. Britten & R. Holland Dict. Eng. Plant-names Fir, saugh, and bitterweed. bitter-wood n. the timber of a tropical American genus of trees Xylopia, or the trees themselves. bitter-wort n. species of gentian, esp. the Fell-wort ( G. amarella). Π 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 352 Named in English Felwoort Gentian; Bitterwoort; Baldmoyne, and Baldmoney. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2016). < comb. form1551
随便看	pecuniosity pecunious pecuny ped ped xing ped-belly ped-market pedage pedagog pedagogal pedagogic pedagogical pedagogically pedagogics pedagogies pedagogism pedagogist pedagogs pedagogue pedagogued pedagogueries pedagoguery pedagogues pedagoguette pedagoguing