sergen.

Brit.

/səːdʒ/, U.S.

/sərdʒ/

Forms: Middle English–1500s, 1700s sarge, 1500s surge, 1600s searge, sierge, serg, sharge, 1500s– serge.

Etymology: < Old French serge, sarge (modern French serge ) = Provençal serga , sargua , Portuguese sarja , Catalan sarja , Spanish sarga , Rumanian sárică < popular Latin *sārica = classical Latin sērica (lāna ): see Seric adj. and silk n. and adj. From French the word has passed into all the Germanic languages: German sarsche, serge, Dutch sargie, Danish sars, sarge, Swedish sars. The material originally designated by the name must have been silk, though there is no evidence of this in the early English (and apparently not in the Romanic) uses of the word. But names of textile fabrics often come to be applied to materials cheaper and coarser than those which they originally designated.

a. A woollen fabric, the nature of which has probably differed considerably at different periods. Before the 16th cent. it is mentioned chiefly as material for hangings, bed-covers, and the like; afterwards it is often referred to as worn by the poorer classes (both men and women), perhaps rather on account of its durability than of its price, which seems not to have been extremely low. The name now denotes a very durable twilled cloth of worsted, or with the warp of worsted and the woof of wool, extensively used for clothing and for other purposes.Certain imported varieties were formerly known by French designations indicating the place of manufacture, as serge de Ghent, serge de Nismes, serge de Ro(h)an, serge de Shaloon.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from wool > [noun] > stout or durable > serge

sergec1405

c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1710 The Citee large Hanged with clooth of gold and noght with sarge.

1491 Acta Domin. Concil. (1839) 228/2 xxij coveringis of beddis of sarge, price x li.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. viii. 8 Som peece of a white sarge or blanket.

1620 Reg. Privy Council Scotl. XII. 339 Seargeis Double and Single.

1631 T. Powell Tom of All Trades 14 Where one is ready to take his rise out of Sierge into Sattin, out of Parsonage..into a Deanarie.

1648 in J. R. Magrath Flemings in Oxf. (1904) I. 391 For 8 ya. & halfe of serge de roan for sute..02 11 00.

1649 J. Master in Archaeologia Cantiana (1883) 15 182 For 3 ya. 3 quar. of serge de shaloon at 6^s ye yard.

1683 Repr. Advantages Manuf. Woollen-cloath 4 That sort of Serges called Stirling Serges.

1683 Repr. Advantages Manuf. Woollen-cloath 5 Mixt Searges, Cloath-Searges, and these called in France Searge de Nismes.

1695 P. Motteux tr. F. Pidou de St. Olon Present State Morocco 138 Serges de Nismes, Fustians and Dimities of Montpelier.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Serge,..a Woollen cross'd Stuff, manufactured on a Loom with four Treddles, after the Manner of Rateens, and other cross'd Stuffs.

1757 J. Dyer Fleece iii. 114 The Dune and Rother, who have won The serge and kersie to their blanching streams.

1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi I. i. i. 4 The long, loose gown and the plain tunic, both of dark-grey serge.

1861 Our Eng. Home 174 The walls [of a bedroom, temp. Q. Eliz.] were hung with say, or the scarlet serge of Ghent.

1882 M. E. Braddon Mt. Royal II. x. 221 Mopsy and Dopsy were dressed in home-made gowns of dark brown serge.

1882 S. F. A. Caulfeild & B. C. Saward Dict. Needlework 443 There are a great many varieties of cloth known as Serge, viz. French Flannel Serge..; the Serge de Berri,..Witney Serges,..and Pompadour Flannel Serges.

b. A garment made of serge.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [noun] > made from specific material > wool > types of > article of

faldinga1387

serge1583

drugget1670

ferrateen1821

vicuña1851

alpaca1853

calamanco1859

Shetland1870

Jaeger1887

Tibet1900

worsted1905

1583 T. Stocker tr. Tragicall Hist. Ciuile Warres Lowe Countries iii. 93 They slewe two of the watch, hauing gotten for their paines, three cloaks, one Cushin and a Sarge.

1899 F. T. Bullen Way Navy 43 Many of them tore off their serges and cast themselves recklessly overside.

1906 Daily Chron. 17 Oct. 6/6 ‘Serges’ —as the loose-fitting jacket is termed in the [police] force.

c. transferred and figurative.

ΚΠ

1601 B. Jonson Fountaine of Selfe-love iii. ii. sig. F I wonder at nothing more then our Gentlemen Vshers; that will suffer a piece of Serge, or Perpetuana, to come into the Presence.

1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 320 Let your black Serge pore on Books, it is not for Scarlet Boyes, to task themselves to such serious spendings of their time.

2. Used to translate Latin sagum, in Vulgate with the sense of curtain. Cf. say n.¹ 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > covers or hangings > [noun] > hangings > curtain

curtainc1320

riddelc1380

saya1382

serge1382

veilinga1398

traverse1400

veil1567

purdah1621

scene1638

drapes1908

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Exod. xxvi. 8 The lengthe of the too sarge shal haue thretti cubitis, and the brede foure; euen mesure shal be of alle the sarges [MS. E. pr. m. say..says].

3. silk serge: a silk fabric twilled in the manner of serge, used for linings of coats, and formerly for mantles. Also †serge du soy (= French serge de soie).

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from silk > [noun] > types of > twilled

Levantine1831

silk serge1844

surah1873

serge du soy1876

messaline1909

1844 Ladies' Hand-bk. Haberdashery 15 Serge..is of various colors and qualities; it is known by its being a stout silk with a very fine twill.

1853 E. E. Perkins Haberdashery (ed. 8) 112 Serge is a stout twilled silk..usually sold for lining the skirts, cuffs, and padded parts of coats.

1876 J. R. Planché Cycl. Costume I. 450 A silken stuff called ‘sergedusoy’ was used in the last century for coats by the commonalty.

Compounds

C1. attributive passing into adj. Made of serge.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from wool > [adjective] > stout or durable

serge1608

sagathy1711

1608 T. Middleton Trick to catch Old-one i. sig. B3 Hee in the vneuen Beard, and the Serge cloake.

1668 J. Child Brief Observ. Trade 7 Let us aske..whether Gentlewoman in those dayes would not esteeme themselves well cloathed in a Searge Gown, which a Chamber Maid now will be ashamed to be seen in.

1685 in W. R. Scott Rec. Sc. Cloth Manufactory New Mills (1905) 105 Ane searge justicoat.

1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. xiv. 231 A serge covering..concealed the contents of the basket.

1880 ‘Ouida’ Moths I. 60 A white serge frock.

humorous.a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) iv. vii. 23 Ah thou Say, thou Surge, nay thou Buckram Lord.

C2. General attributive.

serge-cloth n.

ΚΠ

c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) 201 Lych a seerge~cloth hire nekke is clene.

1829 C. Lamb Let. 30 Nov. (1935) III. 235 A fall in serge cloth was expected.

serge-clothier n.

ΚΠ

1707 London Gaz. No. 4377/4 William Crooke,..Serge-Clothier.

serge-maker n.

ΚΠ

1689 London Gaz. No. 2420/4 Richard Richardson..had a Box of Serge Makers Paper sent by his Wagoner.

1822 D. Lysons & S. Lysons Magna Brit. VI. Devonsh. p. cccii At Honiton there is only one serge-maker.

serge manufacture n.

ΚΠ

1742 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 3) I. 310 Here we see the first of the Serge-manufacture of Devonshire.

serge-market n.

ΚΠ

1738 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 2) I. 323 The Serge-Market held here every Week.

serge-weaver n.

ΚΠ

1703 London Gaz. No. 3920/4 Tho. Noble,..a Serge-Weaver by Trade.

C3.

† serge-wale n. Obsolete ? a striped serge (see wale n.¹ 3).

ΘΚΠ

fingering1611

serge-wale1682

denim1695

sagathy1707

caddis1714

sergette1858

fleur1883

1682 London Gaz. No. 1762/4 Stolen..several Pieces of Rich Silk Druggets, Serge-Wale, Thred Druggets.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	serge
释义	sergen. Brit. /səːdʒ/, U.S. /sərdʒ/ Forms: Middle English–1500s, 1700s sarge, 1500s surge, 1600s searge, sierge, serg, sharge, 1500s– serge. Etymology: < Old French serge, sarge (modern French serge ) = Provençal serga , sargua , Portuguese sarja , Catalan sarja , Spanish sarga , Rumanian sárică < popular Latin sārica = classical Latin sērica* (lāna ): see Seric adj. and silk n. and adj. From French the word has passed into all the Germanic languages: German sarsche, serge, Dutch sargie, Danish sars, sarge, Swedish sars. The material originally designated by the name must have been silk, though there is no evidence of this in the early English (and apparently not in the Romanic) uses of the word. But names of textile fabrics often come to be applied to materials cheaper and coarser than those which they originally designated. 1. a. A woollen fabric, the nature of which has probably differed considerably at different periods. Before the 16th cent. it is mentioned chiefly as material for hangings, bed-covers, and the like; afterwards it is often referred to as worn by the poorer classes (both men and women), perhaps rather on account of its durability than of its price, which seems not to have been extremely low. The name now denotes a very durable twilled cloth of worsted, or with the warp of worsted and the woof of wool, extensively used for clothing and for other purposes.Certain imported varieties were formerly known by French designations indicating the place of manufacture, as serge de Ghent, serge de Nismes, serge de Ro(h)an, serge de Shaloon. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from wool > [noun] > stout or durable > serge sergec1405 c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1710 The Citee large Hanged with clooth of gold and noght with sarge. 1491 Acta Domin. Concil. (1839) 228/2 xxij coveringis of beddis of sarge, price x li. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. viii. 8 Som peece of a white sarge or blanket. 1620 Reg. Privy Council Scotl. XII. 339 Seargeis Double and Single. 1631 T. Powell Tom of All Trades 14 Where one is ready to take his rise out of Sierge into Sattin, out of Parsonage..into a Deanarie. 1648 in J. R. Magrath Flemings in Oxf. (1904) I. 391 For 8 ya. & halfe of serge de roan for sute..02 11 00. 1649 J. Master in Archaeologia Cantiana (1883) 15 182 For 3 ya. 3 quar. of serge de shaloon at 6^s ye yard. 1683 Repr. Advantages Manuf. Woollen-cloath 4 That sort of Serges called Stirling Serges. 1683 Repr. Advantages Manuf. Woollen-cloath 5 Mixt Searges, Cloath-Searges, and these called in France Searge de Nismes. 1695 P. Motteux tr. F. Pidou de St. Olon Present State Morocco 138 Serges de Nismes, Fustians and Dimities of Montpelier. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Serge,..a Woollen cross'd Stuff, manufactured on a Loom with four Treddles, after the Manner of Rateens, and other cross'd Stuffs. 1757 J. Dyer Fleece iii. 114 The Dune and Rother, who have won The serge and kersie to their blanching streams. 1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi I. i. i. 4 The long, loose gown and the plain tunic, both of dark-grey serge. 1861 Our Eng. Home 174 The walls [of a bedroom, temp. Q. Eliz.] were hung with say, or the scarlet serge of Ghent. 1882 M. E. Braddon Mt. Royal II. x. 221 Mopsy and Dopsy were dressed in home-made gowns of dark brown serge. 1882 S. F. A. Caulfeild & B. C. Saward Dict. Needlework 443 There are a great many varieties of cloth known as Serge, viz. French Flannel Serge..; the Serge de Berri,..Witney Serges,..and Pompadour Flannel Serges. b. A garment made of serge. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [noun] > made from specific material > wool > types of > article of faldinga1387 serge1583 drugget1670 ferrateen1821 vicuña1851 alpaca1853 calamanco1859 Shetland1870 Jaeger1887 Tibet1900 worsted1905 1583 T. Stocker tr. Tragicall Hist. Ciuile Warres Lowe Countries iii. 93 They slewe two of the watch, hauing gotten for their paines, three cloaks, one Cushin and a Sarge. 1899 F. T. Bullen Way Navy 43 Many of them tore off their serges and cast themselves recklessly overside. 1906 Daily Chron. 17 Oct. 6/6 ‘Serges’ —as the loose-fitting jacket is termed in the [police] force. c. transferred and figurative. ΚΠ 1601 B. Jonson Fountaine of Selfe-love iii. ii. sig. F I wonder at nothing more then our Gentlemen Vshers; that will suffer a piece of Serge, or Perpetuana, to come into the Presence. View more context for this quotation 1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 320 Let your black Serge pore on Books, it is not for Scarlet Boyes, to task themselves to such serious spendings of their time. 2. Used to translate Latin sagum, in Vulgate with the sense of curtain. Cf. say n.¹ 2. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > covers or hangings > [noun] > hangings > curtain curtainc1320 riddelc1380 saya1382 serge1382 veilinga1398 traverse1400 veil1567 purdah1621 scene1638 drapes1908 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Exod. xxvi. 8 The lengthe of the too sarge shal haue thretti cubitis, and the brede foure; euen mesure shal be of alle the sarges [MS. E. pr. m. say..says]. 3. silk serge: a silk fabric twilled in the manner of serge, used for linings of coats, and formerly for mantles. Also †serge du soy (= French serge de soie). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from silk > [noun] > types of > twilled Levantine1831 silk serge1844 surah1873 serge du soy1876 messaline1909 1844 Ladies' Hand-bk. Haberdashery 15 Serge..is of various colors and qualities; it is known by its being a stout silk with a very fine twill. 1853 E. E. Perkins Haberdashery (ed. 8) 112 Serge is a stout twilled silk..usually sold for lining the skirts, cuffs, and padded parts of coats. 1876 J. R. Planché Cycl. Costume I. 450 A silken stuff called ‘sergedusoy’ was used in the last century for coats by the commonalty. Compounds C1. attributive passing into adj. Made of serge. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from wool > [adjective] > stout or durable serge1608 sagathy1711 1608 T. Middleton Trick to catch Old-one i. sig. B3 Hee in the vneuen Beard, and the Serge cloake. 1668 J. Child Brief Observ. Trade 7 Let us aske..whether Gentlewoman in those dayes would not esteeme themselves well cloathed in a Searge Gown, which a Chamber Maid now will be ashamed to be seen in. 1685 in W. R. Scott Rec. Sc. Cloth Manufactory New Mills (1905) 105 Ane searge justicoat. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. xiv. 231 A serge covering..concealed the contents of the basket. 1880 ‘Ouida’ Moths I. 60 A white serge frock. humorous.a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) iv. vii. 23 Ah thou Say, thou Surge, nay thou Buckram Lord. View more context for this quotation C2. General attributive. serge-cloth n. ΚΠ c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) 201 Lych a seerge~cloth hire nekke is clene. 1829 C. Lamb Let. 30 Nov. (1935) III. 235 A fall in serge cloth was expected. serge-clothier n. ΚΠ 1707 London Gaz. No. 4377/4 William Crooke,..Serge-Clothier. serge-maker n. ΚΠ 1689 London Gaz. No. 2420/4 Richard Richardson..had a Box of Serge Makers Paper sent by his Wagoner. 1822 D. Lysons & S. Lysons Magna Brit. VI. Devonsh. p. cccii At Honiton there is only one serge-maker. serge manufacture n. ΚΠ 1742 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 3) I. 310 Here we see the first of the Serge-manufacture of Devonshire. serge-market n. ΚΠ 1738 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 2) I. 323 The Serge-Market held here every Week. serge-weaver n. ΚΠ 1703 London Gaz. No. 3920/4 Tho. Noble,..a Serge-Weaver by Trade. C3. † serge-wale n. Obsolete ? a striped serge (see wale n.¹ 3). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from wool > [noun] > stout or durable > serge > types of fingering1611 serge-wale1682 denim1695 sagathy1707 caddis1714 sergette1858 fleur1883 1682 London Gaz. No. 1762/4 Stolen..several Pieces of Rich Silk Druggets, Serge-Wale, Thred Druggets. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1382
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