setfastn.
/ˈsɛtfɑːst/, /ˈsɛtfast/, U.S. /ˈsɛtˌfæst/ Farriery and Veterinary Medicine.
1. Esp. in a horse: a well-demarcated area of hardened dead tissue within an ulcer or other lesion of the skin; = sitfast n. 2. Also figurative. Now rare.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of horses > [noun] > tumours on back
sitfast1607
setfast1649
1649 Impartiall Intelligencer No. 7 55 A bright bay Mare about 14 hand high, broad and strong joynted, with a little white starre in her forhead, and a broad setfast on the offer side of her back.
1671 J. Halfpenny Gentleman's Jocky ccxlvi. 287 (heading) Of the Impostume in the Ear, Poul-Evil,..Canker in the Withers, Setfast, Wens, Navel Gaul, or any hollow Ulcer.
1709 London Gaz. No. 4591/4 A..Gelding,..with..a Set fast under the Saddle.
1826 W. Cobbett Rural Rides in Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 14 Oct. 180 This..man..is a sore to Westminster; a set-fast on its back.
1866 Morning Star 10 July On examination he perceived it had a bad back, a set-fast [etc.].
1952 J. F. Dobie Mustangs xv. 313 Often he [sc. a Spanish cow pony] had a setfast on his back.
2. A disorder affecting the muscles of horses, characterized by stiffness of gait, muscle spasms, and the presence of myoglobin in the urine, and typically occurring after prolonged or hard exercise.This disorder is known by a variety of other names, including tying-up, exertional rhabdomyolysis, and myoglobinuria.
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1903 M. H. Hayes Vet. Notes for Horse Owners (ed. 6) 521 On a cold windy morning it is not an uncommon occurrence for several of these of cases [of hæmoglobinuria]—which are known to racing men as ‘setfast’—to come under the notice of the veterinary surgeon.
1991 Horse & Horseman July 8/1 Whether it's called azoturia, set fast, paralytic myoglobinuria or exertional rhabdomyolysis, tying-up is the most common muscle problem found in horses.
2002 D. Marlin & K. Nankervis Equine Exercise Physiol. vii. 82/1 Horses that have experienced a severe bout of tying-up (setfast or exertional rhabdomyolysis) may have very dark urine.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2020; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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