severancen.

/ˈsɛvərəns/

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman severance, Old French sevrance, < sevr-er : see sever v. and -ance suffix.

a. The act or fact of severing; the state of being severed; separation.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > [noun]

asunderingeOE

sheddingc1175

twinning?c1225

departingc1300

sunderinga1325

to-dighting1340

partingc1350

disseverancec1374

divisionc1374

severinga1382

departitionc1400

separation1413

sunderance1435

departisonc1440

deceperationa1450

severance1467

dissevering1488

dissever?1507

departurec1515

dividing1526

partition1530

sejunction1532

separatinga1557

sequestration1567

decision1574

divorce1593

disseveration16..

dissevermenta1603

sunderment1603

disparting1611

disunition1611

singling1625

divide1642

severation1649

concisure1656

department1677

secretion1696

abgregation1730

disengagement1791

disassociation1825

dispartment1869

dissociation1877

secernment1894

breakaway1897

delinkage1973

1467–8 Rolls of Parl. V. 574/1 Severaunces from Shires, and makyng of Shires by theymself.

1491 Act 7 Hen. VII c. 12 §1 To preserve the possessions of the Crown hoolly and entierly without any severaunce or decreasing therof.

1565 Act 8 Eliz. c. 16 §2 The w^ch sayd severance and Devision of the sayd proffers shalbe entred of Recorde.

1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall ii. f. 152 Those 2. riuers..doe enclose betweene them..a neck of land..in regard of his fruitfulnesse, not vnworthy of a seuerance.

1786 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) II. 66 This measure..gives me serious apprehensions of the severance of the eastern and western parts of our confederacy.

1787 J. Barlow Oration July 4th 8 Our severance from the British empire.

1864 E. B. Pusey Daniel (1876) 501 A meeting..after this first severance.

1874 J. Geikie Great Ice Age xxxiii. 510 The sea again stole in between our islands and the Continent, until a final severance was effected.

1875 M. Arnold God & Bible Pref. 34 Their religion involved severance from Rome.

1876 M. E. Braddon Joshua Haggard's Daughter II. 81 He..kissed her with more warmth of feeling than he had ever shown after so short a severance.

1879 H. Calderwood Relations Mind & Brain iv. 91 There is no real severance of the lobes.

b. const. between (two or more objects). †Formerly, a distinction or difference between.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > difference > [noun] > a difference or distinction

shedc950

diversityc1340

differencea1382

differencea1393

severance1422

distinction1435

discretivec1487

differing1528

unlikeness1561

distinguishment1592

fork1639

discrimen1644

misresemblancea1693

bright line1842

1422 J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. 180 Mekenesse is the Seuerance and the difference betwene a kynge and a tyraunt.

?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 49 For (thocht I say it my self) the seuerance [a1586 soueranis] wes mekle Betuix his bastard blude and my birth noble.

c1642 Contra-Replicant's Compl. 28 The Law itself makes ever a distinction betwixt the King and his agents: though our Replicant will not allow any such severance.

a1832 F. D. Maurice Moral & Metaphysical Philos. in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) II. 665/1 Now more than at any former time there was a severance between religion and philosophy.

1852 W. E. Gladstone Functions of Laymen in Church 28 To draw in practice those lines of severance between truth and falsehood.

1865 E. B. Pusey Eirenicon 59 The temporary severance between Rome and both Asiatic and African Churches.

1883 M. D. Chalmers & E. Hough Bankruptcy Act Introd. 9 A severance is made between judicial and administrative functions.

1912 Blackwood's Mag. Jan. 148/2 The severance between the Parliament and the country is complete.

2. Law.

a. The division of a joint estate into independent parts; the destruction of the unity of interest in a joint estate.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal possession > [noun] > division between joint tenants or owners

partition1440

severance1539

1539 Act 31 Hen. VIII c. 1 §1 Forasmuche as..diverse of the Kinges Subjectes being seised of Mannors landes [etc.] as joynt tenauntes..cannot..make any severans division or particion thereof, without either of their mutuall consentes and assentes.

1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 192 If two Joyntenaunts be, and one maketh a Lease, this is a seuerance of the joynture.

1766 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. 185 Joint-tenants being seised per my et per tout, every thing that tends to narrow that interest..is a severance or destruction of the jointure.

1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) II. 501 A mortgage by a joint tenant, for a term of years, will operate as a severance of the joint tenancy.

1895 Strahan Law of Property (1908) 89 The severance of the reversion..that is, the dividing between two or more of the estate in reversion.

1895 Strahan Law of Property (1908 134 Severance of joint tenancies in land may also be brought about by merger.

b. The detaching of fruit, minerals, fixtures, etc. from the soil or realty.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal possession > [noun] > detaching anything from realty

severance1602

1602 W. Fulbecke Parallele or Conf. Law i. 38 After the sowing and before the seuerance [of the corn].

1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 55 b Seuerance or remouing of the corne.

1684 T. Manley Νομοθετης: Cowell's Interpreter (ed. 2) sig. Ppp1^v Severance of Corn, is the cutting and carrying it off from the Ground, and sometimes the setting out the Tythe from the rest of the Corn is called Severance.

1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 232 Of things..that adhere to the freehold, as corn, grass, trees, and the like, or lead upon a house, no larciny could be committed by the rules of the common law; but the severance of them was, and in many things is still, merely a trespass.

1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 1208 The right to tithes accrues immediately on the severance.

1911 W. B. Odgers & W. B. Odgers Comm. Law Eng. II. 700 When things annexed to the freehold are sold in contemplation of an immediate severance.

c. The separation of two or more parties that are joined in a writ, as when one is nonsuited and the other is allowed to proceed in the action. Also, ‘the putting in several or separate pleas or answers by two or more disjointly’ (Bouvier).

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > [noun] > joining of two parties against another > separation of joined parties

severance1607

1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Ooo4/1 Seuerance..is the singling of two or more, that ioyne in one writ, or are ioyned in one writ.

1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 139 If two be Plaintifes in a Natiuo habendo, if one be nonsuit this is the Nonsuite of both, and no sommons and seuerance doth lie in that case.

1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. f. 139^v Seuerance is twofold, viz. by Sommons ad sequendum simul, and that is when one of the Demandants or Plaintifes neuer appeared; and by award of the Court of Nonsuit without any sommons, and that is after appearance.

1684 T. Manley Νομοθετης: Cowell's Interpreter (ed. 2) sig. Ppp1^v Severance in Debt [is] where two, or more, Executors are named Plaintiffs, and the one refuses to prosecute.

1741 T. Robinson Common Law of Kent i. vi. 110 It is the less unreasonable that the Part of him not proceeding should be divided with the rest in this Case, because he does not by the Severance absolutely cease to be Party to the Record.

1824 H. J. Stephen Treat. Princ. Pleading 270 Where in respect of several subjects or several defendants, a severance has thus taken place in the pleading, this may..lead to a corresponding severance in the whole subsequent series.

d. Discharge from contractual employment. Also elliptical = severance pay n. at Compounds 2 below.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > lack of work > [noun] > dismissal or discharge

discharginga1398

discharge1523

quietus est1530

conduction1538

cassing1550

remove1553

destitution1554

mittimus1596

dismissionc1600

quietus1635

removal1645

cashierment1656

separation1779

dismissing1799

dismissala1806

to give (a person) the sack1825

bullet1841

congee1847

decapitation1869

G.B.1880

the shove1899

spear1912

bob-tail1915

severance1941

sacking1958

termination1974

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > compensation > [noun] > for termination of employment

pay-off1935

severance pay1953

silver handshake1958

golden handshake1959

lumpers1960

severance1965

1941 North Western Reporter CCXCVII. 652/1 There was a complete ‘severance of employment’ and compensation would be calculated on basis of $2.50 per day.

1945 Monthly Labor Rev. Jan. 48 The American Newspaper Guild..regards dismissal pay as an equity which the individual builds up on his job and for which he should be compensated regardless of the reason of severance.

1965 Bull. U.S. Dept. Labor No. 1425 -2. ii. 9 Some agreements gave no details of the plan's characteristics—i.e., when severance would be paid, [etc.].

1977 Time 5 Dec. 72/2 When CBS decided that Schorr must go, its lawyers in February 1976 agreed to pay Schorr more than two years' salary, and severance besides.

Compounds

C1. General attributive. (In sense 2d.)

severance arrangement n.

ΚΠ

1971 Guardian 14 Jan. 13/3 Some kind of compulsory severance arrangement..will have to be negotiated.

severance money n.

ΚΠ

1975 N.Y. Times 5 Nov. 23/3 The parent company closed down the edition [sc. the Scottish Daily Express] 18 months ago.., and the employees decided to keep it going as a cooperative. They put severance money of $1.3 million into the venture.

severance payment n.

ΚΠ

1962 Listener 19 July 86/1 I believe a compensation scheme—severance payment—is important.

C2.

severance cutting n. (see quot. 1928).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [noun] > clearing young or small trees

cleaning1891

severance felling1895

severance cutting1905

sucker-bashing1945

1905 Terms Forestry & Logging (Bull. U.S. Dept. Agric., Bureau Forestry, No. 61) 20 Severance cuttings are made to strengthen the trees on the edge of a stand.

1928 R. S. Troup Silvicultural Syst. ii. 8 ‘Severance cuttings’..are cleared lines of varying breadth, usually 30–50 feet, cut through the wood while it is still comparatively young in order to induce low branching by the border trees.

severance felling n. = severance cutting n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [noun] > clearing young or small trees

cleaning1891

severance felling1895

severance cutting1905

sucker-bashing1945

1895 W. R. Fisher Schlich's Man. Forestry 469 Severance-fellings should be forty to fifty feet broad.

1951 W. L. Taylor Estate Forestry xiv. 131 Gale and flood are countered by..correct orientation of forest rides and severance fellings.

severance pay n. money paid in compensation to one whose contractual employment is terminated; cf. redundancy pay n. at redundancy n. Compounds 1a.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > compensation > [noun] > for termination of employment

pay-off1935

severance pay1953

silver handshake1958

golden handshake1959

lumpers1960

severance1965

1953 P. C. Berg Dict. New Words 143/1 Severance pay.

1956 Economist 7 July 12/2 The unions now appear to be ready to lay rather more emphasis on bargaining for higher severance pay.

1979 Now! 21 Sept. 95/1 The £1,750 tax-free severance pay provides a cushion for defeated MPs.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	severance
释义	severancen. /ˈsɛvərəns/ Etymology: < Anglo-Norman severance, Old French sevrance, < sevr-er : see sever v. and -ance suffix. 1. a. The act or fact of severing; the state of being severed; separation. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > [noun] asunderingeOE sheddingc1175 twinning?c1225 departingc1300 sunderinga1325 to-dighting1340 partingc1350 disseverancec1374 divisionc1374 severinga1382 departitionc1400 separation1413 sunderance1435 departisonc1440 deceperationa1450 severance1467 dissevering1488 dissever?1507 departurec1515 dividing1526 partition1530 sejunction1532 separatinga1557 sequestration1567 decision1574 divorce1593 disseveration16.. dissevermenta1603 sunderment1603 disparting1611 disunition1611 singling1625 divide1642 severation1649 concisure1656 department1677 secretion1696 abgregation1730 disengagement1791 disassociation1825 dispartment1869 dissociation1877 secernment1894 breakaway1897 delinkage1973 1467–8 Rolls of Parl. V. 574/1 Severaunces from Shires, and makyng of Shires by theymself. 1491 Act 7 Hen. VII c. 12 §1 To preserve the possessions of the Crown hoolly and entierly without any severaunce or decreasing therof. 1565 Act 8 Eliz. c. 16 §2 The w^ch sayd severance and Devision of the sayd proffers shalbe entred of Recorde. 1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall ii. f. 152 Those 2. riuers..doe enclose betweene them..a neck of land..in regard of his fruitfulnesse, not vnworthy of a seuerance. 1786 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) II. 66 This measure..gives me serious apprehensions of the severance of the eastern and western parts of our confederacy. 1787 J. Barlow Oration July 4th 8 Our severance from the British empire. 1864 E. B. Pusey Daniel (1876) 501 A meeting..after this first severance. 1874 J. Geikie Great Ice Age xxxiii. 510 The sea again stole in between our islands and the Continent, until a final severance was effected. 1875 M. Arnold God & Bible Pref. 34 Their religion involved severance from Rome. 1876 M. E. Braddon Joshua Haggard's Daughter II. 81 He..kissed her with more warmth of feeling than he had ever shown after so short a severance. 1879 H. Calderwood Relations Mind & Brain iv. 91 There is no real severance of the lobes. b. const. between (two or more objects). †Formerly, a distinction or difference between. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > difference > [noun] > a difference or distinction shedc950 diversityc1340 differencea1382 differencea1393 severance1422 distinction1435 discretivec1487 differing1528 unlikeness1561 distinguishment1592 fork1639 discrimen1644 misresemblancea1693 bright line1842 1422 J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. 180 Mekenesse is the Seuerance and the difference betwene a kynge and a tyraunt. ?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 49 For (thocht I say it my self) the seuerance [a1586 soueranis] wes mekle Betuix his bastard blude and my birth noble. c1642 Contra-Replicant's Compl. 28 The Law itself makes ever a distinction betwixt the King and his agents: though our Replicant will not allow any such severance. a1832 F. D. Maurice Moral & Metaphysical Philos. in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) II. 665/1 Now more than at any former time there was a severance between religion and philosophy. 1852 W. E. Gladstone Functions of Laymen in Church 28 To draw in practice those lines of severance between truth and falsehood. 1865 E. B. Pusey Eirenicon 59 The temporary severance between Rome and both Asiatic and African Churches. 1883 M. D. Chalmers & E. Hough Bankruptcy Act Introd. 9 A severance is made between judicial and administrative functions. 1912 Blackwood's Mag. Jan. 148/2 The severance between the Parliament and the country is complete. 2. Law. a. The division of a joint estate into independent parts; the destruction of the unity of interest in a joint estate. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal possession > [noun] > division between joint tenants or owners partition1440 severance1539 1539 Act 31 Hen. VIII c. 1 §1 Forasmuche as..diverse of the Kinges Subjectes being seised of Mannors landes [etc.] as joynt tenauntes..cannot..make any severans division or particion thereof, without either of their mutuall consentes and assentes. 1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 192 If two Joyntenaunts be, and one maketh a Lease, this is a seuerance of the joynture. 1766 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. 185 Joint-tenants being seised per my et per tout, every thing that tends to narrow that interest..is a severance or destruction of the jointure. 1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) II. 501 A mortgage by a joint tenant, for a term of years, will operate as a severance of the joint tenancy. 1895 Strahan Law of Property (1908) 89 The severance of the reversion..that is, the dividing between two or more of the estate in reversion. 1895 Strahan Law of Property (1908 134 Severance of joint tenancies in land may also be brought about by merger. b. The detaching of fruit, minerals, fixtures, etc. from the soil or realty. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal possession > [noun] > detaching anything from realty severance1602 1602 W. Fulbecke Parallele or Conf. Law i. 38 After the sowing and before the seuerance [of the corn]. 1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 55 b Seuerance or remouing of the corne. 1684 T. Manley Νομοθετης: Cowell's Interpreter (ed. 2) sig. Ppp1^v Severance of Corn, is the cutting and carrying it off from the Ground, and sometimes the setting out the Tythe from the rest of the Corn is called Severance. 1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 232 Of things..that adhere to the freehold, as corn, grass, trees, and the like, or lead upon a house, no larciny could be committed by the rules of the common law; but the severance of them was, and in many things is still, merely a trespass. 1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 1208 The right to tithes accrues immediately on the severance. 1911 W. B. Odgers & W. B. Odgers Comm. Law Eng. II. 700 When things annexed to the freehold are sold in contemplation of an immediate severance. c. The separation of two or more parties that are joined in a writ, as when one is nonsuited and the other is allowed to proceed in the action. Also, ‘the putting in several or separate pleas or answers by two or more disjointly’ (Bouvier). ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > [noun] > joining of two parties against another > separation of joined parties severance1607 1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Ooo4/1 Seuerance..is the singling of two or more, that ioyne in one writ, or are ioyned in one writ. 1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 139 If two be Plaintifes in a Natiuo habendo, if one be nonsuit this is the Nonsuite of both, and no sommons and seuerance doth lie in that case. 1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. f. 139^v Seuerance is twofold, viz. by Sommons ad sequendum simul, and that is when one of the Demandants or Plaintifes neuer appeared; and by award of the Court of Nonsuit without any sommons, and that is after appearance. 1684 T. Manley Νομοθετης: Cowell's Interpreter (ed. 2) sig. Ppp1^v Severance in Debt [is] where two, or more, Executors are named Plaintiffs, and the one refuses to prosecute. 1741 T. Robinson Common Law of Kent i. vi. 110 It is the less unreasonable that the Part of him not proceeding should be divided with the rest in this Case, because he does not by the Severance absolutely cease to be Party to the Record. 1824 H. J. Stephen Treat. Princ. Pleading 270 Where in respect of several subjects or several defendants, a severance has thus taken place in the pleading, this may..lead to a corresponding severance in the whole subsequent series. d. Discharge from contractual employment. Also elliptical = severance pay n. at Compounds 2 below. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > lack of work > [noun] > dismissal or discharge discharginga1398 discharge1523 quietus est1530 conduction1538 cassing1550 remove1553 destitution1554 mittimus1596 dismissionc1600 quietus1635 removal1645 cashierment1656 separation1779 dismissing1799 dismissala1806 to give (a person) the sack1825 bullet1841 congee1847 decapitation1869 G.B.1880 the shove1899 spear1912 bob-tail1915 severance1941 sacking1958 termination1974 society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > compensation > [noun] > for termination of employment pay-off1935 severance pay1953 silver handshake1958 golden handshake1959 lumpers1960 severance1965 1941 North Western Reporter CCXCVII. 652/1 There was a complete ‘severance of employment’ and compensation would be calculated on basis of $2.50 per day. 1945 Monthly Labor Rev. Jan. 48 The American Newspaper Guild..regards dismissal pay as an equity which the individual builds up on his job and for which he should be compensated regardless of the reason of severance. 1965 Bull. U.S. Dept. Labor No. 1425 -2. ii. 9 Some agreements gave no details of the plan's characteristics—i.e., when severance would be paid, [etc.]. 1977 Time 5 Dec. 72/2 When CBS decided that Schorr must go, its lawyers in February 1976 agreed to pay Schorr more than two years' salary, and severance besides. Compounds C1. General attributive. (In sense 2d.) severance arrangement n. ΚΠ 1971 Guardian 14 Jan. 13/3 Some kind of compulsory severance arrangement..will have to be negotiated. severance money n. ΚΠ 1975 N.Y. Times 5 Nov. 23/3 The parent company closed down the edition [sc. the Scottish Daily Express] 18 months ago.., and the employees decided to keep it going as a cooperative. They put severance money of $1.3 million into the venture. severance payment n. ΚΠ 1962 Listener 19 July 86/1 I believe a compensation scheme—severance payment—is important. C2. severance cutting n. (see quot. 1928). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [noun] > clearing young or small trees cleaning1891 severance felling1895 severance cutting1905 sucker-bashing1945 1905 Terms Forestry & Logging (Bull. U.S. Dept. Agric., Bureau Forestry, No. 61) 20 Severance cuttings are made to strengthen the trees on the edge of a stand. 1928 R. S. Troup Silvicultural Syst. ii. 8 ‘Severance cuttings’..are cleared lines of varying breadth, usually 30–50 feet, cut through the wood while it is still comparatively young in order to induce low branching by the border trees. severance felling n. = severance cutting n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [noun] > clearing young or small trees cleaning1891 severance felling1895 severance cutting1905 sucker-bashing1945 1895 W. R. Fisher Schlich's Man. Forestry 469 Severance-fellings should be forty to fifty feet broad. 1951 W. L. Taylor Estate Forestry xiv. 131 Gale and flood are countered by..correct orientation of forest rides and severance fellings. severance pay n. money paid in compensation to one whose contractual employment is terminated; cf. redundancy pay n. at redundancy n. Compounds 1a. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > compensation > [noun] > for termination of employment pay-off1935 severance pay1953 silver handshake1958 golden handshake1959 lumpers1960 severance1965 1953 P. C. Berg Dict. New Words 143/1 Severance pay. 1956 Economist 7 July 12/2 The unions now appear to be ready to lay rather more emphasis on bargaining for higher severance pay. 1979 Now! 21 Sept. 95/1 The £1,750 tax-free severance pay provides a cushion for defeated MPs. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1422
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