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单词 several
释义

severaladj.adv.n.

Brit. /ˈsɛv(ə)rəl/, /ˈsɛv(ə)rl̩/, U.S. /ˈsɛv(ə)rəl/
Forms: Also Middle English–1700s severall, (Middle English severell, severele, plural severalx), Middle English–1500s severel(le, severalle, (1600s severale); poetic1600s–1700s sev'ral (1600s severall).
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman several adjective and noun (whence medieval Latin severālis), < medieval Latin sēparālis (neuter noun sēparāle), < Latin sēpar separate, distinct. Seuerel in Trevisa's translation (1387) of Higden's Polychronicon (Rolls) VIII. 49 (MS. St. John's, Camb. H 1) ‘seuerel werkes’, is an error for servile.
A. adj.
I. Existing apart, separate.
†1. Having a position, existence, or status apart; separate, distinct:
a.
(a) in predicative use. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1422 J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. xlvi. 209 So oweste thow, Alexander, to haue v messagers and v consaillours, and euery of tham shall be seuerall [L. per se separatus].
c1430 Freemasonry (1844) 22 The thrydde poynt most be severele, With the prentes knowe hyt wele, Hys mayster cownsel he kepe and close, And hys felows by his goode purpose.
1539 Bible (Great) 2 Chron. xxvi. 21 Uzia.. dwelt seuerall in an house [1611 in a seueral house] beynge a leper.
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry iii. f. 145 Varro doth commend sundry little flockes kept seuerall, then greate flockes togeather.
a1613 E. Brerewood Enq. Langs. & Relig. (1614) xii. 89 Many Mahumetans bee also found..both seuerall in sundry prouinces, and otherwise mingled with idolaters.
1642 T. Fuller Holy State iv. i. 243 Severall are the causes of Favourites falls..different the degrees and manner of their ruine.
1652 E. Sparke Scintillula Altaris (1660) 553 Mistaking the Son of Alphæus, and St. James the Brother of our Lord, for several; which were but one and the same person.
1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 330 Keeping the Delivery of others Opinions and my own severall.
1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1721) II. 334 Then grind or beat them, keeping the Fruit several, in case you have enough to fill a Vessel of one kind.
(b) in attributive use, with a and plural.
ΚΠ
1511 Pylgrymage Richarde Guylforde (Pynson) f. lvijv They [ha]ue..seuerall Cloysters, and seuerall [l]odgynges, but they kepe all theyr dyuyne seruyce in one Quere al togyther.
?1531 J. Frith Disput. Purgatorye i. sig. e6 What so ever is not answered in this parte, shalbe..fullye convinced in the thirde, which shal be a severall boke agenst my lorde of Rochestre.
1594 H. Plat Diuers Chimicall Concl. Distillation 5 in Jewell House Receaue the oile into a seuerall glasse by it selfe.
1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke 3 If you shoulde aske them, why two men of one name should not both giue one Armes? they will straight answere you, that they be of seuerall houses.
1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1891) ii. 33 In seuerall and lone houses.
1620 Horæ Subseciuæ 518 The commixture of seuerall sexes, which we call Marriage.
1635 J. Swan Speculum Mundi iv. §2. 66 Every scale of an onyon is a severall and differing scale.
a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1645 (1955) II. 461 From hence we visite S: Spirito & St. Laurence faire Churches in severall Ilands.
1690 J. Milton Hist. Brit. ii. 98 But so different a state of things requires a several relation.
1700 J. Dryden Fables Pref. sig. *Cv The Reeve, the Miller, and the Cook, are several Men.
1768 A. Tucker Light of Nature (1834) II. 311 It is the custom of Providence to perfect mighty works by a multitude of..instruments, each performing a small and several part of the whole.
†b. Separate, distinct, or different from. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > difference > [adjective] > distinct
distincta1382
alienc1384
sundrya1393
alienate1533
several1533
particular1547
severable1548
different?a1560
distinguished1609
remote1615
discriminate1626
incoincident1636
discriminated1673
allogenous1842
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > [adjective] > individual or distinct
sunderlyeOE
sundryOE
serec1175
proper1340
serelepesa1400
sundrylepesc1400
sunderlepesa1450
peculiar1509
several1533
unconfounded1577
well-distinguished1594
articulate1603
unconfused1609
inconfused1626
separate1691
demarcated1862
1533 W. Tyndale Supper of Lord in Wks. (1573) 467/2 So be we now by Baptisme rekened to bee consigned vnto Christes Church seuerall from Iewes, paynyms, &c.
1551 R. Record Pathway to Knowl. ii. xxvi The thirde likeiamme..hathe his grounde line.., seuerall from the other, but yet equall vnto it.
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccclxxiijv It [sc. penance] is also a seuerall Sacrament from Baptisme.
1566 T. Stapleton Returne Vntruthes Jewelles Replie iii. 58 Saint Luke.., if that crye of the Lycaonians hade bene in greke, woulde not haue termed it a seuerall language from the greke, as he doth, calling it Lycaonicall.
1599 Master Broughtons Lett. Answered xii. 40 Christianity hath vsed many words in seuerall sence from the common phrase.
1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus iii. 1 But the precept is entire of it selfe, and seuerall from the other before.
1636 Record's Ground of Arts 302 Either the whole number is seuerall from the Fraction..or else the whole number is ioyned with one, or both of the Fractions.
†c. With reference to function or use: Distinctive, particular. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > [adjective] > individual or distinct > of function or use
several1564
1564–5 Form Prayers Genev. & Scot. (1584) H 8 That the Minister..also vse some forme of prayer..to the which he may appoint..some seuerall daye after the Sermon, weekely to be obserued.
1582 T. Bentley et al. Monument of Matrones To Rdr. B 3 Vnder the pretense of seuerall deuotion to commit manifold vngodlinesse.
1584 B. R. tr. Herodotus Famous Hyst. ii. f. 79v Euery one..doth seruice to all the gods indifferently, no man being clarked or chosen to be the seuerall minister of any one god alone.
a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 116 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) All men should marke their cattle with an open severall marke upon their flanckes.
1614 W. Camden Remaines (rev. ed.) 178 The ancient Picts and Britans..adorned their bodies with figures and blazons of diuers colours, which they coniecture to haue bene seuerall for particular families.
1648 T. Gage Eng.-Amer. 214 There are no severall terminations for cases, as in Latine.
†d. Acting separately or individually; having separate responsibility. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > [adjective] > acting or done individually
several1466
severate1563
1466 Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) I. 322 That every person..have his accion of trespas agaynes all manner person or persones of Chester..juncte or severell at his plesyre.
1475–6 in Hist. MSS Comm.: 10th Rep.: App. Pt. V: MSS Marquis of Ormonde &c. (1885) 312 in Parl. Papers (C. 4576-I) XLII. 1 The payne..to be levid by thofficers and by every of them, juncte and severall.
2. Qualifying a plural noun: Individually separate; different.
a. Preceded by an adjective of number or plurality.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > difference > [adjective] > two, three, many, etc., different
several1448
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > [adjective] > individual or single
oneOE
singularc1340
particulara1387
serea1400
serelepya1400
several1448
single?a1475
individual1593
numerical1643
versal1709
varsal1751
separate1907
1448 in Wars Eng. in France (Rolls) I. 483 There is due unto him the somme of vij. c. xlij. li...as by iij. severalx accomptes.
1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 127 Although diuerse..learned men haue made one herbe of Thymbra and satureya, yet it is playne..that they are two seuerall herbes.
1588 ‘M. Marprelate’ Oh read ouer D. Iohn Bridges: Epist. 47 Two seuerall Iohns, the father and the sonne, that had beene both recusants.
1599 Abp. G. Abbot Briefe Descr. Worlde sig. B2 China..containeth in it very many seuerall kingdomes.
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. ii. 21 An exact command Larded with many seuerall sorts of reason. View more context for this quotation
1641 R. Greville Disc. Nature Episcopacie ii. iv. 75 The word Elder, is used twenty severall times in the New Testament.
1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 82 All these Days entirely spent in many several Voyages.
1800 W. Wordsworth Hart-leap Well 67 Three several pillars, each a rough~hewn stone.
1879 ‘G. Eliot’ Theophrastus Such i. 3 Three several times astonished.
b. Preceded by the definite article, a possessive, etc.: Each and all of the, these, †one's (etc.) various or different.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > variety > [adjective] > each and all of or several
several1445
1445 tr. Claudian's De Consulatu Stilichonis in Anglia (1905) 28 279 So that yf thou woldist nat enclyne to her severel preyers At Romys request thou sholdist not lette her wille soon to perfourme.
1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III iii. ii. 73 I doe not like these seuerall councels. View more context for this quotation
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice ii. vii. 2 Draw aside the curtaines and discouer the seuerall caskets to this noble Prince. View more context for this quotation
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 33 Hee had well viewed her seuerall forces.
1689 W. Popple tr. J. Locke Let. conc. Toleration 52 All the several separate Congregations,..will watch one another.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 205. ¶2 Besides a great many little Blemishes, which you have touched upon in your several other Papers.
1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. p. xxxix In the Compass of my own several Acquaintance.
1794 Ld. Grenville in Paget Papers (1896) I. 64 Your several Dispatches have been duly received and laid before the King.
1806 J. Lingard Antiq. Anglo-Saxon Church II. ix. 126 During the several weeks, which they spent on the coast of Natolia.
1866 J. Martineau Ess. Philos. & Theol. 1st Ser. 198 Now combine these several propositions.
1893 R. S. Ball Story of Sun 1 It is to the control of the Sun that the several planets are indebted for the regulation of their movements.
c. Without limiting word: A number of different; various, divers, sundry. (Now merged in sense A. 4.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > variety > [adjective] > various, sundry, or several
diverse1297
several1509
changeable1535
distributary?1541
varied1594
omnimodous1627
various1637
omnifarious1653
omnimode1656
variegated1662
allogeneous1892
the world > relative properties > number > plurality > [adjective] > of several kinds
manifoldeOE
serea1340
several1509
various1696
1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (1555) xliii. 212 Whose goodly stories in tongues severall About were sent for to be perpetuall.
1563 2nd Tome Homelyes Almsdeeds i. 168 b When seuerall matters are seuerally handeled.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) i. ii. 317 I will this Night, In seuerall Hands, in at his Windowes throw, As if they came from seuerall Citizens, Writings. View more context for this quotation
1628 T. Spencer Art of Logick 12 Seuerall respects of things, considered alone, and by themselues.
1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine i. iv. 11 Dates, Almonds, Nuts,..and other severall fruits.
1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding iii. vi. 217 Were they Nature's Workmanship, they could not be so various..in several Men.
1710 Chamberlayne's Magnæ Britanniæ Notitia (1743) ii. i. ii. 329 It seems to have been built at several times, and by different Persons.
1823 J. Badcock Domest. Amusem. 51 Two or three lenses may be kept, of several focal lengths.
1855 J. Phillips Man. Geol. 206 Upper limestone, cavernous, with coral bands in several stages.
d. In legal use: More than one.
ΚΠ
?1530 St. German's Dyaloge in Englysshe viii. f. xixv They be sette in this wrytynge for seuerall groundes and he that lystyth may so accompt them, or if he wyll he may take theym for one grounde after his pleasure.
1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. iii. i. §241. 164 They be but one heire, and yet seuerall persons.
1824 H. J. Stephen Treat. Princ. Pleading 279 The use of several counts, and the allowance of several pleas.
1853 in W. Williams Introd. Pleading (1857) 307 Several pleas, replications or subsequent pleadings, or several avowries or cognizances founded on the same ground of answer or defence.
1853 in W. Williams Introd. Pleading (1857) 307 Several counts on the same cause of action shall not be allowed.
3. Being one of a number of individuals of the same class.
a. every or each several: every or each individual or single.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > [noun] > the generality > each and every one thing
each oneOE
everya1250
still and boldc1300
all and somea1350
all and somea1350
one and all (also all and one)a1400
all and sundry1428
all the sort of1535
every or each several?a1562
first and last1582
each and singular1668
all and singular1669
every man jack1807
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > [noun] > an individual thing or person > each
eachOE
eitherOE
every or each several?a1562
?a1562 G. Cavendish Life Wolsey (1959) 76 Vnder the sealles of euery seuerall vnyuersitie.
1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 2 That euery seuerall person, aswell horsemen as footemen should carye a greene bough in his hand.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) i. ii. 109 Ile kisse each seuerall paper, for amends. View more context for this quotation
1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue i. 237 The tearing of euery seuerall hayre seemed vnto him the plucking out of so many eyes out of his head.
1665 T. Manley tr. H. Grotius De Rebus Belgicis 193 Without the consent of every severall Province.
1823 Baroness Bunsen in A. J. C. Hare Life & Lett. Baroness Bunsen (1879) I. vi. 214 Each several person wishes each several cardinal a happy conclave.
1843 C. G. F. Gore Mod. Chivalry I. xviii. 154 Unless the families said to inhabit Bark's Buildings were hoisted up by the crane attached to each several house.
1861 H. E. Manning in Ess. Relig. & Lit. (1865) 1st Ser. 39 Every several Greek is bound to submit to the Catholic Church, one by one.
1883 Parry in Grove's Dict. Music III. 477/2 Any of its elements can be treated as the discordant note, with the result of leading to a different key in each several case.
†b. a or one several: a single, one and only one. Also many a several = many a. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > one > only one > [noun]
oneeOE
one sole1450
one only ——c1475
a or one several1543
only1609
oner1889
the world > relative properties > number > plurality > great number, numerousness > [adjective] > abundant, numerous
so manyc888
thickc893
muchc1225
rifec1275
stourc1275
unridec1300
copiousc1384
plentya1400
rivedc1400
numerable?a1425
numerous?a1475
many a several1543
rank1545
numberous1566
huge1570
multuous1586
multeous1589
numberful1594
numberable1596
numbery1606
numbersomea1617
multitudinousa1631
sand-like1630
voluminous1650
several1712
smart1750
powerful1800
multitudinarious1810
multitudinary1838
1543 Necessary Doctr. Christen Man F iij The church of Rome being but a seuerall church, chalenginge that name of Catholyke aboue all other.
1563 2nd Tome Homelyes Prayer i. 122 b Why dyd the Apostles immediatly after his ascention, gather them selues together into one seuerall place?
1582 Bible (Rheims) Rev. xxi. 21 Every gate was of one several pearle.
1609 W. Shakespeare Louers Complaint in Sonnets sig. K4v These tallents of their heir,..I haue receau'd from many a seueral faire.
4.
a. As a vague numeral: Of an indefinite (but not large) number exceeding two or three; more than two or three but not very many. (The chief current sense.)In earlier instances that may be brought under this definition, it is difficult to determine how far the sense of ‘different, various’ remains; cf. the remarks s.v. divers adj. 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > plurality > [adjective]
somec950
somea1122
sundryc1275
diverse1387
divers1393
diverse and sundry1484
plurala1538
various and sundry1652
several?1661
several-fold1833
pluralistic1837
?1661 in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 6 During which times he received severall sums of money to the value of 300l.
1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 154 The current having forc'd the Ship upon the shore, where we were constrained to stay for several hours.
1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd iii. 275 Ninevee, of length within her wall Several days journey. View more context for this quotation
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 160. ¶1 When I was at Grand Cairo I picked up several Oriental Manuscripts.
1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson i. vi. 65 A thong of several fathoms in length,..with a running noose at one end of it.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. v. 37 Which may be seen by several hundred persons at once.
1883 R. L. Stevenson Treasure Island ii. iv. 30 Some of the men..remembered..to have seen several strangers on the road.
†b. A good many. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > plurality > great number, numerousness > [adjective] > abundant, numerous
so manyc888
thickc893
muchc1225
rifec1275
stourc1275
unridec1300
copiousc1384
plentya1400
rivedc1400
numerable?a1425
numerous?a1475
many a several1543
rank1545
numberous1566
huge1570
multuous1586
multeous1589
numberful1594
numberable1596
numbery1606
numbersomea1617
multitudinousa1631
sand-like1630
voluminous1650
several1712
smart1750
powerful1800
multitudinarious1810
multitudinary1838
1712 J. Swift Proposal for Eng. Tongue 24 Several young Men at the Universities, terribly possessed with the fear of Pedantry, run into a worse Extream.
1733 E. Budgell Bee IV. 341 A French-Celtick, or French-British Dictionary..useful and curious..for finding the Etymology of several French and British Words.
1753 L. M. tr. J. Du Bosc Accomplish'd Woman II. 26 We must not be surpris'd that this passion hath so great influence on the mind of several women.
c. elliptical and absol., esp. followed by of. a good several (nonce-use): a good many.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > plurality > great number, numerousness > [noun] > a large number or multitude
sandc825
thousandc1000
un-i-rimeOE
legiona1325
fernc1325
multitudec1350
hundred1362
abundancec1384
quantityc1390
sight1390
felec1394
manyheada1400
lastc1405
sortc1475
infinityc1480
multiplie1488
numbers1488
power1489
many1525
flock1535
heapa1547
multitudine1547
sort1548
myriads1555
myriads1559
infinite1563
tot-quot1565
dickera1586
multiplea1595
troop1596
multitudes1598
myriad1611
sea-sands1656
plurality1657
a vast many1695
dozen1734
a good few1756
nation1762
vast1793
a wheen (of)1814
swad1828
lot1833
tribe1833
slew1839
such a many1841
right smart1842
a million and one1856
horde1860
a good several1865
sheaf1865
a (bad, good, etc.) sortc1869
immense1872
dunnamuch1875
telephone number1880
umpty1905
dunnamany1906
skit1913
umpteen1919
zillion1922
gang1928
scrillion1935
jillion1942
900 number1977
gazillion1978
fuckload1984
1685 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) I. 340 His majestie hath turn'd off severall of his servants, as is said, near 200.
1686 tr. J. Chardin Trav. Persia 7 The French are very numerous..over all the Levant, there not being a Port of Turkie upon the Mediterranean sea, wherein there are not several.
1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy Pref. sig. A4 There are still several of these Topicks that are far from being exhausted.
1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. x. 232 Commerce was the reigning passion among several of the European Princes.
1774 Ld. Chesterfield Lett. to Son I. xi. 30 Cicero, the greatest Orator that Rome ever produced; although it produced several [Fr. plusieurs].
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 605 France contains no workable gold mines; but it presents in several of its rivers auriferous sands.
1865 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia V. xix. v. 525 A good several of them cut and wounded.
1883 R. L. Stevenson Treasure Island ii. iv. 30 While we could get several who were willing enough to ride to Dr. Livesey's.
†5. Consisting of different elements or parts; of diverse origin or composition. Chiefly poetic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > variety > [adjective] > miscellaneous or heterogeneous
difform1525
maslin1590
several1590
heterogeneana1601
miscellane1603
heterogeneal1605
miscellaneous1615
heterogeneous1629
miscellany1629
miscellanean1632
miscellaneal1633
stromatic1656
sundry1678
heterogenous1695
sorted1697
well-assorted1757
various1772
misc.1806
variegated1815
olla-podrida-ish1827
unhomogeneousa1830
olla-podridical1830
heterologous1834
non-homogeneous1853
cut-and-paste1864
assorted1897
sorty1899
inhomogeneous1904
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. iii. sig. C3v A heauy load he bare Of nightly stelths and pillage seuerall.
a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Henry IV cxxvi, in Poems (1878) IV. 32 How Richard fell, the various Reports Of many writing, make it seuerall; Some say that he was starv'd.
a1674 J. Milton Brief Hist. Moscovia (1682) v. 100 Seventy Messes with three Carts of several Meath [i.e. mead = drink] sent after him.
6. Combinations (parasynthetic).
ΚΠ
1633 J. Shirley Triumph of Peace i. i. (stage direct.) Fancy in a suit of several-coloured feathers, hooded, a pair of bat's wings on his shoulders.
1680 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. xi. 201 There are several fashion'd Collers: As the Joynt-Coller marked G, the Round Coller marked H, and the Coller marked I, in Plate 13.
1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 181 Seeds nut-like, sometimes cohering into a several-celled putamen.
1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. at Poa The spikelets..are for the most part several-flowered and without awns.
1882 Symonds in Macmillan's Mag. 45 325 It is a several-chorded lute on which they play.
1882–4 M. C. Cooke Brit. Fresh-water Algæ I. 270 Or even forming transverse, several-celled bands.
II. Pertaining to an individual person or thing.
7. Chiefly Law. (Opposed to common.) Private; privately owned or occupied.
a. of land, esp. of enclosed pasture.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > a legal holding > [adjective] > held in individual possession
several1421
1421 Cov. Leet Bk. 33 That þe Trinite gilde haue hur close feldis severell.
c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 37 Þe tythe awȝte to be payed... Also of pasture, comoun & seuerall.
1483 Rolls of Parl. VI. 257/1 All the seid XL Acres of Lande..as their proper and severall grounde and soil.
1580 T. Tusser Fiue Hundred Pointes Good Husbandrie (new ed.) f. 21v Good land that is seuerall, crops may haue three, in champion countrie it may not so bee.
1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. E2v The commons..are inclosed, made seueral.
1614 G. Markham Cheape & Good Husb. (1623) i. iii. 42 This ground is best if it be seuerall and inclosed, yet may be bred vpon though it bee open and in common.
a1656 R. Vines Treat. Lords-supper (1657) 183 A severall not a common field.
b. Of a house, water, or any possession or commodity. Obsolete except in several fishery, a right to fish derived through or on account of ownership of the soil.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > owning > [adjective] > individually owned
several1426
uncommon1548
entire1641
the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > [noun] > rights
several fishery1426
piscary1475
piscage1610
rod1898
fishing rights1936
society > law > legal right > rights to do or use something > [noun] > hunting or fishing rights
several fishery1426
piscary1475
(free) warren1485
fishing1495
chasea1500
fugationc1503
piscage1610
fishery1703
shooting1848
shoot1861
rod1898
fishing rights1936
1426 J. Lydgate tr. G. de Guileville Pilgrimage Life Man 2352 Sestow nat how a comoun welle Mor avaylleth..Than doth A-nother seuerel?
a1450 Fysshynge wyth Angle (1883) 35 That ye fysshe not in noo poore mannes seuerall water.
c1450 Godstow Reg. 401 The abbesse of Godestowe..yaf..to henry kyngeston and to william more, Fysshers, ther seuerell fysshwere in the subarbis of Oxenford that is I-called Charwelle.
1548 T. Key tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Mark v. 35–43 in N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. This thing did Iesus then in a nother mannes seuerall house.
1618 M. Dalton Countrey Justice 233 To take fishes that be kept in a Truncke, or seuerall pond.
1766 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. 39 He that has a several fishery must also be the owner of the soil.
1842 Act 5 & 6 Victoria c. 106 §114 The Words ‘several Fishery’ shall, for the Purposes of this Act, be construed to mean an exclusive Fishery, possessed and enjoyed as such by virtue of Grant, Patent [etc.].
1885 Act 48 & 49 Victoria c. 79 §3 A right of several fishery or of regulating a fishery shall not exceed sixty years.
†c. Const. to, also by, for (the possessor); esp. to himself (etc.). Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1423 Cov. Leet Bk. 47 The tenement..schal-be seuerall to þe priour of Couentre.
?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xiv He that hath a falowe felde seuerall to hymselfe.
1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 284 The olyue that growyth in gardyns, is seueral to the owners, but the olyue of the fylde ys comon to all.
1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Fvii Here..euerye man hath hys possessyons seuerall to hymselfe, & there allthinges be common.
1593 Rites of Durham (Surtees 1903) 83 Euery one of the old monkes had his Carrell seuerall by him selfe.
a1613 E. Brerewood Enq. Langs. & Relig. (1614) xiii. 92 The Iewes haue not for their mansion, any peculiar Country... Neither haue they..any other region in the world, seuerall to themselues.
d. figurative and allusively.
ΚΠ
c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) 207 The bastyle. longith of verray dewe ryght, To fals bakerys it is trewe herytage, Severelle to them.
?1533 W. Tyndale Expos. Mathew v. f. xxviijv The light of Christes gospell maye not be hid ner made a seuerall thynge, as though it partayned to some certayne holie parsones onlye.
1569 in J. Strype Ann. Reformation (1709) I. lv. 558 Many of your Disordered..Wives are much agrieved that Priests, which were wont to be Common, be now made Several.
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost ii. i. 223 Lad. My lippes are no Common, though seuerall they be. Bo. Belonging to whom? La. To my fortunes and mee. View more context for this quotation
1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets cxxxvii. sig. Iv Why should my heart thinke that a seuerall plot, Which my heart knowes the wide worlds common place? View more context for this quotation
1611 W. Sclater Key (1629) 303 So enuious is our nature, and so gladly would we make seuerall Gods common fauours.
8. Belonging, attributed, or assigned distributively to certain individuals referred to; different for each respectively.
a. Preceded by a possessive (or its equivalent) referring usually to a collective or distributive adjective or pronoun.
(a) qualifying a plural noun.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > difference > [adjective] > different or distinct for each respectively
sundryOE
sundera1382
several1457
mutual?1533
1457 in Hist. MSS Comm.: Rep. MSS Var. Coll. (1907) IV. 85 in Parl. Papers (Cd. 3218) LXIV. 1 Bothe my lord and we haue now late writen vnto you diuers times our seueralx lettres of especial Recommendacion.
1579 S. Gosson Schoole of Abuse f. 33v As to the body, ther are many members, seruing to seuerall vses.
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 285 Now I will set downe the divers moneys of Germany, with the severall values of them.
1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island i. xxxix. 11 Bid each kinde their severall places fill.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 714 Swift to thir several Quarters hasted then The cumbrous Elements, Earth, Flood, Aire, Fire. View more context for this quotation
a1716 R. South Serm. Several Occasions (1744) X. 118 Moses and our Saviour Christ himself; both of them, in their several times, the meekest persons upon the earth.
1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe III. viii. 202 They embraced accordingly, and departed on their several roads.
a1842 T. Arnold Hist. Rome III. xliv. 175 The officers for the year being thus appointed, it remained to determine their several provinces.
1881 B. Jowett tr. Thucydides Hist. Peloponnesian War I. 149 The Acharnians..did not attempt any united action, but guarded their several districts.
(b) qualifying a singular noun.
ΚΠ
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 33 They are to be sowed in tyme and place as I haue tolde before, in my seuerall entreatyng of them.
1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing v. iii. 29 Good morrow masters, each his seuerall way. View more context for this quotation
1633 G. Herbert Church Porch in Temple viii All in a shipwrack shift their severall way.
1645 J. Milton On Christ's Nativity: Hymn xxvi, in Poems 12 Each fetter'd Ghost slips to his severall grave.
c1750 W. Shenstone Ruin'd Abbey 18 Ambitious to display Their several merit.
1815 W. Wordsworth White Doe of Rylstone i. 12 While each pursues his several road.
1866 J. R. Lowell My Study Windows (1870) 214 Each was natural in his several way.
1894 K. Grahame Pagan Papers 4 But most of them, avoiding classification, keep each his several tender significance.
b.
(a) Preceded by the indefinite article. Obsolete or archaic.
ΚΠ
1526 Bible (Tyndale) 1 Cor. xv. 38 To every seed a severall body.
1583 P. Stubbes Anat. Abuses sig. Hviiiv To euery dish a seuerall sawce appropriat to his kinde.
1634 J. Ford Chron. Hist. Perkin Warbeck Epil. Here ha's appear'd, though in a severall fashion, The Threats of Majestie; the strength of passion; Hopes of an Empire; change of fortunes.
1635 E. Pagitt Christianographie (1636) iii. 83 I finde added to the end of every Psalme a severall Prayer.
1672 Duke of Buckingham Rehearsal iii. 26 I see, Sir, you have a several design for every Scene.
1707 C. Cibber Comical Lovers iv. 56 (stage direct.) Florimel and Celadon walk carelessly by one another, Humming a several Tune.
1733 A. Pope Ess. Man ii. 123 Each Individual seeks a sev'ral Goal.
1873 J. Earle Philol. Eng. Tongue (ed. 2) iii. 194 To observe the distinction..by a several [1871 distinct] orthography, writing the interjection wo, and the substantive woe.
†(b) elliptical. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. xliii. sig. P8 Opinions are as various, as false. Iudgement is from every tongue, a severall.
1651 T. Hobbes Philos. Rudim. vi. §1. 86 In neither sense can a multitude be understood to have one will given to it by nature, but to either a severall.
1670 J. Smith England's Improvem. Reviv'd 182 Within these Ovals do grow Saffron, Anniseed, Carroway, and Coriander-seed in each Plot a several.
†c. Preceded by other limiting words. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1614 R. Tailor Hogge hath lost Pearle iii. E 1 b Search through the guts of greatnes, and behold What seueral sin best pleas'd them.
1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. iv. 273 He repeated the Several, and Distinct discourse every man had made.
d. Not preceded by a limiting word, and qualifying a singular or plural noun. Obsolete or archaic.
ΚΠ
?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) iii. xi. sig. R iv To teach seuerall rules for euery sorte it were ouer tediouse.
1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1428/1 My lord gaue to them seuerall thanks, and they seuerallie did giue to him the like.
1602 M. Drayton Idea in Englands Heroic. Epist. (new ed.) sig. Qv How happy are all other liuing things, Which though the day disioyne by seuerall flight, The quiet euening yet together brings.
1613 T. Adams White Deuil 2 Euery one shewed him seuerall kindnesse.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 610 This said, they betook them several wayes. View more context for this quotation
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 650 The Creator calling forth by name His mightie Angels gave them several charge. View more context for this quotation
1734 A. Pope Ess. Man (rev. ed.) ii. 158 A Mightier Pow'r the strong Direction sends, And sev'ral Men impells to sev'ral Ends.
1838 W. Wordsworth Serving no Haughty Muse 4 My hands have here Disposed some cultured Flowerets..Each kind in several beds of one parterre.
9. Law. (Opposed to joint.) Pertaining separately to each of the tenants of an estate, parties to a bond or suit, etc. Of inheritance, tail: By which land is conveyed or entailed to two persons separately by moieties. Of an obligation to which several are parties: Enforceable against each of the parties independently of the others. several tenancy n. see quot. 16072.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal concepts > [adjective] > applicable individually
several1528
1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. xxiiiv Tenauntes in comon be they that haue landes & tenementes..by seuerall tytle & not ioynte tytle, & none of them knoweth of it his seuerall.
1530 St. German's Secunde Dyaloge Doctour & Student xxx. f. lxxxi That wrytte lyeth where two presente by seuerall tytles.
1581 tr. J. Kitchin Jurisdictions 198 Cestuy que plede seueral tenancy.]
1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Ooo4 Severall taile (tallium separatum) is that whereby land is given and entayled seuerally to two. For example, land is given to two men, and their wives, and to the heires of their bodies begotten: the Donees haue ioynt estate for their two liues, and yet they haue seuerall inheritance.
1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Ooo4/2 Severall tenancie (tenura separalis) is a plee, or exception taken to a writ, that is laide against two as ioynt, which are seuerall.
1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. 189 Joyntenants haue the Lands by one ioynt Title, and in one Right, & Tenants in common by seuerall Titles, or by one Title, and by seuerall Rights.
1821 J. F. Archbold Digest Law Pleading & Evid. 307 If several tenancy be pleaded to parcel, the tenant must also plead over to the action or vouch.
1826 G. J. Bell Comm. Laws Scotl. (ed. 5) I. 346 (note) A bill drawn abroad, without the words jointly and severally, settled to be joint and several on a report of mercantile usage.
1847 C. G. Addison Treat. Law Contracts (1883) i. i. §2 38 Wherever several persons agree to perform a particular act, they are bound jointly and not severally in the absence of express words creating a several liability.
1863 Chamb. Encycl. V. 732/2 The general rule of law is, that a contract of several persons is joint and not several.
†10. Logic. Used as designation of the minor proposition: see minor n. 5. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical syllogism > [adjective] > of the major or minor premise
several1551
1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Fviij The seconde is called Minor, that is to saie, the seuerall proposicion.
1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Fviij The second terme is called the seuerall, whiche is in the second proposicion.
1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Gj The terme at large, is in the first proposicion, and the terme seuerall, is in the second proposicion.
†B. adv.
= severally adv.; separately, apart; distinctly, differently; each in his own place, way, turn, etc. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > variety > [adverb]
manifoldlyeOE
mislicheeOE
sere-wise1340
in (also on, by) sundry wisea1393
in sundry waysa1393
manifolda1400
manifoldwise1440
multifarya1450
sunderly?a1450
multiplyingly1483
sundrilya1500
several1551
changeably1567
sundrywise1591
severally1605
variously1627
miscellaneously1639
multifariously1657
variedly1827
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > [adverb] > individually or distinctly
distinctlya1382
several1551
unconfusedly1663
unconfoundedly1664
1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Iviv Euery kynde of thynge is layde vp seuerall in barnes.
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. lxxviij They al pourged them selues euery man seueral [L. separatim].
1576 G. Baker tr. C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health iv. f. 228v These beaten seuerall and apart, and compounded after altogyther,..keepe to your vse.
1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. i. sig. Z5 Both tooke goodly leaue, and parted seuerall . View more context for this quotation
c1615 W. Gordon in Purchas Pilgrims iii. iii. xii. 555 Foure or fiue Wiues, with whom he lyeth by turn euery night seueral.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 697 Hee together calls, Or several one by one, the Regent Powers. View more context for this quotation
a1777 Robin Hood & Golden Arrow xiii, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1888) III. v. 224/1 We'll dress us all so several They shall not us perceive. One shall wear white, another red [etc.].
C. n.
1. in several [Anglo-Norman en several]
†a. Of land, pasture: As private property; in private hands, under separate ownership, not common. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > owning > belonging to one [phrase] > in individual ownership
in several1473
in severaltyc1475
society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > [phrase] > by joint tenancy
in several1473
in severaltyc1475
separalty1567
1473 Acta Audit. (1839) 27/1 Þe landis of Wistoune pertening to him in seuerale & propirte.
1570 T. Tusser Hundreth Good Pointes Husbandry (new ed.) f. 24 More profite is quieter found, (where pastures in seuerall bee) Of one siely acre of grounde, than Champion maketh of three.
1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 13 Their workes, both Streame and Load, lie either in seuerall, or in wastrell, that is, in enclosed grounds, or in commons.]
1652 P. Heylyn Cosmographie iii. sig. Ccc3v Where the lands lie in severall, and are duly cultivated, it answereth to the former Character.
1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1721) I. 204 Good store of Pasture, either in several or common.
b. Separately, individually; apart from others or the rest; as a separate member, unit, etc. Now rare. to know one's part in several (Law): see A. 2c.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > owning > belong [verb (intransitive)] > have one's part of property distinguished
to know in severaltyc1475
to know one's part in several1592
to know one's several1598
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > individual [phrase] > individually or separately
by sundriesc1450
in particular1502
in severalty1588
in several1592
in severality1665
society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > have tenure of property [verb (intransitive)] > hold by several tenure
to know in severaltyc1475
to know one's part in several1592
to know one's several1598
1592 A. Day Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) i. sig. H4v And touching these particularities which wee haue tearmed Motions and affects, let vs consider if you will in seuerall, & see [etc.].
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. vi. xxxiii. 149 Now are we to compare respectively the greatnes of ech part of the world in severall.
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 11 Concerning their members or parts in seueral, they are black and hairy,..a long Dogges face, and teeth stronger and longer then Dogges.
?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads ii. 320 They all, will fight in seuerall then, (Easie for note).
1652 P. Heylyn Cosmographie iii. sig. Aaa3 So it reteined that name [sc. Asia] to it selfe in several, distinct both from the Greater and the Lesser Asia.
1862 F. Hall tr. N. N. Gore Rational Refut. Hindu Philos. Syst. 160 (note) Nescience and ignorance, when referred to souls in several, are only fractional portions of illusion.
†c. Divided into separate portions. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > in or into parts [phrase]
in several1650
in severalty1824
1650 W. Brough Sacred Princ. 27 If thou wouldest have reason, why these Prayers are so short, and in severall, which use to make a long one all put together.
2.
a. Land in private ownership or over which a person has a particular right; chiefly in particularized use, a plot of such land; esp. enclosed pasture land, as opposed to common. Obsolete exc. dialect (see quots. 1787, 1895).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > possessions > [noun] > real or immovable property > land > privately or individually owned land
severalc1460
scope1569
severalty1570
propriety1661
proprietorship1788
c1460 Oseney Reg. 139 Thabbot and Couent..purposenne..to close all þe forsayde ffelde of le heth and lynlonde as here seuerell.
1473 Acta Audit. (1839) 27/1 Quhethir þe said land..has been broukit..be þe saide Johne of carmichell..as propirte & seuerale til him.
1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng vi. f. 7 The lorde may haue an actyon of Trespace agaynst any man that chaceth or kylleth any of theym in his commen, as well as in his seuerall.
1587 L. Mascall Bk. Cattell: Sheep (1627) 229 They haue no seuerals to put their lambs in when they should bee weaned.
1642 T. Fuller Holy State v. xiii. 409 He counts to enter common with others as good as his own severall.
1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (1681) 15 A Farm divided into many Severals.
1787 W. Marshall Provincialisms in Rural Econ. Norfolk II. 378 Dole, or Several, a piece of land upon a heath or common, off which only one particular person hath a right to cut fuel.
1895 W. Rye Gloss. Words E. Anglia Several, a portion of common land allotted to a certain person.
†b. gen. Private property or possession. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > possessions > [noun] > private property
several1555
private property1642
impropriation1647
1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions Pref. sig. A ij When no man claimed aught for his seueralle, but lande and water ware as commune to al, as Ayer and Skie.
?1624 G. Chapman tr. Hymn to Apollo in tr. Crowne Homers Wks. 45 No more Yee must be made, your owne Reciprocalls To your lou'd Cittie, and faire seueralls Of wiues, and houses.
a1637 B. Jonson Timber 140 in Wks. (1640) III Truth lyes open to all; it is no mans severall.
1642 T. Fuller Holy State iv. i. 242 Some are so boysterous, no severals will hold them, but lay all Offices common to their power.
†c. to know one's several [Anglo-Norman savoir son several] : see quots. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > owning > belong [verb (intransitive)] > have one's part of property distinguished
to know in severaltyc1475
to know one's part in several1592
to know one's several1598
society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > have tenure of property [verb (intransitive)] > hold by several tenure
to know in severaltyc1475
to know one's part in several1592
to know one's several1598
1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. xxiiiv [That] haue such landes & tenementes by seuerall tytle & not ioynte tytle, & none of them knoweth of it his seuerall.
1539 Act 31 Hen. VIII c. 1 None of them [joynt tenauntes] by the lawe..maye knowe their severall partes or porcions in the same.
1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. §292 Their occupation is indeuided, and neyther of them knoweth his part in seuerall.]
1598 Termes de la Ley §267 Though two tenants in common be seised throughly & of the whole and none knoweth hys seueral, yet if one die the other shall not haue the whole by ye suruiuor.1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. §292 None of them [tenants in common] know of this his seuerall.in extended use.1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre ii. viii. 54 The deluge of the Saracens tyranny had washed away the bounds of the Churches jurisdictions, that now they knew not their own severals, where Mahometanisme so long had made all common and waste.
3. plural.
†a.
(a) Particular or individual points, parts, or qualities; particulars, details. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > the quality of being specific > [noun] > quality of being specific or detailed > a detail or particular > details or particulars
particulars1559
severals1609
circumstantial1647
1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida i. iii. 180 All our abilities, guifts, natures shapes, Seueralls and generalls of grace. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) i. i. 87 There was not time enough to heare..The seueralls and vnhidden passages Of his true Titles to some certaine Dukedomes. View more context for this quotation
1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. xii. sig. I8v No man can leaue his Successor rules for seuerals.
1673 R. Allestree Ladies Calling i. i. §7 This will be found true in all the severals we are to pass thro.
1739 Burkitt's Expos. Notes N.T. (ed. 11) Matt. vi. 13 In this comprehensive and compendious Prayer, the following Severals are remarkable.
(b) rarely in singular.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > the quality of being specific > [noun] > quality of being specific or detailed > a detail or particular
circumstances?c1225
parcela1325
partya1393
specialc1405
particular?a1425
partc1425
specialityc1443
specialty1449
especialityc1460
particularity1528
respect1533
severals1606
especial1633
particularment1642
retail1644
instance1649
circumstantiality1854
1606 S. Hieron Truths Purchase 65 This is the first thing which I will..commend as a direction, for the meaner sort, (who cannot enter into the examination of every seuerall).
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) A Several, a Particular.
†b. Different parts, branches, or heads. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > one of the parts into which anything is divided > of a subject or action > different parts or branches
severals1639
1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre v. xix. 260 Herein we branch our opinion into these severals.
1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 26 Make Infallibility minced (as I may terme it) into severalls, and private Interpretation the Canon of our owne and other mens beleife.
1659 B. Walton Considerator Considered iii. 39 This [general charge] will appear to be most untrue in the severalls, by him mentioned, when we shall come to them.
†c. Individual persons or things. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > [noun] > individuality or distinctness > separate or distinct thing or person > separate or distinct things or persons
severalsa1616
severalities1649
a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) i. ii. 226 Not noted, is't, But of the finer Natures? by some Seueralls Of Head-peece extra~ ordinarie? View more context for this quotation
1650 Bp. J. Taylor Rule of Holy Living (1727) ii. §3. 73 Besides these general acts of Chastity which are common to all states of men and women, there are some few things proper to the severals.
d. Several persons or things. Cf. other pron. and n. 4b, 5b(b). Scottish, Irish English, and U.S.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > plurality > [noun] > more than one person or thing
sundry1399
diverse?c1450
divers1526
certain1532
severals1654
1654 E. Nicholas Papers (1892) II. 106 He spoak with severalls that were com in.
1693 J. Dalrymple Inst. Law Scotl. (ed. 2) i. iii. §5. 21 They remain only as bonds upon the good-will and honesty of these who are thereby bound, of which there are severals.
a1699 A. Halkett Autobiogr. (1875) 58 Itt was knowne to severalls aboutt the Court what my concerne in him was.
1711 J. Anderson Countrey-man's Let. to Curat 70 In all the Impressions of the Genevan Liturgie that ever I saw, and I have seen severals, there is a Table for the Moveable Feasts.
1756 M. Calderwood Lett. & Jrnls. (1884) iv. 102 They..were acquented with severalls of the great folks.
1860 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (ed. 3) Severals, for several, is used in Pennsylvania. ‘How many hats have you?’ ‘I used to have severals, but now have got only one.’
1875 W. Alexander Sketches Life among Ain Folk 121 Severals o' them wud lickly be cautioners, or hae len'it sooms till 'im.
1880 W. H. Patterson Gloss. Words Antrim & Down (at cited word) Severals told me about it.
†4. ? A partition or boundary. Obsolete. [Possibly another word, < sever v. + -al suffix1.]
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > [noun] > bounding line or surface > boundary-line > dividing
threadc1400
dividentc1450
several1597
ideal line1767
the Great (Continental) Divide1868
borderline1869
1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. xiv. 23 [The Jews] had..their seuerall for the Priests, and for the high Priest alone their seuerall. There being in ours for locall distinction betwene the Clergie and the rest..but one partition.
a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Suff. 55 High stiles troublesome to be clambred over. But the owners grudge not the pains in climbing them, sensible that such severals redound much to their own advantage.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

† severalv.

Etymology: < several adj.
Obsolete. rare.
1. transitive. To make (a field) ‘several’ or enclosed and private property.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > reclaim [verb (transitive)] > enclose
several1482
enclose1503
paddock1873
1482 Cov. Leet Bk. 510 My lorde Priour severels the Brodwok wast.
1482 Cov. Leet Bk. 511 The Maister of þe Trinite Gilde severels a feld in Stychall-hiron calde Miry-felde.
1577 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Islande Brit. i. viii. f. 15v/2, in R. Holinshed Chron. I The people of this Isle vsed not to seuerall their groundes.
1794 W. Pearce Agric. Berks. 49 The advantage resulting from inclosing, or at least severalling common fields, is so very obvious.
2. To divide or break up into separate parts or branches.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > divide [verb (transitive)]
to-shedc888
to-dealeOE
dealc950
twemea1023
to-doOE
to-shiftc1122
brittenc1175
sunderc1230
depart1297
parta1300
twain15..
dividec1380
minisha1382
dressc1410
dissever1417
sever1435
quarterc1440
distinct1526
videc1540
disperse1548
several1570
separate1581
dirempt1587
distinguish1609
piecemeal1611
discrete1624
dispart1629
slit1645
parcel1652
canton1653
tripartite1653
split1707
carve1711
scind1869
1570 J. Dee in H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. Math. Præf. sig. *jv Our Seuerallyng, distinctyng, and Numbryng, createth nothyng: but of Multitude considered, maketh..distinct determination.
1642 D. Rogers Naaman 55 Wee will severall the story into her branches.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
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adj.adv.n.1421v.1482
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