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单词 sentry
释义

sentryn.1

Brit. /ˈsɛntri/, U.S. /ˈsɛntri/
Forms: 1600s sentrie, ( centrie, centree, sentery), 1600s–1700s century, 1600s–1800s centry, 1700s– sentry.
Etymology: Perhaps a shortening or back-formation (apprehended as containing -ry suffix) < centrinel (1598), centronel (1594): see sentinel n.
1. = sentinel n. 3. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > castle or fortified building > [noun] > tower or watch-tower
towerc897
bastillec1400
bastillion1525
cavalier1562
commander1572
torrion1572
mount1590
sentinel1600
sentry1611
cat1628
torne1637
rondel1686
rounder1774
Martello tower1803
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Barbacane,..some hold it also to be, a Sentrie, Scout-house, or hole. Garite,..also, a Sentrie, or little lodge for a Sentinell, built on high. Guerite.., also, a Sentrie, or Watch-tower. Vedette, a Sentrie, or Court of gard, placed without a fort, or campe.
1649 J. Rosworme Good Service Ill Rewarded 7 I advised him, that..he would immediately walk to the Deansgate, & from thence to the other Centuries, using his best encouragements to prop up their hearts against any dangers.
1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures (1663) xxx. 118 Instead of Bulwarks it hath Sentries or Watch-towers.
2.
a. Military and Navy. An armed soldier or marine posted at a specified point to keep guard and to prevent the passing of an unauthorized person; spec. Military, each of the men of a military guard (see guard n. 9) posted at regular intervals round an army in garrison or in the field to watch the enemy, prevent a surprise attack and challenge all comers. to stand sentry.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier with special duty > [noun] > guard > sentry
waitc1325
watchc1380
sentinel1579
century1585
rounder1596
sentry1632
vedette1690
society > armed hostility > defence > action or duty of sentry or picket > act as sentry or picket [verb (intransitive)]
sentinel1593
to stand sentry1728
picket1775
sentry1910
to walk guard1930
1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 141 The great silence kept within, made them hold the enterprize for accomplished, there being neither Centrees, nor rounds to be seene.
1650 T. Bayly Worcesters Apophthegmes 53 The Lieutenant call'd upon the Centry to give fire.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Sentinel 'Tis not long since they said, To be on the Scout, in the same Sense as we now say, To stand Sentry.
1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 349 They appointed double centries over me.
1777 H. Gates in J. Sparks Corr. Amer. Revol. (1853) I. 437 The advanced sentries of my pickets are posted within shot.
1816 S. W. Singer Researches Hist. Playing Cards 189 The other [soldier] with his arquebuss on his shoulder is standing centry.
1822 Regul. & Ord. Army 221 The Standing Orders..are to be distinctly read..after the Sentries first posted return to the Guard.
1838 E. Bulwer-Lytton Leila i. i. 3 The sentry at the gate saluted and admitted him.
1859 O. W. Holmes Boston Hill 23 I hear their pacing sentry's tread.
1877 Field Exercise Infantry (rev. ed.) 374 On the approach of any person, the Sentry will port Arms and call out, Halt!
1908 King's Regul. & Ord. for Army ⁋937 The commander will visit his sentries at least twice by day and twice by night.
b. transferred and figurative. One who or something which keeps guard like a military sentry.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > watching or keeping guard > [noun] > one who watches or keeps guard
warda680
wakemanc1175
wardena1250
watchc1380
watchmana1400
outwatch1488
warderc1540
sentinel1579
perdu1639
sentry1650
lookout1662
security man1662
guardman1756
excubitor1775
cockatoo1827
guardsmana1854
dog1870
1650 H. Vaughan Silex Scintillans 47 My Soul, there is a Countrie Far beyond the stars, Where stands a winged Centrie All skilfull in the wars.
1670 Sedley in Medbourne Tartuffe Epil. Though Zeal stand Centry at the Gate of Sin, Yet all that have the Word pass freely in.
1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 20. ⁋4 She..got him a post upon a Stall in Wapping where he may be seen..as Centry to a Brandy-shop.
1746–7 J. Hervey Medit. (1818) 224 His trusty dog, who, for a considerable time stood centry at the door,..snores with his master.
1901 Speaker 20 July 446/2 Wild geese..when on the feed throw out sentries which keep a strict look out.
3. The occupation, duty, or service of a sentry; also the watch kept by a sentry, esp. in to keep sentry.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > action or duty of sentry or picket > [noun]
sentinel1585
sentry1639
sentinelship1643
picket1713
picket duty1764
lookout duty1831
sentry-go1880
sentry-going1901
sentry duty1917
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > watching or keeping guard > [noun] > as a watchman or sentinel
wardOE
day watchOE
watch1377
watch and ward1390
wakingc1440
scout-watch1464
watching and warding1579
sentinel1585
day ward1597
romboyle1612
escouta1627
sentry1639
watchment1740
wardage1878
sentry-go1880
sentry-going1901
1639 Laws & Ordin. War 9 Whosoever shall be convicted to have slept upon his Watch, Guard, or Centry..shall be put to death.
1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) ii. §12. 174 Thou whose nature cannot sleepe, On my temples centry keepe. View more context for this quotation
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 412 What evasion [can] bear him safe Through the strict Senteries and Stations thick Of Angels watching round? View more context for this quotation
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 373 Here Toils, and Death, and Death's half-brother, Sleep, Forms terrible to view, their Centry keep.
1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture I. 89 Your Soldiers..cannot be able to keep sufficient centry about it.
1835 in Rep. Comm. Milit. Punishm. (1836) 192 [Scale of Punishment] Dilatory on sentry (if slight) 1 extra sentry or drill.
1887 H. R. Haggard Jess xxxi. 301 Some are on sentry.
4. A military guard or watch. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > for guard duty
guarda1513
counterguard1523
stand watch1525
presidy1529
body of guard1579
court of guarda1592
perdu1622
sentry1705
field-watch1797
watch-post1852
1705 G. Stanhope Paraphr. Epist. & Gospels II. 587 The Pharisees..obtained of Pilate to have..the Sepulchre watched by a strong Guard of Soldiers. This Centry would not suffer the Body to be conveyed out.
5. Nautical. An apparatus in the form of an inverted wooden kite (towed from the stern of a vessel at a set depth), which is automatically released from its slings on striking the bottom and thus gives warning of the shoaling of the water by sounding a gong on board the vessel.Invented by Mr. S. H. James, C.E., and adopted in the Royal Navy in 1889. Cf. sentinel n. 5.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > navigational aids > [noun] > device to warn of shoaling water
sentry1894
1894 S. T. S. Lecky ‘Wrinkles’ in Pract. Navig. (ed. 9) 176 The Submarine Sentry.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
sentry bird n.
ΚΠ
1867 R. W. Emerson May-day & Other Pieces 34 When pacing through the oaks he heard Sharp queries of the sentry-bird.
sentry duty n.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > action or duty of sentry or picket > [noun]
sentinel1585
sentry1639
sentinelship1643
picket1713
picket duty1764
lookout duty1831
sentry-go1880
sentry-going1901
sentry duty1917
1917 W. Owen Let. 16 Jan. (1967) 428 Servants don't do Sentry Duty.
1977 Belfast Tel. 28 Feb. 4/3 A soldier who shot dead a Derry man and injured two other people while on sentry duty in the city last May was jailed for five years.
sentry place n.
ΚΠ
1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 116 The Tower of St. Nicholas..has..a Sentry-place at each Angle.
sentry watch n.
ΚΠ
1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas III. ix. vi. 406 The subject of my sentry-watch could not be mistaken.
C2.
Categories »
sentry board n. ‘a platform outside the gangway of a ship for a sentry to stand upon’ ( Cent. Dict. 1891).
sentry-fashion n. like a sentry.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > action or duty of sentry or picket > [adverb]
sentry-fashion1875
1875 W. McIlwraith Guide Wigtownshire 113 The [Custom-House] officer sauntered sentry-fashion round and round his prize.
sentry fish n. (see quots.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > section Asiphonida > family Ostreidae > member of (oyster)
oystereOE
oysterfish1611
sentry fish1664
sickle-oyster1758
lion's claw1759
bluepoint1789
ostracean1839
1664 R. Hubert Catal. Rarities (1665) 25 A strange sort of Oyster, that is called the Sentry fish for his nature; for it is fastned to the Rocks, and most commonly stands open to catch fish.
sentry lark n. (see quots.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > non-arboreal (larks, etc.) > [noun] > family Motacillidae > member of genus Macronyx
kalkoentjie1835
sentry lark1869
1869–73 T. R. Jones tr. A. E. Brehm Cassell's Bk. Birds I. 208 The Sentry Lark (Macronyx capensis) has received its name from the peculiar cry that it utters when disturbed, which sounds exactly like the Qui vive! employed as a challenge by French soldiers on guard.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

sentryn.2

Brit. /ˈsɛntri/, U.S. /ˈsɛntri/
Forms: Also 1500s sentrie, 1600s centrie, centori(e, 1700s–1800s centry, sentry.
Etymology: A contracted form of the earlier sentuarie , seintuarie , saintuarie , variant forms of sanctuary n.1 influenced by the French form saintuaire.
Obsolete except in proper names.
= sanctuary n.1 Also attributive.
ΘΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > [noun] > inviolable refuge, sanctuary, or asylum
sanctuaryc1380
sentry1590
asylum1725
bast1856
1590 ‘Pasquil’ First Pt. Pasquils Apol. sig. C4 He hath no way now to slyppe out of my handes, but to take sentrie in the Hospitall of Warwick.
c1593 in J. Raine Descr. Anc. Monuments Church of Durham (1842) 51 Att the easte end of the said Chapter howse..is a garth called the Centrie Garth where all the Priors & monnckes was buryed.
1774 W. Gostling Walk Canterbury xi. 67 A wall..with a very ancient arch in it, corruptly called the centry gate as parting the cœmetery or burying place of the laity from that of the monks.
1781 Gentleman's Mag. 51 305/2 There is in most parishes of this county [Cornwall] a field (generally near the church-yard), which is commonly called the sentry (perhaps sanctuary).
1849 D. Rock Church our Fathers I. iv. 311 When Simeon the monk of Durham wrote. c. a.d. 1129, this latter cross stood in the centry-garth or cemetary of that cathedral.
1869 Notes & Queries 4th Ser. 3 254 At Moreton Hampstead, co. Devon, is a large field adjoining the church; it is called the Sentry-field.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

sentryadj.

Forms: late Middle English sentri, late Middle English sentry.
Origin: Apparently formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: sentrie n., -y suffix5.
Etymology: Apparently < sentrie n. (compare discussion at that entry) + -y suffix5.
Heraldry. Obsolete.
= pily adj.2
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > lines or edges > [adjective] > divided in two > divided into a number of piles
sentry1486
pily1632
1486 Coote Armuris sig. bivv, in Bk. St. Albans The threde cootarmure restriall is calde in armys whan a cootarmure is sentry of dyuerse colowris to the poynt and whatt senttre mydyll in the poynt yt colowre is the felde. The blaseyr shall blase from yt colowre to the next colowre of the lefte side of the cootarmure and blase the colowre sentri.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

sentryv.

Brit. /ˈsɛntri/, U.S. /ˈsɛntri/
Etymology: < sentry n.1
rare.
Thesaurus »
Categories »
a. transitive. To guard as a sentry.
b. intransitive. To perform the office of a sentry.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > action or duty of sentry or picket > act as sentry or picket [verb (intransitive)]
sentinel1593
to stand sentry1728
picket1775
sentry1910
to walk guard1930
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > watching or keeping guard > watch or keep guard [verb (intransitive)]
to stand upon one's watch1535
sentinel1593
to lie (also stand, stay, etc.) perdu1607
to mount (the) guard1669
to keep guard1712
sentry1910
to watch a person's back1974
1820 J. S. Knowles Virginius v. ii. 78 Though a legion Sentried that brothel, which he calls his palace, I'd tear her from him!
1873 W. S. Mayo Never Again xii. 245 To where a postern, deep in shade, Is sentried only by the maid.
1900 Daily News 27 Sept. 5/1 Most of the prisoners are..surrounded by a thick barbed wire fence, and sentried by the Gloucesters.
1910 T. Hardy in Eng. Rev. Apr. 1 The unslumbering sea, That sentrys up and down all night, all day, From cove to promontory.
c. intransitive and reflexive. To place as a sentry; also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > watching or keeping guard > watch or keep guard [verb (reflexive)]
sentry1979
1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. x. [Wandering Rocks] 215 Corny Kelleher..glanced..at a pine coffinlid sentried in a corner.
1979 G. Swarthout Skeletons 155 John and Paul had sentried themselves before the bank door, barring my re-entry.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.11611n.21590adj.1486v.1820
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