sensitizationn.

Brit.

/ˌsɛnsᵻtʌɪˈzeɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌsɛnsədəˈzeɪʃən/,

/ˌsɛnsəˌtaɪˈzeɪʃən/

Forms: see sensitize v. and -ation suffix.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: sensitize v., -ation suffix.

Etymology: < sensitize v. + -ation suffix. In sense 2, and perhaps also in sense 1, after French sensibilisation (1852 or earlier in photography, 1901 or earlier in immunology).

1. Photography. The action of making photographic paper, film, emulsion, etc., sensitive to light or other radiation; an instance of this. Cf. sensitize v. 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > treatment of plates, films, or paper > [noun]

mercurializing1841

mercurialization1843

albumenizing1851

sensitizing1851

sensibilization1855

sensitization1857

albuminization1868

fuming1889

aluming1896

orthochromatizing1903

lenticulation1916

hypersensitizing1920

panchromatizing1922

hypersensitization1933

pre-exposure1937

latensification1940

1857 Photogr. Notes 15 Sept. 340/2 I have always obtained my best negatives with paper freshly-prepared, i.e. exposed within 24 hours after sensitization.

1877 Sci. Amer. 19 May 304/2 The sensitization is effected in about three minutes' time; the plate is then withdrawn from the bath.

1944 J. S. Friedman Hist. Color Photogr. (1945) xxvi. 464 Sensitization is accomplished by bathing in 2½ per cent ammonium dichromate.

1979 J. Muirden Sidgwick's Amateur Astronomer's Handbk. (ed. 4) xx. 343 The spectral sensitisation of the emulsion is of great significance when a selection is to be made for a specific purpose.

1983 N.Y. Times 30 Jan. h31 Perhaps the most important quality of this new film..is the special sensitization that reduces photographic differences among a variety of light sources.

2004 G. Porter in J. Horswell Pract. of Crime Scene Investig. viii. 156 Infrared films have undergone a dye sensitisation procedure during manufacture of the film to increase its spectral sensitivity.

2. Immunology. The action of making cells or bacteria susceptible to the action of complement by means of antibodies (now rare); the action of making an individual produce antibodies to an antigen; the production or development of a state of hypersensitivity or allergy; an instance of this. Cf. sensitize v. 3a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > immunogenesis > sensitization > [noun]

sensibilization1855

sensitization1904

presensitization1935

radiosensitization1951

1904 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 10 Sept. 559/2 The view of Bordet and the French school generally, that the action of immune body is what they describe as a sensitization.

1927 Jrnl. Bacteriol. 14 307 Reactions in guinea pigs to the pneumococcus autolysate are examples of true allergic sensitization.

1947 Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 1 298 Very striking is the effect of mycobacteria on sensitization to some simple compounds such as picryl chloride and 2:4 dinitrochlorobenzene... When these are injected intraperitoneally a state of anaphylaxis alone ensues, while the use of mycobacteria produces in addition sensitization of the contact dermatitis type.

1969 Daily Progress (Charlottesville, Va.) 12 Jan. a2/4 It also brings its own problems of sensitization to the horse serum from which it is made.

1984 M. J. Taussig Processes in Pathol. & Microbiol. (ed. 2) ii. 160 It is possible to suppress primary Rh sensitisation by ensuring rapid removal of foetal red cells from the maternal circulation at parturition.

2002 Austral. Doctor (Sydney) 1 Nov. 10/3 An international study..found high-risk children whose parents followed simple precautions, such as encasing mattresses, were less than half as likely to develop sensitisation to mite allergens after one year compared with children whose families did not use the preventive measures.

3. Psychology. The fact or condition of responding in a sensitized or sensitive (as opposed to a repressed) manner, esp. to an emotional stimulus; the process of becoming sensitive to a particular stimulus.

ΚΠ

1947 Jrnl. Personality 16 75 Such sensitization represents..the obverse of defense... We now find sensitization in the presence of ‘dangerous’ stimulus objects.

1976 Jrnl. Clin. Psychol. 32 321 Results were interpreted according to an approach-avoidance model of repression-sensitization.

2014 M. N. Seif & S. Winston What every Therapist needs to know about Anxiety Disorders iii. 19 One patient..became unable to give speeches, tracing her sensitization to the OJ Simpson trial.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	sensitization
释义	sensitizationn. Brit. /ˌsɛnsᵻtʌɪˈzeɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌsɛnsədəˈzeɪʃən/, /ˌsɛnsəˌtaɪˈzeɪʃən/ Forms: see sensitize v. and -ation suffix. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: sensitize v., -ation suffix. Etymology: < sensitize v. + -ation suffix. In sense 2, and perhaps also in sense 1, after French sensibilisation (1852 or earlier in photography, 1901 or earlier in immunology). 1. Photography. The action of making photographic paper, film, emulsion, etc., sensitive to light or other radiation; an instance of this. Cf. sensitize v. 1. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > treatment of plates, films, or paper > [noun] mercurializing1841 mercurialization1843 albumenizing1851 sensitizing1851 sensibilization1855 sensitization1857 albuminization1868 fuming1889 aluming1896 orthochromatizing1903 lenticulation1916 hypersensitizing1920 panchromatizing1922 hypersensitization1933 pre-exposure1937 latensification1940 1857 Photogr. Notes 15 Sept. 340/2 I have always obtained my best negatives with paper freshly-prepared, i.e. exposed within 24 hours after sensitization. 1877 Sci. Amer. 19 May 304/2 The sensitization is effected in about three minutes' time; the plate is then withdrawn from the bath. 1944 J. S. Friedman Hist. Color Photogr. (1945) xxvi. 464 Sensitization is accomplished by bathing in 2½ per cent ammonium dichromate. 1979 J. Muirden Sidgwick's Amateur Astronomer's Handbk. (ed. 4) xx. 343 The spectral sensitisation of the emulsion is of great significance when a selection is to be made for a specific purpose. 1983 N.Y. Times 30 Jan. h31 Perhaps the most important quality of this new film..is the special sensitization that reduces photographic differences among a variety of light sources. 2004 G. Porter in J. Horswell Pract. of Crime Scene Investig. viii. 156 Infrared films have undergone a dye sensitisation procedure during manufacture of the film to increase its spectral sensitivity. 2. Immunology. The action of making cells or bacteria susceptible to the action of complement by means of antibodies (now rare); the action of making an individual produce antibodies to an antigen; the production or development of a state of hypersensitivity or allergy; an instance of this. Cf. sensitize v. 3a. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > immunogenesis > sensitization > [noun] sensibilization1855 sensitization1904 presensitization1935 radiosensitization1951 1904 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 10 Sept. 559/2 The view of Bordet and the French school generally, that the action of immune body is what they describe as a sensitization. 1927 Jrnl. Bacteriol. 14 307 Reactions in guinea pigs to the pneumococcus autolysate are examples of true allergic sensitization. 1947 Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 1 298 Very striking is the effect of mycobacteria on sensitization to some simple compounds such as picryl chloride and 2:4 dinitrochlorobenzene... When these are injected intraperitoneally a state of anaphylaxis alone ensues, while the use of mycobacteria produces in addition sensitization of the contact dermatitis type. 1969 Daily Progress (Charlottesville, Va.) 12 Jan. a2/4 It also brings its own problems of sensitization to the horse serum from which it is made. 1984 M. J. Taussig Processes in Pathol. & Microbiol. (ed. 2) ii. 160 It is possible to suppress primary Rh sensitisation by ensuring rapid removal of foetal red cells from the maternal circulation at parturition. 2002 Austral. Doctor (Sydney) 1 Nov. 10/3 An international study..found high-risk children whose parents followed simple precautions, such as encasing mattresses, were less than half as likely to develop sensitisation to mite allergens after one year compared with children whose families did not use the preventive measures. 3. Psychology. The fact or condition of responding in a sensitized or sensitive (as opposed to a repressed) manner, esp. to an emotional stimulus; the process of becoming sensitive to a particular stimulus. ΚΠ 1947 Jrnl. Personality 16 75 Such sensitization represents..the obverse of defense... We now find sensitization in the presence of ‘dangerous’ stimulus objects. 1976 Jrnl. Clin. Psychol. 32 321 Results were interpreted according to an approach-avoidance model of repression-sensitization. 2014 M. N. Seif & S. Winston What every Therapist needs to know about Anxiety Disorders iii. 19 One patient..became unable to give speeches, tracing her sensitization to the OJ Simpson trial. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1857
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