† accowardv.

Forms: late Middle English acoward, 1500s accowarde.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French accouardir.

Etymology: < Middle French accouardir (French accouardir ) (reflexive) to lose courage (c1170 in Old French; compare acoardi (participial adjective) made cowardly or fearful (1167)), to cause (a person) to lose courage (1290) < Old French a- a- prefix⁵ + coart , couart coward n. Compare earlier coward v. and French forms cited at that entry.

Obsolete.

transitive. = accowardize v.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of being intimidating > intimidate or bully [verb (transitive)] > daunt (a person's) courage

cowardc1300

anarrowc1400

accowardize1480

accoward1481

daunton1535

quail1548

daunt1569

quay1590

disheart1603

dishearten1606

cravena1616

break1619

unsoula1634

unnerve1638

cowardize1648

daff1673

to put (a person) off his (also her) mettle1745

becoward1831

1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) xxix. 64 Theyre synnes acowarded them in suche wyse that they myght not doo ne accomplysshe this grete werke.

1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. i.ij^v/2 There is none so franke ne valyaunte that wyl acoward hym self but that he ought to be despysed.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 416 I accowarde, I make one faynte herted, Je accouardys: I thought that all the wordes in the world shuld not have accowarded the.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	accoward
释义	† accowardv. Forms: late Middle English acoward, 1500s accowarde. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French accouardir. Etymology: < Middle French accouardir (French accouardir ) (reflexive) to lose courage (c1170 in Old French; compare acoardi (participial adjective) made cowardly or fearful (1167)), to cause (a person) to lose courage (1290) < Old French a- a- prefix⁵ + coart , couart coward n. Compare earlier coward v. and French forms cited at that entry. Obsolete. transitive. = accowardize v. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of being intimidating > intimidate or bully [verb (transitive)] > daunt (a person's) courage cowardc1300 anarrowc1400 accowardize1480 accoward1481 daunton1535 quail1548 daunt1569 quay1590 disheart1603 dishearten1606 cravena1616 break1619 unsoula1634 unnerve1638 cowardize1648 daff1673 to put (a person) off his (also her) mettle1745 becoward1831 1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) xxix. 64 Theyre synnes acowarded them in suche wyse that they myght not doo ne accomplysshe this grete werke. 1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. i.ij^v/2 There is none so franke ne valyaunte that wyl acoward hym self but that he ought to be despysed. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 416 I accowarde, I make one faynte herted, Je accouardys: I thought that all the wordes in the world shuld not have accowarded the. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.1481
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