self-gravitationn.

Brit.

/ˌsɛlfˌɡravᵻˈteɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌsɛlfˌɡrævəˈteɪʃ(ə)n/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: self- prefix, gravitation n.

Etymology: < self- prefix + gravitation n.In sense 1 translating French gravitation sur soi (1770 in the passage translated in quot. 1795 at sense 1).

†1. Apparently: a universal tendency of objects and beings to conserve or preserve themselves. Obsolete. rare.Cf. note in etymology section.

ΚΠ

1795 W. Hodgson tr. P. H. T. d'Holbach Syst. Nature I. iv. 91 The experimental philosophers have called this tendency or direction, self-gravitation.

†2. The action by a body or mass of sinking or settling downward under its own weight. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1852 Aberdeen Jrnl. 1 Sept. 7/4 The town must be situated upon a hill, so that the liquid manure might flow by self-gravitation.

1897 Isle of Man Times 30 Oct. 3/3 He did not think highly of the system [of drainage] which had been adopted for he would much [have] preferred a scheme of self-gravitation.

3. Physics and Astronomy. The gravitational attraction which a planet or other body exerts upon its own material substance, atmosphere, etc., as opposed to that exerted by an external body. Also: the collective gravitational attractions acting among the components of a body or mass. Cf. self-gravity n.

ΚΠ

1872 Van Nostrand's Eclectic Engin. Mag. Jan. 82/1 Let three equal and homogeneous bodies be at unequal distances in space, and free to move; all other influences besides their mutual and self-gravitation being either null, or else equal and uniform.

1900 Astrophysical Jrnl. 11 113 The self-gravitation of such rings would be less than the differential pull of the gravity of the Sun's mass, and hence they would offer essentially no opposition to molecular dispersion.

1901 Proc. Royal Soc. 68 240 Under a consistent dynamical system, producing uniform acceleration in a straight line, there appear elastic strains and stresses which simulate the action of self-gravitation in the material in motion.

1920 Pop. Astron. Aug. 408 If the body is to keep whole this pull [sc. the tidal forces] must be counteracted by self-gravitation or molecular cohesion.

1968 R. A. Lyttleton Myst. Solar Syst. i. 36 Self-gravitation within the disk can far exceed the solar disruptive effect.

1981 P. H. Cadogan Moon vi. 358 If it approached within four Earth radii..the Moon would have been torn apart. Its own self-gravitation would have been insufficient to hold it together.

2006 Amer. Scientist 94 422/2 As the density of the protostellar disk increases, it starts to clump here and there in response to self-gravitation.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	self-gravitation
释义	self-gravitationn. Brit. /ˌsɛlfˌɡravᵻˈteɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌsɛlfˌɡrævəˈteɪʃ(ə)n/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: self- prefix, gravitation n. Etymology: < self- prefix + gravitation n.In sense 1 translating French gravitation sur soi (1770 in the passage translated in quot. 1795 at sense 1). †1. Apparently: a universal tendency of objects and beings to conserve or preserve themselves. Obsolete. rare.Cf. note in etymology section. ΚΠ 1795 W. Hodgson tr. P. H. T. d'Holbach Syst. Nature I. iv. 91 The experimental philosophers have called this tendency or direction, self-gravitation. †2. The action by a body or mass of sinking or settling downward under its own weight. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1852 Aberdeen Jrnl. 1 Sept. 7/4 The town must be situated upon a hill, so that the liquid manure might flow by self-gravitation. 1897 Isle of Man Times 30 Oct. 3/3 He did not think highly of the system [of drainage] which had been adopted for he would much [have] preferred a scheme of self-gravitation. 3. Physics and Astronomy. The gravitational attraction which a planet or other body exerts upon its own material substance, atmosphere, etc., as opposed to that exerted by an external body. Also: the collective gravitational attractions acting among the components of a body or mass. Cf. self-gravity n. ΚΠ 1872 Van Nostrand's Eclectic Engin. Mag. Jan. 82/1 Let three equal and homogeneous bodies be at unequal distances in space, and free to move; all other influences besides their mutual and self-gravitation being either null, or else equal and uniform. 1900 Astrophysical Jrnl. 11 113 The self-gravitation of such rings would be less than the differential pull of the gravity of the Sun's mass, and hence they would offer essentially no opposition to molecular dispersion. 1901 Proc. Royal Soc. 68 240 Under a consistent dynamical system, producing uniform acceleration in a straight line, there appear elastic strains and stresses which simulate the action of self-gravitation in the material in motion. 1920 Pop. Astron. Aug. 408 If the body is to keep whole this pull [sc. the tidal forces] must be counteracted by self-gravitation or molecular cohesion. 1968 R. A. Lyttleton Myst. Solar Syst. i. 36 Self-gravitation within the disk can far exceed the solar disruptive effect. 1981 P. H. Cadogan Moon vi. 358 If it approached within four Earth radii..the Moon would have been torn apart. Its own self-gravitation would have been insufficient to hold it together. 2006 Amer. Scientist 94 422/2 As the density of the protostellar disk increases, it starts to clump here and there in response to self-gravitation. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1795
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