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单词 self-energy
释义

self-energyn.

Brit. /ˌsɛlfˈɛnədʒi/, U.S. /ˌsɛlfˈɛnərdʒi/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: self- prefix, energy n.
Etymology: < self- prefix + energy n.
1. Innate energy, vigour, or power. Also: self-motivation. Now rare.
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the mind > will > motivation > [noun]
self-energy1722
motivation1879
drive1918
1722 J. Salwey Divine Worship Due to Christ 30 The Son created all Things..by the Self-Energy of his own All-forming Spirit.
1813 Liverpool Mercury 22 Oct. Agriculture, with a self-energy..has kept pace with its competitors.
1900 Newark (Ohio) Daily Advocate 23 June 5/1 Among all the mental qualifications which help on to success none are of more importance than self energy.
1921 V. O. Vogt Art & Relig. viii. 73 The culture of the spiritual life is partly a matter of self-energy, and self-realization, and self-devotion.
1998 Economist 19 Dec. 174/4 (advt.) Self-energy, sound track record & outstanding personal skills.
2. Physics. The energy possessed by a particle, current, etc., in isolation from other particles and fields; spec. (in quantum field theory) the energy arising from the interaction of a particle with its own field. Cf. rest energy n. at rest n.1 Compounds 2b.
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1883 O. Heaviside in Electrician 10 Mar. 390/1 We have next..to consider the potential energy of a current system on itself, as distinguished from its energy with respect to another system. The last being called the mutual energy, we may for brevity term the former the self-energy.
1933 Nature 30 Dec. 1004/2 The use of the classical function L gives infinite values of self energy and other physical quantities which are, in fact, certainly finite.
1962 D. R. Corson & P. Lorrain Introd. Electromagn. Fields vi. 243 The first two terms on the right are self-energies arising from the interaction of each current with its own field.
1977 Dædalus Fall 25 Just as the exchange of virtual photons between two electrons produces an energy of interaction between them, so also in quantum field theory the emission of virtual photons and their reabsorption by the same electron produces a self-energy.
2013 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 110 7163/2 One can show that there will be two contributions to the self-energy of the conduction electrons.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1722
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