self-sufficientadj.n.

Brit.

/ˌsɛlfsəˈfɪʃnt/, U.S.

/ˌsɛlfsəˈfɪʃ(ə)nt/

Forms: see self- prefix and sufficient adj., adv., and n.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; originally modelled on a Greek lexical item. Etymons: self- prefix, sufficient adj.

Etymology: < self- prefix + sufficient adj., originally after ancient Greek αὐτάρκης (see autarky n.). Compare slightly earlier self-suffisant adj. and slightly later self-sufficiency n.

A. adj.

a. Not needing or relying on external assistance, support, or aid.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > nature or attributes of God > [adjective] > self-sufficient

self-sufficient1596

self-full1642

self-sufficed1709

society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > independence > [adjective] > self-sufficient

suffisanta1340

sufficient for (to) oneself1382

substantive1543

self-suffisant1589

self-sufficient1596

self-sustaining1598

self-contained1605

self-subsisting1608

self-supporting1632

self-dependent1642

self-full1642

self-subsistent1646

self-sufficing1647

self-relying1648

self-depending1669

independent1670

self-sustained1675

unbenefitable1688

self-sufficed1709

self-supported1736

self-containing1826

self-reliant1834

autarkic1883

society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > independence > [adjective] > self-sufficient > not dependent on another for a living

self-sufficient1596

independent1729

self-governing1845

1596 Bp. W. Barlow tr. L. Lavater Three Christian Serm. i. 22 Faries or Spirites..haue no absolute nor selfe sufficient power to hurt [L. absolutam & liberam nocendi..potestatem].

1688 J. Norris Theory & Regulation Love i. v. 58 God, who..is the most self-sufficient and unbenefitable..Being.

1702 S. Parker tr. Cicero Five Bks. De Finibus iv. 228 Vertue, it seems, is Self-sufficient [L. ipsa virtus efficiat] to render us as Happy as 'tis possible for us to be.

1786 J. Andrews Hist. War with Amer. II. xviii. 136 We stood in no need of alliances abroad, and were quite self-sufficient at home.

1837 C. Lofft Self-formation II. xv. 251 I had been weak and vacillating.., whereas now I became wholly independent, and self-sufficient.

1899 W. R. Inge Christian Mysticism vii. 267 Physical science..is self-sufficient, and can receive nothing on external authority.

1925 R. Strunsky tr. L. Trotsky Lit. & Revol. v. 181 The effort to set art free from life, to declare it a craft self-sufficient unto itself, devitalizes and kills art.

1996 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 116 356/1 The emergence of the Goddess as a distinct, self-sufficient deity.

b. spec. Of a country, community, etc.: able to produce or provide enough of a commodity to supply its own needs; not requiring goods or commodities from elsewhere. Also of a person: financially independent; able to supply one's basic needs without external assistance.

ΚΠ

1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ i. xiv. 25 A compleat self-sufficient Countrey, wher ther is rather a superfluity, then defect of any thing.

1803 W. Taylor in Ann. Rev. 1 427 The proportion of paupers to self-sufficient persons, is larger in villages than in cities.

1869 F. W. Newman Misc. 184 Syria is a very self-sufficient region.

1955 K. A. H. Murray Agric. iii. 40 For countries that are practically self-sufficient in their food requirements.., war or the threat of war may necessitate little or no change in agricultural effort or output.

1978 Lancs. Life July 54/2 He was soon back in the Lake District.., becoming self-sufficient through selling his paintings and wood sculptures, doing odd jobs and growing his own food.

2008 U. McGovern Lost Crafts (2009) 112 To be self-sufficient in beer you would need the equipment of a maltster and enough suitable land to grow your own hops.

†2. Having excessive confidence in oneself or one's abilities; arrogant; presumptuous. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pride > excessive self-confidence > [adjective]

over-trusty?c1225

assured1477

self-wise1573

confident1600

flush1604

crested1619

sufficienta1625

self-sufficient1628

self-confiding1647

self-trustinga1660

self-secure1679

self-assured1711

cocksure1842

secure1859

self-sufficing1874

ten feet tall1962

1628 W. Struther Christian Observ. & Resol. xxiv. 67 Proud, selfe-sufficient men will not receiue Saluation by Gods powerfull application.

1672 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd II. 3 He is so self-sufficient, and an At-all of so many capacities.

1738 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. (ed. 2) I. 330 Haughty and self-sufficient behaviour.

1780 F. Burney Early Jrnls. & Lett. (2003) IV. 106 Mrs. Dobson, though coarse, low bred, forward, self-sufficient & flaunting, seems to have a strong & masculine Understanding.

1842 S. Lover Handy Andy vii. 69 A self-sufficient jackanapes.

1889 A. Carr in Gospel St. Matthew 21 The poor are opposed to the spiritually proud and self-sufficient.

1916 W. Owen Let. 13 July (1967) 399 His dogmatic, pig-headed, preachifying, self-sufficient manners and domineering tone.

B. n.

1. A self-sufficient person or being.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > independence > [noun] > self-sufficiency > one who is self-sufficient

substantive1589

self-supporter1614

self-helper1661

self-sufficient1665

1665 R. Alleine Heaven Opened i. 4 Man was never intended to be a self-sufficient; he was created under a necessity of dependance on somthing without him.

1697 Divine Unity once more Asserted 9/1 There are three Divine Beings, three Divine Minds, three Self-sufficients, which is the same as to say there are three Gods.

1756 J. Dove Remarks upon Pamphlet C. Fleming Ep. Ded. p. xii You stand infinitely higher in my esteem, than the self-sufficients I have been disciplining in this performance.

1772 Public Advertiser 17 Apr. It is of no Use to prove to these Self-sufficients the Authenticity of Scripture.

1832 Brit. Traveller 30 Oct. We are very frequently amused—sometimes afflicted—by the conduct of some of our Police Magistrates... Mr. Allan Malcolm Laing is one of these self-sufficients.

1897 Boston Sunday Globe 4 Apr. 30/6 Certain self-sufficients started a million dollar monument fund.

1926 I. Brown H. G. Wells iii. 43 Bert Smallways in The War in the Air is another of these admirable self-sufficients.

2007 Oklahoman (Oklahoma City) (Nexis) 24 Sept. (You! section) 6 d Statements made by self-sufficients.

†2. A word or term which can be understood without knowledge of its context. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1909 W. James Meaning of Truth xiv. 276 Mr. Russell, and also Mr. Hawtrey..seem to think that in our mouth also such terms as ‘meaning’, ‘truth’, ‘belief’, ‘object’, ‘definition’, are self-sufficients with no context of varying relation that might be further asked about.

Derivatives

self-suˈfficientness n. now rare the condition of quality of being self-sufficient.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > independence > [noun] > self-sufficiency

sufficiencec1384

suffisancea1450

self-sufficiency1598

autarky1617

self-dependencea1620

self-sufficience1623

self-subsistencea1631

self-support1632

self-fullness1668

self-reliance1668

self-dependency1749

self-sustainment1779

self-sustenance1786

self-sufficingness1811

substantiveness1821

self-sustentationa1832

self-containment1841

self-sufficientness1846

self-containing1850

self-supportedness1862

rugged individualism1898

1846 Fraser's Mag. June 694/2 The Lutheran reformation unavoidably favoured the development of individual self-sufficientness.

1889 J. R. Lowell Let. 9 Mar. (1894) II. 413 [Philadelphia] was very sweet in its provincial valley of self-sufficientness and contentment.

2004 National Directory Children, Youth, & Family Services (ed. 20) i. 148/3 Education and employment opportunities to aid in self sufficientness for low income latinos and youth.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	self-sufficient
释义	self-sufficientadj.n. Brit. /ˌsɛlfsəˈfɪʃnt/, U.S. /ˌsɛlfsəˈfɪʃ(ə)nt/ Forms: see self- prefix and sufficient adj., adv., and n. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; originally modelled on a Greek lexical item. Etymons: self- prefix, sufficient adj. Etymology: < self- prefix + sufficient adj., originally after ancient Greek αὐτάρκης (see autarky n.). Compare slightly earlier self-suffisant adj. and slightly later self-sufficiency n. A. adj. 1. a. Not needing or relying on external assistance, support, or aid. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > nature or attributes of God > [adjective] > self-sufficient self-sufficient1596 self-full1642 self-sufficed1709 society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > independence > [adjective] > self-sufficient suffisanta1340 sufficient for (to) oneself1382 substantive1543 self-suffisant1589 self-sufficient1596 self-sustaining1598 self-contained1605 self-subsisting1608 self-supporting1632 self-dependent1642 self-full1642 self-subsistent1646 self-sufficing1647 self-relying1648 self-depending1669 independent1670 self-sustained1675 unbenefitable1688 self-sufficed1709 self-supported1736 self-containing1826 self-reliant1834 autarkic1883 society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > independence > [adjective] > self-sufficient > not dependent on another for a living self-sufficient1596 independent1729 self-governing1845 1596 Bp. W. Barlow tr. L. Lavater Three Christian Serm. i. 22 Faries or Spirites..haue no absolute nor selfe sufficient power to hurt [L. absolutam & liberam nocendi..potestatem]. 1688 J. Norris Theory & Regulation Love i. v. 58 God, who..is the most self-sufficient and unbenefitable..Being. 1702 S. Parker tr. Cicero Five Bks. De Finibus iv. 228 Vertue, it seems, is Self-sufficient [L. ipsa virtus efficiat] to render us as Happy as 'tis possible for us to be. 1786 J. Andrews Hist. War with Amer. II. xviii. 136 We stood in no need of alliances abroad, and were quite self-sufficient at home. 1837 C. Lofft Self-formation II. xv. 251 I had been weak and vacillating.., whereas now I became wholly independent, and self-sufficient. 1899 W. R. Inge Christian Mysticism vii. 267 Physical science..is self-sufficient, and can receive nothing on external authority. 1925 R. Strunsky tr. L. Trotsky Lit. & Revol. v. 181 The effort to set art free from life, to declare it a craft self-sufficient unto itself, devitalizes and kills art. 1996 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 116 356/1 The emergence of the Goddess as a distinct, self-sufficient deity. b. spec. Of a country, community, etc.: able to produce or provide enough of a commodity to supply its own needs; not requiring goods or commodities from elsewhere. Also of a person: financially independent; able to supply one's basic needs without external assistance. ΚΠ 1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ i. xiv. 25 A compleat self-sufficient Countrey, wher ther is rather a superfluity, then defect of any thing. 1803 W. Taylor in Ann. Rev. 1 427 The proportion of paupers to self-sufficient persons, is larger in villages than in cities. 1869 F. W. Newman Misc. 184 Syria is a very self-sufficient region. 1955 K. A. H. Murray Agric. iii. 40 For countries that are practically self-sufficient in their food requirements.., war or the threat of war may necessitate little or no change in agricultural effort or output. 1978 Lancs. Life July 54/2 He was soon back in the Lake District.., becoming self-sufficient through selling his paintings and wood sculptures, doing odd jobs and growing his own food. 2008 U. McGovern Lost Crafts (2009) 112 To be self-sufficient in beer you would need the equipment of a maltster and enough suitable land to grow your own hops. †2. Having excessive confidence in oneself or one's abilities; arrogant; presumptuous. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pride > excessive self-confidence > [adjective] over-trusty?c1225 assured1477 self-wise1573 confident1600 flush1604 crested1619 sufficienta1625 self-sufficient1628 self-confiding1647 self-trustinga1660 self-secure1679 self-assured1711 cocksure1842 secure1859 self-sufficing1874 ten feet tall1962 1628 W. Struther Christian Observ. & Resol. xxiv. 67 Proud, selfe-sufficient men will not receiue Saluation by Gods powerfull application. 1672 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd II. 3 He is so self-sufficient, and an At-all of so many capacities. 1738 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. (ed. 2) I. 330 Haughty and self-sufficient behaviour. 1780 F. Burney Early Jrnls. & Lett. (2003) IV. 106 Mrs. Dobson, though coarse, low bred, forward, self-sufficient & flaunting, seems to have a strong & masculine Understanding. 1842 S. Lover Handy Andy vii. 69 A self-sufficient jackanapes. 1889 A. Carr in Gospel St. Matthew 21 The poor are opposed to the spiritually proud and self-sufficient. 1916 W. Owen Let. 13 July (1967) 399 His dogmatic, pig-headed, preachifying, self-sufficient manners and domineering tone. B. n. 1. A self-sufficient person or being. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > independence > [noun] > self-sufficiency > one who is self-sufficient substantive1589 self-supporter1614 self-helper1661 self-sufficient1665 1665 R. Alleine Heaven Opened i. 4 Man was never intended to be a self-sufficient; he was created under a necessity of dependance on somthing without him. 1697 Divine Unity once more Asserted 9/1 There are three Divine Beings, three Divine Minds, three Self-sufficients, which is the same as to say there are three Gods. 1756 J. Dove Remarks upon Pamphlet C. Fleming Ep. Ded. p. xii You stand infinitely higher in my esteem, than the self-sufficients I have been disciplining in this performance. 1772 Public Advertiser 17 Apr. It is of no Use to prove to these Self-sufficients the Authenticity of Scripture. 1832 Brit. Traveller 30 Oct. We are very frequently amused—sometimes afflicted—by the conduct of some of our Police Magistrates... Mr. Allan Malcolm Laing is one of these self-sufficients. 1897 Boston Sunday Globe 4 Apr. 30/6 Certain self-sufficients started a million dollar monument fund. 1926 I. Brown H. G. Wells iii. 43 Bert Smallways in The War in the Air is another of these admirable self-sufficients. 2007 Oklahoman (Oklahoma City) (Nexis) 24 Sept. (You! section) 6 d Statements made by self-sufficients. †2. A word or term which can be understood without knowledge of its context. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1909 W. James Meaning of Truth xiv. 276 Mr. Russell, and also Mr. Hawtrey..seem to think that in our mouth also such terms as ‘meaning’, ‘truth’, ‘belief’, ‘object’, ‘definition’, are self-sufficients with no context of varying relation that might be further asked about. Derivatives self-suˈfficientness n. now rare the condition of quality of being self-sufficient. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > independence > [noun] > self-sufficiency sufficiencec1384 suffisancea1450 self-sufficiency1598 autarky1617 self-dependencea1620 self-sufficience1623 self-subsistencea1631 self-support1632 self-fullness1668 self-reliance1668 self-dependency1749 self-sustainment1779 self-sustenance1786 self-sufficingness1811 substantiveness1821 self-sustentationa1832 self-containment1841 self-sufficientness1846 self-containing1850 self-supportedness1862 rugged individualism1898 1846 Fraser's Mag. June 694/2 The Lutheran reformation unavoidably favoured the development of individual self-sufficientness. 1889 J. R. Lowell Let. 9 Mar. (1894) II. 413 [Philadelphia] was very sweet in its provincial valley of self-sufficientness and contentment. 2004 National Directory Children, Youth, & Family Services (ed. 20) i. 148/3 Education and employment opportunities to aid in self sufficientness for low income latinos and youth. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1596
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