sectionn.

Brit.

/ˈsɛkʃn/, U.S.

/ˈsɛkʃən/

Forms: Also 1500s sectione, sectioun.

Etymology: < French section, or directly < Latin sectiōn-em, < sect-, participial stem of secāre to cut. Compare Spanish seccion, Portuguese secção, Italian sezione.

a. The action, or an act, of cutting or dividing. Now rare except with reference to surgery or anatomical operations.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > incision > [noun]

scissure?a1425

incision1474

section1559

incising1567

discission1684

keyhole1973

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > division by cutting > [noun]

section1559

dissection1611

secturea1643

chopping1725

severization1849

sectioning1887

1559 tr. T. Geminus Compendios a Totius Anat. (new ed.) 4/1 Neyther in man only, is seene the perfecte arte of nature, but in the Anatomie or Section of any other beast, shall you fynde the like wysdome and industrie of the worke master.

1577 M. Hanmer tr. Socrates Scholasticus i. v, in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. 226 That clause: The sonne to be of one substance with the father, was..allowed..neither to be by diuision of substance neither by section or parting asunder.

1600 P. Holland tr. Florus Breviaries lv, in tr. Livy Rom. Hist. 1241 The young prince pined away with the paine of the stone in the bladder, and whiles they would seeme to cut him for it they killed him out of hand in the very section.

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 344 Concerning this Cæsarian section.

1631 G. Chapman Warres Pompey & Caesar Ded. The..section of acts and scenes. [Cf. ante, the division of acts and scenes.]

1656 tr. T. Hobbes Elements Philos. ii. xii. 103 Lines and Superficies may be Exposed by Section; namely a Line may be made by Cutting an Exposed Superficies.

1657 J. Watts Scribe, Pharisee i. 21 He will by a hasty and imprudent Saw, or Razor cut of a part, and make a section, and endanger life.

1661 E. Hickeringill Jamaica 40 Neither heat nor cold can baracade the..womb of the earth from the Cæsarean Section..of the greedy Miners.

a1682 Sir T. Browne Certain Misc. Tracts (1683) 58 Their course of mowing seems somewhat different from ours. For they cut not down clear at once, but used an after section, which they called Sicilitium.

1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 657/1 Animals have been bled to death by the section of the larger bloodvessels.

1870 M. Foster in Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 10 125 The cake with the imbedded object..in a few minutes is ready for section.

1870 M. Foster in Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 10 125 The sections may then be made either with a microtome or with a hand razor.

1883 Brunton in Nature 15 Mar. 467 Setchenow explains the increased rapidity of reflex action after section of the cord below the medulla oblongata.

†b. Division into parties. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > dissent > [noun] > division or lack of unity

unoning1340

schism1390

division1393

departmentc1450

rupture1583

secting1598

disunion1601

twine1606

section1639

distermination1647

scission1736

cleavage1867

non-union1909

1639 T. Heywood Londini Status Pacatus sig. C2 The Tranquility and calm quiet of Kingdomes, free from Section, tumult, uproares and faction.

†c. = caesura n. Obsolete.

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society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > versification > rhythm > [noun] > caesura

caesura?1567

section1584

pause1589

1584 King James VI & I Ess. Prentise Poesie sig. Lij^v Remember also to mak a Sectioun in the middes of euery lyne, quhether the lyne be lang or short.

1695 M. Wheeler Royal Gram. Reformed 17 This Section of a word just before the last Syllable is call'd Cæsura.

†d. The point of cutting or division. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > [noun] > point or line of division

section?a1560

separation1615

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > division by cutting > [noun] > point of

section?a1560

?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. xxviii. sig. Hiv^v Multiply the portions that are betweene any two sections or places in the distance of your two stations.

?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. xxxv. sig. L ij Cut this last drawen line, and at y^e section make a marke.

1599 E. Wright Certaine Errors Navigation sig. D1 We may make a table which shall shew the sections and points of latitude in the meridians of the nautical planisphere: by which sections, the parallels are to be drawne.

2. A part separated or divided off from the remainder; one of the portions into which a thing is cut or divided.

a. gen.

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1799 W. Nicholson tr. G. B. Venburi Exper. Enquiries Conc. Motion of Fluids 44 It is necessary that the water should begin to fall at BC..with the least possible velocity; and that the height of the water FB should be no more than is necessary to fill the section BC.

1874 J. Parker Paraclete i. vii. 106 The theologian is entitled to claim astronomy, geology, botany, agriculture, and chemistry, as sections of theology.

1884 tr. H. Lotze Logic 178 We have to content ourselves with breaking up the whole series of values into sections and acting as if the conditions were the same throughout each section.

b. A subdivision of a written or printed work, a statute, or the like. Often represented by the symbol § (preceding a numeral figure); also abbreviated sect. (rarely sec.).Although in some few books section has been adopted as the designation of a division superior to the ‘chapter’ (cf. German abschnitt), the common practice from the 17th cent. onward has been to apply the word to the lowest order of numbered divisions. In most recent books the ‘section’ (or, at least, the division denoted by the symbol §) either consists of a single paragraph, or, if it extends to several paragraphs, commonly has no head-line separated from the text. In modern Acts of Parliament the ‘section’ (for which the abbreviations sect. and § are both in official use) is a subdivision of the ‘chapter’ (i.e. Act) containing a specific provision or enactment. In some works (e.g. Bell's Comment. Laws of Scotland), the ‘Section’ (abbreviated ‘Sect.’ in the table of contents) is the division next below the ‘Chapter’, and is itself subdivided into numbered portions marked with the symbol §.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > book > matter of book > [noun] > chapter or section

capitleeOE

chapter?c1225

pacea1325

chapitle1340

passa1400

capitalc1460

titlec1460

spacea1500

section1576

head1610

tract1662

passus1765

screed1829

subtitle1891

the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of ideation > topic, subject-matter > materials of topic > [noun] > of discourse > division of

contenu1477

content1509

head-place1559

section1576

topica1661

subhead1672

heading1861

1576 A. Fleming tr. J. Caius Of Eng. Dogges 14 Such Dogges as serue for fowling, I thinke conuenient and requisite to place in this seconde Section of this treatise.

1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. i. i. §1. 8 b Whereof more hereafter in this Section.

1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 9 (heading) §2. Of the Office of a Master-Printer.

1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 10 (running title) Sect. II.

1714 S. Cunn New Treat. Fractions 43 The Directions laid down in Sect. 3 of Chap. II.

1738 W. Warburton Divine Legation Moses I. i. 1 Book I. Sect. I.

1769 Beattie in Dyce Mem. (Aldine ed.) p. xxvi It will be regularly distributed into chapters and sections.

1806 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 15 192 Mr. R. has divided his answer into several parts or sections.

1821 J. Bentham Elements Art of Packing 187 In the printed editions (it is true) we see each statute divided into sections, and each section numbered. But this is the work of the printer only or his editor.

1857 Act 20 & 21 Victoria c. 25 §2 Ordinances framed by the Commissioners under Sections Twenty-eight and Twenty-nine of the same Act.

1870 Act 30 & 34 Vict. c. 75 §34 Provided that this section [of the Act] shall not apply to [etc.].

1874 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (1896) III. xviii. 250 The preceding sections of this chapter.

c. Natural History. Used variously by different writers for a subdivision of a classificatory group, e.g. of a class, order, family, or genus. In Botany now chiefly = subgenus n.; but some writers (as Bentley) use it for a division of a sub-genus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > taxonomy > taxon > [noun] > section or sub-section

section1720

subsection1813

subgroup1826

subdivision2000

1720 P. Blair Bot. Ess. iii. 148 According to Tournefort's Method, Malva becomes the Section of a Class. Althæa, Alcæa, &c. are several Genera of this Section.

1819 W. S. MacLeay Horæ Entomologicæ i. 55 Latreille has..proposed to make but one genus of them, ascribing to the modern genera the name of sections.

1877 A. W. Bennett tr. O. W. Thomé Text-bk. Struct. & Physiol. Bot. vi. 238 It is usual to arrange the orders which make up a class into Series, the genera which make up a family into Tribes, and the species which make up a genus into Sections.

1885 Athenæum 3 Jan. 20/3 The author..remarked that amongst the æluroids the section of Viverrina formed a very distinct group.

1899 R. L. Heinig Gloss. Bot. Terms Section, a part separated by division; a group of correlated species arranged under genera or sub~genera.

d. A separable portion of any collection or aggregate of persons, e.g. of the population of a country; a group, distinguished by a special variety of opinion, forming part of a political or religious party; one of several groups into which the membership of a learned society is divided according to the various branches of study in which the members are severally interested.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > [noun] > a division of human society

worldc1384

tribe1693

section1832

1832 C. Babbage Econ. Machinery & Manuf. xix. 156 This section consisted of seven or eight persons of considerable acquaintance with mathematics.

1852 F. W. Robertson Serm. 3rd Ser. xvi. 205 The question..whether of the two sections held the abstract right.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People vi. §1. 267 The Church had at this time..sunk into a mere section of the landed aristocracy.

1884 Manch. Examiner 14 May 5/5 To one section of the House Mr. Power's speech gave great delight.

e. (a) French History. One of the electoral districts into which France was divided under the Directory. (b) U.S. An area of one square mile into which the undeveloped lands are divided. (c) Chiefly U.S. A district or portion of a town or country exhibiting uniform characteristics or considered as divided from the rest on account of such characteristics. (d) Australian and New Zealand. An area of undeveloped land, variable in size. (e) Australian and New Zealand. A plot of land suitable for building on. (f) In various African countries, an administrative district (see quot. 1951).

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > part of country or district > [noun]

endc893

shirec893

estrec1275

sidec1325

bounds1340

provincea1382

partc1400

landmark1550

tract1553

canton1601

neighbourhood1652

district1712

section1785

circumscription1831

location1833

block1840

strip1873

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in France

canton1611

generalty1611

generality1615

arrondissement1746

section1785

commune1790

department1793

inspection1888

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town or city > part of town or city > [noun]

quarter1526

ferling1610

quartier1828

urban village1867

quartiere1888

section1907

poblacion1926

neighbourhood1929

precinct1942

village1949

(a)

1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. i. iv. 35 The Sixty Districts shall become Forty-eight Sections.

(b)1785 Jrnls. Continental Congr. (Libr. of Congr.) (1933) XXVIII. 299 The plats of the townships..shall be marked by sub~divisions into sections of 1 mile square.1805 in Ann. Congr. U.S. 9th Congr., 2nd Sess. 1032 If the said lands shall be surveyed in townships of six miles square each, and the same divided into sections of one mile square each.1809 F. Cuming Sketches Tour Western Country (1810) 197 This Crouse is a wealthy man, having..a farm of two sections, containing thirteen hundred acres.1831 J. M. Peck Guide for Emigrants 257 A district of country is first divided into..square miles, or..sections, as they are called in the surveys.1849 E. Chamberlain Indiana Gazetteer (ed. 3) 420 North of Eel river are about 40 sections of barrens intermixed with small prairies.1871 Scribner's Monthly 2 664 A thicket of pines on a hillside, a ‘section’ that had been left when the adjoining fields were cleared.1890 Stock Grower & Farmer 8 Mar. 5/3 The intervening sections of the Atlantic and Pacific railroad land grant [in Arizona] are owned by the cattle men and are not fenced.1903 Indian Affairs: Laws & Treaties III. 8 Section sixteen shall become a part of the reservation heretofore set apart for the use..of the Torros band.1924 H. Croy R.F.D. No. 3 3 He had only one hundred and twenty acres of land, while most of the farmers had a quarter, or a half section, even a section.1975 New Yorker 27 Oct. 114/2 We have six hundred and forty acres—what you call a section—and they wish to flood it to make recreation.(c)1816 J. Pickering Vocab. U.S. 170 Section. Since the French Revolution this word has been much used here instead of part, quarter, &c. Ex. ‘In this section of the United States.’ It is not thus used in England.1832 in N. Webster Dict. Eng. Lang. 1865 E. Burritt Walk to Land's End 171 In estimating the production of a dairy, the farmers of this section do not make much account of the breed, size or color of the cows.1879 A. W. Tourgée Fool's Errand iv. 20 The war is over... For a few months there may be disorders in some sections; but they will be very rare.1907 Standard 19 Jan. 7/2 The northern section of Kingston is deserted.(d)1836 S. Austral. Gaz. & Colonial Reg. 18 June 4/2 Surveyed land shall be divided, as nearly as may be, into sections of eighty acres each, with the exception of the site of the first town, which shall be divided into acre sections.1841 W. Deans Let. 25 Mar. in J. Deans Pioneers of Canterbury (1937) i. 31 Some part of the rural sections may not just be what could have been wished.1923 in J. Reid Kiwi Laughs (1961) His idea was that he and I should get the firewood rights on a thousand-acre section, up under the mountain reserve.1950 N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. Jan. 26/2 Ten 10-acre sections have been allocated to returned servicemen.(e)1836 [see ]. 1851 Lyttelton (N.Z.) Times 11 Jan. 5 The immediate choosing of the town acre sections has been a most important and useful measure.1886 F. Hume Myst. Hansom Cab (1887) v. 19 She..purchased a small section at St. Kilda, and built a house on it.1935 ‘J. Guthrie’ Little Country ii. 43 They would much rather have had an eighth-acre section.1961 B. Crump Hang on a Minute Mate 97 Tony..was paying off a section in Tokoroa and talking about putting in for one of them Government loans to build a house with.1977 N.Z. Herald 8 Jan. iv. 6/2 (advt.) Waiheke Island, sections and batches urgently wanted.(f)1951 K. L. Little Mende of Sierra Leone v. 104 The overall picture..is one of small towns around each of which is spread a number of component villages. This combination of town and villages constitutes a social and political entity which, in the older sense, corresponds to what is officially termed, nowadays, the ‘section’ of a chiefdom.1957 M. Banton West Afr. City viii. 151 He is assisted by seven section chiefs and certain tribal officials.1977 Times of Zambia 7 Sept. 7/7 He has received the reports from all governors in the province on the recent village and section elections.

f. Bookbinding. (See quot. 1859.)

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > book > leaves or pages of book > [noun] > quire or gathering

quire1393

stitching1679

gathering1683

qr.1741

section1859

1859 Stationers' Hand-bk. 81 Section, any number of sheets of paper folded together are termed a Section.

1880 J. W. Zaehnsdorf Art of Bookbinding 5 The book should be divided into lots or sections of about half-an-inch thick, that will be about 15 to 20 sheets, according to the thickness of paper.

g. Military. Originally: a fourth part of a company or the fourth part of a platoon. Now used of various small tactical units.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > unit of army > [noun] > regiment > infantry regiment > division of

foot company1586

company1590

field battalion1714

section1863

society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > unit of army > [noun] > squad, platoon, section, etc.

glub1382

scalec1400

platoon?a1547

maniple1574

squadron1579

squader1590

squadrant1614

file1616

squada1657

peloton1702

section1913

1863 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea (1877) III. i. 138 The Coldstream broke into open column of sections.

1889 Infantry Drill 61 The company..will then be told off into two half-companies and four sections.

1913 Army Order 323 1 Oct. 4 The non-commissioned officers and men of the machine-gun section..will be distributed for discipline and administration in peace amongst the four companies.

1914 Infantry Training i. iii. § 75. 64 Section drill. The section will be exercised in all the movements of squad drill.

1915 D. O. Barnett Let. 24 Mar. in In Happy Memory 100 At first I thought the whole section was done in, as rifles and equipment flew in the air.

1919 G. K. Rose 2/4th Oxf. & Bucks. Light Infantry 119 When all the sections—the Lewis-gunners, bombers, rifle-grenadiers, and riflemen—were finally complete.

1939 J. T. Gorman Army of To-day iii. 69 All the men in a section or platoon are taught to use the light (Bren) machine-gun individually.

1943 Britain's Mod. Army ix. 192/2 Columns of threes are now used, each column in a platoon representing a section with the commander at its head. Thus a section can ‘peel off’ quickly to a threatened flank, without leaving a gap in the column as used to occur when a section left the old column of fours.

1968 R. M. Barnes Brit. Army of 1914 i. 35 The infantry advanced in small parties—probably sections in fours, spaced out at fairly wide intervals, or in a ‘diamond formation’ of sections or platoons.

h. Prosody. Used by Guest for: A member of a verse, esp. a hemistich of an Old English or Middle English alliterative line.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > part of poem > [noun] > line > subdivision of line > half-line

hemistich?1578

section1838

half1892

1838 E. Guest Hist. Eng. Rhythms I. i. vii. 149.

i. Music. (See quot. 1866.)

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > section of piece of music > [noun] > phrase > group of phrases

numbers1595

period1866

section1866

sentence1891

1866 C. Engel Introd. Study National Music ii. 83 A section consists generally of two phrases; and a simple period consists of two sections.

j. U.S. A portion of a sleeping-car containing two berths.

ΚΠ

1874 M. E. Herbert tr. J. A. von Hübner Ramble round World (1878) i. iv. 38 Each window [in the U.S. railroad cars] allows for two beds, one at the top of the other, unless the traveller has taken a ‘section’, i.e., the whole space of one window.

1892 A. C. Gunter Miss Dividends (1893) 245 Making up his bed in the state~room which is unoccupied, and more roomy than a section.

k. U.S. Railways. ‘The smallest administrative subdivision of a railroad. It is usually a mile or two in length and is designated by a number.’ ( Cent. Dict. Suppl.; see also quot. 1890¹.)

ΚΠ

1890 E. P. Alexander in Railways of Amer. 156 Each of the supervisors of road has his assigned territory divided into ‘sections’, from five to eight miles in length. At a suitable place on each section are erected houses for a resident section-master and from six to twelve hands.

1890 E. P. Alexander in Railways of Amer. 156 At least twice a day track-walkers from the section-gangs pass over the entire line of road.

1890 E. P. Alexander in Railways of Amer. 156 The work of the section~men is all done under regular system.

l. One of the component parts of something which is built up of a number of similar portions so as to admit of enlargement when necessary, or which is constructed to be taken to pieces for facility of transport.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > one of the parts into which anything is divided

dealinga1300

divisionc1374

partc1392

spacec1392

long divisionc1400

severingc1400

skyvaldc1400

foddinga1425

panelc1450

partition1561

roomstead1600

canton1601

separation1604

share1643

scissurea1667

cutting1726

departmenta1735

segment1762

compartment1793

distribution1829

segregation1859

dept.1869

section1875

tmema1891

the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > constituent part or component > of something built up

section1875

module1936

1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Section,..a detachable portion of a machine or instrument when made up of a number of parts: e.g. one of the triangular knives; a row of which is attached to the cutter-bar of a harvesting-machine.

1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Sectional Steam-boiler, one built up of portions secured together in such a way that the size may be increased by addition of sections.

1897 M. Kingsley Trav. W. Afr. 355 There is always a steamer in sections in every story of a good expedition.

m. Geology. (See quot. 1882.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > age or period > stratigraphic units > [noun]

series1799

system1823

terrain1823

stage1859

group1865

section1882

horizon1926

cyclothem1932

succession1940

range zone1957

1882 A. Geikie Text-bk. Geol. vi. 635 A number of groups or stages similarly related constitute a series, section (Abtheilung) or formation, and a number of series, sections, or formations may be united into a system.

n. U.S. Railways. (See quot. 1890.)

ΚΠ

1872 Newton Kansan 3 Oct. 3/2 The caboose and the next three cars to it of the 1st section was badly smashed up.

1890 Railways of Amer. 162 But the more usual way of handling extra trains, when circumstances will permit, is to let them precede or follow a regular train upon the same schedule. The train is then said to be run in ‘sections’, and a ten minutes' interval is allowed between them.

1948 Chicago Tribune 11 Apr. 1 Ho! the second section! And no flagman out from the train we stopped.

o. Music. A group of similar instruments forming part of a band or orchestra; also the players of such instruments. See also rhythm section n. at rhythm n. Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > instrumentalist > company of instrumentalists > [noun] > orchestra > section of orchestra

section1880

1880 G. Grove Dict. Music II. 569/2 The Instrumental Band, as now constituted, naturally divides itself into certain sections, as distinct from each other as the Manuals of an Organ.

1944 W. Apel Harvard Dict. Music 520/1 It is only in the use of a relatively strong string section that Monteverdi's orchestra is progressive.

1955 O. Keepnews & W. Grauer Pict. Hist. Jazz 103/2 Those two men added were both saxophone players; the total of three, instead of a single clarinetist, made a ‘section’. That of course is one of the key words, one of the fundamentals of big-band music.

1977 J. Wainwright Do Nothin' viii. 124 The sax section—Ric..fills it out, with the tenor.

p. A metal bar, esp. one with a cross-section that is not a simple shape (see quots.).

ΚΠ

1881 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 703 A book containing rules and measurements for the construction of various forms of sections of rolled iron, has been drawn up... It is full of formulae applicable to different sizes and forms of sections.

1902 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 62 499 Vollkommer suggests an arrangement of plant for the continuous casting and rolling of light sections from fluid metal.

1924 H. J. Skelton Econ. Iron & Steel 278 In Great Britain the product in bars or rods shaped in a rolling mill, when not round or square or flat in cross section, is called a ‘section’ or sectional material.

1956 A. K. Osborne Encycl. Iron & Steel Industry 412/2 Structural shapes. (Sections.) Hot rolled steel bars of various cross-sectional contours such as channels, angles, bulb angles, I and H beams, T and Z bars, joists and other complicated contours.

1965 M. H. T. Alford tr. A. I. Tselikov & V. V. Smirnov Rolling Mills ii. 28/2 The second type [of mill] is used for lighter sections nearer in size to the products of medium section mills.

1971 W. K. V. Gale Iron & Steel Industry: Dict. Terms 181 Section (shape) (profile), any rolled product which is not a round, square, or flat. This is British usage. In USA the term is often shape and in Europe, profile.

q. Australian and New Zealand. A fare stage on a bus or tram route.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > public passenger transport > [noun] > (right of) conveyance as a passenger > for which a price is paid > fare-stage

fare-stage1926

section1931

1931 V. Palmer Separate Lives 285 He had travelled out the two sections to Aunt Rachel's dingy little house in the suburbs.

1948 Landfall June 112 He fingered the two pennies that remained from the half-crown... He'd have to walk to the end of the first section, catch the tram there.

3. Mathematics.

†a. A segment of a circle. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [noun] > two-dimensional > figure forming part of circle

nook cantle1551

quadrate1551

quadrant1559

section1570

sector1570

segment1570

sextant1628

half-round1718

octant1753

1570 H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. i. f. 3^v A section or portion of a circle, is a figure whiche is contayned vnder a right lyne, and a parte of the circumference, greater or lesse then the semicircle.

1654 H. Phillippes Purchasers Pattern (ed. 2) 165 The half-Circle and quarter-Circle may be measured also by this rule, but other Sections are very hard and troublesome, and scarce to be found out, without knowing the content of the whole Circle or Semicircle.

c1720 N. Dubois & G. Leoni tr. A. Palladio Architecture III. x. 22 If..a perfect semicircle should not be convenient..we must then make use of a lesser section.

†b. Intersection. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > point > [noun] > of intersection or contact

toucha1398

touchpoint1585

foot1652

contact1660

section?1677

origin1723

node1866

biflecnode1879

intersect1886

meet1893

?1677 S. Primatt City & Covntry Purchaser & Builder 159 From the section of these Arches to the point given, a right Line drawn cuts the Line given perpendicularly.

1830 ‘Juan de Vega’ Jrnl. Tour (1847) xiii. 102 A curiously-built cross, situated in the section of the four principal streets.

c. The curve of intersection of two superficies.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > curve > [noun] > other

quadratrix1656

section1665

family1705

semiparabola1728

tractrix1728

witcha1760

tractory1820

sinusoid1823

tractatrix1828

indicatrix1841

hodograph1847

tetrazomal1867

space curve1875

horograph1879

hypercycle1889

Peano curve1900

multiple arc1967

unknot1971

fractal1975

analemma1978

1665 H. Oldenburg Let. 19 Dec. in R. Boyle Corr. (2001) II. 605 Burning Sphericall Concaves, or Parabolicall Sections, which, he saith, will as sensibly reflect the actuall Cold of Snow or Ice, as it will the heat of the Sun.

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I. (at cited word) The common Section of two Planes is always a right Line, being the Line supposed to be drawn on one Plane by the Section of the other, or by its Entrance into it.

a1832 A. Levy Integral Calculus in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) II. 165 If through a given point..on this surface, we conceive a normal plane, the intersection of this plane with the surface will be a certain curve, which we shall call a normal section.

1887 J. H. Smith Geometr. Conic Sect. 43 For ab is the common section of the plane of projection with a plane perpendicular to it and passing through AB.

d. The cutting of a solid by a plane; the plane figure resulting from such a cutting; the area of this. (Cf. conic adj. and n. section .) Hence, of a material object, the figure which would be produced by cutting through it in a certain plane.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [noun] > action upon

section1704

shear1885

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [noun] > two-dimensional > section

ungle1669

ungul1670

section1704

ungula1710

spiric1788

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Section in Mathematick, signifies the cutting of..a Solid by a Plane.

1715 J. T. Desaguliers tr. N. Gauger Fires Improv'd 156 The Passage in the Brick-Work.., whose Section must be 36 Inches, whether it be square or oblong.

1824 T. Tredgold Pract. Ess. Strength of Cast Iron 59 Of the strongest Form of Section for revolving Shafts.

1831 D. Brewster Treat. Optics xvii. 151 Every plane passing through the axis is called a principal section of the crystal.

1839 G. Bird Elements Nat. Philos. 115 A tube, or channel, whose section is greater at one part than another.

a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) I. 248 Thus, if the normal section of the rib be square, the section of the mouldings is made to fit that figure.

1885 J. Casey Treat. Analyt. Geom. 281 Sections of a cone made by parallel planes are similar.

1898 H. R. Mill in Jrnl. Sch. of Geog. (U.S.) II. 293 Great screes, which give to the valleys a rounded or U-shaped section.

e. The action of dividing a line into parts. golden section, also medial section, median section: the division of a line in extreme and mean ratio.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > line > [noun] > which divides or intersects

midlinea1398

secant1684

section1820

bisectrix1854

ground-line1857

secancy1857

transversal1881

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > line > [noun] > which divides or intersects > proportion resulting from

medial section1820

golden section1863

golden mean1910

1820 J. Leslie Elem. Geom. (ed. 4) 63 It will be convenient..to designate..this remarkable division of a line..by the term Medial Section.

1898 G. Chrystal Introd. Algebra xxii. 329 To find a point P in the line AB such that AP² = AB, PB (Problem of ‘Golden Section’).

a. A drawing representing an object (e.g. a building, a piece of machinery, a portion of the earth's crust) as it would appear if cut through in a plane at right angles to the line of sight.In strict use, the term denotes a delineation confined to what is in actual contact with the imaginary cutting plane. Sometimes, as in quot. 1793, it is loosely used for what might more precisely be called a sectional elevation.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > drawing plans or diagrams > [noun] > a plan or diagram > section

profile1669

section1669

cross-section1835

1669 P. Staynred Compend. Fortification 7 in S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. They are represented in the Profile, or Section.

1691 W. Petty Treat. Naval Philos. in T. Hale Acct. New Inventions 121 Three perpendicular length-way sections..and..a transverse section of the Hull.

1725 W. Halfpenny Art of Sound Building Pl. 19 The Chamber Plan, and Section.

1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §32 The Plate..shews part of the outside and part of the inside, so as to be at once, both an elevation and a section.

1845 C. Darwin Jrnl. (ed. 2) xx. 473 It is a real section (on the scale of ·517 of an inch to a mile) through Bolabola in the Pacific.

1879 Encycl. Brit. IX. 422/1 The section or profile is made on a plane perpendicular to the lines of intersection of the planes or slopes, and therefore represents the traces of these planes on the sectional plane.

b. adverbial phrase in section.

ΚΠ

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. xvii. 321 The portion of the glacier which is shown in section.

1904 R. C. Jebb Bacchylides 6 The painter's plan was to show both the sea-depths and the upper world in section.

c. Geology. A surface exposed by a cutting or by some natural agency, showing the succession of strata.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > sedimentary formation > [noun] > stratum > section or profile

section1858

profile1929

1858 H. D. Rogers Geol. Pennsylvania II. ii. 1027 Section, an actual or ideal exposure of any part of the earth's crust, showing the strata edgewise, as if they were laid open by a cut.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxiii. 162 The wall of the Mattmark See is a fine glacier section.

1877 T. H. Huxley Physiography 23 Natural sections are frequently exposed in river-beds, sea-cliffs and inland valleys.

5. A thin slice of a vegetable or animal structure, or of an inorganic body, cut off for microscopic examination.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > magnification or magnifying instruments > [noun] > microscope > object examined or medium

section1870

hanging drop1885

surface mount1899

the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > processes > [noun] > dissection > examination by microscope > section prepared for examination

thin section1858

section1870

serial section1878

1870 Stirling in Jrnl. Anat. May 234 I can slice such an embryo into from seventy to eighty sections in the long direction.

1874 Amer. Naturalist 8 252 Mr. Charles Stewart obtains sections of fresh leaves by [etc.].

1902 G. H. Fowler in Encycl. Brit. XXX. 739/1 The tissue..is cut into sections either by the Rutherford, Cathcart, or some similar section-cutter.

6. Printing. The sign §, originally used to introduce the number of a ‘section’ (sense 2b); subsequently used also as a mark of reference to notes in the margin or at the foot of a page. Also called section-mark.The primary use of the sign seems to have become rare in the 18th cent., and to have been revived in the latter part of the 19th cent. under German influence. German printers give to this mark the name of paragraph.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > printers' symbols and directions > [noun] > section mark

section1728

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Character Characters in Grammar, Rhetoric, Poetry &c...§ Section, or Division.

1770 P. Luckombe Conc. Hist. Printing 259 The Sign which implies the word Section, is a Sort..seldom employed, because in Work which is divided into Chapters, Articles, Paragraphs, Sections, or any other Parts, they are commonly put in lines by themselves, either in Large Capitals, Small Capitals, or Italic... But the Sign of Section is sometimes used in (Latin) Notes, and particularly such as are collected from foreign books.

1875 J. Southward Dict. Typogr. (ed. 2) 123 Section (§), a mark of reference. It stands fourth in order, and immediately after the double dagger. Sometimes it is used to mark the division of a chapter into parts or sections, whence its name.

1894 Amer. Dict. Printing Section-mark.

Compounds

C1. Objective.

a. (In sense 5.)

section-cutter n.

ΚΠ

1870 Stirling in Jrnl. Anat. May 230 The section cutter which I am about to describe.

1874 Amer. Naturalist 8 59 A new section cutter which is principally adapted for preparing sections of soft vegetable tissues and organs.

section-cutting n.

ΚΠ

1878 S. Marsh (title) Section-cutting.

section-smoother n.

ΚΠ

1887 Amer. Naturalist 21 597 Dr. P. F. Mall recommends a section-smoother constructed on the following principle.

b. (In sense 2e (b).)

section corner n.

ΚΠ

1817 Niles' Weekly Reg. 12 97/2 At the distance of every mile..section corners are established.

1845 C. M. Kirkland Western Clearings 6 Such ransacking of the woods [as there was] for section corners, ranges and base lines!

1947 Michigan Hist. Sept. 319 He traced it up to the section corner and discovered that the cruiser had signed his name on the tree.

c. (In sense 2g.)

section-commander n.

ΚΠ

1889 Infantry Drill 306 During an extension section commanders will see that the men take their proper intervals.

1914 Infantry Training i. i. § 2. 4 The section commander must know his men thoroughly.

section-leader n.

ΚΠ

1903 Daily Chron. 28 Dec. 3/2 Controlled individual firing, under the direction of group and section leaders, is the only effective method.

d. (In sense 2k.)

section boss n.

ΚΠ

1870 Daily Territorial Enterprise (Virginia City, Nevada) 22 Oct. 3/1 The clothes of the section boss caught upon the brake..as he was in the act of jumping off.

1884 A. E. Sweet & J. A. Knox On Mexican Mustang through Texas x. 121 Mr. O'Lafferty was section-boss of No.—, on the G. H. and S. A. Railroad.

1947 K. D. Lumpkin Making of Southerner 163 The deacon was section boss on the railroad.

section crew n.

ΚΠ

1884 B. Nye Baled Hay 225 A section-crew..riding down that mountain on a push-car.

1962 W. Stegner Wolf Willow i. ii. 33 Anonymously denounced in the Leader for nearly derailing the speeder of a section crew.

1976 Columbus (Montana) News 1 July 8/4 My sister and her friend thought I should go on the hand-car with the section crew.

section-gang n.

ΚΠ

1890²Section-gang [see sense 2k].

section hand n.

ΚΠ

1873 Newton Kansan 27 Feb. 3/2 A drunked section hand..laid down upon the railroad track to take a nap.

1887 C. B. George 40 Years on Rail ix. 167 The men, from section hands to conductor, would have gone to the ends of the earth to do him a good turn.

1903 Congress. Directory 116 As a common laborer or ‘section hand’ on the railroad.

1904 F. Lynde Grafters xxiii. 284 When the section hands pelt stray dogs with new spikes from the stock keg.

1969 Islander (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 2 Nov. 5/2 There are no sectionhands in the pass these days, nature finally triumphed in the thirties, closing the line.

section-man n.

ΚΠ

1869 W. H. Jackson Jrnl. 1 Aug. in Time Exposure (1940) xi. 182 Got the section men to take us aboard their handcar.

1890³ [see sense 2k].

1921 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 23 Oct. 27/5 A section man..was killed last night while jumping from a moving train.

1936 D. McCowan Animals Canad. Rockies viii. 73 In spring..the section men burn the grass along the right-of-way of the railroad.

1955 L. Feather Encycl. Jazz vii. 194 Reluctant soloist but excellent sectionman.

section master n.

ΚΠ

1872 W. S. Huntington Road-master's Assistant p. iii The enormous expense of track repairs..may be greatly reduced by a reform in the every-day practice of the track-layer and section-master.

1890¹Section-master [see sense 2k].

section work n.

ΚΠ

1891 C. Roberts Adrift in Amer. 71 Section work is track repairing.

1958 C. Fox in P. Gammond Decca Bk. Jazz vii. 91 Its attack and vitality..made up for any roughness in the section-work.

1977 J. Wainwright Do Nothin' v. 66 Miller's secret? Size, tight section work and damn good arrangers.

e. (In sense 2o.)

section man n.

section work n.

C2. Special combinations:

section-beam n. (see quot. 1875).

ΚΠ

1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Section-beam (Warping, etc.), a roller which receives the yarn from the spools, either for the dressing-machine or for the loom.

section-eight v. (usually in passive) to discharge from the Army on such grounds.

ΚΠ

1945 Yank 7 Dec. 8/1 Nobody knew whether he was getting section-eighted out of the Army.

1950 E. Hemingway Across River & into Trees xxxiii. 207 You stay in until you are hit badly or killed or go crazy and get section-eighted.

Section Eight n. (also Section 8) U.S. Military slang discharge from the Army under section eight of Army Regulations 615–360 on the grounds of insanity or inability to adjust to Army life.

ΚΠ

1943 Yank 23 July 15/2 If it weren't for Yank and its puzzles I'm sure there would be plenty of Section 8s in places like this.

section head n. (a) the person in charge of a section of an organization; (b) the heading of a section of a newspaper or periodical.

ΚΠ

1971 J. Aiken Nightly Deadshade iii. 31 The place..becomes a reservoir of feebles, bullied by the section heads.

1973 W. H. Hallahan Ross Forgery ii. 14 Redhaired man with a Sandhurst accent..a former section head of British Military Intelligence.

1977 Time 15 Aug. 5/2 The new format includes different section heads, a new type face for headlines, hairline rules to set off columns.

section house n. (a) (see quot. 1856); (b) U.S. a house occupied by the men responsible for the maintenance of a section of a railway.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > police quarters

section house1856

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > accommodation or lodging > [noun] > quarters > of policemen

section house1856

1856 A. Wynter Curiosities of Civilisation 465 The section-house, an establishment generally attached to the chief station of each division, in which the unmarried policemen are lodged.

1869 W. H. Jackson Jrnl. 24 Aug. in Time Exposure (1940) xi. 183 Decided to board at the section house rather than cook ourselves.

1878 J. H. Beadle Western Wilds iii. 51 A section-house by the roadside..marks the site where sales to the amount of millions were made in two months.

1890 Pall Mall Gaz. 7 July 5/1 This daring disobedience was loudly cheered by the men who crowded the section-house windows as spectators.

1903 N.Y. Evening Post 29 Aug. 1/2 Crowbars and tools..were identified as having been taken from the railroad section house.

1976 Columbus (Montana) News 1 July 8/4 I accompanied my sister and her beau to a dance at a section house near the railroad.

section-line n. (a) the boundary of a section (now only U.S.); (b) a line drawn to indicate the manner of making a section.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > [noun] > land-boundary

thresholdeOE

randeOE

markeOE

mereOE

limiting1391

march1402

confrontc1430

bourne1523

limity1523

mereing1565

mark-mere1582

ring1598

land-mere1603

limit1655

field boundary1812

landimere1825

section-line1827

wad1869

society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > drawing lines > [noun] > other lines

linea1382

rulec1475

stroke1567

trig1648

ductor1658

style1690

pencil line1758

guideline1785

section-line1827

subhorizon1829

broken line1937

wiggle1942

1827 P. Cunningham Two Years New S. Wales (ed. 2) II. vii. 148 The section-lines being made to run either east and west, or north and south, according as the general course of the river best suits.

1872 Newton Kansan 12 Sept. 2/4 The farmers..are leaving space for a road along the section lines.

1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) I. 100/2 To trace the section-line on this development—that is, to draw the line in which the material is to be cut so as to form both the parts of the cylinder—erect perpendiculars [etc.].

1948 H. A. Jacobs We chose Country 24 We bowled along, climbing past snatches of woods and the straight section-line roads to a high plateau.

section-liner n. (see quot. 1875).

ΚΠ

1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Section-liner, a device for ruling parallel lines.

section-mark n. (see sense 6).

section-plane n. a surface exposed by section.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > [noun] > flat or level surface or side > exposed by section

section-plane1889

1889 A. H. Buck Ref. Handbk. Med. Sci. VIII. 109 The section-plane, as made by the saw, passed just sinistrad of the meson.

section-point n. a mark used to indicate the end of a section of a verse.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > written character > punctuation > [noun] > section marks

pilcrow1440

paraphc1460

paragraph1538

paragraph mark1841

versicle1888

section-point1893

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > versification > rhythm > [noun] > caesura > point marking caesura in Old or Middle English

section-point1893

1893 F. Thompson Poems 55 note I have..used an asterisk to indicate the caesura in the middle of the line, after the manner of the old Saxon section-point.

section sergeant n. a police sergeant in charge of a section.

ΚΠ

1956 Police Jrnl. 29 i. 52 Sergeants are ‘right in the picture’. Supervising each man on his patrol is still an important part of his duties but he is now the head of a team whose job is to police the section.]

1964 M. Banton Policeman in Community ii. 15 The division is divided into four sections, each of which is in the charge of a sergeant... Their section sergeants use the station as their headquarters and go out from there to supervise their constables.

1973 J. Wainwright Pride of Pigs 12 Sergeant Crawley took some backhanders... And you in favour of section sergeants taking nawpings?

Draft additions 1993

A Caesarean section; = Caesarean adj. 2. colloquial.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > operations on specific parts or conditions > [noun] > operations on sex organs > operations on female sex organs > obstetrical operations

Caesarean birth1661

hysterotomy1707

embryotomy1765

embryoctony1788

omphalotomy1828

cephalotomy1836

synchondrotomy1842

symphysiotomy1846

pelviotomy1847

version1853

gastro-hysterotomy1854

craniotomy1855

cranioclasm1860

pubiotomy1865

cephalotripsy1876

episiotomy1878

cleidotomy1901

Caesarean1923

Caesar1952

C-section1960

section1960

vacuum extraction1961

1960 G. W. Target Teachers 211 Well, you see, I was small—though I've broadened out since then—and they said my babies would always be too big, I'd always have to have a section.

1978 S. Kitzinger Experience of Childbirth (ed. 4) 315 During labour the obstetrician may decide that a section is necessary if there is evidence of foetal distress.

1986 Daily Tel. 5 Feb. 19/1 Delays in ordering sections..contributed, it is alleged, to the death of two children.

Draft additions June 2014

section mill n. Metallurgy a rolling mill for producing bars of particular cross-sections, such as channels, T-bars, and I-bars.

ΚΠ

1894 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 44 122 They could not rush through a finishing plate mill at such a high speed as they could if it were a section mill.

1925 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 111 57 Reheating the cogged bloom has become standard practice at most rail and section mills.

2006 Struct. Steel Beams from Japan & Korea (U.S. Internat. Trade Comm. Publ. 3840) iv. 11 The section mill consists of two types of rolling mills, a roughing mill and a 4-high reverse rolling mill.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	section
释义	sectionn. Brit. /ˈsɛkʃn/, U.S. /ˈsɛkʃən/ Forms: Also 1500s sectione, sectioun. Etymology: < French section, or directly < Latin sectiōn-em, < sect-, participial stem of secāre to cut. Compare Spanish seccion, Portuguese secção, Italian sezione. 1. a. The action, or an act, of cutting or dividing. Now rare except with reference to surgery or anatomical operations. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > incision > [noun] scissure?a1425 incision1474 section1559 incising1567 discission1684 keyhole1973 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > division by cutting > [noun] section1559 dissection1611 secturea1643 chopping1725 severization1849 sectioning1887 1559 tr. T. Geminus Compendios a Totius Anat. (new ed.) 4/1 Neyther in man only, is seene the perfecte arte of nature, but in the Anatomie or Section of any other beast, shall you fynde the like wysdome and industrie of the worke master. 1577 M. Hanmer tr. Socrates Scholasticus i. v, in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. 226 That clause: The sonne to be of one substance with the father, was..allowed..neither to be by diuision of substance neither by section or parting asunder. 1600 P. Holland tr. Florus Breviaries lv, in tr. Livy Rom. Hist. 1241 The young prince pined away with the paine of the stone in the bladder, and whiles they would seeme to cut him for it they killed him out of hand in the very section. 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 344 Concerning this Cæsarian section. 1631 G. Chapman Warres Pompey & Caesar Ded. The..section of acts and scenes. [Cf. ante, the division of acts and scenes.] 1656 tr. T. Hobbes Elements Philos. ii. xii. 103 Lines and Superficies may be Exposed by Section; namely a Line may be made by Cutting an Exposed Superficies. 1657 J. Watts Scribe, Pharisee i. 21 He will by a hasty and imprudent Saw, or Razor cut of a part, and make a section, and endanger life. 1661 E. Hickeringill Jamaica 40 Neither heat nor cold can baracade the..womb of the earth from the Cæsarean Section..of the greedy Miners. a1682 Sir T. Browne Certain Misc. Tracts (1683) 58 Their course of mowing seems somewhat different from ours. For they cut not down clear at once, but used an after section, which they called Sicilitium. 1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 657/1 Animals have been bled to death by the section of the larger bloodvessels. 1870 M. Foster in Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 10 125 The cake with the imbedded object..in a few minutes is ready for section. 1870 M. Foster in Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 10 125 The sections may then be made either with a microtome or with a hand razor. 1883 Brunton in Nature 15 Mar. 467 Setchenow explains the increased rapidity of reflex action after section of the cord below the medulla oblongata. †b. Division into parties. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > [noun] > division or lack of unity unoning1340 schism1390 division1393 departmentc1450 rupture1583 secting1598 disunion1601 twine1606 section1639 distermination1647 scission1736 cleavage1867 non-union1909 1639 T. Heywood Londini Status Pacatus sig. C2 The Tranquility and calm quiet of Kingdomes, free from Section, tumult, uproares and faction. †c. = caesura n. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > versification > rhythm > [noun] > caesura caesura?1567 section1584 pause1589 1584 King James VI & I Ess. Prentise Poesie sig. Lij^v Remember also to mak a Sectioun in the middes of euery lyne, quhether the lyne be lang or short. 1695 M. Wheeler Royal Gram. Reformed 17 This Section of a word just before the last Syllable is call'd Cæsura. †d. The point of cutting or division. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > [noun] > point or line of division section?a1560 separation1615 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > division by cutting > [noun] > point of section?a1560 ?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. xxviii. sig. Hiv^v Multiply the portions that are betweene any two sections or places in the distance of your two stations. ?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. xxxv. sig. L ij Cut this last drawen line, and at y^e section make a marke. 1599 E. Wright Certaine Errors Navigation sig. D1 We may make a table which shall shew the sections and points of latitude in the meridians of the nautical planisphere: by which sections, the parallels are to be drawne. 2. A part separated or divided off from the remainder; one of the portions into which a thing is cut or divided. a. gen. ΚΠ 1799 W. Nicholson tr. G. B. Venburi Exper. Enquiries Conc. Motion of Fluids 44 It is necessary that the water should begin to fall at BC..with the least possible velocity; and that the height of the water FB should be no more than is necessary to fill the section BC. 1874 J. Parker Paraclete i. vii. 106 The theologian is entitled to claim astronomy, geology, botany, agriculture, and chemistry, as sections of theology. 1884 tr. H. Lotze Logic 178 We have to content ourselves with breaking up the whole series of values into sections and acting as if the conditions were the same throughout each section. b. A subdivision of a written or printed work, a statute, or the like. Often represented by the symbol § (preceding a numeral figure); also abbreviated sect. (rarely sec.).Although in some few books section has been adopted as the designation of a division superior to the ‘chapter’ (cf. German abschnitt), the common practice from the 17th cent. onward has been to apply the word to the lowest order of numbered divisions. In most recent books the ‘section’ (or, at least, the division denoted by the symbol §) either consists of a single paragraph, or, if it extends to several paragraphs, commonly has no head-line separated from the text. In modern Acts of Parliament the ‘section’ (for which the abbreviations sect. and § are both in official use) is a subdivision of the ‘chapter’ (i.e. Act) containing a specific provision or enactment. In some works (e.g. Bell's Comment. Laws of Scotland), the ‘Section’ (abbreviated ‘Sect.’ in the table of contents) is the division next below the ‘Chapter’, and is itself subdivided into numbered portions marked with the symbol §. ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > matter of book > [noun] > chapter or section capitleeOE chapter?c1225 pacea1325 chapitle1340 passa1400 capitalc1460 titlec1460 spacea1500 section1576 head1610 tract1662 passus1765 screed1829 subtitle1891 the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of ideation > topic, subject-matter > materials of topic > [noun] > of discourse > division of contenu1477 content1509 head-place1559 section1576 topica1661 subhead1672 heading1861 1576 A. Fleming tr. J. Caius Of Eng. Dogges 14 Such Dogges as serue for fowling, I thinke conuenient and requisite to place in this seconde Section of this treatise. 1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. i. i. §1. 8 b Whereof more hereafter in this Section. 1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 9 (heading) §2. Of the Office of a Master-Printer. 1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 10 (running title) Sect. II. 1714 S. Cunn New Treat. Fractions 43 The Directions laid down in Sect. 3 of Chap. II. 1738 W. Warburton Divine Legation Moses I. i. 1 Book I. Sect. I. 1769 Beattie in Dyce Mem. (Aldine ed.) p. xxvi It will be regularly distributed into chapters and sections. 1806 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 15 192 Mr. R. has divided his answer into several parts or sections. 1821 J. Bentham Elements Art of Packing 187 In the printed editions (it is true) we see each statute divided into sections, and each section numbered. But this is the work of the printer only or his editor. 1857 Act 20 & 21 Victoria c. 25 §2 Ordinances framed by the Commissioners under Sections Twenty-eight and Twenty-nine of the same Act. 1870 Act 30 & 34 Vict. c. 75 §34 Provided that this section [of the Act] shall not apply to [etc.]. 1874 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (1896) III. xviii. 250 The preceding sections of this chapter. c. Natural History. Used variously by different writers for a subdivision of a classificatory group, e.g. of a class, order, family, or genus. In Botany now chiefly = subgenus n.; but some writers (as Bentley) use it for a division of a sub-genus. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > taxonomy > taxon > [noun] > section or sub-section section1720 subsection1813 subgroup1826 subdivision2000 1720 P. Blair Bot. Ess. iii. 148 According to Tournefort's Method, Malva becomes the Section of a Class. Althæa, Alcæa, &c. are several Genera of this Section. 1819 W. S. MacLeay Horæ Entomologicæ i. 55 Latreille has..proposed to make but one genus of them, ascribing to the modern genera the name of sections. 1877 A. W. Bennett tr. O. W. Thomé Text-bk. Struct. & Physiol. Bot. vi. 238 It is usual to arrange the orders which make up a class into Series, the genera which make up a family into Tribes, and the species which make up a genus into Sections. 1885 Athenæum 3 Jan. 20/3 The author..remarked that amongst the æluroids the section of Viverrina formed a very distinct group. 1899 R. L. Heinig Gloss. Bot. Terms Section, a part separated by division; a group of correlated species arranged under genera or sub~genera. d. A separable portion of any collection or aggregate of persons, e.g. of the population of a country; a group, distinguished by a special variety of opinion, forming part of a political or religious party; one of several groups into which the membership of a learned society is divided according to the various branches of study in which the members are severally interested. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > [noun] > a division of human society worldc1384 tribe1693 section1832 1832 C. Babbage Econ. Machinery & Manuf. xix. 156 This section consisted of seven or eight persons of considerable acquaintance with mathematics. 1852 F. W. Robertson Serm. 3rd Ser. xvi. 205 The question..whether of the two sections held the abstract right. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People vi. §1. 267 The Church had at this time..sunk into a mere section of the landed aristocracy. 1884 Manch. Examiner 14 May 5/5 To one section of the House Mr. Power's speech gave great delight. e. (a) French History. One of the electoral districts into which France was divided under the Directory. (b) U.S. An area of one square mile into which the undeveloped lands are divided. (c) Chiefly U.S. A district or portion of a town or country exhibiting uniform characteristics or considered as divided from the rest on account of such characteristics. (d) Australian and New Zealand. An area of undeveloped land, variable in size. (e) Australian and New Zealand. A plot of land suitable for building on. (f) In various African countries, an administrative district (see quot. 1951). ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > part of country or district > [noun] endc893 shirec893 estrec1275 sidec1325 bounds1340 provincea1382 partc1400 landmark1550 tract1553 canton1601 neighbourhood1652 district1712 section1785 circumscription1831 location1833 block1840 strip1873 society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in France canton1611 generalty1611 generality1615 arrondissement1746 section1785 commune1790 department1793 inspection1888 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town or city > part of town or city > [noun] quarter1526 ferling1610 quartier1828 urban village1867 quartiere1888 section1907 poblacion1926 neighbourhood1929 precinct1942 village1949 (a) 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. i. iv. 35 The Sixty Districts shall become Forty-eight Sections. (b)1785 Jrnls. Continental Congr. (Libr. of Congr.) (1933) XXVIII. 299 The plats of the townships..shall be marked by sub~divisions into sections of 1 mile square.1805 in Ann. Congr. U.S. 9th Congr., 2nd Sess. 1032 If the said lands shall be surveyed in townships of six miles square each, and the same divided into sections of one mile square each.1809 F. Cuming Sketches Tour Western Country (1810) 197 This Crouse is a wealthy man, having..a farm of two sections, containing thirteen hundred acres.1831 J. M. Peck Guide for Emigrants 257 A district of country is first divided into..square miles, or..sections, as they are called in the surveys.1849 E. Chamberlain Indiana Gazetteer (ed. 3) 420 North of Eel river are about 40 sections of barrens intermixed with small prairies.1871 Scribner's Monthly 2 664 A thicket of pines on a hillside, a ‘section’ that had been left when the adjoining fields were cleared.1890 Stock Grower & Farmer 8 Mar. 5/3 The intervening sections of the Atlantic and Pacific railroad land grant [in Arizona] are owned by the cattle men and are not fenced.1903 Indian Affairs: Laws & Treaties III. 8 Section sixteen shall become a part of the reservation heretofore set apart for the use..of the Torros band.1924 H. Croy R.F.D. No. 3 3 He had only one hundred and twenty acres of land, while most of the farmers had a quarter, or a half section, even a section.1975 New Yorker 27 Oct. 114/2 We have six hundred and forty acres—what you call a section—and they wish to flood it to make recreation.(c)1816 J. Pickering Vocab. U.S. 170 Section. Since the French Revolution this word has been much used here instead of part, quarter, &c. Ex. ‘In this section of the United States.’ It is not thus used in England.1832 in N. Webster Dict. Eng. Lang. 1865 E. Burritt Walk to Land's End 171 In estimating the production of a dairy, the farmers of this section do not make much account of the breed, size or color of the cows.1879 A. W. Tourgée Fool's Errand iv. 20 The war is over... For a few months there may be disorders in some sections; but they will be very rare.1907 Standard 19 Jan. 7/2 The northern section of Kingston is deserted.(d)1836 S. Austral. Gaz. & Colonial Reg. 18 June 4/2 Surveyed land shall be divided, as nearly as may be, into sections of eighty acres each, with the exception of the site of the first town, which shall be divided into acre sections.1841 W. Deans Let. 25 Mar. in J. Deans Pioneers of Canterbury (1937) i. 31 Some part of the rural sections may not just be what could have been wished.1923 in J. Reid Kiwi Laughs (1961) His idea was that he and I should get the firewood rights on a thousand-acre section, up under the mountain reserve.1950 N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. Jan. 26/2 Ten 10-acre sections have been allocated to returned servicemen.(e)1836 [see ]. 1851 Lyttelton (N.Z.) Times 11 Jan. 5 The immediate choosing of the town acre sections has been a most important and useful measure.1886 F. Hume Myst. Hansom Cab (1887) v. 19 She..purchased a small section at St. Kilda, and built a house on it.1935 ‘J. Guthrie’ Little Country ii. 43 They would much rather have had an eighth-acre section.1961 B. Crump Hang on a Minute Mate 97 Tony..was paying off a section in Tokoroa and talking about putting in for one of them Government loans to build a house with.1977 N.Z. Herald 8 Jan. iv. 6/2 (advt.) Waiheke Island, sections and batches urgently wanted.(f)1951 K. L. Little Mende of Sierra Leone v. 104 The overall picture..is one of small towns around each of which is spread a number of component villages. This combination of town and villages constitutes a social and political entity which, in the older sense, corresponds to what is officially termed, nowadays, the ‘section’ of a chiefdom.1957 M. Banton West Afr. City viii. 151 He is assisted by seven section chiefs and certain tribal officials.1977 Times of Zambia 7 Sept. 7/7 He has received the reports from all governors in the province on the recent village and section elections. f. Bookbinding. (See quot. 1859.) ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > leaves or pages of book > [noun] > quire or gathering quire1393 stitching1679 gathering1683 qr.1741 section1859 1859 Stationers' Hand-bk. 81 Section, any number of sheets of paper folded together are termed a Section. 1880 J. W. Zaehnsdorf Art of Bookbinding 5 The book should be divided into lots or sections of about half-an-inch thick, that will be about 15 to 20 sheets, according to the thickness of paper. g. Military. Originally: a fourth part of a company or the fourth part of a platoon. Now used of various small tactical units. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > unit of army > [noun] > regiment > infantry regiment > division of foot company1586 company1590 field battalion1714 section1863 society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > unit of army > [noun] > squad, platoon, section, etc. glub1382 scalec1400 platoon?a1547 maniple1574 squadron1579 squader1590 squadrant1614 file1616 squada1657 peloton1702 section1913 1863 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea (1877) III. i. 138 The Coldstream broke into open column of sections. 1889 Infantry Drill 61 The company..will then be told off into two half-companies and four sections. 1913 Army Order 323 1 Oct. 4 The non-commissioned officers and men of the machine-gun section..will be distributed for discipline and administration in peace amongst the four companies. 1914 Infantry Training i. iii. § 75. 64 Section drill. The section will be exercised in all the movements of squad drill. 1915 D. O. Barnett Let. 24 Mar. in In Happy Memory 100 At first I thought the whole section was done in, as rifles and equipment flew in the air. 1919 G. K. Rose 2/4th Oxf. & Bucks. Light Infantry 119 When all the sections—the Lewis-gunners, bombers, rifle-grenadiers, and riflemen—were finally complete. 1939 J. T. Gorman Army of To-day iii. 69 All the men in a section or platoon are taught to use the light (Bren) machine-gun individually. 1943 Britain's Mod. Army ix. 192/2 Columns of threes are now used, each column in a platoon representing a section with the commander at its head. Thus a section can ‘peel off’ quickly to a threatened flank, without leaving a gap in the column as used to occur when a section left the old column of fours. 1968 R. M. Barnes Brit. Army of 1914 i. 35 The infantry advanced in small parties—probably sections in fours, spaced out at fairly wide intervals, or in a ‘diamond formation’ of sections or platoons. h. Prosody. Used by Guest for: A member of a verse, esp. a hemistich of an Old English or Middle English alliterative line. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > part of poem > [noun] > line > subdivision of line > half-line hemistich?1578 section1838 half1892 1838 E. Guest Hist. Eng. Rhythms I. i. vii. 149. i. Music. (See quot. 1866.) ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > section of piece of music > [noun] > phrase > group of phrases numbers1595 period1866 section1866 sentence1891 1866 C. Engel Introd. Study National Music ii. 83 A section consists generally of two phrases; and a simple period consists of two sections. j. U.S. A portion of a sleeping-car containing two berths. ΚΠ 1874 M. E. Herbert tr. J. A. von Hübner Ramble round World (1878) i. iv. 38 Each window [in the U.S. railroad cars] allows for two beds, one at the top of the other, unless the traveller has taken a ‘section’, i.e., the whole space of one window. 1892 A. C. Gunter Miss Dividends (1893) 245 Making up his bed in the state~room which is unoccupied, and more roomy than a section. k. U.S. Railways. ‘The smallest administrative subdivision of a railroad. It is usually a mile or two in length and is designated by a number.’ ( Cent. Dict. Suppl.; see also quot. 1890¹.) ΚΠ 1890 E. P. Alexander in Railways of Amer. 156 Each of the supervisors of road has his assigned territory divided into ‘sections’, from five to eight miles in length. At a suitable place on each section are erected houses for a resident section-master and from six to twelve hands. 1890 E. P. Alexander in Railways of Amer. 156 At least twice a day track-walkers from the section-gangs pass over the entire line of road. 1890 E. P. Alexander in Railways of Amer. 156 The work of the section~men is all done under regular system. l. One of the component parts of something which is built up of a number of similar portions so as to admit of enlargement when necessary, or which is constructed to be taken to pieces for facility of transport. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > one of the parts into which anything is divided dealinga1300 divisionc1374 partc1392 spacec1392 long divisionc1400 severingc1400 skyvaldc1400 foddinga1425 panelc1450 partition1561 roomstead1600 canton1601 separation1604 share1643 scissurea1667 cutting1726 departmenta1735 segment1762 compartment1793 distribution1829 segregation1859 dept.1869 section1875 tmema1891 the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > constituent part or component > of something built up section1875 module1936 1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Section,..a detachable portion of a machine or instrument when made up of a number of parts: e.g. one of the triangular knives; a row of which is attached to the cutter-bar of a harvesting-machine. 1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Sectional Steam-boiler, one built up of portions secured together in such a way that the size may be increased by addition of sections. 1897 M. Kingsley Trav. W. Afr. 355 There is always a steamer in sections in every story of a good expedition. m. Geology. (See quot. 1882.) ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > age or period > stratigraphic units > [noun] series1799 system1823 terrain1823 stage1859 group1865 section1882 horizon1926 cyclothem1932 succession1940 range zone1957 1882 A. Geikie Text-bk. Geol. vi. 635 A number of groups or stages similarly related constitute a series, section (Abtheilung) or formation, and a number of series, sections, or formations may be united into a system. n. U.S. Railways. (See quot. 1890.) ΚΠ 1872 Newton Kansan 3 Oct. 3/2 The caboose and the next three cars to it of the 1st section was badly smashed up. 1890 Railways of Amer. 162 But the more usual way of handling extra trains, when circumstances will permit, is to let them precede or follow a regular train upon the same schedule. The train is then said to be run in ‘sections’, and a ten minutes' interval is allowed between them. 1948 Chicago Tribune 11 Apr. 1 Ho! the second section! And no flagman out from the train we stopped. o. Music. A group of similar instruments forming part of a band or orchestra; also the players of such instruments. See also rhythm section n. at rhythm n. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > instrumentalist > company of instrumentalists > [noun] > orchestra > section of orchestra section1880 1880 G. Grove Dict. Music II. 569/2 The Instrumental Band, as now constituted, naturally divides itself into certain sections, as distinct from each other as the Manuals of an Organ. 1944 W. Apel Harvard Dict. Music 520/1 It is only in the use of a relatively strong string section that Monteverdi's orchestra is progressive. 1955 O. Keepnews & W. Grauer Pict. Hist. Jazz 103/2 Those two men added were both saxophone players; the total of three, instead of a single clarinetist, made a ‘section’. That of course is one of the key words, one of the fundamentals of big-band music. 1977 J. Wainwright Do Nothin' viii. 124 The sax section—Ric..fills it out, with the tenor. p. A metal bar, esp. one with a cross-section that is not a simple shape (see quots.). ΚΠ 1881 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 703 A book containing rules and measurements for the construction of various forms of sections of rolled iron, has been drawn up... It is full of formulae applicable to different sizes and forms of sections. 1902 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 62 499 Vollkommer suggests an arrangement of plant for the continuous casting and rolling of light sections from fluid metal. 1924 H. J. Skelton Econ. Iron & Steel 278 In Great Britain the product in bars or rods shaped in a rolling mill, when not round or square or flat in cross section, is called a ‘section’ or sectional material. 1956 A. K. Osborne Encycl. Iron & Steel Industry 412/2 Structural shapes. (Sections.) Hot rolled steel bars of various cross-sectional contours such as channels, angles, bulb angles, I and H beams, T and Z bars, joists and other complicated contours. 1965 M. H. T. Alford tr. A. I. Tselikov & V. V. Smirnov Rolling Mills ii. 28/2 The second type [of mill] is used for lighter sections nearer in size to the products of medium section mills. 1971 W. K. V. Gale Iron & Steel Industry: Dict. Terms 181 Section (shape) (profile), any rolled product which is not a round, square, or flat. This is British usage. In USA the term is often shape and in Europe, profile. q. Australian and New Zealand. A fare stage on a bus or tram route. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > public passenger transport > [noun] > (right of) conveyance as a passenger > for which a price is paid > fare-stage fare-stage1926 section1931 1931 V. Palmer Separate Lives 285 He had travelled out the two sections to Aunt Rachel's dingy little house in the suburbs. 1948 Landfall June 112 He fingered the two pennies that remained from the half-crown... He'd have to walk to the end of the first section, catch the tram there. 3. Mathematics. †a. A segment of a circle. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [noun] > two-dimensional > figure forming part of circle nook cantle1551 quadrate1551 quadrant1559 section1570 sector1570 segment1570 sextant1628 half-round1718 octant1753 1570 H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. i. f. 3^v A section or portion of a circle, is a figure whiche is contayned vnder a right lyne, and a parte of the circumference, greater or lesse then the semicircle. 1654 H. Phillippes Purchasers Pattern (ed. 2) 165 The half-Circle and quarter-Circle may be measured also by this rule, but other Sections are very hard and troublesome, and scarce to be found out, without knowing the content of the whole Circle or Semicircle. c1720 N. Dubois & G. Leoni tr. A. Palladio Architecture III. x. 22 If..a perfect semicircle should not be convenient..we must then make use of a lesser section. †b. Intersection. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > point > [noun] > of intersection or contact toucha1398 touchpoint1585 foot1652 contact1660 section?1677 origin1723 node1866 biflecnode1879 intersect1886 meet1893 ?1677 S. Primatt City & Covntry Purchaser & Builder 159 From the section of these Arches to the point given, a right Line drawn cuts the Line given perpendicularly. 1830 ‘Juan de Vega’ Jrnl. Tour (1847) xiii. 102 A curiously-built cross, situated in the section of the four principal streets. c. The curve of intersection of two superficies. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > curve > [noun] > other quadratrix1656 section1665 family1705 semiparabola1728 tractrix1728 witcha1760 tractory1820 sinusoid1823 tractatrix1828 indicatrix1841 hodograph1847 tetrazomal1867 space curve1875 horograph1879 hypercycle1889 Peano curve1900 multiple arc1967 unknot1971 fractal1975 analemma1978 1665 H. Oldenburg Let. 19 Dec. in R. Boyle Corr. (2001) II. 605 Burning Sphericall Concaves, or Parabolicall Sections, which, he saith, will as sensibly reflect the actuall Cold of Snow or Ice, as it will the heat of the Sun. 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I. (at cited word) The common Section of two Planes is always a right Line, being the Line supposed to be drawn on one Plane by the Section of the other, or by its Entrance into it. a1832 A. Levy Integral Calculus in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) II. 165 If through a given point..on this surface, we conceive a normal plane, the intersection of this plane with the surface will be a certain curve, which we shall call a normal section. 1887 J. H. Smith Geometr. Conic Sect. 43 For ab is the common section of the plane of projection with a plane perpendicular to it and passing through AB. d. The cutting of a solid by a plane; the plane figure resulting from such a cutting; the area of this. (Cf. conic adj. and n. section .) Hence, of a material object, the figure which would be produced by cutting through it in a certain plane. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [noun] > action upon section1704 shear1885 the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [noun] > two-dimensional > section ungle1669 ungul1670 section1704 ungula1710 spiric1788 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Section in Mathematick, signifies the cutting of..a Solid by a Plane. 1715 J. T. Desaguliers tr. N. Gauger Fires Improv'd 156 The Passage in the Brick-Work.., whose Section must be 36 Inches, whether it be square or oblong. 1824 T. Tredgold Pract. Ess. Strength of Cast Iron 59 Of the strongest Form of Section for revolving Shafts. 1831 D. Brewster Treat. Optics xvii. 151 Every plane passing through the axis is called a principal section of the crystal. 1839 G. Bird Elements Nat. Philos. 115 A tube, or channel, whose section is greater at one part than another. a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) I. 248 Thus, if the normal section of the rib be square, the section of the mouldings is made to fit that figure. 1885 J. Casey Treat. Analyt. Geom. 281 Sections of a cone made by parallel planes are similar. 1898 H. R. Mill in Jrnl. Sch. of Geog. (U.S.) II. 293 Great screes, which give to the valleys a rounded or U-shaped section. e. The action of dividing a line into parts. golden section, also medial section, median section: the division of a line in extreme and mean ratio. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > line > [noun] > which divides or intersects midlinea1398 secant1684 section1820 bisectrix1854 ground-line1857 secancy1857 transversal1881 the world > relative properties > number > geometry > line > [noun] > which divides or intersects > proportion resulting from medial section1820 golden section1863 golden mean1910 1820 J. Leslie Elem. Geom. (ed. 4) 63 It will be convenient..to designate..this remarkable division of a line..by the term Medial Section. 1898 G. Chrystal Introd. Algebra xxii. 329 To find a point P in the line AB such that AP² = AB, PB (Problem of ‘Golden Section’). 4. a. A drawing representing an object (e.g. a building, a piece of machinery, a portion of the earth's crust) as it would appear if cut through in a plane at right angles to the line of sight.In strict use, the term denotes a delineation confined to what is in actual contact with the imaginary cutting plane. Sometimes, as in quot. 1793, it is loosely used for what might more precisely be called a sectional elevation. ΘΚΠ society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > drawing plans or diagrams > [noun] > a plan or diagram > section profile1669 section1669 cross-section1835 1669 P. Staynred Compend. Fortification 7 in S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. They are represented in the Profile, or Section. 1691 W. Petty Treat. Naval Philos. in T. Hale Acct. New Inventions 121 Three perpendicular length-way sections..and..a transverse section of the Hull. 1725 W. Halfpenny Art of Sound Building Pl. 19 The Chamber Plan, and Section. 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §32 The Plate..shews part of the outside and part of the inside, so as to be at once, both an elevation and a section. 1845 C. Darwin Jrnl. (ed. 2) xx. 473 It is a real section (on the scale of ·517 of an inch to a mile) through Bolabola in the Pacific. 1879 Encycl. Brit. IX. 422/1 The section or profile is made on a plane perpendicular to the lines of intersection of the planes or slopes, and therefore represents the traces of these planes on the sectional plane. b. adverbial phrase in section. ΚΠ 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. xvii. 321 The portion of the glacier which is shown in section. 1904 R. C. Jebb Bacchylides 6 The painter's plan was to show both the sea-depths and the upper world in section. c. Geology. A surface exposed by a cutting or by some natural agency, showing the succession of strata. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > sedimentary formation > [noun] > stratum > section or profile section1858 profile1929 1858 H. D. Rogers Geol. Pennsylvania II. ii. 1027 Section, an actual or ideal exposure of any part of the earth's crust, showing the strata edgewise, as if they were laid open by a cut. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxiii. 162 The wall of the Mattmark See is a fine glacier section. 1877 T. H. Huxley Physiography 23 Natural sections are frequently exposed in river-beds, sea-cliffs and inland valleys. 5. A thin slice of a vegetable or animal structure, or of an inorganic body, cut off for microscopic examination. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > magnification or magnifying instruments > [noun] > microscope > object examined or medium section1870 hanging drop1885 surface mount1899 the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > processes > [noun] > dissection > examination by microscope > section prepared for examination thin section1858 section1870 serial section1878 1870 Stirling in Jrnl. Anat. May 234 I can slice such an embryo into from seventy to eighty sections in the long direction. 1874 Amer. Naturalist 8 252 Mr. Charles Stewart obtains sections of fresh leaves by [etc.]. 1902 G. H. Fowler in Encycl. Brit. XXX. 739/1 The tissue..is cut into sections either by the Rutherford, Cathcart, or some similar section-cutter. 6. Printing. The sign §, originally used to introduce the number of a ‘section’ (sense 2b); subsequently used also as a mark of reference to notes in the margin or at the foot of a page. Also called section-mark.The primary use of the sign seems to have become rare in the 18th cent., and to have been revived in the latter part of the 19th cent. under German influence. German printers give to this mark the name of paragraph. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > printers' symbols and directions > [noun] > section mark section1728 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Character Characters in Grammar, Rhetoric, Poetry &c...§ Section, or Division. 1770 P. Luckombe Conc. Hist. Printing 259 The Sign which implies the word Section, is a Sort..seldom employed, because in Work which is divided into Chapters, Articles, Paragraphs, Sections, or any other Parts, they are commonly put in lines by themselves, either in Large Capitals, Small Capitals, or Italic... But the Sign of Section is sometimes used in (Latin) Notes, and particularly such as are collected from foreign books. 1875 J. Southward Dict. Typogr. (ed. 2) 123 Section (§), a mark of reference. It stands fourth in order, and immediately after the double dagger. Sometimes it is used to mark the division of a chapter into parts or sections, whence its name. 1894 Amer. Dict. Printing Section-mark. Compounds C1. Objective. a. (In sense 5.) section-cutter n. ΚΠ 1870 Stirling in Jrnl. Anat. May 230 The section cutter which I am about to describe. 1874 Amer. Naturalist 8 59 A new section cutter which is principally adapted for preparing sections of soft vegetable tissues and organs. section-cutting n. ΚΠ 1878 S. Marsh (title) Section-cutting. section-smoother n. ΚΠ 1887 Amer. Naturalist 21 597 Dr. P. F. Mall recommends a section-smoother constructed on the following principle. b. (In sense 2e (b).) section corner n. ΚΠ 1817 Niles' Weekly Reg. 12 97/2 At the distance of every mile..section corners are established. 1845 C. M. Kirkland Western Clearings 6 Such ransacking of the woods [as there was] for section corners, ranges and base lines! 1947 Michigan Hist. Sept. 319 He traced it up to the section corner and discovered that the cruiser had signed his name on the tree. c. (In sense 2g.) section-commander n. ΚΠ 1889 Infantry Drill 306 During an extension section commanders will see that the men take their proper intervals. 1914 Infantry Training i. i. § 2. 4 The section commander must know his men thoroughly. section-leader n. ΚΠ 1903 Daily Chron. 28 Dec. 3/2 Controlled individual firing, under the direction of group and section leaders, is the only effective method. d. (In sense 2k.) section boss n. ΚΠ 1870 Daily Territorial Enterprise (Virginia City, Nevada) 22 Oct. 3/1 The clothes of the section boss caught upon the brake..as he was in the act of jumping off. 1884 A. E. Sweet & J. A. Knox On Mexican Mustang through Texas x. 121 Mr. O'Lafferty was section-boss of No.—, on the G. H. and S. A. Railroad. 1947 K. D. Lumpkin Making of Southerner 163 The deacon was section boss on the railroad. section crew n. ΚΠ 1884 B. Nye Baled Hay 225 A section-crew..riding down that mountain on a push-car. 1962 W. Stegner Wolf Willow i. ii. 33 Anonymously denounced in the Leader for nearly derailing the speeder of a section crew. 1976 Columbus (Montana) News 1 July 8/4 My sister and her friend thought I should go on the hand-car with the section crew. section-gang n. ΚΠ 1890²Section-gang [see sense 2k]. section hand n. ΚΠ 1873 Newton Kansan 27 Feb. 3/2 A drunked section hand..laid down upon the railroad track to take a nap. 1887 C. B. George 40 Years on Rail ix. 167 The men, from section hands to conductor, would have gone to the ends of the earth to do him a good turn. 1903 Congress. Directory 116 As a common laborer or ‘section hand’ on the railroad. 1904 F. Lynde Grafters xxiii. 284 When the section hands pelt stray dogs with new spikes from the stock keg. 1969 Islander (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 2 Nov. 5/2 There are no sectionhands in the pass these days, nature finally triumphed in the thirties, closing the line. section-man n. ΚΠ 1869 W. H. Jackson Jrnl. 1 Aug. in Time Exposure (1940) xi. 182 Got the section men to take us aboard their handcar. 1890³ [see sense 2k]. 1921 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 23 Oct. 27/5 A section man..was killed last night while jumping from a moving train. 1936 D. McCowan Animals Canad. Rockies viii. 73 In spring..the section men burn the grass along the right-of-way of the railroad. 1955 L. Feather Encycl. Jazz vii. 194 Reluctant soloist but excellent sectionman. section master n. ΚΠ 1872 W. S. Huntington Road-master's Assistant p. iii The enormous expense of track repairs..may be greatly reduced by a reform in the every-day practice of the track-layer and section-master. 1890¹Section-master [see sense 2k]. section work n. ΚΠ 1891 C. Roberts Adrift in Amer. 71 Section work is track repairing. 1958 C. Fox in P. Gammond Decca Bk. Jazz vii. 91 Its attack and vitality..made up for any roughness in the section-work. 1977 J. Wainwright Do Nothin' v. 66 Miller's secret? Size, tight section work and damn good arrangers. e. (In sense 2o.) section man n. section work n. C2. Special combinations: section-beam n. (see quot. 1875). ΚΠ 1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Section-beam (Warping, etc.), a roller which receives the yarn from the spools, either for the dressing-machine or for the loom. section-eight v. (usually in passive) to discharge from the Army on such grounds. ΚΠ 1945 Yank 7 Dec. 8/1 Nobody knew whether he was getting section-eighted out of the Army. 1950 E. Hemingway Across River & into Trees xxxiii. 207 You stay in until you are hit badly or killed or go crazy and get section-eighted. Section Eight n. (also Section 8) U.S. Military slang discharge from the Army under section eight of Army Regulations 615–360 on the grounds of insanity or inability to adjust to Army life. ΚΠ 1943 Yank 23 July 15/2 If it weren't for Yank and its puzzles I'm sure there would be plenty of Section 8s in places like this. section head n. (a) the person in charge of a section of an organization; (b) the heading of a section of a newspaper or periodical. ΚΠ 1971 J. Aiken Nightly Deadshade iii. 31 The place..becomes a reservoir of feebles, bullied by the section heads. 1973 W. H. Hallahan Ross Forgery ii. 14 Redhaired man with a Sandhurst accent..a former section head of British Military Intelligence. 1977 Time 15 Aug. 5/2 The new format includes different section heads, a new type face for headlines, hairline rules to set off columns. section house n. (a) (see quot. 1856); (b) U.S. a house occupied by the men responsible for the maintenance of a section of a railway. ΘΚΠ society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > police quarters section house1856 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > accommodation or lodging > [noun] > quarters > of policemen section house1856 1856 A. Wynter Curiosities of Civilisation 465 The section-house, an establishment generally attached to the chief station of each division, in which the unmarried policemen are lodged. 1869 W. H. Jackson Jrnl. 24 Aug. in Time Exposure (1940) xi. 183 Decided to board at the section house rather than cook ourselves. 1878 J. H. Beadle Western Wilds iii. 51 A section-house by the roadside..marks the site where sales to the amount of millions were made in two months. 1890 Pall Mall Gaz. 7 July 5/1 This daring disobedience was loudly cheered by the men who crowded the section-house windows as spectators. 1903 N.Y. Evening Post 29 Aug. 1/2 Crowbars and tools..were identified as having been taken from the railroad section house. 1976 Columbus (Montana) News 1 July 8/4 I accompanied my sister and her beau to a dance at a section house near the railroad. section-line n. (a) the boundary of a section (now only U.S.); (b) a line drawn to indicate the manner of making a section. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > [noun] > land-boundary thresholdeOE randeOE markeOE mereOE limiting1391 march1402 confrontc1430 bourne1523 limity1523 mereing1565 mark-mere1582 ring1598 land-mere1603 limit1655 field boundary1812 landimere1825 section-line1827 wad1869 society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > drawing lines > [noun] > other lines linea1382 rulec1475 stroke1567 trig1648 ductor1658 style1690 pencil line1758 guideline1785 section-line1827 subhorizon1829 broken line1937 wiggle1942 1827 P. Cunningham Two Years New S. Wales (ed. 2) II. vii. 148 The section-lines being made to run either east and west, or north and south, according as the general course of the river best suits. 1872 Newton Kansan 12 Sept. 2/4 The farmers..are leaving space for a road along the section lines. 1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) I. 100/2 To trace the section-line on this development—that is, to draw the line in which the material is to be cut so as to form both the parts of the cylinder—erect perpendiculars [etc.]. 1948 H. A. Jacobs We chose Country 24 We bowled along, climbing past snatches of woods and the straight section-line roads to a high plateau. section-liner n. (see quot. 1875). ΚΠ 1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Section-liner, a device for ruling parallel lines. section-mark n. (see sense 6). section-plane n. a surface exposed by section. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > [noun] > flat or level surface or side > exposed by section section-plane1889 1889 A. H. Buck Ref. Handbk. Med. Sci. VIII. 109 The section-plane, as made by the saw, passed just sinistrad of the meson. section-point n. a mark used to indicate the end of a section of a verse. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > written character > punctuation > [noun] > section marks pilcrow1440 paraphc1460 paragraph1538 paragraph mark1841 versicle1888 section-point1893 society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > versification > rhythm > [noun] > caesura > point marking caesura in Old or Middle English section-point1893 1893 F. Thompson Poems 55 note I have..used an asterisk to indicate the caesura in the middle of the line, after the manner of the old Saxon section-point. section sergeant n. a police sergeant in charge of a section. ΚΠ 1956 Police Jrnl. 29 i. 52 Sergeants are ‘right in the picture’. Supervising each man on his patrol is still an important part of his duties but he is now the head of a team whose job is to police the section.] 1964 M. Banton Policeman in Community ii. 15 The division is divided into four sections, each of which is in the charge of a sergeant... Their section sergeants use the station as their headquarters and go out from there to supervise their constables. 1973 J. Wainwright Pride of Pigs 12 Sergeant Crawley took some backhanders... And you in favour of section sergeants taking nawpings? Draft additions 1993 A Caesarean section; = Caesarean adj. 2. colloquial. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > operations on specific parts or conditions > [noun] > operations on sex organs > operations on female sex organs > obstetrical operations Caesarean birth1661 hysterotomy1707 embryotomy1765 embryoctony1788 omphalotomy1828 cephalotomy1836 synchondrotomy1842 symphysiotomy1846 pelviotomy1847 version1853 gastro-hysterotomy1854 craniotomy1855 cranioclasm1860 pubiotomy1865 cephalotripsy1876 episiotomy1878 cleidotomy1901 Caesarean1923 Caesar1952 C-section1960 section1960 vacuum extraction1961 1960 G. W. Target Teachers 211 Well, you see, I was small—though I've broadened out since then—and they said my babies would always be too big, I'd always have to have a section. 1978 S. Kitzinger Experience of Childbirth (ed. 4) 315 During labour the obstetrician may decide that a section is necessary if there is evidence of foetal distress. 1986 Daily Tel. 5 Feb. 19/1 Delays in ordering sections..contributed, it is alleged, to the death of two children. Draft additions June 2014 section mill n. Metallurgy a rolling mill for producing bars of particular cross-sections, such as channels, T-bars, and I-bars. ΚΠ 1894 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 44 122 They could not rush through a finishing plate mill at such a high speed as they could if it were a section mill. 1925 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 111 57 Reheating the cogged bloom has become standard practice at most rail and section mills. 2006 Struct. Steel Beams from Japan & Korea (U.S. Internat. Trade Comm. Publ. 3840) iv. 11 The section mill consists of two types of rolling mills, a roughing mill and a 4-high reverse rolling mill. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online June 2022). sectionv. Brit. /ˈsɛkʃn/, U.S. /ˈsɛkʃən/ Etymology: < section n. 1. transitive. a. To divide into sections. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > divide [verb (transitive)] > into sections or compartments space1557 comparta1785 section1819 sectionize1828 partition1849 sectionalize1854 to pound off1873 pigeonhole1879 compartment1930 compartmentalize1945 cellularize1948 1819 J. Keats Cap & Bells xi With special strictures on the horrid crime, (Section'd and subsection'd with learning sage,) Of faeries stooping on their wings sublime To kiss a mortal's lips. 1856 Lady Lytton in L. Devey Life Lady Lytton (1887) 413 The rest was geographically sectioned out for the rest of Europe. b. To cut through so as to present a section. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > division by cutting > divide by cutting [verb (transitive)] > so as to present a section cross-section1876 section1891 1891 G. Neilson in Athenæum 30 May 707/3 The mound, wherever sectioned, invariably shows a steady succession of horizontal layers. c. With off: to make (an area, part of a structure, etc.) into a separate section. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separate [verb (transitive)] > separate from main body skillc1175 to tell outc1325 shillc1440 sequestrate1513 sorta1535 shoal1571 segregate1579 dismember1580 single1582 scatter1588 disgregate1593 recond1608 sepone1619 sequester1625 canton1653 to cantonize outa1670 portion1777 to set off1795 to comb out1854 distinguish1866 split1924 hive off1931 section1960 separate1962 1960 ‘E. McBain’ Give Boys Great Big Hand xiii. 156 The Carellas had sectioned off one corner of the house and disconnected the heating to it. 1976 J. Snow Cricket Rebel 72 The authorities sectioned off the stand next to the dressing room for Army marksmen. 2. intransitive. To admit of being cut into sections. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > division by cutting > admit of being cut into sections [verb (intransitive)] section1903 1903 E. H. Sellards in Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 164 89 The spores..are brown in color, somewhat flexible, and section readily on the microtome. 3. transitive. To cause (a person) to be compulsorily detained in a psychiatric hospital in accordance with the provisions of the relevant section of the Mental Health Act of 1983 or (formerly) that of 1959. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > psychiatry > treat psychiatrically [verb (transitive)] > admit to mental hospital section1984 1984 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 1 Dec. 1542/3 Before the 1983 Act came into being no social worker ever refused my request to come and see a patient with a view to sectioning the patient under the old section 29. 1984 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 1 Dec. 1542/3 I..needed to section a mentally ill patient urgently. 1986 M. Dunbar Catherine vi. 91 Personally, I do not believe that sectioning an anorectic is any answer at all, unless he or she wishes it. 1987 Openmind Feb– Mar. 5/1 The author uses the case of Mrs Z as an example. Sectioned by her husband, she was then confined in a secure unit. Derivatives ˈsectioning n. and adj. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > division by cutting > [noun] section1559 dissection1611 secturea1643 chopping1725 severization1849 sectioning1887 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > division by cutting > [adjective] ycuttec1430 sectioning1887 1887 Amer. Naturalist 21 595 For the purpose of sectioning, the eggs are transferred from the water used in washing to 50% alcohol. 1900 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 5 May 1110 A happy stroke of the sectioning knife, passing through the entire length of the proboscis of a filariated mosquito. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1559v.1819
随便看	go for the gold go for the jugular go for the lick of one's life go for the nobby go for the throat go forby give hands give have grief give head give heart of grace give hell give her head give her jotters give her leave give her own give her paiks give her running shoes give her the gas give her the gun give him a fly give him a houve of glass or glasen houve give him an inch and he'll take a mile give him an inch and he'll take an ell give him etc an inch and he'll take a mile give him her an inch and he'll take a mile

sectionn.

Compounds

Draft additions 1993

Draft additions June 2014

sectionv.

Derivatives