adjutantn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈadʒᵿt(ə)nt/, U.S.

/ˈædʒəd(ə)nt/,

/ˈædʒətnt/

Forms:

α. 1600s adiutant, 1600s– adjutant.

β. 1600s ayudant.

Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably partly a borrowing from Spanish; partly modelled on a Latin lexical item. Probably partly a borrowing from Portuguese; partly modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: Spanish ayudante; Portuguese ajudante.

Etymology: Probably partly (i) < Spanish ayudante assistant, helper, aide (a1460; 1494 in a naval context), military officer appointed to act as aide (1598; < ayudante (adjective) that helps or assists (1275 as †ayudant ), use as adjective of present participle of ayudar aid v.), and partly (ii) < Portuguese ajudante assistant, helper, aide (16th cent.; also †adjudante ; < ajudante (adjective) that helps or assists (14th cent.), use as adjective of present participle of ajudar aid v.), with (in α. forms) remodelling after classical Latin adiūtant-, adiūtāns, present participle of adiūtāre to help, assist, a frequentative formation < adiuvāre to help, assist (see adjuvant adj.). Quot. 1622 is from a passage discussing the Spanish and Portuguese navies. Compare earlier adjutor n.¹, adjutory adj., adjutory n. 2, adjuvant n., adjuvant adj.Compare French adjudant (1671 as †adjudan in military sense (originally with reference to a cannoneer); 1701 as †ajudant ; 1740 in the modern form; 1826 denoting various storks, in this sense after English), Catalan ajudant (14th cent. as adjective, 15th cent. as noun), Italian aiutante (end of the 14th cent. in general sense, 1602 or earlier in military sense). Compare also Dutch adjudant (1672 or earlier; < French), German Adjutant (1617 in specific military sense, 1712 in general sense; < Spanish, with remodelling of the prefix after Latin), Swedish adjutant (1689; < German). With sense A. 2 compare agitant n. 1 and adjutator n. N.E.D. (1884) gives the pronunciation as (æ·dʒⁱŭtănt) /ˈædʒ(j)ʊtənt/.

A. n.

1. An assistant, a helper; an aide.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > [noun] > subsidiary or contributory help > a subsidiary help > person

helpa1325

yeoman1363

suffragana1450

assistant?1541

under-minister1543

under-aid1579

under-fellowa1586

adjutant1622

deacon1642

under-builder1651

subsidiary1661

under-instrument1673

helper1686

understrappera1704

âme damnée1797

bottle holder1816

acolyte1829

cad1836

bellows-blower1865

sidekick1893

side-kicker1894

Watson1927

stooge1955

1622 R. Hawkins Observ. Voiage South Sea xxiii. 53 The Pilot, or his Adiutants (which are the same officers which in our Shippes we terme, the Master and his Mates).

1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena iv. 110 It was the Kings pleasure, that the same Count..should goe treate of the match with Maiorica, giving him for adjutants three of his fellow-peeres [It. dandogli tre colleghi, per far l'ambasciata più solenne].

1644 J. Bulwer Chirologia 17 The Hands so surpassing in dignity all the other corporall adjutants of man's wit.

1676 Earl of Orrery Eng. Adventures ii. 79 Izabella..laugh'd in her heart, that chance had like to have made use of one of her Lovers, to be the Adjutant for the other.

1802 Monthly Mirror Sept. 184 We must now..turn from Miss W. to her friendly adjutant, who has furnished various morceaux.

1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. II. xix. 191 Taking with me Morton, my faithful adjutant always.

1920 J. F. Barrett Loyalist i. viii. 112 You may be assured..that he will have an able adjutant in Peggy.

1981 J. Williams tr. W. J. Mommsen in V. Berghahn & M. Kitchen Germany in Age Total War ii. 28 The National Liberal Party, under the leadership of Rudolf Bassermann and his political adjutant, Gustav Stresemann.

2005 V. Begley Harold Pinter & Twilight of Modernism iii. 151 Spooner tries to insinuate himself into the role of Hirst's literary adjutant.

2. Military. Originally: (the title of) an officer appointed to act as an aide to a senior officer by communicating orders, conducting correspondence, etc. Later also: (the title of) an officer having charge of the administrative and organizational requirements of a battalion, regiment, or other unit.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > leader or commander > officer according to function > [noun] > aide-de-camp or adjutant

corporal of the field1591

general-adjutant1632

adjutant1641

adjutant general1644

agitant1644

aide-de-camp1670

aid-major1670

Adj.1708

aid1761

Adjt.1763

aide1776

D.A.A.G.1899

AG1913

D.A.G.-

1641 in W. Prynne Hidden Workes Darkenes (1645) 304 This Examinant..saith, that..the rest of the Captains that are now in the Low Countries..are these, viz. Melaghlin ô Moore, Griffin Cavanagh,..Iohn Donnelle, adjutant, Maurice ô Hean, adjutant, [etc.].

1645 Perfect Passages Proc. in Parl. No. 14. 108 The Foot (who were led on, and commanded by Adjutant Louthain) did performe a gallant service.

1652 T. Urquhart Εκσκυβαλαυρον 154 The collateral officers of an army, such as Adjutants, Quartermasters, Commissaries, Scoutmasters, Marshals, and so forth.

1680 J. Hacket Full & True Rel. Fortunate Victory over Moors 3 It was brought in by Lieutenant Robert Innes, Adjutant to the second Battalion.

1733 P. Shaw tr. F. Bacon Civil Char. Julius Cæsar in Philos. Wks. I. 312 In great Battles he would sit in his Pavilion, and manage all by Adjutants.

1775 G. Washington Gen. Orders 8 Oct. in Papers (1987) Revolutionary War Ser. II. 122 They..are to deliver the parole and Countersign, to the Adjutants of their respective brigades.

1817 Parl. Deb. 1st Ser. 1074 The reduced adjutants of the Local Militia.

1868 Queen's Regulations & Orders Army §857 All guards are, previous to marching on duty, to be inspected and sized by the Adjutant.

1910 H. S. Johnson Williams on Service xv. 172 Only the Major and his adjutant remained, each pottering over some paper work of his own.

1990 A. Beevor Inside Brit. Army ix. 98 The adjutant..deals with manning, promotion, discipline, postings, and leave, and oversees the orderly room.

2010 North Bay (Ont.) Nugget (Nexis) 26 June a1 Among the highlights of her career so far was her time as adjutant with 2 Service Battalion at Canadian Forces Base Petawawa.

3. Originally (more fully greater adjutant): a large stork of South and South-East Asia, Leptoptilos dubius, having a bare orange head, neck, and neck pouch, a massive bill, and grey and white plumage. Later also (in full lesser adjutant): the slightly smaller stork L. javanicus, of South (and formerly South-East) Asia, having black and white plumage and a bare grey neck and head.Like the related marabou stork of Africa (with which the greater adjutant was initially confused), both adjutants feed mainly on carrion; their stiff, marching gait is said to be the reason for the name. Both species are endangered.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Ciconiiformes (storks, etc.) > [noun] > family Ciconiidae (stork) > leptoptilos dubius (adjutant)

adjutant1798

adjutant bird1809

adjutant crane1815

adjutant stork1820

1798 T. Pennant View of Hindoostan II. 156 The Argali or Adjutant, or Gigantic Crane of Latham.

1857 S. Osborn Quedah ix. 110 The tall adjutant..a very king of fishing birds.

1906 F. Finn How to Know Indian Waders 14 This bird, often called the Hair-crested Stork or Lesser Adjutant, is considerably smaller than the Adjutant proper, and has no pouch.

1973 Auk 90 252 Also in this tribe are the Maribou and Adjutants, Leptoptilos, which exhibit swaying twig-grasping and are distinguished by features of the balancing posture.

1989 Green Mag. Oct. 62/1 Chan Sarun..believes that some of the birds that have become extinct or endangered in other areas of Asia still abound on the Great Lake including the Eastern Sarus crane, giant ibis, milky stork, greater adjutant, and the white-winged wood duck.

2006 Science 20 Oct. 404/1 Rare species such as the lesser adjutant—a black-and-white member of the stork family with a 2-meter wingspan.

†B. adj.

That helps or assists; auxiliary. Cf. adjuvant adj. 1 Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > [adjective]

lastfuleOE

helpinga1300

helplya1300

helpfulc1384

assistanta1400

succourablec1400

helpyc1440

aidant1449

adjutoryc1475

subsiduous1490

aidable1509

aidinga1525

aidful1535

adjuvant1574

adjuvable1598

assistful1600

auxiliary1605

recureful1606

seconda1616

succouring1616

coadjuvanta1625

adjutant1645

adjutorious1657

assisting1659

subventive1674

relievablea1693

subventitious1693

affording1873

succourful1898

1645 Perfect Diurnall 24 Feb. 662 Enabling the County of Essex, to maintaine the adjutant Officers for those additionall forces in Essex.

1649 J. Bulwer Pathomyotomia sig. A8^v Each Muscle that I find instrumentall, adjutant, or any way concurring to the expedition of any remarkable gesture of the Head or Face.

1656 W. S. Bullokar's Eng. Expositor (rev. ed.) Adjutant, helping.

1880 J. H. Burton Hist. Reign Queen Anne II. ix. 58 With adjutant vessels and small craft there were upwards of a hundred and fifty sail.

Compounds

adjutant bird n. = adjutant stork n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Ciconiiformes (storks, etc.) > [noun] > family Ciconiidae (stork) > leptoptilos dubius (adjutant)

adjutant1798

adjutant bird1809

adjutant crane1815

adjutant stork1820

1809 Crit. Rev. 18 257 In their profession of scavengers, the kites and crows are assisted during the day by the adjutant bird.

1880 Daily Tel. 28 Oct. The adjutant-bird and the black turkey buzzard.

1970 A. Hoogerwerf Udjung Kulon 443 Leptoptilos javanicus (Horsfield)—Lesser Adjutant Bird.

2008 S. Butler Bangladesh (Lonely Planet) (ed. 6) 93/2 Birds found here include snipes,..golden eagles and the madan-tak (adjutant bird), which always looks worried and dejected.

adjutant crane n. now rare = adjutant stork n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Ciconiiformes (storks, etc.) > [noun] > family Ciconiidae (stork) > leptoptilos dubius (adjutant)

adjutant1798

adjutant bird1809

adjutant crane1815

adjutant stork1820

1815 Synopsis Contents Brit. Mus. (ed. 9) 60 The adjutant crane, tiger bittern, night heron, [etc.].

1831 D. Tyerman & G. Bennet Voy. & Trav. II. xlv. 343 The adjutant-crane is a privileged carrion-eater throughout India.

1938 Bull. School Oriental Stud. 9 718 Begguru and pegguru the bird called adjutant crane.

adjutant stork n. the greater or (usually with distinguishing word) lesser adjutant (see sense A. 3).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Ciconiiformes (storks, etc.) > [noun] > family Ciconiidae (stork) > leptoptilos dubius (adjutant)

adjutant1798

adjutant bird1809

adjutant crane1815

adjutant stork1820

1820 W. Hamilton Geogr., Statist., & Hist. Descr. Hindostan I. 57 In their profession of scavengers, the kites and crows are assisted during the day by the voracious adjutant stork.

1931 Q. Rev. Biol. 6 93/1 The following are among the better known soaring birds: eagles, falcons, buzzards,..adjutant storks and albatrosses.

2006 E. M. Collingham Curry 109 If it had not been for the Indian shacks in the background, the adjutant storks gloomily surveying the scene from the rooftops, and the numerous Indian servants and hawkers milling about, the stranger might have thought he had arrived in Jane Austen's Bath.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	adjutant
释义	adjutantn.adj. Brit. /ˈadʒᵿt(ə)nt/, U.S. /ˈædʒəd(ə)nt/, /ˈædʒətnt/ Forms: α. 1600s adiutant, 1600s– adjutant. β. 1600s ayudant. Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably partly a borrowing from Spanish; partly modelled on a Latin lexical item. Probably partly a borrowing from Portuguese; partly modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: Spanish ayudante; Portuguese ajudante. Etymology: Probably partly (i) < Spanish ayudante assistant, helper, aide (a1460; 1494 in a naval context), military officer appointed to act as aide (1598; < ayudante (adjective) that helps or assists (1275 as †ayudant ), use as adjective of present participle of ayudar aid v.), and partly (ii) < Portuguese ajudante assistant, helper, aide (16th cent.; also †adjudante ; < ajudante (adjective) that helps or assists (14th cent.), use as adjective of present participle of ajudar aid v.), with (in α. forms) remodelling after classical Latin adiūtant-, adiūtāns, present participle of adiūtāre to help, assist, a frequentative formation < adiuvāre to help, assist (see adjuvant adj.). Quot. 1622 is from a passage discussing the Spanish and Portuguese navies. Compare earlier adjutor n.¹, adjutory adj., adjutory n. 2, adjuvant n., adjuvant adj.Compare French adjudant (1671 as †adjudan in military sense (originally with reference to a cannoneer); 1701 as †ajudant ; 1740 in the modern form; 1826 denoting various storks, in this sense after English), Catalan ajudant (14th cent. as adjective, 15th cent. as noun), Italian aiutante (end of the 14th cent. in general sense, 1602 or earlier in military sense). Compare also Dutch adjudant (1672 or earlier; < French), German Adjutant (1617 in specific military sense, 1712 in general sense; < Spanish, with remodelling of the prefix after Latin), Swedish adjutant (1689; < German). With sense A. 2 compare agitant n. 1 and adjutator n. N.E.D. (1884) gives the pronunciation as (æ·dʒⁱŭtănt) /ˈædʒ(j)ʊtənt/. A. n. 1. An assistant, a helper; an aide. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > [noun] > subsidiary or contributory help > a subsidiary help > person helpa1325 yeoman1363 suffragana1450 assistant?1541 under-minister1543 under-aid1579 under-fellowa1586 adjutant1622 deacon1642 under-builder1651 subsidiary1661 under-instrument1673 helper1686 understrappera1704 âme damnée1797 bottle holder1816 acolyte1829 cad1836 bellows-blower1865 sidekick1893 side-kicker1894 Watson1927 stooge1955 1622 R. Hawkins Observ. Voiage South Sea xxiii. 53 The Pilot, or his Adiutants (which are the same officers which in our Shippes we terme, the Master and his Mates). 1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena iv. 110 It was the Kings pleasure, that the same Count..should goe treate of the match with Maiorica, giving him for adjutants three of his fellow-peeres [It. dandogli tre colleghi, per far l'ambasciata più solenne]. 1644 J. Bulwer Chirologia 17 The Hands so surpassing in dignity all the other corporall adjutants of man's wit. 1676 Earl of Orrery Eng. Adventures ii. 79 Izabella..laugh'd in her heart, that chance had like to have made use of one of her Lovers, to be the Adjutant for the other. 1802 Monthly Mirror Sept. 184 We must now..turn from Miss W. to her friendly adjutant, who has furnished various morceaux. 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. II. xix. 191 Taking with me Morton, my faithful adjutant always. 1920 J. F. Barrett Loyalist i. viii. 112 You may be assured..that he will have an able adjutant in Peggy. 1981 J. Williams tr. W. J. Mommsen in V. Berghahn & M. Kitchen Germany in Age Total War ii. 28 The National Liberal Party, under the leadership of Rudolf Bassermann and his political adjutant, Gustav Stresemann. 2005 V. Begley Harold Pinter & Twilight of Modernism iii. 151 Spooner tries to insinuate himself into the role of Hirst's literary adjutant. 2. Military. Originally: (the title of) an officer appointed to act as an aide to a senior officer by communicating orders, conducting correspondence, etc. Later also: (the title of) an officer having charge of the administrative and organizational requirements of a battalion, regiment, or other unit. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > leader or commander > officer according to function > [noun] > aide-de-camp or adjutant corporal of the field1591 general-adjutant1632 adjutant1641 adjutant general1644 agitant1644 aide-de-camp1670 aid-major1670 Adj.1708 aid1761 Adjt.1763 aide1776 D.A.A.G.1899 AG1913 D.A.G.- 1641 in W. Prynne Hidden Workes Darkenes (1645) 304 This Examinant..saith, that..the rest of the Captains that are now in the Low Countries..are these, viz. Melaghlin ô Moore, Griffin Cavanagh,..Iohn Donnelle, adjutant, Maurice ô Hean, adjutant, [etc.]. 1645 Perfect Passages Proc. in Parl. No. 14. 108 The Foot (who were led on, and commanded by Adjutant Louthain) did performe a gallant service. 1652 T. Urquhart Εκσκυβαλαυρον 154 The collateral officers of an army, such as Adjutants, Quartermasters, Commissaries, Scoutmasters, Marshals, and so forth. 1680 J. Hacket Full & True Rel. Fortunate Victory over Moors 3 It was brought in by Lieutenant Robert Innes, Adjutant to the second Battalion. 1733 P. Shaw tr. F. Bacon Civil Char. Julius Cæsar in Philos. Wks. I. 312 In great Battles he would sit in his Pavilion, and manage all by Adjutants. 1775 G. Washington Gen. Orders 8 Oct. in Papers (1987) Revolutionary War Ser. II. 122 They..are to deliver the parole and Countersign, to the Adjutants of their respective brigades. 1817 Parl. Deb. 1st Ser. 1074 The reduced adjutants of the Local Militia. 1868 Queen's Regulations & Orders Army §857 All guards are, previous to marching on duty, to be inspected and sized by the Adjutant. 1910 H. S. Johnson Williams on Service xv. 172 Only the Major and his adjutant remained, each pottering over some paper work of his own. 1990 A. Beevor Inside Brit. Army ix. 98 The adjutant..deals with manning, promotion, discipline, postings, and leave, and oversees the orderly room. 2010 North Bay (Ont.) Nugget (Nexis) 26 June a1 Among the highlights of her career so far was her time as adjutant with 2 Service Battalion at Canadian Forces Base Petawawa. 3. Originally (more fully greater adjutant): a large stork of South and South-East Asia, Leptoptilos dubius, having a bare orange head, neck, and neck pouch, a massive bill, and grey and white plumage. Later also (in full lesser adjutant): the slightly smaller stork L. javanicus, of South (and formerly South-East) Asia, having black and white plumage and a bare grey neck and head.Like the related marabou stork of Africa (with which the greater adjutant was initially confused), both adjutants feed mainly on carrion; their stiff, marching gait is said to be the reason for the name. Both species are endangered. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Ciconiiformes (storks, etc.) > [noun] > family Ciconiidae (stork) > leptoptilos dubius (adjutant) adjutant1798 adjutant bird1809 adjutant crane1815 adjutant stork1820 1798 T. Pennant View of Hindoostan II. 156 The Argali or Adjutant, or Gigantic Crane of Latham. 1857 S. Osborn Quedah ix. 110 The tall adjutant..a very king of fishing birds. 1906 F. Finn How to Know Indian Waders 14 This bird, often called the Hair-crested Stork or Lesser Adjutant, is considerably smaller than the Adjutant proper, and has no pouch. 1973 Auk 90 252 Also in this tribe are the Maribou and Adjutants, Leptoptilos, which exhibit swaying twig-grasping and are distinguished by features of the balancing posture. 1989 Green Mag. Oct. 62/1 Chan Sarun..believes that some of the birds that have become extinct or endangered in other areas of Asia still abound on the Great Lake including the Eastern Sarus crane, giant ibis, milky stork, greater adjutant, and the white-winged wood duck. 2006 Science 20 Oct. 404/1 Rare species such as the lesser adjutant—a black-and-white member of the stork family with a 2-meter wingspan. †B. adj. That helps or assists; auxiliary. Cf. adjuvant adj. 1 Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > [adjective] lastfuleOE helpinga1300 helplya1300 helpfulc1384 assistanta1400 succourablec1400 helpyc1440 aidant1449 adjutoryc1475 subsiduous1490 aidable1509 aidinga1525 aidful1535 adjuvant1574 adjuvable1598 assistful1600 auxiliary1605 recureful1606 seconda1616 succouring1616 coadjuvanta1625 adjutant1645 adjutorious1657 assisting1659 subventive1674 relievablea1693 subventitious1693 affording1873 succourful1898 1645 Perfect Diurnall 24 Feb. 662 Enabling the County of Essex, to maintaine the adjutant Officers for those additionall forces in Essex. 1649 J. Bulwer Pathomyotomia sig. A8^v Each Muscle that I find instrumentall, adjutant, or any way concurring to the expedition of any remarkable gesture of the Head or Face. 1656 W. S. Bullokar's Eng. Expositor (rev. ed.) Adjutant, helping. 1880 J. H. Burton Hist. Reign Queen Anne II. ix. 58 With adjutant vessels and small craft there were upwards of a hundred and fifty sail. Compounds adjutant bird n. = adjutant stork n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Ciconiiformes (storks, etc.) > [noun] > family Ciconiidae (stork) > leptoptilos dubius (adjutant) adjutant1798 adjutant bird1809 adjutant crane1815 adjutant stork1820 1809 Crit. Rev. 18 257 In their profession of scavengers, the kites and crows are assisted during the day by the adjutant bird. 1880 Daily Tel. 28 Oct. The adjutant-bird and the black turkey buzzard. 1970 A. Hoogerwerf Udjung Kulon 443 Leptoptilos javanicus (Horsfield)—Lesser Adjutant Bird. 2008 S. Butler Bangladesh (Lonely Planet) (ed. 6) 93/2 Birds found here include snipes,..golden eagles and the madan-tak (adjutant bird), which always looks worried and dejected. adjutant crane n. now rare = adjutant stork n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Ciconiiformes (storks, etc.) > [noun] > family Ciconiidae (stork) > leptoptilos dubius (adjutant) adjutant1798 adjutant bird1809 adjutant crane1815 adjutant stork1820 1815 Synopsis Contents Brit. Mus. (ed. 9) 60 The adjutant crane, tiger bittern, night heron, [etc.]. 1831 D. Tyerman & G. Bennet Voy. & Trav. II. xlv. 343 The adjutant-crane is a privileged carrion-eater throughout India. 1938 Bull. School Oriental Stud. 9 718 Begguru and pegguru the bird called adjutant crane. adjutant stork n. the greater or (usually with distinguishing word) lesser adjutant (see sense A. 3). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Ciconiiformes (storks, etc.) > [noun] > family Ciconiidae (stork) > leptoptilos dubius (adjutant) adjutant1798 adjutant bird1809 adjutant crane1815 adjutant stork1820 1820 W. Hamilton Geogr., Statist., & Hist. Descr. Hindostan I. 57 In their profession of scavengers, the kites and crows are assisted during the day by the voracious adjutant stork. 1931 Q. Rev. Biol. 6 93/1 The following are among the better known soaring birds: eagles, falcons, buzzards,..adjutant storks and albatrosses. 2006 E. M. Collingham Curry 109 If it had not been for the Indian shacks in the background, the adjutant storks gloomily surveying the scene from the rooftops, and the numerous Indian servants and hawkers milling about, the stranger might have thought he had arrived in Jane Austen's Bath. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.adj.1622
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