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单词 screed
释义

screedn.1

Brit. /skriːd/, U.S. /skrid/
Forms: Middle English screade, Middle English screde, 1600s skread, 1600s– screed, 1700s–1800s skreed (chiefly English regional (northern and north midlands)), 1800s scred (Newfoundland); Scottish pre-1700 1900s– screid, pre-1700 1900s– skreid, 1700s– screed, 1700s– skreed, 1800s scried. See also scrid n.
Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: shred n.
Etymology: Variant of shred n. (compare the discussion of initial scr- at S n.1). Compare screed v.1The spelling scr- in the (Kentish) source of quot. c1350 is ambiguous, and may be intended to represent /ʃr/ (compare shred n.).
1.
a. A fragment cut, torn, or broken from a main piece; a small piece or narrow strip of material, paper, leather, etc. Now esp.: a scrap or shred of fabric or clothing. Now chiefly Irish English, Scottish, and Newfoundland.Also occasionally as a mass noun (e.g. in quots. 1578, 1879): shreds, tatters.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a fragment
shreddingc950
brucheOE
shredc1000
brokec1160
truncheonc1330
scartha1340
screedc1350
bruisinga1382
morsel1381
shedc1400
stumpc1400
rag?a1425
brokalyc1440
brokeling1490
mammocka1529
brokelette1538
sheavec1558
shard1561
fragment1583
segment1586
brack1587
parcel1596
flaw1607
fraction1609
fracture1641
pash1651
frustillation1653
hoof1655
arrachement1656
jaga1658
shattering1658
discerption1685
scar1698
twitter1715
frust1765
smithereens1841
chitling1843
c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 30 Þaȝ eny best devoured hyt [sc. the eucharistic bread],..Ech screade Ȝet al so longe hys godes body, Ase lest þe fourme of breade.
a1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 655/11 Hoc presegmen, screde.
a1500 in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1861) II. 252 Robes made of scredes.
1578 J. Rolland Seuin Seages 37 Scho raif hir clais all into screid.
a1586 G. Douglas Conscience 7 Of his habite out cuttit thay ane skreid.
1704 J. Pitts True Acct. Mohammetans vii. 91 They being so eager after these Screeds, a piece of the bigness of about a Sheet of Paper will cost a Sultane, i. e. nine or ten Shillings.
1825 D. M. Moir Mansie Wauch in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. June 672/1 In came she..with about twenty swatches from Simeon Calicoe's, prinned on a screed of paper.
1879 A. G. Murdoch Rhymes & Lyrics 55 For me, ye see, I'm fair awa' tae screed, Shrunk in the shanks an' taiver't in the heid.
1881 ‘W. H. Floredice’ Mem. Irish 197 Take ivery screed of leather aff my hands.
1942 S. O'Casey Pictures in Hallway 268 The white-haired, white-whiskered Brian bounds outa bed with barely a screed on.
2014 F. Maguire Lashback 221 He was without a screed of clothing on his back, or if you prefer, naked as a jaybird.
b. An area or piece of land; esp. a narrow strip of land. In later use Scottish and English regional. Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) records this sense as still in use in Banffshire, Aberdeenshire, Wigtownshire, and Kirkcudbrightshire in 1969.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > land > tract > [noun] > strip
sideling1250
tail1472
strake1503
vein1555
slip1591
neckland1598
slang1610
spang1610
screed1615
gore1650
spong1650
belt1725
slinget1790
stripe1801
strip1816
wedge1867
ribbon1923
1615 R. Brathwait Strappado 220 Thou Ahab, thou that by extortion gaines, Some Skreads of Land to better thy demains.
1644 H. Slingsby Diary (1836) 126 Northscales, a town in Wawne [= Walney] Iseland wch is a narrow screed of land lying before Fourness.
1791 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse §321 The sea encroached upon these cliffs, by taking off parallel Screeds.
1795 Epworth (Linc.) Enclosure Act 25 Any Freeboard, Screed, or Parcel of Land left outside the fences.
1843 W. D. Cookson in Lincs. Topogr. Soc. Papers 64 The triangular screed of land lying on the north side of the Cross-cliff hill, was the ancient Swine-green of Lincoln.
1889 J. Raine Hist. Hemingborough 165 There is a long screed or tongue of land called Bishop's Meadows.
1901 R. De B. Trotter Galloway Gossip Eighty Years Ago 234 An bocht a great skreed o' lan'.
1904 J. P. Kirk in Eng. Dial. Dict. V. 278/1 He's got a screed o' good land the tother side the planting.
c. English regional (northern and east midlands). A border or edge; esp. the (frilled) edging on a woman's cap (also more fully cap-screed). Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > ornamental textiles > ornamental trimmings > [noun] > bordering or edging
fasc950
wloc950
hemc1000
hemminga1300
borderc1374
mill1388
purfling1388
orphrey?a1425
wainc1440
millc1450
selvage1481
edge1502
bordering1530
screed1788
German hemming1838
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > parts of headgear > [noun] > other
bouta1300
locketa1350
flipe1530
tarf1545
corneta1547
round tire1560
scuffe1599
lappet1601
mirror1601
flandana1685
rose1725
rounding1732
feather-peeper1757
screed1788
valance1791
busby-bag1807
cointise1834
wing1834
kredemnon1850
havelock1861
cache-peigne1873
pullover1875
stocking-foot1921
grummet1953
1788 W. Marshall Provincialisms E. Yorks. in Rural Econ. Yorks. II. 353 Skreed, a border; or narrow slip..of cloth.
a1800 S. Pegge Suppl. Grose's Provinc. Gloss. (1814) Skreeds, borders of women's caps.
1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Cap-screed, the border of a cap.
1849 C. Brontë Shirley II. xii. 279 The screed, or frill of the cap, stood a quarter of a yard broad round the face of the wearer.
1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 148 A Screed, a border or edge of paper, or other flat surface.
1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. at Cap-screed Maister Edward's setten my cap-screed afire.
1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 109/2 Screed, a border, an edge such as the edging or edging frill on an old woman's cap.
2. Scottish, English regional (northern), and Irish English (northern). A tear, a rip; a cut. Also figurative. Cf. screed n.2
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > tearing or tearing apart > [noun] > a tear
rent1525
tearing1607
tear1611
rip1673
screed1728
schism1767
skeg1839
snag1854
1728 A. Ramsay Poems II. 105 He had lent ane's Guts a Skreed, Wha had gi'en him a broken Head.
1786 R. Burns Poems 209 Yet when a tale comes i' my head, Or lasses gie my heart a screed.
1828 D. M. Moir Life Mansie Wauch xiv. 127 Two wide screeds across his trowser-knees.
1846 W. E. Brockett J. T. Brockett's Gloss. North Country Words (ed. 3) II. 114 Screed, a rent or tear.
1883 M. Oliphant Ladies Lindores II. xxv. 206 It must have been an ill-willy beast that made ye give your arm a skreed like that.
1997 L. Niven Past Presents 14 A swine squeals atour the yerd..A saw-like squaiking Fae the screed in its thrapple.
3.
a. A long or tedious speech, piece of writing, list, etc. Now chiefly: a speech or piece of writing characterized by vehement or protracted criticism or complaint; a rant, a tirade.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > record > list > [noun]
tableOE
scorec1325
billa1340
calendar?a1400
legendc1400
librarya1450
Ragmanc1450
Ragman rollc1450
cataloguea1464
repertory1542
scrowa1545
bedroll?1552
roll1565
file1566
state1582
inventory1589
brief1600
series1601
counter-roll1603
list1604
muster roll1605
cense1615
pinax1625
repertoirec1626
diagram1631
recensiona1638
repertorium1667
vocabulary1694
albe1697
enumeration1725
screed1748
album1753
tableau1792
roll-call1833
shopping list1923
laundry list1958
remainder list1977
the mind > language > speech > speech-making > [noun] > a discourse or lecture
spellc888
predicationa1325
lessonc1330
collation1417
sermocination1514
discourse1533
lecture1536
descant1567
peroration1607
homilya1616
sermona1616
exercitation1632
transcursion1641
exhortatory1656
by-discourse1660
screed1748
purlicue1825
rhesis1840
talk1859
lecturette1867
chalk talk1881
pi-jaw1896
1748 Double Traitor Roasted 7 They cannot speak without a Screed of Latin.
1778 J. Beattie in A. Ross Helenore (ed. 2) Ded. p. vii I here might gie a skreed of names.
1812 T. Chalmers Let. in W. Hanna Mem. T. Chalmers (1849) I. 293 Mr. Manson threatens a long screed of poetry on the subject.
1839 C. Fox Mem. 19 Aug. (1882) v. 41 Some reference to infant schools drew Derwent Coleridge forth..and he launched out into a Coleridgean screed on education.
1902 A. Dobson S. Richardson v. 117 Richardson's reply is a screed of malevolence.
1927 J. Buchan Witch Wood xvi. 280 Ye've taken doun frae her mouth a long screed o' crimes.
1991 Washington Post Mag. 26 May 5/1 Lousy music, banal lyrics and an anti-American screed to boot.
2014 C. Seife Virtual Unreality Introd. 6 Don't think that this book is a Luddite screed about the evils of the internet.
†b. Scottish. A section of a literary work. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > book > matter of book > [noun] > chapter or section
capitleeOE
chapter?c1225
pacea1325
chapitle1340
passa1400
capitalc1460
titlec1460
spacea1500
section1576
head1610
tract1662
passus1765
screed1829
subtitle1891
society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > extract > [noun]
stitchena1225
outdraughtc1300
draught1382
sentencec1400
article1417
place1526
membera1535
gobbet?1550
extracture1602
excerption1614
excerpta1638
analects1641
extraction1656
extract1666
selection1805
worksheet1823
reading1828
screed1829
sectiuncle1838
snippet1864
1829 W. Scott Jrnl. 12 June (1946) 81 After dinner I..took a screed of my novel.
c. More generally: a piece of writing; esp. an informal letter.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > writing > written text > [noun]
rounOE
pagine?c1225
writ-rounc1275
dite1340
writing1340
paperc1390
scripturea1400
writinga1400
charactc1400
textc1400
papera1500
black and white1569
page?1606
character1609
litera scripta1660
matter1683
legend1822
screed1834
reading1836
society > communication > correspondence > letter > [noun] > other types of letter
billet-doux1673
poulet1691
treble letter1753
round robin1755
screed1834
tickler1846
application letter1850
test letter1869
letter of envoy1873
hastener1922
fan letter1932
aerogram1933
yum-yum1943
newsletter1961
overnights1975
1834 Chambers's Edinb. Jrnl. 2 Aug. 209/2 [The favour] is to write the screed of a pen for me to my son Mick.
1876 T. E. Brown Doctor 72 And what was there writ..in the letter there?.. It was from her [sc. his ould sweetheart], the very screed.
1916 W. S. Churchill Let. 14 Feb. in W. S. Churchill & C. S. Churchill Speaking for Themselves (1999) vii. 176 Well my darling & dearest companion, here is my screed tonight & it bears with it my fondest love to you & the babies.
1958 P. Larkin Let. 29 Oct. in Sel. Lett. (1992) 292 Tonight I am going to the Ferret's..so I must pack up this short screed.
1978 H. Wouk War & Remembrance i. 14 Perhaps there's a screed for me already in the mail.
2002 C. J. Dorsey in D. Duncan West of January (new ed.) 4 Dear Reader: I address you here in a short screed commissioned as a foreword.
4. Plastering and (in later use) Building.
a. Any of two or more identically plumbed or levelled strips of plaster, concrete, or similar building material, which are formed upon a wall, ceiling, floor, road, etc., in order to serve as guides in spreading an even surface of that material; (also) one of two or more wooden strips or similar objects placed on a wall, floor, etc., and used for the same purpose. Also: a levelled strip of wood placed on a wall and used as a guide in running a cornice.In spreading a surface, screeds are formed or placed parallel to each other at regular intervals. The interstices are then filled in to the level of the screeds. If wooden strips or other objects are used as screeds, they are removed at this stage, and the resulting trenches are filled in with the material being laid.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > surfacing or cladding > [noun] > bricklaying and plastering > plastering > strip to guide in obtaining even surface
rule1812
screed1812
1812 P. Nicholson Mech. Exercises 308 Floating Skreeds differ from cornice skreeds in this, that the former is a strip of plaster, and the latter wooden rules for running the cornice.
1855 F. Reinnel Masons' Assist. 61 The work must be correctly plumbed up by means of flat-headed nails, and screeds for the guidance of the floating rule formed with Roman cement.
1880 Minutes Proc. Inst. Civil Engineers 60 255 One of the workmen had left in the concrete his wooden screed, which had rotted.
1937 S. G. B. Stubbs Building Encycl. IV. 1241/2 In the case of floors..it is usual to use the batten itself as a screed without forming the floated strip alongside, and hence we find the battens often referred to as the screeds.
1974 W. E. Kelsey Building Constr. v. 87 Although the term screed is applied to the whole final surface, it is also used to describe the narrow strips of wet cement used as a guide to the thickness of the top layer.
2004 M. R. Miller et al. Carpentry & Constr. (ed. 4) 540/2 Concrete should be placed between forms or screeds as near to its final position as practicable.
b. A wooden straight-edge or other rule which is scraped over a layer of plaster, concrete, or similar building material, in order to spread it into an even surface level with two or more guides (see sense 4a). Now also: a machine incorporating a mechanized version of this. Cf. screeder n. 2b.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > shaping tools or equipment > [noun] > levelling
planea1425
strike1683
screed1901
screeder1915
1901 J. Black Illustr. Carpenter & Builder Ser.: Home Handicrafts 92 The concrete [for the floor should be]..thrown on..and its upper surface brought perfectly level by passing a ‘screed’, or large wooden straight-edge, over it.
1952 E. L. Leeming Road Engin. (ed. 3) xv. 179 The surface is shaped by a tamper or screed operating between the side forms.
1991 Highway & Heavy Constr. Oct. 29 A Barber-Greene SB131 paver with an electronically-controlled screed laid a 2–1/2-in. binder. That was followed by a layer of 1/2-in. stone and liquid asphalt.
2003 in L. Johnson Ortho Start-to-Finish Paths & Walkways 82/1 Pull a screed across the surface of the concrete to level it, repeating the screeding after filling in any depressions.
c. A layer of concrete, plaster, or similar building material, which is spread level to form part of a floor, wall, or other surface, esp. to serve as a base for a finishing layer of tiles, timber planks, paving stones, etc. Cf. earlier screeding n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > types of material generally > [noun] > building-material > for other parts
skiftingc1450
guttering1703
lintelling1703
skirting1825
stringing1833
spouting1838
trussing1840
undercloak1896
shuttering1898
screed1937
1937 S. G. B. Stubbs Building Encycl. IV. 1241/2 Screeding. A cement and sand floating on a floor, laid in preparation for a subsequent paving or on a wall for wall tiling, is known as a screeding. Often it is called simply a screed, because it is brought up level by the use of screeds.
1956 R. L. Davies & D. J. Petty Building Elem. ix. 270 A screed of cement and sand is laid later to provide a smooth and level surface for whatever floor finish is to be used.
1978 Cornish Guardian 27 Apr. 33/6 (advt.) Uneven floors made smooth with latex screed.
2004 P. Hymers New Home Builder x. 212 If you are planning on laying your floated timber over a screed finish, then make sure the screed has been laid several weeks before and has thoroughly dried out.
†5. Scottish. A bout of drinking; a drunken revel, a spree. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [noun] > drinking-bout
cups1406
drinking?1518
banquet1535
Bacchanal1536
pot-revel1577
compotation1593
rouse1604
Bacchanalia1633
potmealc1639
bout1670
drinking-bout1673
carouse1690
carousal1765
drunk1779
bouse1786
toot1790
set-to1808
spree1811
fuddlea1813
screed1815
bust1834
lush1841
bender1846
bat1848
buster1848
burst1849
soak1851
binge1854
bumming1860
bust-out1861
bum1863
booze1864
drink1865
ran-tan1866
cupping1868
crawl1877
hellbender1877
break-away1885
periodical1886
jag1894
booze-up1897
slopping-up1899
souse1903
pub crawl1915
blind1917
beer-up1919
periodic1920
scoot1924
brannigan1927
rumba1934
boozeroo1943
sesh1943
session1943
piss-up1950
pink-eye1958
binge drinking1964
1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering II. 52 Naething confuses me, unless it be a screed o'drink at an orra time.
1823 J. Galt Entail I. xxxii. 284 Had he no deet amang hands in one o' his scrieds wi' the Lairds o' Kilpatrick, I'm sure I canna think what would hae come o' me and my first wife.
1828 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxxv, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Jan. 119 A skreed in any room of his house clears my head for a month.
1911 G. M. Gordon Auld Clay Biggin' 20 Save for his occasional screeds o' drinkin'.
6. A large amount or number of. Now chiefly in plural.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > (a) great quantity or amount
felec825
muchc1230
good wone1297
plentyc1300
bushelc1374
sight1390
mickle-whata1393
forcea1400
manynessa1400
multitudea1400
packc1400
a good dealc1430
greata1450
sackful1484
power1489
horseloadc1500
mile1508
lump1523
a deal?1532
peckc1535
heapa1547
mass1566
mass1569
gallon1575
armful1579
cart-load1587
mickle1599
bushelful1600–12
a load1609
wreck1612
parisha1616
herd1618
fair share1650
heapa1661
muchness1674
reams1681
hantle1693
mort1694
doll?1719
lift1755
acre1759
beaucoup1760
ton1770
boxload1795
boatload1807
lot1811
dollop1819
swag1819
faggald1824
screed1826
Niagara1828
wad1828
lashings1829
butt1831
slew1839
ocean1840
any amount (of)1848
rake1851
slather1857
horde1860
torrent1864
sheaf1865
oodlesa1867
dead load1869
scad1869
stack1870
jorum1872
a heap sight1874
firlot1883
oodlings1886
chunka1889
whips1888
God's quantity1895
streetful1901
bag1917
fid1920
fleetful1923
mob1927
bucketload1930
pisspot1944
shitload1954
megaton1957
mob-o-ton1975
gazillion1978
buttload1988
shit ton1991
1826 L. Ritchie Head-pieces & Tail-pieces 141 The doctor said you were all the better, body and spirit, for the screed of caster-oil you got from him.
1884 D. Grant Lays & Legends of North 4 To print her screeds Wud cost a screed o' siller.
1928 D. L. Sayers Unpleasantness at Bellona Club vi. 57 A woman, with the same opportunities, would have found out..screeds of useful stuff.
1983 J. Eastland Creative Techniques Marine & Seascape Photogr. i. 10/1 I don't want to involve the reader in screeds of data showing the differences between models currently available.
1992 P. Greenaway in R. Koval One to One 175 When Prospero repopulates his island he does so with a huge screed of people, young and old, masculine and feminine.
2004 J. Colgan Do you remember First Time? ii. 31 You watch everyone else consume vast screeds of booze and nosh you've paid for but can't partake in.

Compounds

C1. General attributive (in sense 4), as screed board, screed rail, screed strip, etc.
ΚΠ
1887 Proc. Assoc. Munic. & Sanitary Engineers & Surveyors 13 198 This was done by laying the concrete in 12-feet bays and in alternate bays, and filling up the screed space with fine concrete.
1908 H. N. Ogden Sewer Constr. xviii. 272 If the ground is stable there need be no forms for the invert, only frames for the screed boards every 8 feet.
1915 Engin. News 6 May 852/2 The asphalt membrane was then cut loose from the flooring screed strips, whereupon the latter were easily removed.
1949 A. G. Geeson Gen. Building Repairs (ed. 11) I. vi. 335 By moving the screed board with a slight tamping motion, the surface will be slightly roughened.
1963 Biz (Fairfield, New S. Wales) 20 Nov. 11/1 The method is to prepare screed rails as is the usual practice.
1993 Collins Compl. DIY Man. (new ed.) iii. 175/3 Apply top-coat rendering about 6mm (¼in) thick, either freehand or with the aid of screed battens as before.
2002 P. Raines Simple Stonescaping iv. 38/2 Footings are best leveled with screed boards.
C2.
screed coat n. Plastering and Building (now rare) a layer of plaster, concrete, etc., spread to form an even surface using screeds; = sense 4c.
ΚΠ
1864 Q. A. Gilmore Pract. Treat. Limes, Hydraul. Cements, & Mortars (Papers Pract. Engin. U.S. Engin. Dept. No. 9) vi. 212 Plastering in two coats is done either in a ‘laying coat and set’, or in a ‘screed coat and set’. The screed coat is also called the floated coat.
1919 Architecture Dec. 347/2 The cinder fill was given a screed coat of cement mortar one inch thick to level it off.
1991 D. D. A. Piésold Civil Engin. Pract. i. x. 47 This wood was..bonded to a cement or screed coat which provided the smooth and level finish necessary on the basic structural concrete floor.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

screedn.2

Brit. /skriːd/, U.S. /skrid/, Scottish English /skrid/, Irish English /skriːd/
Forms: 1600s scried, 1700s– screed, 1800s skreed.
Origin: Probably an imitative or expressive formation.
Etymology: Probably imitative. Compare later screed v.2 and discussion at that entry.This word has also been interpreted as a specific use of screed n.1, reflecting the sound of tearing; however, both this word and screed v.2 are attested earlier than either screed n.1 2 or screed v.1 1b(a), suggesting that this association is probably secondary.
Scottish and Irish English (northern).
A loud, harsh, screeching noise as of something ripping or scraping. Also (and earliest) in humorous or ironic use: a tune or note played on the fiddle, pipe, or bagpipes. Cf. screed n.1 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > unpleasant quality > harsh or discordant quality > [noun] > scratching or scraping
scraping1561
scrabbling1582
screed?a1669
scratching1776
scratch1787
scritch-scratch1842
scrooping1849
scroopa1859
scrattling1861
scritch-scratching1881
scrape1886
scritch1953
?a1669 R. Sempill Life & Death Piper of Kilbarchan (?1698) (single sheet) He gart his pipe when he did play, Both skirl and skried.
1789 D. Davidson Thoughts Seasons 4 He..sploiting, strikes the stane his grany hit, Wi' pistol screed, shot frae his gorlin doup.
1805 J. Nicol Poems II. 12 Their cudgels brandish'd 'boon their heads, In air their banners soarin, Their horns emittin martial screeds.
1864 M. Reid Cliff-climbers ix. 58 The cotton fabric..gave way with a loud ‘screed’.
1953 M. Traynor Eng. Dial. Donegal 246/1 Screed,..a shrill sound; esp. in phr. a screed of or on the fiddle.
2002 R. Taylor House inside Waves iii. 32 One of the old vets played a haunting screed on the bagpipes.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

screedv.1

Brit. /skriːd/, U.S. /skrid/
Forms: Middle English screde, Middle English y-scredde (past participle), 1700s– screed; Scottish 1700s skreed, 1800s skreege, 1800s skreet, 1900s skreedge, 1900s– screid.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Partly formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: shred v.; screed n.1
Etymology: Originally a variant of shred v. (compare the discussion of initial scr- at S n.1); in later use also partly < screed n.1
1.
†a. transitive. To chop or cut up (food). Obsolete.
ΚΠ
a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 5 (MED) Take oynonys and screde hem in to or þre.
a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 30 (MED) Take Applys & pare hem an smal screde hem in mossellys.
b.
(a) transitive. Scottish, English regional (northern), and Irish English (northern). To tear, rip, shred; to cut. Also with off.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > tearing or tearing apart > tear [verb (transitive)] > tear apart
to-loukc890
to-braidc893
to-tearc893
to-teec893
to-rendc950
to-breakc1200
to-tugc1220
to-lima1225
rivea1250
to-drawa1250
to-tosea1250
drawa1300
rendc1300
to-rit13..
to-rivec1300
to-tusec1300
rakea1325
renta1325
to-pullc1330
to-tightc1330
tirec1374
halea1398
lacerate?a1425
to-renta1425
yryve1426
raga1450
to pull to (or in) piecesc1450
ravec1450
discerp1483
pluck1526
rip1530
decerp1531
rift1534
dilaniate1535
rochec1540
rack1549
teasea1550
berend1577
distract1585
ream1587
distrain1590
unrive1592
unseam1592
outrive1598
divulse1602
dilacerate1604
harrow1604
tatter1608
mammocka1616
uprentc1620
divell1628
divellicate1638
seam-rend1647
proscind1659
skail1768
screeda1785
spret1832
to tear to shreds1837
ribbon1897
a1785 There came Ghost to Helens Bower f. 2, in Thomas Percy Papers, 1753–85 (Harvard Univ. Houghton Libr. MS Eng 893 II. 125.b) And out he took a little Pen Knife, And he screeded the winding sheet.
1873 J. Brown Round Table Club 375 I hae skreetit yer goon.
1894 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words (at cited word) Screed off that piece o' flannen.
1896 L. Proudlock Borderland Muse 164 I' faith, had they a chance they'd screed Ilk ither's neck.
1953 M. Traynor Eng. Dial. Donegal 246/1 Screed,..to tear a piece off anything.
1988 W. A. D. Riach Galloway Gloss. 38 Screed, to tear apart.
(b) intransitive. Scottish. To become ripped; to split, tear.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > tearing or tearing apart > tear [verb (intransitive)]
renda1325
racec1390
sundera1393
shearc1450
ruska1525
rent1526
tear1526
to go abroad1568
raga1642
spalt1731
screeda1801
a1801 R. Gall Poems & Songs (1819) 68 Whan she begoud to crack her creed, I've seen our chafts maist like to screed.
1817 W. Scott Rob Roy III. iv. 95 Had I been in ony o' your rotten French camlets now, or your drap-de-berries, it would hae screeded like an auld rag wi' sic a weight as mine.
1844 W. Watt Comus & Cupid (ed. 2) 13 They worry'd, till kytes were like to screed, 'Mang flagons and flasks o' gravy, O.
1925 C. P. Slater Marget Pow 49 The paper screeded up the middle.
1983 W. L. Lorimer & R. L. C. Lorimer New Test. in Scots Matt. xxvii. 58 At that same maument the courtain o the Temple screidit in twa frae the tap tae the boddom.
2. transitive. Scottish. With off, away. To read or relate fluently or at length; to recite fluently from memory; to reel off. Also (and in earliest use) figurative. Sc. National Dict. (at cited word) records this sense as still in use in Shetland, Fife, Lothian, and Wigtownshire in 1969.
ΚΠ
1773 R. Fergusson Poems 103 Sing then, how, on the fourth of June, Our bells screed aff a loyal tune.
1776 C. Keith Farmer's Ha' 7 Auld farrant tales he skreeds awa'.
1839 J. Ballantine in Whistle-Binkie 2nd Ser. 5 There's nae Carritch question, nor auld Scottish sang, But the loun screeds ye aff in the true lowlant twang.
1851 W. Anderson Rhymes 171 The saum, an' the chapter, an' questions were got, An' we screedit them aff like a parrot by rote.
1946 J. C. Forgan Maistly 'Muchty 19 His forte was bothy ballads a' maistly long and prosy, He'd screed them aff, nor miss a word till listeners a' grew dozy.
3. transitive. Plastering and (in later use) Building. To level (a layer of plaster, concrete, or similar building material) using two or more guides and a straight edge; to scrape a straight edge over (a layer of plaster, concrete, etc.) in this process; cf. screed n.1 4a, 4b. Also: to spread (concrete, etc.) as part of a floor surface; cf. screed n.1 4c.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > surfacing or cladding > clad or cover [verb (transitive)] > level by means of screed
screed1854
to screed off1895
1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 205 The operation of levelling or screeding the second coat of plaster.
1881 Court of Appeals, Michael Nolan agst. Cordelia C. Whitney (N.Y. Court of Appeals) 31 I did not find that the plastering had been screeded as I would screed it; not as I would do it first class.
1949 A. G. Geeson Gen. Building Repairs (ed. 11) I. vi. 333 The surface is finished by screeding it with a straightedge.
1970 Daily Tel. 5 June (Colour Suppl.) 35 Concrete can also be screeded to floors in old houses.
2005 APT Bull. 36 7/2 (caption) Concrete has been placed in the edge-beam forms but has not been screeded.

Phrasal verbs

With adverbs in specialized senses.† to screed in
Building. Obsolete.
transitive. To surround (an architectural feature such as a door or window frame) with a layer of mortar or plaster (cf. screed n.1 4c).
ΚΠ
1878 Brit. Architect & Northern Engineer 13 Sept. 104/2 Frames, bed and point.—State if screeded in.
1898 F. W. Macey Specif. in Detail 63 Hair mortar in brickwork is only used for screeding in door and window frames.
1907 H. Adams Building Constr. 168/2 The bedding of window frames in mortar to prevent draughts is sometimes called ‘screeding them in’.
 to screed off
Plastering and Building.
transitive. To scrape a straight edge or rule over (plaster, concrete, etc.) in order to spread it into an even layer. Also: to take off (excess plaster, concrete, etc.) by means of a straight edge. Cf. sense 3.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > surfacing or cladding > clad or cover [verb (transitive)] > level by means of screed
screed1854
to screed off1895
1895 H. P. Boulnois Constr. Carriageways & Footways 135 When the mould is full the water appears on the surface, and the concrete is ‘screeded’ off to a level and even face.
1949 K. S. Woods Rural Crafts Eng. iv. xi. 180 The plaster was laid on very evenly, and then ‘screeded off’ with a long straight-edge known as a ‘screeding-rule’.
1950 N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. Jan. 58/3 The surplus mix [of concrete] being screeded off with a straight-edge.
2013 P. Scheckel Homeowner's Energy Handbk. 71 (caption) After the excess material is screeded off, the insulation is allowed to air-dry, then the wall is ready for finishing.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

screedv.2

Brit. /skriːd/, U.S. /skrid/, Scottish English /skrid/, Irish English /skriːd/
Forms: 1600s–1700s scride, 1700s skreed, 1700s skride, 1800s– screed.
Origin: Probably an imitative or expressive formation.
Etymology: Probably imitative. Compare earlier screed n.2 and discussion at that entry. Compare screak v., skreigh v., screech v., etc.
Scottish and Irish English (northern). Now rare.
1. intransitive. To make a loud, harsh, screeching noise as of something ripping or scraping. Also (frequently humorous or ironic): to play on the fiddle, pipe, or bagpipes.
ΚΠ
c1690 [implied in: c1690 in Roxburghe Ballads (1888) VI. 608 What? shall my Viol silent be, or leave her wonted Scriding?].
1706 Epit. Sonny Briggs in J. Watson Choice Coll. Scots Poems i. 38 It made me Yelp, and Yeul, and Yell, And Skirl and Skreed.
1773 R. Fergusson Poems 115 At glomin now the bagpipe's dumb,..Sae sweetly as it wont to bum, And Pibrachs skreed.
a1779 D. Graham Coll. Writings (1883) II. 162 A better violer never scrided on a silken cord.
a1810 R. Tannahill Poems & Songs (1815) 193 Willie maun fiddle,..And screed till the sweat fa' in beads frae his haffet​.
1835 J. D. Carrick Laird of Logan 264 I heard the bow screeding o'er the strings the noo.
1953 M. Traynor Eng. Dial. Donegal 246/1 Screed,..5. To make a grating or rasping noise.
†2. transitive. To play (a tune or note) on the fiddle, pipe, or bagpipes. Frequently humorous or ironic. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing wind instrument > play wind instrument [verb (transitive)] > play (note on)
blowc1400
sound1806
screed1821
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing stringed instrument > play stringed instrument [verb (transitive)] > play fiddle > play (tune) on
scrape1599
screed1821
1821 J. Hogg Mountain Bard (ed. 3) 339 Nae mair I'll screed the rantin' tune.
1827 W. Tennant Papistry Storm'd 140 Him, as he rode on in the middle, Encompass't men wi' pipe and fiddle..Skrieghin' and screedin' fiddle-diddle.
a1877 W. Chisholm Poems (1879) 51 Be mine, upon my pipe to screed A gleesome ditty when I'm glad.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1c1350n.2?a1669v.1a1450v.2c1690
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