单词 | scraping |
释义 | scrapingn. 1. a. The action of scrape v. in various senses. Also in figurative phrase scrapings of the barrel (see scrape v. 5d). ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > rubbing or friction > [noun] > scratching, scraping, or abrasion clawing1398 razinga1400 scrattinga1400 scrapingc1440 scrape1483 raze1530 rasure1596 rasion1617 scrub1621 scrubbing1622 scrapelet1625 grazing1698 scratch1765 rake1869 the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > [noun] > by scraping rasure1433 scraping1577 dischiseling1652 derasion1684 society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing stringed instrument > [noun] > playing fiddle fiddlingc1450 fiddlery1588 scraping1612 tweetling1850 the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > [noun] > manifestation of respect > bowing, kneeling, or curtseying kneelingc1200 louting1340 inclining?a1425 ducking1539 becking1542 lowingc1600 incurvation1607 couchinga1616 bowing1617 congeeing1622 curtsying1668 bingeing1805 salaaming1816 scraping1836 legging1871 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 450/2 Scrapynge, or schawynge, rasura, abrasio. 1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1189/1 The Abbot of saint Albons sent the boke so disfigured with scrapings & blotting out..vnto the king. 1612 T. Dekker If it be not Good ii. i. 38 Each one sweares (By Orpheus fiddle-case) they will tickle your eares If they can doo 't with scraping. 1641 J. Milton Reason Church-govt. 27 All your learned scraping in antiquity. 1817 W. Scott Rob Roy II. ii. 37 They [the poultry] haud siccan a skarting and scraping in the yard, that there's nae getting a bean or pea keepit for them. 1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. II. 296 Here the scraping [i.e. bowing] was renewed. 1842 R. Browning Pied Piper of Hamelin in Bells & Pomegranates No. III: Dramatic Lyrics iv Only a scraping of shoes on the mat. 1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. (1856) x. 72 The scraping of my pen over the paper. 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. IV. 430 It is better to treat each focus independently by scraping or by the excision of a wedge. 1959 Listener 22 Jan. 154/1 I think Bill Slim was a very great man, because he made do with practically the scrapings of the barrels. b. The noise produced by drawing something roughly over a surface. †Also, the action of expressing disapproval of a speaker by shuffling the feet (see scrape v. 7d). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > unpleasant quality > harsh or discordant quality > [noun] > scratching or scraping scraping1561 scrabbling1582 screed?a1669 scratching1776 scratch1787 scritch-scratch1842 scrooping1849 scroopa1859 scrattling1861 scritch-scratching1881 scrape1886 scritch1953 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > [noun] > expression of disapproval > by sounds or exclamations hootinga1225 hissingc1384 fie?1550 acclamation1602 hiss1602 hoot1612 catcall1749 catcallingc1781 scraping1785 sibilation1822 the big bird1825 boo hoo1825 booing1830 Kentish fire1834 boo-hooing1865 boo1884 slow handclap1904 tutting1929 slow handclapping1932 slow clap1937 1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer i. sig. K.iiv Then was there hard a great scraping of fete in the floore. 1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue Scraping, a mode of expressing dislike to a person or sermon, practised at Oxford by the students, in scraping their feet against the ground during the preachment. a1801 G. Wakefield Mem. (1804) I. 94 A comical incident..respecting that scraping of the Proctor, Mr. Wilgress, whilst preaching. 1894 H. Caine Manxman 436 There was the scraping of a chair behind the speaker. 1897 ‘A. Hope’ Phroso (1905) xvii. 327 The scraping of men's limbs and the rasping of cloth on the rock. 2. plural. concrete. That which is scraped off, up, or together. Rarely singular. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a fragment > a) scraping(s) or shaving(s) shavingc1386 rasurea1400 razing?a1425 scrapings1511 rasing1552 scaling1651 ramentum1658 raments1670 abrasion1684 scrapeage1851 1511–12 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1902) IV. 321 The scrapenis of certane giltin weschele. ?1553 Respublica (1952) i. i. 4 The fliettance, the scrapinges,..The skimmynges, the gubbins of booties and praies. 1575 G. Gascoigne Flowers in Posies 33 Catche, snatche, and scratche for scrapings and for crommes. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 391 The scraping of the inward parts of his own hooues beaten into powder and mingled with wine. 1679 Philos. Trans. 1677 (Royal Soc.) 12 1063 A fourth sort we have which we call Scrapings, that is a course sort of Salt..that cleaves to the tops of the sides of the Phats. 1730 J. Swift Lady's Dressing-room 40 The Bason takes whatever comes, The Scrapings from her Teeth and Gums. 1790 Speechly Culture Vine 33 The dust and scrapings from roads. 1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 2nd Ser. 12 The apprentice..thinking of..the miseries of thin milk and water, and thick bread and scrapings. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 704 The microscopic examination of scrapings reveals at once their [sc. certain diseases'] characteristic fungi. Compounds C1. General attributive. scraping-iron n. ΚΠ 1717 Protestant Merc. 16 Aug. 4 The Tree..scraped on the Bark, as if it had been done with a Scraping-Iron or Addice. 1906 Daily Chron. 16 Feb. 6/6 The pressure of the scraping-iron used by the workman was sufficient to knock a huge hole in the vessel. scraping-knife n. ΚΠ a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Jer. xxxvi. 23 He kutte it with a scraping knife of the scribe. 1662 J. A. Comenius Janua Linguarum Trilinguis 87 A Butcher..scalds swine all over first with hot water, and scrapes them with a scraping knife. 1852 C. Morfit Art of Tanning, Currying, & Leather-dressing (1853) 166 For removing the hair, the scraping-knife alone must be used. scraping machine n. ΚΠ 1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 588/1 A horse scraping machine which delivers the mud at the side is also used, the blades of the scrapers being mounted obliquely. scraping-plane n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > shaping tools or equipment > plane > [noun] > other planes rabat1440 long plane1665 strike-block1678 mitre plane1688 straight block1812 ice plane1823 side fillister1841 upright1842 scraping-plane1846 sun plane1846 beading plane1858 bead-plane1858 fluting-plane1864 panel plane1873 badger plane1874 shooting-plane1875 whisk1875 block planea1884 scraper-plane1895 chariot plane1909 shoulder plane1935 1846 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. II. 483 This tool is called a scraping plane, and is used for scraping the ivory keys of piano-fortes, and works inlaid with ivory, brass, and hardwoods. scraping-tool n. ΚΠ 1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Escoplo A scraping toole, a plaine for a carpenter. C2. scraping-ground n. a place where deer scrape or rub the velvet off their antlers. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > male > [noun] > body and parts > antler > skin covering > action of rubbing off > place or object used for fraying-stock1575 fraying-post1677 scraping-ground1877 1877 C. Hallock Sportsman's Gazetteer 89 The lordly bucks begin their nocturnal rambles over their favourite runways and scraping-grounds. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022). scrapingadj. 1. That scrapes, in various senses of the verb scrape v. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > servility > [adjective] go-by-ground?a1300 thrall1398 abjectc1430 manly?c1430 servicious1440 serviceable1483 servile1537 tame1563 slavish1565 demiss1572 submissive1572 cringing1579 fawning1585 incrouching?1593 vassal1594 scraping1599 obsequious1602 spaniel1606 observing1609 deprostrate1610 supplea1616 vernile1623 shrugging1629 wormy1640 compliable1641 thrall-like1641 obeisant1642 inservient1646 truckling1656 cringeling1693 benecking1705 subservient1714 footman-like1776 bingeing1805 sidling1821 toadying1863 crawlsome1904 toadyish1909 crawling1941 ass-kissing1942 the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > servile flattery or currying favour > [adjective] fikingc1230 papelarda1500 gnathonical1540 clawing1574 pickthank1575 slavering1575 claw-back1577 courting1580 fawning1585 adulatory1587 insinuating1592 insinuative1592 scraping1599 adulatorious1612 men-pleasing1615 pickthanking1621 sycophantical1632 gnathonic1637 insinuanta1639 sycophantizing1640 ingratiating1642 led1672 sycophanting1674 sycophantly1680 sycophanta1684 sycophantica1698 pickthankly1702 assiduous1725 foot-licking1786 tuft-hunting1789 sycophantish1821 favour-currying1831 bootlicking1849 toadying1863 creepy-crawly1890 slauming1904 toadyish1909 ass-licking1940 ass-kissing1942 brown-nosing1946 arse-licking1950 sucky1991 society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing stringed instrument > [adjective] > playing fiddle fiddlinga1586 scraping1824 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > unpleasant quality > harsh or discordant quality > [adjective] > scratching or scraping raspish1847 scraping1879 scratchy1889 scrapy1890 scritchy1951 1599 1st Pt. Return fr. Parnassus Prol. 2 That scrapinge legg, that dopping curtisie. 1790 R. Burns Let. 8 Aug. (2003) II. 45 A quality rather rare in compliments of these grinning, bowing, scraping times. 1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet III. vi. 189 The blind scraping scoundrel [sc. a fiddler]. 1879 Organ Voicing 17 A scraping or chiffing noise is sometimes heard accompanying a note. 1890 H. G. Dakyns in tr. Xenophon Wks. I. Introd. 121 (note) Scraping courtiers and nodding satellites. 2. esp. Money-grubbing, miserly. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [adjective] > miserly gnedy?c1225 miserable1484 misera1500 muckeringa1525 pinchpence1540 snudging1553 pinchpenny1582 miserly1593 mising1595 scraping1597 chuff-penny1603 wretched1652 nabalitic1653 skinflint1737 nippit1808 Scrooge-like1976 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II v. iii. 67 He shall spend mine honour, with his shame, As thriftles sonnes, their scraping Fathers gold. View more context for this quotation a1618 W. Raleigh Prerogatiue Parl. (1628) 27 The Duke of Lancaster was as scraping as shee. 1733 H. Fielding Miser (London ed.) iii. iii. 33 You are never mention'd but by the Names of Covetous, Scraping, Stingy. 1861 G. W. Thornbury Life J. M. W. Turner I. 74 He had always been brought up to be saving and thrifty by the careful scraping old barber, his father. Derivatives ˈscrapingly adv. in a scraping manner. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [adverb] narrowlya1250 feeblyc1290 scarcely1340 straitly1340 strait1390 niggardly?1529 nighly1548 pinchingly1561 close-fisted1575 hard1580 niggishly1580 nearly1591 mincingly1593 costively1598 penuriously1616 neara1625 scantingly1627 parsimoniouslya1634 scrapingly1680 stingily1682 scrimply1690 sneakingly1695 churlishly1875 curmudgeonly1879 skinflintily1899 mingily1958 1680 J. Sharp Serm. on Eccl. iii. 10, 26 That live scrapingly and uncharitably,..all their lives long. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1382adj.1597 |
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