schismn.

Brit.

/ˈsɪz(ə)m/,

/ˈskɪz(ə)m/, U.S.

/ˈs(k)ɪzəm/,

/ˈʃɪzəm/

Forms: Middle English–1600s scisme, Middle English cisme, cissime, Middle English–1500s sisme, sysme, scysme, 1500s scissym, sciseme, cysme, Scottish scisma, 1500s–1600s schisme, 1600s scism, shism, 1600s– schism.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French scisme.

Etymology: Middle English scisme, cisme, sisme, < Old French scisme, cisme (modern French schisme) = Provençal scisma, Spanish cisma, Portuguese scisma (masculine schism, feminine whim), Italian scisma schism, cisma discord, ill-will, < ecclesiastical Latin schisma neuter, < Greek σχίσμα rent, cleft (in the New Testament applied figuratively to division in the church), < σχιδ-, σχίζειν to split, rend.In the 16th cent. the spelling was altered in English (as also in French) to schisme by assimilation to the late Latin and Greek form. O.E.D. Suppl. (1982) comments: ‘The pronunciation (skiz'm) /skɪz(ə)m/, though widely regarded as incorrect, is now frequently used for this word and its derivatives both in the U.K. and in North America.’

1. In the versions of the New Testament, used to represent the Greek σχίσμα in some passages, where the sense is that of a (metaphorical) rent or cleft.

ΚΠ

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Cor. i. 10 I biseche ȝou..that ȝe alle seye the same thing, and that scismes, or dyuysiouns, dissenciouns, or discordis, be not among ȝow.

1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. Pref. Lat na scismes, discord or diuisioun be amangis ȝow.

1582 Bible (Rheims) 1 Cor. xii. 25 That there might be no schisme in the body.

So 1611 ]

2. Ecclesiastical.

a. A breach of the unity of the visible Church; the division, either of the whole Church or of some portion of it, into separate and mutually hostile organizations; the condition of being so divided, or an instance of this. Also transferred with reference to other religious communities.According to the definition given repeatedly in various forms by Augustine and other Fathers, the term has reference to outward separation, not to inward divergence of belief. Hence a ‘schism’ does not necessarily proceed from heresy; indeed the most prominent application of the word is to separations caused by disputes on matters of discipline, the validity of an election to a bishopric or of a sentence of deprivation, or the like.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > dissent > [noun] > division or lack of unity

unoning1340

schism1390

division1393

departmentc1450

rupture1583

secting1598

disunion1601

twine1606

section1639

distermination1647

scission1736

cleavage1867

non-union1909

society > faith > aspects of faith > sectarianism > schism > [noun]

schismacy1387

schism1390

scission1443

segregationa1555

concision1557

scissure1566

formal schism1641

secession1660

1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 15 And so to speke upon this branche, Which proud Envie hath mad to springe, Of Scisme. [The reference is to the Papal schism: see 2b.]

1440 in Wars Eng. in France (1864) II. 453 Goddes chirche [was] supported, and thestate and oonhede thereof observed; scismes, like elles to have growed thereinne, letted and thoo that were growen letted and ceassed.

c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 29 þe seedis of scysmis schuld be tan a wey.

c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 23 The kirk..was all..jn obscuritee of scisme, and of weris.

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) xix. 126 Doutles thy abusione and the sinister ministratione of thy office is the special cause of the scisma and of diuers sectis that trublis al cristianite, & quhou beit that the rute of thir scismes and sectis be in germane denmark and ingland.

1558 Queen Mary I Will in J. M. Stone Hist. Mary I (1901) 508 In the tyme of the late Scisme within this Realme.

a1600 R. Hooker Two Serm. (1614) 18 If they breake the bond of vnitie, whereby the body of the Church is coupled and knit in one,..this is to separate themselues by schisme.

1630 W. Prynne Anti-Arminianisme 175 By which words he doth reiect the Scisme of the Donatists.

1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. iv. 231 Faustus..took up this Conceit; that both the Christians and Jews..were no other than Schisms or Subdivided Sects of Paganism.

1689 W. Popple tr. J. Locke Let. conc. Toleration 61 Schism then..is nothing else but a Separation made in the Communion of the Church, upon account of something in Divine Worship, or Ecclesiastical Discipline, that is not any necessary part of it.

1782 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music II. 46 The schism between the Greek and Latin churches, which happened in the ninth century.

1831 W. Scott Count Robert vii, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. I. 215 In order to compel the Patriarch to submit himself to the Pope, adopt the Latin form of the cross, and put an end to the schism.

b. spec. A state of divided spiritual allegiance in Western Christendom (or, at an earlier period, in Christendom generally) caused by a disputed election to the Papacy; esp. the Great (Western) Schism (1378–1417); other ‘schisms’ arose from the claims of the rivals of Alexander III (1159–1177) and of the antipope Felix V (1432–1448).

ΚΠ

c1460 Brut 507 This yere þe general Counsel of Basile deposed Pope Eugeny; & þei chese Felix..; & þan began þe Scisme which endured vnto þe yere of oure Lord Ihesu Crist M¹ iiij^c xlviij.

a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 70 In his tyme was a scisme betwix him [sc. Symmachus] and on Laurens.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccxxxvi. f. clviii^v The Sisme, y^t after fell amongis the Cardynallys for eleccion of the Pope Alexander the .iii. which Sysme by mean of the first Frederike than Emperoure endured almooste .xx. yeres.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. xxxiiij The long scisme and deuision sprong & continued in the catholike church.

1651 N. Bacon Contin. Hist. Disc. Govt. 57 The Popedome was now under a Schisme, between two Popes, Clement and Urban.

1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. I. viii. 167 The schism of the Papacy between Alexander and Victor.

1845 Encycl. Metrop. XII. 182/1 The death of Gregory was followed by serious difficulty respecting the choice of his successor, which gave rise to the long-continued dissension in the Church, commonly called the Great Western Schism.

1885 Mullinger in Encycl. Brit. XIX. 502/1 The outbreak of the great schism struck no less deeply at those sentiments of veneration and deference which had been wont to gather round the pontiff's chair.

c. The offence of promoting the formation or contributing to the permanence of ‘schisms’ or divisions in the Church or a portion of it; the state of being culpably separated from the Church. Phrase, in schism.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > sectarianism > schism > [noun] > promotion of

schism1402

society > faith > aspects of faith > sectarianism > schism > [noun] > as sin

schism1557

1402 Repl. Friar Topias in Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 41 Now is that seed of cisme sowen in the chirche; the whete fadith with the floure, oure fode is for to feche.

1551 R. Crowley Pleasure & Payne sig. Cii^v You layde to theyr charge herecie Sisme and sedicion also.

1557 R. Pole in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) III. App. lxviii. 254 And for theyr remayninge in Schisme, great Plages of God remayninge styll upon them.

1567 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1846) 3rd Ser. III. 324 That doth not comply with the orders of the Church, lately purged or clensed from Sisme and Idolatry.

c1571 E. Campion Two Bks. Hist. Ireland (1963) i. xii. 44 Thet the only reporte of hys holynes and commyng excited the Scottes, lately christenyd but abyding in schisme.

1662 Bk. Com. Prayer, Litany From all false doctrine, heresy, and schism.

1670 I. Walton Life J. Donne 13 in Lives There could be no such sin as Schism, if an adherence to some visible Church were not necessary.

1689 W. Popple tr. J. Locke Let. conc. Toleration 61 Use, which is the Supream Law in matter of Language, has determined that Heresy relates to Errors in Faith, and Schism to those in Worship or Discipline.

1704 R. Nelson Compan. Festivals & Fasts ii. x. 490 Till our refractoriness degenerates into the grievous Sin of Schism.

1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. iv. 52 The sin of schism..is by no means the object of temporal coercion and punishment.

a1822 P. B. Shelley Peter Bell III Prol. in Poet. Wks. (?1840) 237/1 Shielding from the guilt of schism The orthodoxal syllogism.

1842 Ld. Tennyson Epic in Poems (new ed.) II. 2 I heard The parson..Now harping on the church-commissioners, Now hawking at Geology and schism.

1856 R. A. Vaughan Hours with Mystics (1860) I. 113 And then, despite all heresy and schism, theocracy will flourish.

d. A sect or body formed by division within the Church; a body which, either in Christendom generally or in some portion of it, maintains an ecclesiastical organization distinct from that of the Catholic Church; a schismatic sect.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > religion > a religion or church > [noun]

churcheOE

kirkc1175

spousea1200

lawa1225

lorea1225

religionc1325

faithc1384

sectc1386

seta1387

leara1400

hirselc1480

professiona1513

congregation1526

communion1553

schism1555

segregation1563

sex1583

hortus conclususa1631

confessiona1641

dispensation1643

sectary1651

churchship1675

cult1679

persuasion1732

denomination1746–7

connection1753

covenant1818

sectarism1821

organized religion1843

1555 R. Eden Disc. Vyages Butrigarius & Cabote in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 258 They doo therfore with a more constante mynde perseuer in theyr fyrst fayth..that doo manye of vs beinge diuided into scismes and sectes whiche thynge neuer chaunceth amonge them.

1577 H. I. tr. H. Bullinger 50 Godlie Serm. II. iii. vi. sig. Hh.iij^v/2 Neither Christ nor our saluation is to bee found without the church, in the sects or schismes of wicked heretikes.

1647 J. Howell New Vol. of Lett. 18 Hence comes it that the earth is rent into so many religions, and those religions torn into so many schismes, and various formes of devotion.

1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xxvii. 215 That Church that from the name of a distinct place takes autority to set up a distinct Faith or Government, is a Scism and Faction, not a Church.

1840 T. B. Macaulay Ranke's Hist. in Ess. (1850) II. 143 If a noble lady is moved..she will end by giving her name to a new schism.

1884 Ld. Tennyson Becket i. iii. 49 And that I cannot sign: for that would make Our island-Church a schism from Christendom.

figurative.1640 W. Habington Queene of Arragon iv. i If your designe Be to convert me; for I know you hold All Ladies in a Schisme, who are young and proud.

†e. ? A schismatical opinion. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > sectarianism > schism > [noun] > instance of

schism1644

1644 J. Milton Areopagitica 20 Not to count him fit to print his mind without a tutor and examiner, lest he should drop a scism, or something of corruption.

a. gen. In early use, a state of disunion, dissension, or mutual hostility. Subsequently with more restricted meaning (influenced by sense 2 and the Greek etymology), a division into mutually opposing parties of a body of persons that have previously acted in concert. Also, in later use, a severance of unity, a discord, breach (between persons or things).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > hatred > state of variance or disunion > [noun]

unsaughtnessa1000

unsaughta1122

schismc1425

variancec1425

variationc1485

variety1546

breach1745

strain1884

c1425 J. Lydgate Assembly of Gods 411 The goddys remembryd the scisme odyous Among the three goddesses that she [Discord] had wrought At the fest of Peleus.

c1440 J. Capgrave Life St. Katherine ii. 454 (Arun.) ‘It is ful perillous, he seyde, ‘to be a mayde And eke a qveen; ȝe may be ful sone afrayde If ony rysynge or ony sisme [MS. Rawl. scisme] be sterde.’

c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Add. MS.) xxviii. 196 Where that was cissime and debate amonge any, he labored for to make accorde, that good accorde shold be had.

1447 O. Bokenham Lyvys Seyntys (1835) 36 But whan that cyte [Antioch] wyth scysme was ner nowt Oon Austyn to Tuskayne from thens me [St. Margaret] browt.

1477 Coventry Leet Bk. 420 Eny persone..that haue eny seducious langage, which myght sowe eny sysme betwixt the kynges goode grace and eny his lordez.

1704 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion III. x. 49 But this Schisme carried all the Reputation and Authority to the Army, and left none in the Parliament.

1783 E. Burke Rep. Affairs India in Wks. (1842) II. 216 An open schism instantly divided the Council.

1834 T. B. Macaulay William Pitt in Ess. ⁋10 The schism which had divided the Whig party was now completely healed.

1839 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 45 460 The eternal and inevitable schism between the Romanticists and the Classicists.

1851 M. Hopkins Strength & Beauty xiv. 261 (Funk) It is a prejudice, as disastrous as it is unfounded, that there can be a schism between the heart and the intellect to the advantage of either.

1852 T. Parker Ten Serm. Relig. (1863) iii. 42 Attraction is the most general law in the material world, and prevents a schism in the universe.

a1862 H. T. Buckle Misc. Wks. (1872) I. 252 The schism between literature and the government was aided by another schism between literature and religion.

b. nonce-uses. A faction, party; a set or class of people.

ΚΠ

a1822 P. B. Shelley Peter Bell III ii, in Poet. Wks. (?1840) 239/1 He had on an upper Benjamin (For he was of the driving schism).

a1822 P. B. Shelley Witch of Atlas lxxv, in Posthumous Poems (1824) 54 In a band The jailors sent those of the liberal schism Free through the streets of Memphis.

†4. Music. = schisma n. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > pitch > interval > [noun] > microtones > comma

comma1597

schism1653

schisma1753

syntonic comma1944

1653 Ld. Brouncker tr. R. Descartes Excellent Compend. Musick 30 A certaine Fraction, which may be the difference betwixt a Tone major and a Tone minor, which we nominate a Schism [L. quam schisma nominamus].

1694 W. Holder Treat. Harmony iv. 86 (note) Note, Whenever I mention Diesis without Distinction; I mean Diesis Minor, or Enharmonic: and when I so mention Comma; I mean Comma Majus, or Schism.

5. Used jocularly in the etymological sense: A rent or tear (in a garment).

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > tearing or tearing apart > [noun] > a tear

rent1525

tearing1607

tear1611

rip1673

screed1728

schism1767

skeg1839

snag1854

1767 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy IX. xxiv. 88 My shirts! see what a deadly schism has happen'd amongst 'em.

1773 R. Graves Spiritual Quixote II. vii. viii. 142 He..leveled his needle at the schism in his Master's trowsers.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

schism-sower n.

ΚΠ

c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 139 Therfore the aȝenseiers her of ben to be reiated and rebukid as..scisme sowers and disturblers of the peple.

1589 ‘Marphoreus’ Martins Months Minde To Rdr. sig. D Al such vntractable and seditious scisme sowers.

schism time n.

ΚΠ

c1600 Wriothesley's Chron. Eng. (1875) I. 107 The great studie and stedfastness that he had taken and contynued in all the scysme and division tyme.

C2.

Schism Act n. the statute 13 Anne c. 7 (1714; repealed in 1719 by 5 Geo. I, c. 4), requiring all teachers to conform to the Established Church.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > types of laws > [noun] > concerning religion

Bloody Statutea1648

Five-mile Act1672

Corporation Act1679

test-law1687

Bill of Toleration1692

Test Act1708

Schism Act1733

Schism Bill1733

penal codea1777

Veto Act1835

society > faith > church government > kinds of church government > establishmentarianism > [noun] > requiring teachers to conform

Schism Act1733

Schism Bill1733

1733 Free-Briton No. 200. ⁋6 This was the Act which repealed the Schism-Act.

Schism Bill n.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > types of laws > [noun] > concerning religion

Bloody Statutea1648

Five-mile Act1672

Corporation Act1679

test-law1687

Bill of Toleration1692

Test Act1708

Schism Act1733

Schism Bill1733

penal codea1777

Veto Act1835

society > faith > church government > kinds of church government > establishmentarianism > [noun] > requiring teachers to conform

Schism Act1733

Schism Bill1733

1733 Free-Briton No. 200. ⁋1 The Schism-Bill.

1814 W. Wilson Hist. Dissenting Churches IV. 533 The schism bill received the royal assent June 25, 1714.

schism-house n.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > chapel > [noun] > nonconformist

conventicle?1550

meeting-place1589

meeting1593

meeting house1632

chapel1662

pantile1714

tabernacle1768

gospel-shop?1782

schism-shop1801

bethel1840

schism-house1843

Ebenezer1849

Bethesda1857

Salem1857

praise house1862

1843 E. Miall in Nonconformist 3 607 What the vicar calls ‘schism-houses’.

1893 Church Times 21 July 757/4 In Romish schism-houses in this country.

schism-shop n. a contemptuous term for a nonconformist place of worship (occasionally also applied to a proprietary chapel licensed for Church of England services).

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > chapel > [noun] > nonconformist

conventicle?1550

meeting-place1589

meeting1593

meeting house1632

chapel1662

pantile1714

tabernacle1768

gospel-shop?1782

schism-shop1801

bethel1840

schism-house1843

Ebenezer1849

Bethesda1857

Salem1857

praise house1862

1801 G. Hanger in Life II. 404 You might travel 60 or 70 miles and not see a church, or even a schism-shop.

1823 R. Southey Let. 30 Dec. in C. C. Southey Life & Corr. R. Southey (1850) V. 154 I recollected that in most schism shops the sermon is looked upon as the main thing for which the congregation assemble.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	schism
释义	schismn. Brit. /ˈsɪz(ə)m/, /ˈskɪz(ə)m/, U.S. /ˈs(k)ɪzəm/, /ˈʃɪzəm/ Forms: Middle English–1600s scisme, Middle English cisme, cissime, Middle English–1500s sisme, sysme, scysme, 1500s scissym, sciseme, cysme, Scottish scisma, 1500s–1600s schisme, 1600s scism, shism, 1600s– schism. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French scisme. Etymology: Middle English scisme, cisme, sisme, < Old French scisme, cisme (modern French schisme) = Provençal scisma, Spanish cisma, Portuguese scisma (masculine schism, feminine whim), Italian scisma schism, cisma discord, ill-will, < ecclesiastical Latin schisma neuter, < Greek σχίσμα rent, cleft (in the New Testament applied figuratively to division in the church), < σχιδ-, σχίζειν to split, rend.In the 16th cent. the spelling was altered in English (as also in French) to schisme by assimilation to the late Latin and Greek form. O.E.D. Suppl. (1982) comments: ‘The pronunciation (skiz'm) /skɪz(ə)m/, though widely regarded as incorrect, is now frequently used for this word and its derivatives both in the U.K. and in North America.’ 1. In the versions of the New Testament, used to represent the Greek σχίσμα in some passages, where the sense is that of a (metaphorical) rent or cleft. ΚΠ c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Cor. i. 10 I biseche ȝou..that ȝe alle seye the same thing, and that scismes, or dyuysiouns, dissenciouns, or discordis, be not among ȝow. 1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. Pref. Lat na scismes, discord or diuisioun be amangis ȝow. 1582 Bible (Rheims) 1 Cor. xii. 25 That there might be no schisme in the body. So 1611 ] 2. Ecclesiastical. a. A breach of the unity of the visible Church; the division, either of the whole Church or of some portion of it, into separate and mutually hostile organizations; the condition of being so divided, or an instance of this. Also transferred with reference to other religious communities.According to the definition given repeatedly in various forms by Augustine and other Fathers, the term has reference to outward separation, not to inward divergence of belief. Hence a ‘schism’ does not necessarily proceed from heresy; indeed the most prominent application of the word is to separations caused by disputes on matters of discipline, the validity of an election to a bishopric or of a sentence of deprivation, or the like. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > [noun] > division or lack of unity unoning1340 schism1390 division1393 departmentc1450 rupture1583 secting1598 disunion1601 twine1606 section1639 distermination1647 scission1736 cleavage1867 non-union1909 society > faith > aspects of faith > sectarianism > schism > [noun] schismacy1387 schism1390 scission1443 segregationa1555 concision1557 scissure1566 formal schism1641 secession1660 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 15 And so to speke upon this branche, Which proud Envie hath mad to springe, Of Scisme. [The reference is to the Papal schism: see 2b.] 1440 in Wars Eng. in France (1864) II. 453 Goddes chirche [was] supported, and thestate and oonhede thereof observed; scismes, like elles to have growed thereinne, letted and thoo that were growen letted and ceassed. c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 29 þe seedis of scysmis schuld be tan a wey. c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 23 The kirk..was all..jn obscuritee of scisme, and of weris. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) xix. 126 Doutles thy abusione and the sinister ministratione of thy office is the special cause of the scisma and of diuers sectis that trublis al cristianite, & quhou beit that the rute of thir scismes and sectis be in germane denmark and ingland. 1558 Queen Mary I Will in J. M. Stone Hist. Mary I (1901) 508 In the tyme of the late Scisme within this Realme. a1600 R. Hooker Two Serm. (1614) 18 If they breake the bond of vnitie, whereby the body of the Church is coupled and knit in one,..this is to separate themselues by schisme. 1630 W. Prynne Anti-Arminianisme 175 By which words he doth reiect the Scisme of the Donatists. 1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. iv. 231 Faustus..took up this Conceit; that both the Christians and Jews..were no other than Schisms or Subdivided Sects of Paganism. 1689 W. Popple tr. J. Locke Let. conc. Toleration 61 Schism then..is nothing else but a Separation made in the Communion of the Church, upon account of something in Divine Worship, or Ecclesiastical Discipline, that is not any necessary part of it. 1782 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music II. 46 The schism between the Greek and Latin churches, which happened in the ninth century. 1831 W. Scott Count Robert vii, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. I. 215 In order to compel the Patriarch to submit himself to the Pope, adopt the Latin form of the cross, and put an end to the schism. b. spec. A state of divided spiritual allegiance in Western Christendom (or, at an earlier period, in Christendom generally) caused by a disputed election to the Papacy; esp. the Great (Western) Schism (1378–1417); other ‘schisms’ arose from the claims of the rivals of Alexander III (1159–1177) and of the antipope Felix V (1432–1448). ΚΠ c1460 Brut 507 This yere þe general Counsel of Basile deposed Pope Eugeny; & þei chese Felix..; & þan began þe Scisme which endured vnto þe yere of oure Lord Ihesu Crist M¹ iiij^c xlviij. a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 70 In his tyme was a scisme betwix him [sc. Symmachus] and on Laurens. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccxxxvi. f. clviii^v The Sisme, y^t after fell amongis the Cardynallys for eleccion of the Pope Alexander the .iii. which Sysme by mean of the first Frederike than Emperoure endured almooste .xx. yeres. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. xxxiiij The long scisme and deuision sprong & continued in the catholike church. 1651 N. Bacon Contin. Hist. Disc. Govt. 57 The Popedome was now under a Schisme, between two Popes, Clement and Urban. 1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. I. viii. 167 The schism of the Papacy between Alexander and Victor. 1845 Encycl. Metrop. XII. 182/1 The death of Gregory was followed by serious difficulty respecting the choice of his successor, which gave rise to the long-continued dissension in the Church, commonly called the Great Western Schism. 1885 Mullinger in Encycl. Brit. XIX. 502/1 The outbreak of the great schism struck no less deeply at those sentiments of veneration and deference which had been wont to gather round the pontiff's chair. c. The offence of promoting the formation or contributing to the permanence of ‘schisms’ or divisions in the Church or a portion of it; the state of being culpably separated from the Church. Phrase, in schism. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > sectarianism > schism > [noun] > promotion of schism1402 society > faith > aspects of faith > sectarianism > schism > [noun] > as sin schism1557 1402 Repl. Friar Topias in Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 41 Now is that seed of cisme sowen in the chirche; the whete fadith with the floure, oure fode is for to feche. 1551 R. Crowley Pleasure & Payne sig. Cii^v You layde to theyr charge herecie Sisme and sedicion also. 1557 R. Pole in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) III. App. lxviii. 254 And for theyr remayninge in Schisme, great Plages of God remayninge styll upon them. 1567 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1846) 3rd Ser. III. 324 That doth not comply with the orders of the Church, lately purged or clensed from Sisme and Idolatry. c1571 E. Campion Two Bks. Hist. Ireland (1963) i. xii. 44 Thet the only reporte of hys holynes and commyng excited the Scottes, lately christenyd but abyding in schisme. 1662 Bk. Com. Prayer, Litany From all false doctrine, heresy, and schism. 1670 I. Walton Life J. Donne 13 in Lives There could be no such sin as Schism, if an adherence to some visible Church were not necessary. 1689 W. Popple tr. J. Locke Let. conc. Toleration 61 Use, which is the Supream Law in matter of Language, has determined that Heresy relates to Errors in Faith, and Schism to those in Worship or Discipline. 1704 R. Nelson Compan. Festivals & Fasts ii. x. 490 Till our refractoriness degenerates into the grievous Sin of Schism. 1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. iv. 52 The sin of schism..is by no means the object of temporal coercion and punishment. a1822 P. B. Shelley Peter Bell III Prol. in Poet. Wks. (?1840) 237/1 Shielding from the guilt of schism The orthodoxal syllogism. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Epic in Poems (new ed.) II. 2 I heard The parson..Now harping on the church-commissioners, Now hawking at Geology and schism. 1856 R. A. Vaughan Hours with Mystics (1860) I. 113 And then, despite all heresy and schism, theocracy will flourish. d. A sect or body formed by division within the Church; a body which, either in Christendom generally or in some portion of it, maintains an ecclesiastical organization distinct from that of the Catholic Church; a schismatic sect. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > religion > a religion or church > [noun] churcheOE kirkc1175 spousea1200 lawa1225 lorea1225 religionc1325 faithc1384 sectc1386 seta1387 leara1400 hirselc1480 professiona1513 congregation1526 communion1553 schism1555 segregation1563 sex1583 hortus conclususa1631 confessiona1641 dispensation1643 sectary1651 churchship1675 cult1679 persuasion1732 denomination1746–7 connection1753 covenant1818 sectarism1821 organized religion1843 1555 R. Eden Disc. Vyages Butrigarius & Cabote in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 258 They doo therfore with a more constante mynde perseuer in theyr fyrst fayth..that doo manye of vs beinge diuided into scismes and sectes whiche thynge neuer chaunceth amonge them. 1577 H. I. tr. H. Bullinger 50 Godlie Serm. II. iii. vi. sig. Hh.iij^v/2 Neither Christ nor our saluation is to bee found without the church, in the sects or schismes of wicked heretikes. 1647 J. Howell New Vol. of Lett. 18 Hence comes it that the earth is rent into so many religions, and those religions torn into so many schismes, and various formes of devotion. 1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xxvii. 215 That Church that from the name of a distinct place takes autority to set up a distinct Faith or Government, is a Scism and Faction, not a Church. 1840 T. B. Macaulay Ranke's Hist. in Ess. (1850) II. 143 If a noble lady is moved..she will end by giving her name to a new schism. 1884 Ld. Tennyson Becket i. iii. 49 And that I cannot sign: for that would make Our island-Church a schism from Christendom. figurative.1640 W. Habington Queene of Arragon iv. i If your designe Be to convert me; for I know you hold All Ladies in a Schisme, who are young and proud. †e. ? A schismatical opinion. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > sectarianism > schism > [noun] > instance of schism1644 1644 J. Milton Areopagitica 20 Not to count him fit to print his mind without a tutor and examiner, lest he should drop a scism, or something of corruption. 3. a. gen. In early use, a state of disunion, dissension, or mutual hostility. Subsequently with more restricted meaning (influenced by sense 2 and the Greek etymology), a division into mutually opposing parties of a body of persons that have previously acted in concert. Also, in later use, a severance of unity, a discord, breach (between persons or things). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > hatred > state of variance or disunion > [noun] unsaughtnessa1000 unsaughta1122 schismc1425 variancec1425 variationc1485 variety1546 breach1745 strain1884 c1425 J. Lydgate Assembly of Gods 411 The goddys remembryd the scisme odyous Among the three goddesses that she [Discord] had wrought At the fest of Peleus. c1440 J. Capgrave Life St. Katherine ii. 454 (Arun.) ‘It is ful perillous, he seyde, ‘to be a mayde And eke a qveen; ȝe may be ful sone afrayde If ony rysynge or ony sisme [MS. Rawl. scisme] be sterde.’ c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Add. MS.) xxviii. 196 Where that was cissime and debate amonge any, he labored for to make accorde, that good accorde shold be had. 1447 O. Bokenham Lyvys Seyntys (1835) 36 But whan that cyte [Antioch] wyth scysme was ner nowt Oon Austyn to Tuskayne from thens me [St. Margaret] browt. 1477 Coventry Leet Bk. 420 Eny persone..that haue eny seducious langage, which myght sowe eny sysme betwixt the kynges goode grace and eny his lordez. 1704 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion III. x. 49 But this Schisme carried all the Reputation and Authority to the Army, and left none in the Parliament. 1783 E. Burke Rep. Affairs India in Wks. (1842) II. 216 An open schism instantly divided the Council. 1834 T. B. Macaulay William Pitt in Ess. ⁋10 The schism which had divided the Whig party was now completely healed. 1839 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 45 460 The eternal and inevitable schism between the Romanticists and the Classicists. 1851 M. Hopkins Strength & Beauty xiv. 261 (Funk) It is a prejudice, as disastrous as it is unfounded, that there can be a schism between the heart and the intellect to the advantage of either. 1852 T. Parker Ten Serm. Relig. (1863) iii. 42 Attraction is the most general law in the material world, and prevents a schism in the universe. a1862 H. T. Buckle Misc. Wks. (1872) I. 252 The schism between literature and the government was aided by another schism between literature and religion. b. nonce-uses. A faction, party; a set or class of people. ΚΠ a1822 P. B. Shelley Peter Bell III ii, in Poet. Wks. (?1840) 239/1 He had on an upper Benjamin (For he was of the driving schism). a1822 P. B. Shelley Witch of Atlas lxxv, in Posthumous Poems (1824) 54 In a band The jailors sent those of the liberal schism Free through the streets of Memphis. †4. Music. = schisma n. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > pitch > interval > [noun] > microtones > comma comma1597 schism1653 schisma1753 syntonic comma1944 1653 Ld. Brouncker tr. R. Descartes Excellent Compend. Musick 30 A certaine Fraction, which may be the difference betwixt a Tone major and a Tone minor, which we nominate a Schism [L. quam schisma nominamus]. 1694 W. Holder Treat. Harmony iv. 86 (note) Note, Whenever I mention Diesis without Distinction; I mean Diesis Minor, or Enharmonic: and when I so mention Comma; I mean Comma Majus, or Schism. 5. Used jocularly in the etymological sense: A rent or tear (in a garment). ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > tearing or tearing apart > [noun] > a tear rent1525 tearing1607 tear1611 rip1673 screed1728 schism1767 skeg1839 snag1854 1767 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy IX. xxiv. 88 My shirts! see what a deadly schism has happen'd amongst 'em. 1773 R. Graves Spiritual Quixote II. vii. viii. 142 He..leveled his needle at the schism in his Master's trowsers. Compounds C1. General attributive. schism-sower n. ΚΠ c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 139 Therfore the aȝenseiers her of ben to be reiated and rebukid as..scisme sowers and disturblers of the peple. 1589 ‘Marphoreus’ Martins Months Minde To Rdr. sig. D Al such vntractable and seditious scisme sowers. schism time n. ΚΠ c1600 Wriothesley's Chron. Eng. (1875) I. 107 The great studie and stedfastness that he had taken and contynued in all the scysme and division tyme. C2. Schism Act n. the statute 13 Anne c. 7 (1714; repealed in 1719 by 5 Geo. I, c. 4), requiring all teachers to conform to the Established Church. ΘΚΠ society > law > types of laws > [noun] > concerning religion Bloody Statutea1648 Five-mile Act1672 Corporation Act1679 test-law1687 Bill of Toleration1692 Test Act1708 Schism Act1733 Schism Bill1733 penal codea1777 Veto Act1835 society > faith > church government > kinds of church government > establishmentarianism > [noun] > requiring teachers to conform Schism Act1733 Schism Bill1733 1733 Free-Briton No. 200. ⁋6 This was the Act which repealed the Schism-Act. Schism Bill n. ΘΚΠ society > law > types of laws > [noun] > concerning religion Bloody Statutea1648 Five-mile Act1672 Corporation Act1679 test-law1687 Bill of Toleration1692 Test Act1708 Schism Act1733 Schism Bill1733 penal codea1777 Veto Act1835 society > faith > church government > kinds of church government > establishmentarianism > [noun] > requiring teachers to conform Schism Act1733 Schism Bill1733 1733 Free-Briton No. 200. ⁋1 The Schism-Bill. 1814 W. Wilson Hist. Dissenting Churches IV. 533 The schism bill received the royal assent June 25, 1714. schism-house n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > chapel > [noun] > nonconformist conventicle?1550 meeting-place1589 meeting1593 meeting house1632 chapel1662 pantile1714 tabernacle1768 gospel-shop?1782 schism-shop1801 bethel1840 schism-house1843 Ebenezer1849 Bethesda1857 Salem1857 praise house1862 1843 E. Miall in Nonconformist 3 607 What the vicar calls ‘schism-houses’. 1893 Church Times 21 July 757/4 In Romish schism-houses in this country. schism-shop n. a contemptuous term for a nonconformist place of worship (occasionally also applied to a proprietary chapel licensed for Church of England services). ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > chapel > [noun] > nonconformist conventicle?1550 meeting-place1589 meeting1593 meeting house1632 chapel1662 pantile1714 tabernacle1768 gospel-shop?1782 schism-shop1801 bethel1840 schism-house1843 Ebenezer1849 Bethesda1857 Salem1857 praise house1862 1801 G. Hanger in Life II. 404 You might travel 60 or 70 miles and not see a church, or even a schism-shop. 1823 R. Southey Let. 30 Dec. in C. C. Southey Life & Corr. R. Southey (1850) V. 154 I recollected that in most schism shops the sermon is looked upon as the main thing for which the congregation assemble. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † schismv. Etymology: < schism n. Obsolete. rare. intransitive. To separate schismatically. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > sectarianism > schism > be or become schismatic [verb (intransitive)] schize1596 schismatize1601 schism1604 secede1755 1604 H. Jacob Reasons 77 He that differeth from the Gospell ioyneth not to the Church, but schismeth from it. 1610 J. Robinson Justif. Separation from Church of Eng. 293 It is necessary that he which thinks it a true church return unto it, from which he hath wickedly schismed. 1645 W. Kiffen in R. Baillie Anabaptism 69 The notorious guilt of schisming from Rome. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < n.c1384v.1604
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schismn.

Compounds

† schismv.