schoolmastern.1
/ˈskuːlˌmɑːstə/, /ˈskuːlˌmastə/, U.S. /ˈskulˌmæstər/ 1. † b. A schoolmistress. Obsolete.In quot. a1500 in a metaphor comparing a woman’s power over her lover to that of a schoolmaster over a pupil.
a. A man who teaches in a school. Cf. master n.1 11, schoolmistress n.1 Now somewhat archaic. †schoolmaster of grammar: a teacher of Latin in a school.
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society > education > teaching > teacher > schoolteacher or schoolmaster > [noun]
schoolmasterc1225
pedagoguea1387
pedanty1573
pedanta1586
dominiea1625
Khoja1625
schoolteachera1691
knight of the grammar1692
boy farmer1869
schoolkeeper1871
faki1872
professor1880
beak1888
schoolie1889
grade teacher1906
master teacher1931
chalk-and-talker1937
sir1955
teach1958
c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Bodl.) (1981) 194 (MED) Þes sondesmon..brohte wið him fifti scolmeistres.
c1380 in Camden Misc. (1924) XIII. 2 (MED) We lefte with the scollemastyr of Ewuellme ij cheuerlettis, ij blanketts, [etc.].
?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 89 (MED) The whiche boke Johannes Lelamour, scole maister of herforde..tournyd in to ynglis.
1480 W. Caxton Descr. Brit. xv. 18 Othir scolemaiestres vse the same way now.
a1525 ( Coventry Leet Bk. (1907) I. 118 Mayster John Pynchard, skolemayster of Grammer, shall haue the place that he duelleth Inne for xl s. ye yere, whyles that he duellithe In hit & holdythe gramer skole hym-self ther-Inne.
a1583 H. Gilbert Queene Elizabethes Achademy (1869) 2 Ffirst, there shalbe one Scholemaister, who shall teache Grammar, both greke and latine.
1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 465 [He and] Robert Maxual baith scuil maisteris.
1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 761 Reginold Bainbrig..head schoolemaster of Applebey.
1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding iii. x. 245 'Twould be a hard Matter, to persuade any one, that the Words which his Father or School-Master..used, signified nothing that really existed in Nature.
1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 204 Every good Schollar is not fitted for a School-master, and that the Art of Teaching is quite different from that of Knowing the Language Taught.
1773 P. V. Fithian Jrnl. 27 Nov. in Jrnl. & Lett. 1773–4 (1965) 25 I was introduced to one Mr Walker..lately a School-master but has quit.
1815 M. Elphinstone Acct. Kingdom Caubul ii. iv. 188 The sum commonly paid to a schoolmaster in Peshawer, is about fifteen pence a-month.
1858 Harper's Mag. Jan. 243/1 Sergeants, schoolmasters, slave-overseers, used the cane freely.
1916 Mod. Philol. 14 87 The well-meant efforts of scores of rule-abiding schoolmasters all over Europe.
1960 C. Day Lewis Buried Day i. 15 The vale of Evesham, where I used to walk when I was a young schoolmaster.
1990 J. Lunn One Hundred Shining Candles 2 The children were seated on benches and stools, listening spellbound. The schoolmaster was talking about Christmas.
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society > education > teaching > teacher > schoolteacher or schoolmaster > [noun] > schoolmistress
schoolmasterc1230
schoolmistress1335
mistress1340
schoolmarm1830
pedagoguette1960
miss1973
c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 216 Ancre ne schal nawt forwurðe scolmeistre. ne turnen ancre hus to childrene scole.
a1500 tr. La Belle Dame sans Mercy (Cambr.) l. 137 in F. J. Furnivall Polit., Relig., & Love Poems (1903) 85 His scole-maister [a1500 Trin. Cambr. scolemaystres] hade siche autoryte, That..Speke couth he nat; but vpon her beaute.
c. A private tutor. In later use often with modifying word, as private schoolmaster, etc. Now historical.
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society > education > teaching > teacher > [noun] > professional teacher > tutor
tutor1398
creancer?1478
governor1485
schoolmaster?1500
under-tutor1699
tutorer1824
coach1848
?1500 Robert the Deuyll sig. A.vi My sone me thynke it necessary and tyme, for me to gete you a wyse scole mayster..to lerne vertues and doctrine.
1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at A A studiis,..a princes schole maister or instructour in learnyng.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) i. i. 94 And for I know she taketh most delight In Musicke, Instruments, and Poetry, Schoolemasters will I keepe within my house, Fit to instruct her youth. View more context for this quotation
1654 T. Gataker Disc. Apol. 45 A yong Scholar, who was then School-master in his Familie.
1714 in Coll. Parl. Deb. Eng. VI. 224 Every person instructing or teaching any youth, in any house or private family, as a Tutor or Schoolmaster, should subscribe before his or their respective Archbishop, Bishop, or Ordinary of the diocese, a declaration or acknowledgement.
1798 A. Barnard in Ld. Lindsay Lives of Lindsays (1849) III. 439 Here was another civil schoolmaster, the tutor of the yonge vrow.
1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days i. iii. 69 Were I a private schoolmaster.
1883 G. Mackenzie Man. Kistna District x. 294 Hasan Ali Khan had..a hereditary family schoolmaster.
1902 Chambers's Cycl. Eng. Lit. (new ed.) I. 155/1 He acted as schoolmaster to the boys brought up in Bishop Gardiner's household.
1992 A. Fisher Day Trips in Delmarva ix. 118 The paper carried advertisements for..private schoolmasters, physicians, clockmakers, and other artisans and professionals.
2. figurative and in extended use.
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1526 Bible (Tyndale) Gal. iii. 24 The lawe was oure scolemaster [Gk. παιδαγωγός, L. paedagogus] vnto the tyme of Christ.
1550 M. Coverdale tr. O. Werdmueller Spyrytuall & Precyouse Pearle vi. sig. Div Therfore the heauenly scholemaister knappeth vs on the fyngers, tyll we apprehende and learne it perfytely.
1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 10 Our countrimen have twice beene schoolemaisters to France. First when they taught the Gaules the discipline of the Druides; and after [etc.].
1678 J. Browne Compl. Disc. Wounds 51 Anatomy..is an excellent Schoolmaster, the which perfectly learneth us to know how the Nerves which are sprinkled about the Face [etc.].
a1797 H. Walpole Wks. (1798) IV. 362 His [sc. Johnson's] works are the antipodes of taste, and he a schoolmaster of truth.
1852 C. W. Hoskyns Talpa (1854) xx. 177 Nature is a schoolmaster that teaches without spelling-books.
1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues IV. 576 The sailors of Salamis became the schoolmasters of Hellas..teaching and habituating the Hellenes not to fear the barbarians at sea.
1921 T. R. Glover Jesus in Experience of Men xiv. 242 If the Law was the schoolmaster that led Israel to Christ, the schoolmaster of Greece was philosophy.
1990 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 22 Nov. 13/3 Germany, said the chancellor of the first unification, should not aspire to be the schoolmaster of Europe.
3. An experienced horse used to train horses or riders on a racecourse or at a riding school.In quot. 1834 perhaps simply a contextual use of sense 2.
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the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by purpose used for > [noun] > for riding > in particular place (miscellaneous) > in riding-school
schoolmaster1834
1834 R. Darvill Treat. Care, Treatm., & Training Eng. Race Horse II. xxiv. 346 As our second best colt has been running as a two-year old so well in public, he will be a tolerably good school-master to try our best colt.
1892 F. T. Warburton Race Horse x. 159 He will soon come to understand what is required, and move off after the ‘schoolmaster’ when called upon.
1938 H. Wynmalen Equitation ix. 40 Moving away from other horses must be taught him. To this end we shall ride him beside another horse, a schoolmaster.
1976 Horse & Hound 10 Dec. 68/4 (advt.) This pony is one of the finest schoolmasters jumping in 12 hands 2 in. classes.
2001 Dressage June 20/4 I decided that to get off to a good start I needed to find someone who might lend me a Grand Prix dressage schoolmaster.
Phrases
the schoolmaster is abroad: education is widespread among the people. Now rare.Sometimes used humorously of a schoolmaster away from home (cf. abroad adv. 4a).
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1828 Ld. Brougham in Times 30 Jan. 3/3 Let the soldier be abroad, in the present age he could do nothing. There was another person abroad... The schoolmaster was abroad..and he trusted more to him, armed with his primer, than he did to the soldier in full military array, for upholding and extending the liberties of his country.
1836 T. C. Haliburton Clockmaker (1837) xv. 88 There was a chap said to me not long ago at Truro, Mr. Slick, this country is rapidly improving, ‘the schoolmaster is abroad now’.
1851 H. Crosby Lands of Moslem 18 When ‘the schoolmaster is abroad’, he should by all means visit Cairo. He would learn principles of teaching which he had never dreamed of in his philosophy.
1870 Notes & Queries 15 Oct. 328/2 Incredible as it may seem to the reader, now that the schoolmaster is abroad, I have heard the mayor of a very considerable town in the South of England make this mistake.
1912 Independent 4 Apr. 713/2 Government grows better, intelligence spreads, the voice of religion is heard, commercial interests assert themselves, and the schoolmaster is abroad.
1982 Country Life 28 Jan. 251/3 Popular education for the newly literate classes when the schoolmaster was abroad in our land.
Compounds
C1. attributive, with the sense ‘of, relating to, or characteristic of a schoolmaster’ (in sense 1a).
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1881 T. Carlyle Reminisc. I. 91 As to my schoolmaster function it was never said that I misdid it much.
1898 Academy 5 Nov. 189/1 Thring was the most original and striking figure in the schoolmaster world of his time.
1910 Smart Set Nov. 37/2 You speak in that schoolmaster tone to her—to Dorothea—to the woman you are going to marry!
1922 B. Pain If Winter Don't iv. 22 Mr. Diggle, who still retained much of his school-master manner, sat at his desk with his back to Sharper.
1967 D. W. Grantham Hoke Smith & Polit. New South i. 12 In later years when he campaigned in Burke County, many inhabitants of that area recalled Smith's schoolmaster days.
1995 B. N. Kumar in R. Culpan & B. N. Kumar Transformation Managem. in Postcommunist Countries 240 Consultants have been unsuccessful in transforming East German enterprises because of their haughty ‘schoolmaster’ attitude.
C2.
schoolmaster student n. now rare a student who is a schoolmaster; spec. (Oxford University) a person who holds a schoolmaster studentship (now historical).
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society > education > learning > learner > college or university student > [noun] > student with scholarship
scholar1593
exhibitioner1679
Rhodes scholar1902
Rhodesian1905
Fulbrighter1953
Rhodes1995
schoolmaster student1997
1878 ‘S. Tytler’ Sc. Firs II. 3 Still more fagged school-master students, prepared to return to homely parish-schools, to notched and ink-stained desks.
1904 M. Forbes Beattie & his Friends i. 6 (note) In order that their absence from school duties might be as short as possible, schoolmaster-students were allowed to take one whole session and four partial sessions of the Divinity course.
1962 Times 20 Nov. 2/2 (advt.) The Schoolmaster Student will reside in College as a member of the Senior Common Room.
1997 G. H. Martin & R. L. Highfield Hist. Merton Coll, Oxf. Pl. 41 (caption) A. R. W. Harrison (warden 1963-69), by G. W. Shield (schoolmaster student).
schoolmaster studentship n. Oxford University (now historical) a funded studentship provided by certain colleges to schoolteachers.
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society > education > educational administration > [noun] > scholarships
scholarship1535
demyship1536
burse1560
exhibition1631
travelling fellowship1694
bursary1733
travelling scholarship1798
studentship1802
Newcastle1832
pupilship1838
Newcastle1845
state scholarship1849
Ireland1861
bursarship1864
schol1888
freeship1893
Rhodes scholarship1902
Fulbright1952
schoolmaster studentship1957
assisted place1977
Rhodes1994
1957 Oxf. Univ. Gaz. 20 June 1142/1 Balliol College Elections. To Schoolmaster Studentships. For Michaelmas Term.
1978 Times Educ. Suppl. 3 Feb. 68/3 (advt.) Merton and St. Peter's Colleges Schoolmaster Studentships 1978/79.
1999 Times (Nexis) 16 July In retirement he also wrote a study of Clarendon, which was largely the product of a schoolmaster studentship at Christ Church, Oxford.
Derivatives
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1881 H. D. Rawnsley Sonnets at Eng. Lakes x. 10 So, in our school-day winter-time, he stood For English school, and true schoolmasterhood.
1887 Spectator 29 Oct. 1452 With no more knowledge of actual schoolmasterhood than such as he had gained in organising the squire's school.
ˈschoolmasterism n. the practice or style of a schoolmaster.
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1861 E. Steere Let. Nov. in Mem. (1888) 400 Dry schoolmasterism is a dreary thing, but dry formal office-saying and Bible-reading is a great deal worse.
1990 A. Ross in P. Mellencamp Logics of Television 151 The schoolmasterism of the original concept has dropped some of its more avuncular features and embraced some of the younger technocrat style.
ˈschoolmasterlike adv. and adj.
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1573 J. Bridges Supremacie Christian Princes 17 Bicause it is not englished in good Englishe, full scholemaster like, he taketh vpon him to expounde the same.
1642 J. Eaton Honey-combe Free Justific. vi. 103 The school-master-like governement began to slacke and cease.
1870 Atlantic Monthly July 48/1 Joseph, it may seem hard and schoolmaster-like in me to say ‘wait!’ yet that is the only word I can say.
1886 12th Ann. Rep. Illinois Dairymen's Assoc. 77 Let us, schoolmasterlike, put it in the form of a problem.
1916 H. B. Sprague Stud. in Shakespeare iii. 115 He would pick up, schoolmaster-like, that smattering of many languages with which his plays are besprinkled.
1997 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 14 Sept. xiii. 12/3 ‘You should be ashamed of yourself,’ the Mayor said to the elderly man in a schoolmasterlike tone.
ˈschoolmastery adj. = schoolmasterly adj.
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society > education > teaching > teacher > schoolteacher or schoolmaster > [adjective]
pedantic1628
schoolmasterly1654
pedagogal?1764
schoolmasterish1789
pedagoguish1830
schoolmastering1831
schoolmastery1864
schoolteaching1869
Dominical1882
1864 Brit. Controversialist 3rd Ser. 225 Sullivan's ‘Literary Class Book’ is rather too schoolmastery; Hartley's ‘Oratorical Class Book’ is too formal.
1928 Observer 7 Apr. In the earlier days the Staff College did not justify the expectations founded on it. It was unreal, academic, and ‘schoolmastery’.
1992 Economist 2 May 64/3 On the Republican side the schoolmastery Mr Campbell..uses words like ‘heretofore’.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
schoolmastern.2
/ˈskuːlˌmɑːstə/, /ˈskuːlˌmastə/, U.S. /ˈskulˌmæstər/ 1. Any of various fishes that shoal; spec. (more fully schoolmaster snapper) Lutjanus apodus (family Lutjanidae), a yellow-finned, silver to bronze-coloured fish of the subtropical western Atlantic. Cf. schoolmistress n.2
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the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > family Percidae (perches) > [noun] > perca marina
black-tail1735
schoolmaster1735
the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > suborder Percoidei > [noun] > family Lutjanidae (snappers) > member of (snapper)
snapper1697
mangrove snapper1735
red snapper1775
silka1818
sara1837
yelting1873
schoolmaster snapper1876
sea-lawyer1876
silk snapper1876
opakapaka1905
red emperor1936
1735 C. Mortimer in Philos. Trans. 1733–4 (Royal Soc.) 38 316 Perca marina, pinnis branchialibus carens. The School-master.
1815 W. Williams & J. Eagles Jrnl. Llewellin Penrose I. v. 94 I had that kind of food in plenty, and of great variety: such as..cuckold-fish, school-masters, tango, squirrel-fish, [etc.]
1876 G. B. Goode Catal. Fishes Bermudas 55 The School-master Snapper and Silk Snapper of the fishermen probably belong to this genus.
1930 Jrnl. Parasitol. 17 5 The schoolmaster and yellow-tails were killed after 7 days.
1962 Amer. Midland Naturalist 67 388 One schoolmaster snapper was seen on Reef 1 after the hurricane.
2003 St. Petersburg Times (Florida) (Nexis) 18 Aug. 7 c We worked the backwaters for mangrove and schoolmaster snapper, small barracuda and anything else that roams the miles of mangroves.
2. The dominant male or leader of a school of marine mammals (or fishes); esp. a bull whale. Now rare.
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the world > animals > fish > [noun] > shoal > leader of
schoolmaster1839
the world > animals > mammals > order Cetacea (whales) > [noun] > large member of (whale) > group of > leader of
schoolmaster1839
1839 T. Beale Nat. Hist. Sperm Whale 178 The old ‘schoolmaster’ had outwitted those in the boats.
1851 H. Newland Erne 181 Your honour might have landed a school~master [i.e. salmon] with it ten minutes afterwards.
1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick lxxxviii. 438 Now, as the harem of whales is called by the fishermen a school, so is the lord and master of that school technically known as the schoolmaster.
1901 Chatterbox No. 13 99/2 The ‘Schoolmaster’ and leaders were two or three old males.
2010 N. S. Karas Last Whaler xli At first he believed it to be a big bull. A schoolmaster.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
schoolmasterv.
/ˈskuːlˌmɑːstə/, /ˈskuːlˌmastə/, U.S. /ˈskulˌmæstər/ 1. intransitive. To work as a schoolmaster; to teach.
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society > education > teaching > systematic or formal teaching > [verb (intransitive)] > teach in school
to keep (also hold) (a) schoola1393
to teach school1590
schoolmaster1818
1818 Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 7 Mar. 298 Physicians cannot carry on school-mastering conjointly with their professions.
1852 Graham's Mag. Aug. 164/2 So many hundreds of eminent men have begun public life by schoolmastering.
1908 Daily Chron. 18 June 4/6 Carlyle and Edward Irving, who schoolmastered together in the same Kirkcaldy Academy for a couple of years.
1966 Listener 5 May 659/2 Nicholas Urfe is schoolmastering on a Greek island, seeking escape from..an oppressive love affair.
2001 H. Hodgkinson M. E. Durham Introd. p. v My friend..has schoolmastered in the mountains and seen the darker side of existence there.
2. transitive. To act as a schoolmaster to; to instruct, direct, or command in the manner of a schoolmaster. Also intransitive.
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society > authority > control > [verb (transitive)] > direct > as a schoolmaster, sheepdog, or shepherd
shepherda1822
schoolmaster1839
shepherdize1899
sheep-dog1973
1839 Missionary Reg. Sept. 428/2 But the schoolmaster had now been brought out of his usual way of controversy, and could not go on further; so that now he himself was schoolmastered.
1893 G. B. Shaw in Fortn. Rev. Feb. 279 He [sc. Gladstone] so towers above them..that he is able to schoolmaster them into grudging submission.
1935 V. Woolf Diary 4 Sept. (1982) IV. 337 A priggish letter,..in that prigs manual Scrutiny. All they can do is to schoolmaster.
1964 E. Samuels Henry Adams: Major Phase v. 166 He darted a quizzical eye again at cathedrals and châteaux and schoolmastered his eager flock of real and honorary nieces down the halls of the Louvre.
2007 C. Rush Will 365 His bent backside was a butt for the erudite lash of George Buchanan, who schoolmastered him mercilessly.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1c1225
n.21735
v.1818