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单词 scant
释义

scantn.

Brit. /skant/, U.S. /skænt/
Forms: Also Middle English–1600s skant, Middle English–1500s scante, 1500s skaunte.
Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse skamt.
Etymology: < Old Norse skamt (neuter adjective used absol.): see scant adj.
Obsolete exc. dialect.
1. Scanty supply; dearth, scarcity.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [noun] > state of being limited in amount > scarcity, dearth, or deficient supply of anything
littleOE
dear cheapc1325
dearth1340
scanta1350
scantityc1386
scarcenessa1387
scarcitya1400
chertea1420
penury?a1425
poverty?1440
penuritya1500
geason1509
carity1530
scantness1543
famishment1569
fewty1596
famine1611
stint1651
grutch1815
a1350 S. Andrew 274 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1881) 7 When þai saw it skarsli spring, þan hopid þai to haue skant of corn And of fruyt.
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. iii. 33 Yit of mete and of drynk Haue we veray skant.
?1567 M. Parker Whole Psalter xxiii. 53 How can I want: or suffer scant, whan he defendth my side?
1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 273 The King buskit him sone, with scant of Squyary.
a1599 R. Rollock Serm. (1616) xiii. 255 There is no want nor scant of mercy in Him.
1640 T. Carew Poems 5 Like the Ant In plenty hoord for time of scant.
1721 A. Ramsay Keitha 77 Hynds and herds whase cheeks bespake nae scant.
1757 J. H. Grose Voy. E.-Indies xv. 360 If there is a scant of wood, or rain intervenes to damp it.
1823 J. Galt Entail I. ix. 66 There was neither scant nor want at his burial.
†2. Want, need, requirement. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > necessity > condition of being necessary > need or want > [noun]
tharf735
needOE
misterc1385
opportunity?a1475
suffrete1481
needing?a1513
scantc1550
want1551
necessitude1839
c1550 Songs & Poems Costume (Percy) 82 With meate before the set, Suffise but nature's scant.
†3. Nautical. The action of scant v.; the drawing ahead (of wind). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of wind > [noun] > wind as means of propulsion > drawing ahead or unfavourableness
scantness1574
scant1595
scanting1625
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > wind with reference to direction > change of direction > specific
scant1595
veering1611
backing1686
westing1834
1595 Drake's Voy. (1849) 19 The scant of winde we had on Wednesday.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

scantadj.adv.

Brit. /skant/, U.S. /skænt/
Forms: Middle English–1700s skant, Middle English skantt, ( schante, 1500s skaunte), Middle English–1500s scante, skante, Middle English– scant.
Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse skamt.
Etymology: < Old Norse skamt, neuter of skamm-r short, brief (= Old High German scamm ). For the retention of the neuter ending compare thwart n.1 and quart adj. See also scant n.
Now mainly archaic or literary.
A. adj.
1.
a. Existing or available in inadequate or barely sufficient amount, quantity, or degree; stinted in measure, not abundant. Said of commodities, esp. provisions; also of immaterial things, actions, qualities, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [adjective] > limited in quantity or amount > not abundant
scanta1400
thin1508
rare1584
thin-sown1590
scanty1674
infrequenta1682
bare-boned1828
sparse1871
a1400 Minor Poems from Vernon MS 501 He wrot so faste til þat he want, For his parchemyn-skin was so scant, To speken þei hedde such space.
1428 in Surtees Misc. (1890) 3 Iren waxed skant and dere.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 530 Thei lyueden streitli and in scant mete and drinke.
1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid i. Prol. 307 Thocht in my translatioun eloquence skant is.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxxxv If vrgent necessitie should expostulate, he wer of scant abilitie, to conscribe and set furthe a newe armie.
?1552 Certayne Causes Decaye Eng. sig. Aiij The more shepe the skanter is the whit meate.
a1625 J. Fletcher Rule a Wife (1640) iii. 39 She had but a scant fame.
1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. i. 29 Deuotion waxed scant amongst the Christians.
1636 T. Heywood Challenge for Beautie iii. sig. F They are full of large promises outward, but lin'd with narrow and scant-performance within.
1714 M. Prior Viceroy xiv By which provisions were so scant, That hundreds there did die.
a1771 T. Gray tr. Dante in Wks. (1884) I. 158 What scant Light That grim and antique Tower admitted.
1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian vii, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. I. 194 Doctor, my breath is growing as scant as a broken-winded piper's.
1843 G. Borrow Bible in Spain III. v. 90 In the country money is rather scant.
1879 F. W. Farrar Life & Work St. Paul I. vi. xix. 348 The notices of this part of their journey are scant.
b. Preceding a noun without article or other qualifying word: Very little, less than enough.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > smallness of quantity, amount, or degree > [adjective] > not much/hardly any
littleeOE
smalla1350
scant1852
bugger-all1948
the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [adjective] > less than enough or very little (of something)
low?a1475
meagre1809
scant1852
1852 C. Dickens Let. 22 July (1988) VI. 721 You do scant justice to Dover.
1855 M. Arnold Balder Dead ii. 90 Scant space that warder left for passers by.
1898 H. R. Haggard Dr. Therne 7 This country is too full; there is scant room for the individual.
†c. Limited in numbers, numerically rare. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > plurality > fewness > [adjective] > rare
scarce1398
dainty?a1500
rare1555
scant1581
few and far between1668
few and far between1668
spare1813
thin on the ground1951
1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) ii. 55 b Philosophers and Oratours, who are very scant in the world.
†d. to come scant of: to fall short of. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > not do [verb (transitive)] > leave undone or fail to carry out > not fulfil
falsify1598
to come scant of1607
disfulfil1818
1607 T. Dekker & J. Webster North-ward Hoe i. sig. A2 True, but yet it comes scant of the Prophesy; Lincolne was, London is, and Yorke shall-be.
2.
a. Of a quantity or amount of anything: Limited, stinted; not full, large, or copious.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [adjective] > limited in quantity or amount
narrowOE
poor?c1225
scarce1297
straitc1386
feeblea1513
scant1556
niggardly1564
slender1564
limited1590
scanted1594
sparing1602
scantled1604
stinted1629
exiguous1630
unlavished1635
scanty1658
unprofuse1727
costivea1734
incopious1734
niggard1751
jimp1768
skimped1839
stingy1854
restricted1856
niggard-measured1881
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being special or restricted in application > quality of being restricted or limited > [adjective]
narroweOE
restraint1445
modifiedc1485
limitate1541
restricteda1550
strait-laced1549
scant1556
circumcised1561
contract1561
restrained1578
determinate1586
limited1590
restrict1597
strict1597
confined1605
determineda1616
limitary1620
prescript1645
modificated1646
circumscribed1647
conscribed1654
limitated1654
reserved1654
coarctated1655
straiteneda1665
unabsolute1694
stinted1710
bounded1711
contracted1711
cramped1741
special1815
municipal1856
fine-cut1894
stingy1927
society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restriction or limitation > [adjective] > restricted or limited
narroweOE
restraint1445
modifiedc1485
limitate1541
restricteda1550
scant1556
contract1561
limited1590
confined1605
limitary1620
prescript1645
modificated1646
circumscribed1647
limitated1654
reserved1654
coarctated1655
unabsolute1694
bounded1711
contracted1711
cramped1741
crimped1828
stingy1927
1556 W. Lauder Compend. Tractate Dewtie of Kyngis sig. B2v Than can ȝe, be no maner want Gold, thocht ȝour pose, wer neuer sa skant.
1611 Bible (King James) Micah vi. 10 The scant measure that is abominable. View more context for this quotation
a1627 R. Barnfield Ode in Poems (1882) 121 But if store of Crownes be scant, No man will supply thy want.
1628 R. Sanderson Two Serm. Paules-Crosse i. 64 Many others, that haue a scanter portion.
1637 J. Milton Comus 11 In such a scant allowance of starre light.
1766 O. Goldsmith Ballad [the Hermit] in Vicar of Wakefield I. viii. 70 And tho' my portion is but scant, I give it with good will.
1885 Manch. Examiner 16 May 6/1 The attendance..was..so scant as to suggest that many members must have anticipated the holiday.
1891 F. Thompson Sister-songs (1895) 19 And of her own scant pittance did she give, That I might eat and live.
b. Barely amounting to, or hardly reaching (a specified number or amount). Chiefly U.S.; cf. A. 1b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > smallness of quantity, amount, or degree > [adjective] > bare or mere
barec1200
scarce1297
mere1547
single1639
bare-weighta1763
scant1856
just1884
1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. II. vi. 70 We have just a scant two day's allowance of meat for the sick.
1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. (at cited word) Being just short of the measure specified: often with the indefinite article even with a plural noun; as, a scant half-hour; a scant five yards.
3. Limited in extent; not wide or spacious.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > [adjective] > confined, restricted, or insufficiently spacious
narroweOE
straitc1290
unwidea1400
scanta1533
angust1540
roomless1548
pinched?1567
niggard1595
strict1598
straitened1602
pinching1607
incommodious1615
incapacious1635
over-strait1645
straiteninga1652
cramp1786
bottleneck1854
cramped1884
tight1937
claustrophobic1946
claustrophobe1954
the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > smallness > [adjective] > of small or scanty extent
narroweOE
straitc1290
scarce1297
scanta1533
pinched?1567
strict1598
thrifty1601
straitened1602
scanty1701
scrimped?c1716
pookit1818
poky1828
postage-stamp-sized1852
poking1864
boxy1870
pocket handkerchief1910
postage stamp1937
a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. H.vijv Though the realme of Italy was scant, their hertes were grette.
a1639 J. Spottiswood Hist. Church Scotl. (1677) v. 255 By reason of the skant and narrow passage many were killed.
1661 J. Glanvill Vanity of Dogmatizing iv. 31 And lie in as narrow a room as their images take up in our scanter Craniums.
1743 R. Blair Grave 13 The petty Tyrant Of scant Domains Geographer ne'er notic'd.
1863 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea II. ii. xvi. 407 The curt, red shell-jacket he wore was as though it were a world too scant for the strength of the man.
4. Having a scanty or limited supply; poorly furnished. Const. of.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > non-possession > [adjective] > devoid of something > lacking or without > ill-provided with something
barec1220
leana1340
needya1425
matterless1483
deficious1541
scarce of?1541
scanta1595
deficienta1616
strait1662
short of1697
shy1895
low on1904
short on1922
light1936
a1595 Descr. Isles Scotl. in W. Skene Celtic Scotl. (1880) III. App. iii. 436 Quhairthrow thai are scant of fire.
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. ii. 240 Hee's fat and scant of breath. View more context for this quotation
1642 Declar. Lords & Comm. to Gen. Assembly Ch. Scot. 13 You were scant of furniture of this kind your selves.
1789 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 491 But to conclude my silly rhyme, (I'm scant o' verse and scant o' time).
1842 Ld. Tennyson Two Voices in Poems (new ed.) II. 142 'Tis life, whereof our nerves are scant.
1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. II. App. ii. 311 We were scant of fuel.
1879 R. L. Stevenson Trav. with Donkey 72 Cold, naked, and ignoble, scant of wood, scant of heather, scant of life.
5. Deficient or lacking in quality; poor, meagre, not full or rich. Chiefly of immaterial things. Const. in.
ΚΠ
a1631 J. Donne Poems (1633) 279 A single violet transplant, The strength, the colour, and the size, (All which before was poore, and scant) Redoubles still, and multiplies.
1633 G. Herbert True Hymn in Temple iv Whereas if th' heart be moved, Although the verse be somewhat scant, God doth supplie the want.
1850 J. S. Blackie tr. Æschylus Lyrical Dramas I. 26 Hence it spread Not scant in strength, a mighty beard of flame.
†6. Sparing, parsimonious, not liberal. Also in good sense: Chary, not lavish. Const. of. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [adjective]
gnedec900
gripplea1000
fastOE
narrow-hearteda1200
narrow?c1225
straitc1290
chinchc1300
nithinga1325
scarcec1330
clama1340
hard1340
scantc1366
sparingc1386
niggardc1400
chinchy?1406
retentivea1450
niggardousa1492
niggish1519
unliberal1533
pinching1548
dry1552
nigh1555
niggardly1560
churlish1566
squeamish1566
niggardish1567
niggard-like1567
holding1569
spare1577
handfast1578
envious1580
close-handed1585
hard-handed1587
curmudgeonly1590
parsimonious?1591
costive1594
hidebound1598
penny-pinching1600
penurious1600
strait-handed1600
club-fisted1601
dry-fisted1604
fast-handed1605
fast-fingered1607
close-fisted1608
near1611
scanting1613
carkingc1620
illiberal1623
clutch-fisteda1634
hideboundeda1640
clutch-fista1643
clunch-fisted1644
unbounteous1645
hard-fisted1646
purse-bound1652
close1654
stingy1659
tenacious1676
scanty1692
sneaking1696
gripe-handed1698
narrow-souled1699
niggardling1704
snippy1727
unindulgent1742
shabby1766
neargoinga1774
cheesemongering1781
split-farthing1787
save-all1788
picked1790
iron-fisted1794
unhandsome1800
scaly1803
nearbegoing1805
tight1805
nippit1808
nipcheese1819
cumin-splitting1822
partan-handed1823
scrimping1823
scrumptious1823
scrimpy1825
meanly1827
skinny1833
pinchfisted1837
mean1840
tight-fisted1843
screwy1844
stinty1849
cheeseparing1857
skinflinty1886
mouly1904
mingy1911
cheapskate1912
picey1937
tight-assed1961
chintzy1964
tightwad1976
the mind > possession > retaining > sparingness or frugality > [adjective]
sparingc1386
savingc1440
husbandlya1450
husbandlike1542
spareful1565
chary1570
dainty1576
partial1576
spare1577
parsimonious?1591
spary1601
scant1603
wary1605
frugala1616
spare-handed1626
squeasy1628
canny1725
scrimp1728
scrimping1823
sparesome1864
stinting1867
hard-arsed1893
c1366 G. Chaucer A.B.C. 175 Sithe he his merci mesured so large, Be ye not skant.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 442/2 Scant, parcus.
c1550 H. Rhodes Bk. Nurture, For the Wayting Seruaunt 41 Be not to liberall nor to scant, vse measure in eche thing.
1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. iii. 121 In briefe, be more scanter of your maiden presence.
a1627 [see scant-handedness n. at Compounds 2].
a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1955) II. 290 God in his owne behalfe complaines of the scant and penurious Sacrificer.
1640 T. Carew Poems 4 Did the thing for which I sue Onely concerne my selfe, not you..Then had you reason to be scant.
1651 W. Davenant Gondibert ii. i. 2 When Infant Morn..With a scant face peep'd shylie through the East.
7. Nautical. Of wind: Too much ahead, so that the ship has to sail very close. Cf. scant v. 2 (Opposed to large or free.)
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of wind > [adjective] > types of wind for sailing
fairlOE
contraryc1384
favourablec1460
prosperous1555
scant1600
crossa1617
baffling1778
adverse1807
following1839
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [adjective] > unfavourable or contrary > too much ahead
scant1600
1600 E. Blount tr. G. F. di Conestaggio Hist. Uniting Portugall to Castill 276 The winde grew scant [It. scarso] to approch to land.
a1642 W. Monson Naval Tracts (1704) ii. 255/1 We ply into the Bay with a scant Wind.
1793 J. Rennell in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 83 189 Yet the wind, being both scant and light, we could never overcome the tendency of the current.
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Scant, a term applied to the wind when it heads a ship off, so that she will barely lay her course when the yards are very sharp up.
B. adv.
1.
a. Hardly, scarcely; barely. Now dialect (see Eng. Dial. Dict.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > smallness of quantity, amount, or degree > [adverb] > barely, scarcely, only, or just
uneathc1200
scarcely1297
albusyc1325
onlepyc1350
anerly1381
barec1400
scarce1413
scantlyc1440
narrowlyc1450
scant1492
barelya1513
hardly?1532
faintly1544
nakedly1589
just1603
rawly1607
just1627
badly1715
scrimp1756
bare-weighta1763
scrimplya1774
jimp1814
jistc1820
1492 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 660 Hors flesche is of suche a price here that my purce is schante able to bye on hors.
1530 Compend. Olde Treat. sig. A.iiij Other Gospels ben yet in many places of so olde englishe that scant can anye englishe man reade them.
1562 T. Cooper Answere Def. Truth f. 47, in Apol. Priuate Masse I thinke you wyl scant affirme it, although ye be ready to affirme straunge thinges.
1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1618/1 His Lordshippe hymselfe scant with sixeteene horse..returned towards ye passage.
1586 W. Webbe Disc. Eng. Poetrie sig. C.i v He would haue a cast at some wanton and skant comely an Argument.
1592 F. Bacon Wks. (1862) VIII. 198 It was wont to be a token of scant a good liegeman, when the enemy spoiled the country and left any particular mans houses or fields unwasted.
a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Surrey 82 Some who could scant brook the name of Bishop were content to give..him a good Report.
b. qualifying a numeral (which sometimes precedes). Now archaic (? U.S.)
ΚΠ
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) xxiii. 252 And whan thei wil fighte, thei wille schokken hem to gidre in a plomp; that ȝif there be 20000 men, men schalle not wenen, that there be scant 10000.
1466 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 362 The ijde. federbed conteynethe of lengthe iij. Flemyshe stykes, iij. quarters and more, and in brede iij. Flemyshe stykes scant.
1502 Will of Henry Somer (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/13) f. 108v A mast of Corall weyng vjh skant.
1601 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Trauellers Breuiat 42 Of ten thousand rowers..scant the fourth part returneth againe.
1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies iii. iv. 128 They have scant any neede to touch their sailes in the whole voiage.
1724 A. Ramsay Vision in Ever Green I. iv A man..With baird thre quarters skant.
1808 W. Scott Marmion v. xxxiii. 293 Scant three miles the band had rode.
a1849 N. Hawthorne Great Carbuncle in Twice-told Tales While scant a mile above their heads, was that bleak verge where the hills throw off their shaggy mantle of forest trees.
1867 W. D. Howells Ital. Journeys ii. 12 At the rate of five miles scant an hour.
†c. with superfluous negative. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c1400 [see sense B. 1b].
1508 J. Fisher Treat. Penyt. Psalmes sig. nn.i He sholde..not leue scante a dogge.
1515–20 Vox Populi 24 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. III. 269 Thei be not able to feade In theire stable scant a steade.
1552 H. Latimer Serm. Bexterly (1584) 271 Many of vs..are so slouthfull that we will not scant abide one houre to heare the word of God.
1583 L. Mascall tr. Profit. Bk. Spottes & Staines (1588) 39 Warme it over the fire, so that you may not skant suffer your hand therein.
†d. Used with a following when (but, but that) to indicate immediate succession of events. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > newness or novelty > recency > [adverb] > scarcely or only just
uneathc1000
uneathsc1340
scarce1513
scarcely1542
scant1551
now-now1948
1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Ovijv In this worlde a child shal scant be out of his shel, but [etc.].
1575 J. Rolland Treat. Court Venus ii. f. 29 Skant was he vp, quhen at the eird was he.
c1610–15 Life Holie Modwen in C. Horstmann Lives Women Saints (1886) 95 She had scant thrice repeated these wordes, but that the mayd came oute of the water with the booke.
a1718 T. Parnell Fairy Tale 31 But scant he lays him on the floor, When hollow winds remove the door.
†2. Scantily. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [adverb] > scantily or meagrely
feeblyc1290
scarcely1340
scantc1440
scantly1509
daintilya1513
barelya1535
thinly1537
leanly1580
meagrelya1586
starvedly1606
exile1654
scantily1774
skimpingly1853
skimpily1859
stintedly1863
barrenly1877
c1440 Pallad. on Husb. v. 18 And fodder for thi beestes therof make First scant [L. Sed primo parcius præbenda est nouitas pabuli].
a1653 Z. Boyd Zion's Flowers (1855) 153 A heart couragious never breathed scant.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
scant-feathered adj.
ΚΠ
1872 E. Coues Key to N. Amer. Birds 201 Tarsi long, scant-feathered.
C2.
† scant-brain n. Obsolete one lacking in wits.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > person of weak intellect > [noun]
mis-feelinga1382
noddyship?1589
shallow-pate1600
wattle-head1613
insensiblea1618
non-intelligent1628
underhead1643
no conjurer1668
insipid1699
shallow-brains1707
sillytonian1707
inane1710
coof1724
incapable1809
ganache1814
insipidity1822
wanwit1837
opacity1844
stupiditarian1850
scant-brain1864
insensate1877
slowie1901
no-brow1926
1864 A. Leighton Myst. Legends Edinb. (1886) 122 Those scant-brains who deny ghosts.
† scant-handedness n. Obsolete niggardliness.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [noun]
fastship?c1225
scarcenessa1300
scarcity1340
niggardyc1390
nithingheada1400
scarcehead1420
nigonryc1430
niggardship?a1439
pinching1440
straitheadc1450
straitnessc1460
niggard cheap1463
niggardnessc1487
nigonshipa1500
niggardise1502
niggishness1519
niggardliness1556
parsimony1561
illiberality1581
nearness1584
tenacity1586
Euclionism1599
paring1607
servilitya1610
niggeralitya1612
scanting1625
scant-handednessa1627
closefistedness1631
niggardess1632
close-handedness1646
strait-handedness1649
penury1651
unbountifulness1660
parsimoniousness1671
penuriousness1672
stinginess1682
closeness1712
illiberalness1727
meanness1755
cheeseparing1834
scrimping1835
churlishness1846
screwing1848
skinflintism1853
screwiness1856
flint-paring1860
skinflintiness1861
scrimp1864
flint-skinning1873
penny-pinching1895
skimping1898
tight-fistedness1975
a1627 W. Sclater Brief Comm. Malachy (1650) 161 To what cause should we impute the scant-handedness of men professing of Religion, and the fear of God; that they, notwithstanding, should so niggardly contribute?
scant-of-wind adj. causing shortness of breath.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disordered breathing > [adjective] > of breath: short > affected with
windlessa1400
breathlessa1425
short-breathed1470
andless1487
short-windeda1500
short-ended1595
breathed1599
outbreathed1600
strait-winded1601
anhelous1617
anheled1656
anhelant1657
suspirious1657
anhelose1661
blown1674
short-lunged1687
unbreathed1692
puffy1799
puffed1813
scant-of-wind1823
pumped-out1854
winded1883
1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward II. iv. 91 I never love a man better than when I have put my scant-of-wind collar about his neck.
scant o' grace n. Scottish a graceless fellow.
ΚΠ
1718 A. Ramsay Christ's-kirk on Green iii. 29 Your Tippanizing scant o' Grace, Quoth she, gars me gang duddy.
1817 W. Scott Rob Roy III. i. 33 I kenn'd that Scant-o'-grace weel aneugh frae the very outset.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

scantv.

Brit. /skant/, U.S. /skænt/
Forms: Also 1500s–1600s skant.
Etymology: < scant adj.
Now mainly archaic.
I. intransitive.
†1.
a. To become scant or scarce. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > be insufficient [verb (intransitive)] > become scanty or scarce
scant1436
scarcea1500
scarcen1803
to run short1850
1436 Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 189 Allas! fortune begynneth so to stant [read scant?], Or ellis grace, that dede is governaunce.
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xii. l. 35 In Wallace ost so scantyt the wictaill Thai mycht nocht bid no langar till assaill.
1586 T. Bright Treat. Melancholie x. 46 Spirit..is either plentifull, or scanteth; as it hath want, or..nourishment.
1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xxiii. 827/2 Where..they continued till their maintenance beganne to scant.
1624 T. Lushington Resurrect. Serm. (1659) 77 Of these in their order, as the time hath scanted.
†b. To be diminished. Const. of. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > become reduced in size or extent [verb (intransitive)]
narrowOE
waneOE
smallOE
slakec1380
welk1390
fade1398
lessenc1400
minish?a1425
decay1489
adminisha1500
diminish1520
to grow downwards?1523
ungrow1598
scant1607
settlea1642
to run off1765
dwarf1776
comminute1850
downsize1977
1607 Relatyon Discov. River in Trans. Amer. Antiq. Soc. (1860) 4 42 The ryver skants of his breadth two mile before we come to the ilet mentyoned.
2. Nautical. Of the wind: To become unfavourable, to draw too much ahead. Const. upon, with. (Cf. scant adj. 7) ? Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of wind > avail oneself of a wind [verb (intransitive)] > be impeded by wind > of wind: to become unfavourable
scant1599
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > blow (of the wind) [verb (intransitive)] > blow from a particular quarter > change direction > draw too much ahead
scant1599
1599 J. Lok in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. i. 104 About the third watch the winde scanted, so that we bare with the shore.
a1665 K. Digby Jrnl. Voy. to Mediterranean (1868) 15 The wind scanted much vpon vs, so that wee had much adoe to double the point.
1769 [see scanting n. at Derivatives].
1823 W. Scoresby Jrnl. Voy. Northern Whale-fishery 392 The wind declined and scanted during the night, so that we could not fetch our port.
II. transitive.
3.
a. To furnish (a person, etc.) with an inadequate supply; to stint or limit in respect of provision; to put or keep on short allowance. In passive, to be restricted in the matter of supply, to be straitened (for). ? Obsolete (cf. 3b).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > keep ill-supplied
to hold or keep (a person) shortc1425
strait1513
scant1565
starve1570
scantle1581
shorten1599
scant1600
scant1607
short1620
straiten1627
famish1667
limit1670
scrimp1691
under-furnish1694
stint1722
the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > be niggardly of [verb (transitive)] > treat in niggardly manner
princhea1393
pinch1557
scantle1581
scant1607
shavea1610
niggarda1616
churl1696
nickel-and-dime1913
1607 S. Hieron Good Fight in Wks. (1620) I. 230 They are neither scanted for victuals, nor straitened for lodging.
1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida iv. v. 46 He..skants vs with a single famisht kisse. View more context for this quotation
1613 F. Robartes Revenue of Gospel 135 These wil be glad to scant the Minister, that they may haue the more for their owne luxurie.
1626 F. Bacon New Atlantis 17 [He] bad us not to scant our selves; For he would procure such time as wee desired.
1702 R. L'Estrange tr. Josephus Jewish Antiq. xiii, in Wks. 365 The Camp was for some short Time, Scanted for Water.
1719 T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth I. 243 The Germans bemoan'd their Condition, Squadrons were scanted, Officers wanted.
b. with of: To put or keep on short allowance of; to keep (one) short of; to abridge or deprive of. In passive, to be in want of, have only a scant supply of, be badly off for. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > non-possession > not have [verb (transitive)] > lack
wantc1175
missa1300
tharnc1300
to fail of1307
lackc1320
fault1377
failc1380
wanea1400
defaultc1425
to want ofc1425
walter1463
fault?1504
to defail of1556
to want for1560
scant1565
inlaik1568
impaira1626
to bate of1633
the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > keep ill-supplied
to hold or keep (a person) shortc1425
strait1513
scant1565
starve1570
scantle1581
shorten1599
scant1600
scant1607
short1620
straiten1627
famish1667
limit1670
scrimp1691
under-furnish1694
stint1722
1565 J. Jewel Replie Hardinges Answeare xvi. 552 M. Harding is muche scanted of good Authorities, when he is thus driuen by Tales, & Fables, to countreuaile the Tradition of the Apostles.
1597 Sir R. Cecil in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. III. 42 A man, whose fortune scants him of meanes to do you service.
1616 R. Cocks Diary (1883) I. 134 They skanted him of victuells.
1670 London Gaz. No. 517/3 The other Yacht happening to be scanted of Water near Flaerding.
1861 R. C. Trench Comm. Epist. 7 Churches Asia 125 This promise..is misunderstood, or at any rate is scanted of its full meaning, unless [etc.].
1878 C. Patmore Amelia 90 She scants me of my right.
1888 Lowell in Evening Post 17 Apr. I..shall not allow myself to be circumscribed and scanted of elbow room.
c. To limit or restrict in (a supply, endowment, etc.). ? Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > keep ill-supplied
to hold or keep (a person) shortc1425
strait1513
scant1565
starve1570
scantle1581
shorten1599
scant1600
scant1607
short1620
straiten1627
famish1667
limit1670
scrimp1691
under-furnish1694
stint1722
1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxi. xvii. 402 In the number of ships especially was Cornelius skanted.
1611 W. Sclater Key (1629) 129 Howsoeuer the Lord hath scanted thee in the things of this life.
1724 P. Williams in Philos. Trans. 1722–3 (Royal Soc.) 32 266 Had I not been scanted in Time.
1788 C. Reeve Exiles I. 190 I was so scanted in my allowance, that I dared not make acquaintance where I had not the power to make suitable returns.
1836 E. W. Lane Acct. Manners & Customs Mod. Egyptians II. xii. 228 Miserable, or unfortunate, or scanted in my sustenance.
†d. with subject a thing. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
1629 J. Gaule Practique Theories Christs Predict. 21 Time would long fayle me, ere the Truth would here scant mee.
1629 J. Gaule Practique Theories Christs Predict. 61 What weake notions straighten our harts? What imperfect sounds and syllables scant our mouths? While we labour to apprehend his Nature, Person, and Acts.
4.
a. To make scant or small; to reduce in size, cut down; to diminish the amount of. ? Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > reduce in size or extent [verb (transitive)]
thinc900
narroweOE
smalleOE
slakea1300
adminisha1325
minisha1382
reduce?c1400
diminish1417
littlea1500
extenuate1555
enstraiten1590
scantle1596
scant1599
bedwarfa1631
epitomize1630
dwarf1638
retrench1640
stunt1659
to take in1700
belittle1785
dwarfify1816
reduct1819
micrify1836
clip1858
downsize1977
the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > reduce in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (transitive)] > curtail
wanea889
dockc1380
bridgec1384
abridgea1393
limita1398
syncopec1412
defalk1475
shortena1535
to cut short?1542
royn1573
retrench1587
curtail1589
retranch1589
lop1594
scantle1596
scant1599
scantelize1611
curtalize1622
defalce1651
detrench1655
barb1657
defalcatea1690
razee1815
detruncate1846
to cut down1857
shave1898
1599 E. Wright Voy. Earle Cvmberland in Certaine Errors Nauigation Heereuppon also our allowance of drinke, which was scant inough before, was yet more scantened, because of the scarcitie thereof in the shippe.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iv. ii. 21 Scant not my Cups. View more context for this quotation
1661 J. Glanvill Vanity of Dogmatizing 120 The wrong end of the Perspective, which scants their dimensions.
1668 H. More Divine Dialogues ii. 221 The Generations of men being not considerably scanted for all these four greedy devourers of them.
1871 J. R. Lowell My Study Windows 92 As the clearing away of the woods scants the streams.
1880 Sat. Rev. No. 1291. 118 He has not hesitated to expand rather than scant the meaning of the original.
1886 Field 13 Feb. 204/2 Having had to scant the printer's bill to the lowest penny.
†b. absol. Cf. scanting adj. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > decrease in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (intransitive)] > make diminutions
scant1570
cant1580
retrench1659
1570 T. Tusser Hundreth Good Pointes Husbandry (new ed.) f. 39 Ill huswifery wanteth with spending to fast, good huswiferye scanteth, the lenger to last.
1611 Bible (King James) 2 Kings iv. 5 Borrow not a few. Marg. Or, scant not.
5. To stint the supply of; to refrain from giving, to withhold; to be niggardly of. Now rare. †to scant out: to dole out sparingly.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > be niggardly of [verb (transitive)]
pinch?1529
to make dainty of (anything)1555
scant1573
the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [verb (transitive)] > stint
scant1573
want1573
underdose1745
skincha1825
stint1838
skimp1879
the mind > possession > giving > distributing or dealing out > distribute or deal out [verb (transitive)] > sparingly or in small quantities
to scant out1573
handful1626
halfpennyworth1676
dole1749
peddle1786
morsel1855
1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 2v This tree..whose fruit to none is scanted, in house nor yet in fyeld.
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear i. 269 You haue obedience scanted . View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) ii. ii. 81 What he hath scanted them in haire, hee hath giuen them in wit. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) ii. iv. 47 Doth like a Miser spoyle his Coat, with scanting A little Cloth. View more context for this quotation
1630 W. Davenant Just Italian v. sig. H3 Th'obedience which I scanted to his life, Vnto his memory I'le strictly pay.
a1641 T. Heywood & W. Rowley Fortune by Land & Sea (1655) i. ii. 8 What age doth scant me In sprightly vigour, Ile make good in wealth.
1689 R. Milward Selden's Table-talk 20 When Constantine became Christian, he so fell in love with the Clergy, that he let them be Judges of all things, but that continued not above three or four Years,..and then..all Jurisdiction belonged to him, and he scanted them out as much as he pleased.
1768 H. Walpole Mysterious Mother (1791) v. i. 74 Oft as they scant obedience to the church.
1846 R. Browning Let. in Lett. R. Browning & E. B. Barrett (1899) I. 392 I cannot undervalue my own treasure and so scant the only tribute of mere gratitude which is in my power to pay.
†6. gen. To confine within narrow bounds, deprive of free scope; to limit, restrict, hedge in.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > restriction of free action > restrict in free action [verb (transitive)]
bindc1200
hamper?a1366
chain1377
coarctc1400
prison?a1425
tether?a1505
fetter1526
imprisona1533
strait1533
swaddle1539
measure1560
shacklea1568
to tie up1570
manacle1577
straitena1586
hopple1586
immew16..
scant1600
cabina1616
criba1616
trammela1616
copse1617
cramp1625
cloister1627
incarcerate1640
hidebind1642
strait-lace1662
perstringe1679
hough-band1688
cabin1780
pin1795
strait jacket1814
peg1832
befetter1837
to tie the hands of1866
corset1935
society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restriction or limitation > restrict or limit [verb (transitive)] > in free action
bind971
hamper?a1366
chain1377
coarctc1400
prison?a1425
tether?a1505
fetter1526
imprisona1533
strait1533
swaddle1539
measure1560
shacklea1568
to tie up1570
manacle1577
straitena1586
hopple1586
immew16..
scant1600
cabina1616
criba1616
trammela1616
copse1617
cramp1625
cloister1627
incarcerate1640
hidebind1642
to box up1659
strait-lace1662
perstringe1679
hough-band1688
cabin1780
pin1795
strait jacket1814
peg1832
befetter1837
to tie the hands of1866
hog-tie1924
corset1935
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice ii. i. 17 If my Father had not scanted me, And hedgd me by his wit to yeeld my selfe. View more context for this quotation
1621 R. Montagu Diatribæ Hist. Tithes 174 If Christ in Melchisedec, shall be so scanted, as to be tyed vnto onely Spoyles.
a1628 J. Preston Treat. Effectual Faith (1637) v. 248 Wee scant God according to our measure; we square Gods mercy according to our owne thoughts.
a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1962) X. 61 Though there be no..imminent danger..of inhibiting or scanting the liberty of the Gospel.
7. To treat slightingly or inadequately; to neglect, do less than justice to. Now chiefly U.S.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > be careless or heedless of [verb (transitive)] > pass over without adequate attention
skip1412
slip1513
to run over ——1577
overtripa1583
scanta1616
slight1620
slur1660
slur1725
a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) i. iii. 267 And heauen defend your good soules that you thinke I will your serious and good businesse scant, For she is with me. View more context for this quotation
1645 J. Fary Gods Severity 27 How are our devotions scanted and slubbered over?
1851 J. M. Neale Mediæval Hymns 101 Letter held by, spirit scanted, Saw the Synagogue supplanted.
1969 New Yorker 6 Sept. 111/1 Several thousand..men were on duty in the streets that day, while, presumably, Securitate was not scanting its duties elsewhere.
1977 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 14 Apr. 5 (advt.) No thinker or movement is dismissed as too radical, no issue is scanted as too controversial.
†8. Nautical. In passive, of a ship: To be impeded by the ‘scanting’ of the wind. Cf. sense 2. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of wind > avail oneself of a wind [verb (intransitive)] > be impeded by wind
scant1555
1555 High Court of Admiralty Exam. x The Pellican being a myle..behind thother shipps was scanted with the wind.

Derivatives

ˈscanting n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [noun]
fastship?c1225
scarcenessa1300
scarcity1340
niggardyc1390
nithingheada1400
scarcehead1420
nigonryc1430
niggardship?a1439
pinching1440
straitheadc1450
straitnessc1460
niggard cheap1463
niggardnessc1487
nigonshipa1500
niggardise1502
niggishness1519
niggardliness1556
parsimony1561
illiberality1581
nearness1584
tenacity1586
Euclionism1599
paring1607
servilitya1610
niggeralitya1612
scanting1625
scant-handednessa1627
closefistedness1631
niggardess1632
close-handedness1646
strait-handedness1649
penury1651
unbountifulness1660
parsimoniousness1671
penuriousness1672
stinginess1682
closeness1712
illiberalness1727
meanness1755
cheeseparing1834
scrimping1835
churlishness1846
screwing1848
skinflintism1853
screwiness1856
flint-paring1860
skinflintiness1861
scrimp1864
flint-skinning1873
penny-pinching1895
skimping1898
tight-fistedness1975
the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [noun] > state of being limited in amount > scarcity, dearth, or deficient supply of anything > action of stinting
scanting1625
stinting1656
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of wind > [noun] > wind as means of propulsion > drawing ahead or unfavourableness
scantness1574
scant1595
scanting1625
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > wind as means of propulsion > too much ahead > condition of
scantness1574
scanting1625
1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes ii. 1696 They sayled for certaine dayes with aforewind till it came upon the skanting.
1631 B. Jonson Staple of Newes ii. i. 25 in Wks. II Your macerating of your body thus With cares, and scantings of your dyet, and rest.
1672 J. Dryden Of Heroique Playes in Conquest Granada i. sig. A3v And therefore, in the scanting of his Images, and design, he comply'd not enough with the greatness and Majesty of an Heroick Poem.
1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Scanting, the variation of the wind by which it becomes unfavourable to a ship's course, after having been fair or large. It is distinguished from a foul wind, as in the former, a ship is still enabled to sail on her course, although her progress is considerably retarded.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.a1350adj.adv.c1366v.1436
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