scalpn.¹

Brit.

/skalp/, U.S.

/skælp/

Forms: Also Middle English–1600s skalp, Middle English–1600s scalpe, 1500s skalpe; (chiefly Scottish) Middle English, 1700s skap, 1500s scawpe, skape, scope, 1600s scop, 1700s–1800s scaup, scawp, 1800s scap.

Origin: Probably a borrowing from early Scandinavian.

Etymology: Northern Middle English scalp ; presumably of Scandinavian origin, though the English senses are not found in any Scandinavian or Germanic language. Compare Old Norse skálp-r sheath, Danish dialect skalp shell, husk, Middle Low German schulpe , scholpe , Middle Dutch schelpe (Dutch schelp ) shell; the sense of these words suggests derivation < Germanic *skal- , *skel- (see scale n.¹), but a Germanic p- suffix is not known. The Italian scalpo , given by Oudin 1540 with the rendering le test , and by Florio 1611 with the rendering ‘scalp’, seems to be of doubtful genuineness. The English word in sense 3 has passed into several European languages: French scalpe, German, Swedish skalp.

a. The top or crown of the head; the skull, cranium. Now only Scottish and northern dialect (scaup, scap).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > [noun]

nolleOE

headOE

topa1225

copc1264

scalpa1300

chiefc1330

crownc1330

jowla1400

poll?a1400

testea1400

ball in the hoodc1400

palleta1425

noddle?1507

costard?1515

nab?1536

neck1560

coxcomb1567

sconce1567

now1568

headpiece1579

mazer1581

mazardc1595

cockcomb1602

costrel1604

cranion1611

pasha1616

noddle pate1622

block1635

cranium1647

sallet1652

poundrel1664

nob1699

crany?1730

knowledge box1755

noodle1762

noggin1769

napper1785

garret1796

pimple1811

knowledge-casket1822

coco1828

cobbra1832

coconut1834

top-piece1838

nut1841

barnet1857

twopenny1859

chump1864

topknot1869

conk1870

masthead1884

filbert1886

bonce1889

crumpet1891

dome1891

roof1897

beanc1905

belfry1907

hat rack1907

melon1907

box1908

lemon1923

loaf1925

pound1933

sconec1945

nana1966

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > top of skull

crownc1275

scalpa1300

calvaria1398

crany1525

crane?1541

cranium1543

brain-cap1812

skull-cap1855

a1300 E.E. Psalter vii. 17 His wiknes in his scalp doune falle.

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xxxiv. 153 Of þe scalpe [v.r. brayn panne] of þe heued he gers make him a coppe.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xvi. 197 Then thi skalp shall I clefe.

a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Trial of Fox l. 1035 in Poems (1981) 43 With brokin skap and bludie cheikis reid.

?1507 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 90 To hede of kyn; bot I wait nought Quis est ille, than I schrew my scawpe.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms lxvii[i]. 21 The God that smyteth his enemies vpon the heades & vpon the hayrie scalpes. [Similarly 1611.]

?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Diij^v What is the skull or scawpe of the heade? Answere. It is that parte of the heade that is full of heare, wherin the anymal membres are conteyned.

1598 J. Stow Suruay of London 270 In digging the foundation of this newe woorke..there were founde more then an hundred scalpes of Oxen, or Kine.

1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iv. i. 63 Take this transformed scalpe, From of the heade of this Athenian swaine.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 124 [Their] hornes..grow..not to their bones or skalps, but to their skin.

16.. Robin Hood & Tanner ix If I get a knop upon the bare scop thou canst as well shite as shoote.

1650 Janua Linguarum Reserata xxiv. §297 If the skull [margin scalp, brainpain] bee one entire bone.

1724 A. Ramsay Vision in Ever Green I. iii To..skonce my skap and shanks frae rain.

1899 J. Lumsden Edinb. Poems & Songs 198 I wat for't sune his Scotch scap reissils.

figurative.1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. F2 Not content to haue the naked scalp of his credit new couered with a false periwig of commendations.

b. The head or skull of a whale exclusive of the lower jaw. (In recent dictionaries.)

a. The integument of the upper part of the head, usually covered with hair and moving freely over the underlying bones.Formerly often †hairy scalp; cf. quot. 1535 at sense 1a. Possibly this Bible phrase (a literal rendering of the Hebrew) may have caused the development of sense 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > top of head > [noun] > scalp

head swardc1430

scalp1616

1616 J. Bullokar Eng. Expositor Scalpe, the haire skinne of the head.

1651 N. Biggs Matæotechnia Medicinæ Praxeωs ⁋259 Those fained vapours..stirre up the tempest of the diseases causation, before they can come to the hairy scalp.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Scalp (pericranion), the skin compassing and covering all the skull.

1676 R. Wiseman Severall Chirurg. Treat. v. ix. 374 The Hairy scalp.

1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Turning-Evil Then take a long sharp Knife and a Hammer, and cut the Scaup two Inches square, and turn it up.

1800 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 3 444 Five or six small spiculæ of bone worked themselves through the scalp, (the wound being healed).

1872 C. Darwin Expression Emotions Man & Animals xiv. 352 The naked scalp of a very young infant reddens from passion.

1894 H. Drummond Lowell Lect. Ascent of Man 117 Every one has met persons who possess the power of moving the whole scalp to and fro.

Phrase.1842 Ld. Tennyson St. Simeon Stylites in Poems (new ed.) II. 53 From scalp to sole one slough and crust of sin.1890 T. De W. Talmage From Manger to Throne 78 Christian infidels..who are from scalp to heel surcharged with unbeliefs.in extended use.1658 Sir T. Browne Garden of Cyrus iii, in Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall 125 He that inquireth into the little bottome of the globe-thistle, may finde that gallant bush arise from a scalpe of like disposure.

b. Heraldry. The skin of the head of an animal.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldic representations of creatures > [noun] > parts of creatures > scalp

scalp1688

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 166/1 The Horns of a Bull fixed upon the curled Skalp..with two Ears, Sable.

1722 A. Nisbet Syst. Heraldry I. ii. iv. 337 The Attirings of a Stag fixed to the Scalp.

c. U.S. The skin from the head of an animal preserved as proof of its death (usually in order to obtain a bounty).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > [noun] > of animal > proof of

scalp1703

1703 Narrangansett Hist. Reg. (1884–5) III. 162 All persons who shall kill any Sheep or Lambs..shall be obliged to carry in the Skalp with Ears of the same.

1843 J. S. Robb Streaks Squatter Life 80 He can git a bonus for wolf scalps.

1890 Stock Grower & Farmer 22 Feb. 3/1 The bounty law must be fixed up so that scalps will be paid for.

1901 L. W. Duncan & C. F. Scott Hist. Allen & Woodson Counties, Kansas 15 [The county board] offered a bounty of twenty~five cents for wolf scalps.

a. The scalp with the hair belonging to it, cut or torn from a person's head as a battle trophy (a practice associated with some North American Indian peoples).

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > victory > [noun] > sign of victory > enemy's head, brain, or scalp

scalp1601

sculp1743

brain ball1841

shrunken head1875

tsantsa1923

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. vii. ii. 154 The former Anthropophagi..whom we have placed about the North pole,..use..to weare the scalpes, haire and all, in steed of..stomachers before their breasts.

1677 W. Hubbard Narr. Troubles with Indians New-Eng. i. 19 Two or three miles further they came up with some Heads, Scalps, and Hands cut off from the bodies of some of the English.

1748 G. Washington Jrnl. 23 Mar. in Writ. (1889) I. 3 We were agreeably surprized at ye sight of thirty odd Indians coming from war with only one scalp.

1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xxvi. 24 The scalps of their enemies formed the costly trappings of their horses.

1817 J. Bradbury Trav. Amer. 42 The dance of the scalp.

1837 W. Irving Adventures Capt. Bonneville I. iv. 76 The chief..had his scalps to show and his battles to recount.

1867 F. Parkman Jesuits in N. Amer. xix. 282 Eleven fresh scalps fluttered in the wind.

b. figurative as the symbol of a victory gained.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > token of victory or supreme excellence > [noun] > token of victory, power, skill, etc. > token of victory of any kind

scalp1759

1759 W. Mason Let. 25 Jan. in T. Gray Corr. (1935) II. 612 Criticks like Indians are proud of the number of scalps they make in a Manuscript.

1828–40 W. Berry Encycl. Her. II. Dymock... Crest..the skalp of a hare, the ears erect sa.

1870 M. D. Conway Earthward Pilgrimage xxiii. 276 The savage creed that wears the scalp of Shelley at its belt.

1902 C. N. Williamson & A. M. Williamson Lightning Conductor 141 If I had been, that girl wouldn't have got back into the house without being proposed to, and having another ‘scalp’ to count, as they say American beauties do.

1928 T. E. Lawrence Lett. (1938) 571 It riles me unbearably to lose my scalp to a lot of fellows round whom I can make rings.

1977 R.A.F. News 11 May 19/1 Convincing wins..for the RAF under-21 hockey team... The Navy provided the first scalp.

4. A wig made to cover a part of the scalp.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > wig > types of > other

Rogerian1597

Gregorian1598

Chedreux1678

vallancy1684

spencer17..

nightcap wig1709

Adonis1734

pigeon wing1753

grizzle1755

tête1756

bag-wig1760

negligent1762

jasey1789

bushel-wig1794

Brutus1798

scalp1802

Brown Georgea1845

sheitel1890

fright wig1904

katsura1908

neck-roll1920

1802 Ann. Reg. 1801 (Otridge ed.) Useful Projects 458/1 William Robinson,..peruke-maker; [Patent] for a method of making perukes and scalps.

1843 W. M. Thackeray Ravenswing i, in Fraser's Mag. Apr. 466/1 Mr. Eglantine, the celebrated perruquier..whose..patent ventilating scalps, are known throughout Europe.

a. A bare piece of rock or stone standing out of water or surrounding vegetation (thus resembling a hairless skull). Scottish and northern dialect (pronounced and often written scaup).

ΚΠ

1721 A. Ramsay Prospect of Plenty 215 (1877) I. 52 Plenty shall cultivate ilk scawp and moor.

1722 Newcastle Courant 1 Sept. (advt.) (E.D.S. 71) The Ship called the John and Margaret,..now lying upon the Scalp against Mr. Jennison's Key, North Shields.

1865 G. Tate in Hist. Berw. Nat. Club (1868) V. 151 On the scalp of the rock where it dips into the hill, four figures are traceable.

1871 Daily News 21 Aug. There there is a bare ‘scaup’ of boulders and scanty turf.

1903 Expositor Jan. 11 The grey argillaceous soil is shallow, stony and constantly interrupted by scalps, ledges and knolls of naked limestone.

b. The cap of a mountain. Chiefly poetic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > hill or mountain > [noun] > summit

knollc888

knapc1000

copc1374

crest?a1400

head?a1425

summit1481

summitya1500

mountain topa1522

hilltop1530

stump1664

scalp1810

bald1838

van1871

dod1878

berg-top1953

1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake iii. 109 Ben-an's grey scalp the accents knew.

1816 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Canto III lxii. 36 The Alps,..whose vast walls Have pinnacled in clouds their snowy scalps.

1848 A. H. Clough Bothie of Toper-na-Fuosich i. 58 The frosty scalp of the Cairn-Gorm.

1875 J. Grant One of Six Hundred III. xxi. 290 When the snows of Christmas whiten the scalps of Largo and the Lomond Hills.

Compounds

C1. (In sense 1.)

scalp-house n. dialect a charnel house.

ΚΠ

1890 Handbk. Lincs. (John Murray) 113 Below is a groined undercroft, known as the ‘scaup (skull-) house’.

C2. (sense 2), as scalp hair, scalp knot, scalp length, scalp-massage, scalp muscle, scalp wound.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > hair > hair of head > lock or locks > [noun]

lockeOE

forelockc1000

hair-lockc1000

earlockOE

foretopc1290

tressc1290

lachterc1375

fuke1483

sidelock1530

proudfallc1540

widow's locka1543

folding1552

fore-bush1591

flake1592

witch knot1598

tuft1603

French lock1614

head-lock1642

witch-lock1682

rat's tail1706

side-curl1749

scalp knot1805

rat-tail1823

straggler1825

scalping-tuft1826

scalp-lock1827

aggravator1835

soap-lock1840

payess1845

stringleta1852

list1859

tresslet1882

drake's tail1938

1805 R. Southey Madoc ii. xvi. 340 On the front it [sc. the spear] met him, and ploughed up The whole scalp-length.

1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick iii. 24 There was no hair on his head..nothing but a small scalp-knot.

1868 C. Darwin in F. Darwin Life & Lett. C. Darwin (1887) III. 99 I believe all anatomists look at the scalp-muscles as a remnant of the Panniculus carnosus.

1879 St. George's Hosp. Rep. 9 237 Forty cases of simple scalp-wounds.

1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II Scalp-tumor, caput succedaneum; cephalhæmatoma.

1930 A. Bennett Imperial Palace xxiii. 143 An electric scalp-massage.

1977 J. Aiken Last Movement vii. 125 I always gave her scalp massage in the evenings..her shaved hair was taking its time about growing back.

C3. (In sense 3.)

scalp-bearer n.

ΚΠ

1878 E. B. Tuttle Border Tales 18 One by one the squaws fell in behind the scalp-bearer.

scalp-dance n.

ΚΠ

1791 J. Long Voy. Indian Interpreter 35 The dances among the Indians are many and various,..[including] the scalp dance.

1837 W. Irving Capt. Bonneville I. iv. 56 They were now bound homewards, to appease the manes of their comrade..and intended to have scalp-dances and other triumphant rejoicings.

1878 E. B. Tuttle Border Tales 17 The weird music of the scalp~dance.

scalp-hunter n.

ΚΠ

1835 R. M. Bird Hawks of Hawk-hollow I. 79 He acquired a singular reputation as a bold and successful scalp-hunter.

1851 M. Reid Scalp Hunters III. vii. 93 Poor Seguin! No wonder, he had been a scalp-hunter.

1937 T. Rattigan French without Tears ii. i. 37 I can't quite see what my novel has got to do with the machinations of a scalp-hunter.

1975 Observer 23 Nov. (Colour Suppl.) 25/3 Once the scalp-hunters get the word that such-and-such a diplomat wants to defect or to become an out-and-out agent they enjoy priority over the sanctifiers and all the other categories of black operations people.

scalp-mark n.

ΚΠ

1866 J. G. Whittier Snow-bound 261 How the Indian hordes came down..And how her own great-uncle bore His cruel scalp-mark to four-score.

scalp-merchant n.

ΚΠ

1795 S. T. Coleridge Conciones ad Populum 46 In America the recent enormities of their Scalp-Merchants.

scalp-trophy n.

C4.

scalp-knife n. = scalping-knife n.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > side arms > knife or dagger > [noun] > types of

anlacec1300

misericord1324

bodkin1386

baselardc1390

popperc1390

wood-knife1426

spudc1440

pavade1477

bistoury1490

skene1527

dudgeon1548

sword dagger1567

machete1575

kris1589

bum dagger1596

stillado1607

stiletto1611

steelet1616

hanjar1621

pisaa1640

jockteleg1642

khanjar1684

bayonet1692

kuttar1696

parazonium1751

skene-ochles1754

scalping-knife1759

snick-a-snee1760

manchette1762

snickersnee1775

guard-dagger1786

boarding knife1807

scalp-knife1807

kukri1811

skene-dhu1811

parang1820

stylet1820

belt knife1831

bowie-knife1836

scalper1837

sheath-knife1837

toothpick1837

tumbok lada1839

snick-and-snee knife1843

tickler1844

bowie1846

toad-sticker1858

simi1860

scramasax1862

kinjal1863

left-hander1869

main gauche1869

aikuchi1875

tanto1885

toad-stabber1885

cinquedea1897

trench knife1898

puukko1925

panga1929

quillon dagger1950

flick-knife1957

ratchet knife1966

sai1973

ratchet1975

1807 J. Barlow Columbiad v. 169 Ax, quiver, scalpknife on the girdle hung.

scalp-lock n. a long lock of hair left on the head (the rest being shaved) by North American Indians as a challenge to their enemies.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > hair > hair of head > lock or locks > [noun]

lockeOE

forelockc1000

hair-lockc1000

earlockOE

foretopc1290

tressc1290

lachterc1375

fuke1483

sidelock1530

proudfallc1540

widow's locka1543

folding1552

fore-bush1591

flake1592

witch knot1598

tuft1603

French lock1614

head-lock1642

witch-lock1682

rat's tail1706

side-curl1749

scalp knot1805

rat-tail1823

straggler1825

scalping-tuft1826

scalp-lock1827

aggravator1835

soap-lock1840

payess1845

stringleta1852

list1859

tresslet1882

drake's tail1938

1827 J. F. Cooper Prairie II. i. 5 His head was shaved to the crown, where a large and gallant scalp-lock seemed fearlessly to challenge the grasp of his enemies.

1877 G. Gibbs Tribes Washington 222 A figure of a man, with a long queue, or scalp-lock, reaching to his heels.

scalp-money n. money paid as a reward for ‘bringing in’ scalps of people or animals.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > payment for labour or service > fee for services rendered > [noun] > payment for capture or return of person or property > others

scalp-money1704

head money1713

bounty1764

straggling-money1815

1704 in G. Sheldon Hist. Deerfield, Mass. (1895) I. 299 That the sum of Sixty Pounds be allowed and Paid to the Petitioners..as Scalp money.

1712 S. Sewall Diary 13 June (1973) II. 691 Council would have had Subsistence and £100 Scalp-money.

scalp ticket n. originally U.S. a ticket sold by a scalper (see scalper n.² 2a).

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > rail travel > [noun] > train ticket > types of

commutation ticket1848

scalp ticket1880

parliamentary ticket1893

contract1899

awayday1972

1880 G. A. Sala Amer. Revisited 201/1 There are ‘round trip’ tickets which are something more than return, tickets; and finally, there are ‘scalp’ tickets, which you can deal in and discount.

1941 S. J. Baker Pop. Dict. Austral. Slang 68 Scalp ticket, the return half of a train ticket.

scalp yell n. a shout celebrating the taking of a scalp.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed encounter > [noun] > battle or a battle > battle-cry or slogan

descryc1450

ensign1487

escry1489

senyea1510

slogan1513

cry1548

larum1555

hubbaboo1596

field wordc1625

celeusma1680

tecbir1708

war-whoop1739

war cry1748

scalp yell1792

banner-cry1810

battle-cry1815

battle-word1815

hurrah1841

rebel yell1862

on-cry1899

1792 H. H. Brackenridge Mod. Chivalry I. v. ii. 113 A warrior..separates it [sc. a scalp] from the head, giving, in the mean time, what is called the scalp yell.

1913 J. London Valley of Moon 465 He drew his finny prize to the bank..with the scalp-yell of a Comanche.

1947 National Geographic Mag. July 108/1 The hundreds of scientists being marshaled there are pioneers more potent than any who fought when war drums rolled along the Mohawk, scalp yells quivered on the valley air, and the frontier was aflame.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

scalpn.²

Brit.

/skalp/, U.S.

/skælp/, Scottish English

/skalp/

Forms: 1500s skap, scawip, skalp, scalfe, scalph, 1600s scap, 1600s, 1800s scaup, 1500s– scalp.

Etymology: Perhaps a specific use of scalp n.¹ (compare sense 5), but the forms with f , ph point to the possibility of a different origin. Compare shelp n.¹

Chiefly Scottish and northern.

A bank providing a bed for shellfish, esp. oysters and mussels; an oyster or mussel bed or colony. (Often mussel-scalp, oyster-scalp.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > section Asiphonida > family Ostreidae > member of (oyster) > oyster bed

scalp?15..

oyster bed1591

oyster bank1612

layer1667

oyster-lay1703

oyster-laying1761

oyster bar1823

laying1837

oyster park1862

oysterage1866

oyster field1868

lay1902

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > section Asiphonida > family Mytilidae > member of (mussel) > mussel bed

mussel beda1450

mussel scalp1496

scalp?15..

mussel bank1634

lay1902

?15.. Aberd. Reg. (Jam.) The scawip of mussillis & kokilliss.

1521 Aberdeen Reg. (1844) I. 98 Nane of the mussillis..now begingin to gader one ane now skap at the northt watter, besyd the Cunningar hillis.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Muskleskalp.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Oyster scalph, ostrifer. [Cf. Elyot Dict., Ostrifer, the place in the sea, whiche is apte to ingender oysters.]

1557 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1897) II. p. lxvii Mussel scalfe.

1587 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1882) 488 To caus brek the swame of the mvssill scalp in the heavin of Leyth.

1593 Minutes of Culross Council To be given to George Bruer for the ancarage and mussel-scalp.

1676 F. Willughby & J. Ray Ornithologiæ iii. 279 Avis hæc the Scaup~duck dicta est, quoniam scalpam [ Ray (1678) 365 Scaup] i.e. pisces testaceos fractos seu contritos esitat.

1793 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. VIII. 461 A scalp of a small kind of mussels.

1862 Macmillan's Mag. Oct. 503 There used to be great battles between the men of Newhaven and the men of Fisherrow, principally about their rights to certain oyster-scalps.

1879 H. Stevenson in R. Lubbock Fauna Norfolk Mem. 15 The sandy flats and mussel-scalps of that portion of the coast.

1882 Standard 26 Sept. 2/1 Boston Deep, which is admirably suited for mussel culture, returns, now that the ‘scalps’ are protected, over 5000l. per annum.

1896 J. H. Crawford Wild Life Scotl. 271 The punt lingered opposite the mud flats, or mussel-scaups exposed by the tide.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† scalpv.¹

Etymology: < Latin scalpĕre.

Obsolete.

transitive. To cut, carve, engrave; to scrape, scratch.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > cutting > cut [verb (transitive)]

snithec725

carvec1000

cutc1275

slitc1275

hag1294

ritc1300

chop1362

slash1382

cut and carvea1398

flash?a1400

flish?a1400

slenda1400

race?a1425

raise?a1425

razea1425

scotch?c1425

ochec1440

slitec1450

ranch?a1525

scorchc1550

scalp1552

mincea1560

rash?1565

beslash1581

fent1589

engrave1590

nick1592

snip1593

carbonado1596

rescide1598

skice1600

entail1601

chip1609

wriggle1612

insecate1623

carbonate1629

carbonade1634

insecta1652

flick1676

sneg1718

snick1728

slot1747

sneck1817

tame1847

bite-

1552 [implied in: R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Scalping yron for a surgeon, scalpellum, scalprum. (Also in later dictionaries.)].

1662 J. Evelyn Sculptura i. 9 With the..stile, we only cut the Vernish, razing, and Scalping as it were, the Superficies of the Plate.

1761 R. Lloyd Epist. to C. Churchill 13 Critics..Shou'd..not unskilful, yet with lordly Air, Read Surgeon's lectures while they scalp and tear.

1802 M. Moore Lascelles II. 23 The points of their swords scalped off their noses.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

scalpv.²

Forms: Also 1600s skulp (?).

Etymology: < scalp n.¹From English are French scalper, German skalpiren, Dutch scalpeeren, Swedish skalpera.

a. transitive. To cut off the scalp of (a person): chiefly said of the North American Indians.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > torture > [verb (transitive)] > scalp

scalp1676

the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > maiming or mutilation > maim or mutilate [verb (transitive)] > scalp

scalp1676

sculp1758

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > criticism > criticize [verb (transitive)] > severely

to be sharp upon1561

crossbite1571

scarify1582

canvass1590

maul1592

slasha1652

fib1665

to be severe on (or upon)1672

scalp1676

to pull to (or in) pieces1703

roast1710

to cut up1762

tomahawk1815

to blow sky-high1819

row1826

excoriate1833

scourge1835

target1837

slate1848

scathe1852

to take apart1880

soak1892

pan1908

burn1914

slam1916

sandbag1919

to put the blast on (someone)1929

to tear down1938

clobber1944

handbag1952

rip1961

monster1976

the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > kill [verb (transitive)] > by beheading > to scalp

scalp1676

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > treat fraudulently, cheat [verb (transitive)]

deceivec1330

defraud1362

falsec1374

abuse?a1439

fraud1563

visure1570

cozen1583

coney-catch1592

to fetch in1592

cheat1597

sell1607

mountebanka1616

dabc1616

nigglea1625

to put it on1625

shuffle1627

cuckold1644

to put a cheat on1649

tonya1652

fourbe1654

imposturea1659

impose1662

slur1664

knap1665

to pass upon (also on)1673

snub1694

ferret1699

nab1706

shool1745

humbug1750

gag1777

gudgeon1787

kid1811

bronze1817

honeyfuggle1829

Yankee1837

middle1863

fuck1866

fake1867

skunk1867

dead-beat1888

gold-brick1893

slicker1897

screw1900

to play it1901

to do in1906

game1907

gaff1934

scalp1939

sucker1939

sheg1943

swizz1961

butt-fuck1979

1676 N. S. New Narr. New-Eng. 14 Laying him for dead, they flead (or skulp'd) his head of skin and hair.

1697 S. Sewall Diary 13 Sept. (1973) I. 377 Indians shot and scalped him about noon.

1754 H. Walpole in World III. 285 The Chippoways and Orundaks are still very troublesome. Last week they scalped one of our Indians.

1867 F. Parkman Jesuits in N. Amer. xix. 281 They sought out the bodies, carefully scalped them, and set out in triumph on their return.

1877 G. Gibbs Tribes Washington 192 None of the western tribes within my observation have pursued the practice of scalping the slain.

absolute.1759 W. Mason Let. 25 Jan. in T. Gray Corr. (1935) II. 612 If you don't let them [sc. critics] scalp they'll do you no service.?1778 Conquerors 61 Whose Indians scalp'd and carry'd desolation..to christian nation.figurative.1849 N. Hawthorne Let. to H. Mann 8 Aug. I shall do my best to kill and scalp him in the public prints.1856 J. F. Ferrier Inst. Metaphysic (ed. 2) xi. ix. 298 Dr. Reid and his followers, instead of scalping a doctrine, have merely tomahawked a word.1939 ‘A. Bridge’ Four-part Setting ii. 16 Henry is plain sailing, of course—he's quite simply scalped... He's always being scalped. It's his own fault—he will chase women so.1973 ‘D. Kyle’ Raft of Swords (1974) x. 99 Calder took a taxi to Heathrow airport. Inevitably he would be scalped on the cab fare.

b. U.S. Political slang.

ΚΠ

1891 Cent. Dict. Scalp,..to destroy the political influence of, or punish for insubordination to party rule.

2. transferred.

a. U.S. (See quot. 1895.)

ΚΠ

1825 J. Lorain Nature in Pract. Husb. 335 The Yankee farmer first chops the fallen timber, then scalps off the grubs level with the ground.

1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. Scalp, to level by cutting off, as the tops of cradle-knolls and the knobs of logs laid in corduroy roads; as, to scalp a road.

b. dialect. To strip off (the turf or upper soil).

ΚΠ

1806 R. Forsyth Beauties Scotl. IV. 524 Unmerciful destroyers of all the grounds around them, scalping and tearing up every bit of better soil.

1866 T. Edmondston Etymol. Gloss. Shetland & Orkney Dial. 97 Scalp; ‘to scalp the land’—to pare off the surface of the soil.

c. Metallurgy. To remove the surface layer of (metal); to remove (the surface) from metal.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > remove surface layer of metal

scalp1922

1922 Brass World & Plater's Guide XVIII. 96 After the slabs are cooled they are sent to the overhauling machines where a thin layer of metal is scalped from the surface.

1922 [implied in: Jrnl. Inst. Metals 28 881 Rolling data for brass and bronze, scalping, annealing, and pickling. (at scalping n.² 2)].

1949 [implied in: J. E. Garside Process & Physical Metall. viii. 123 It is becoming general practice in the case of non-ferrous alloys to subject slabs and billets to a surface machining operation known as ‘scalping’ prior to cold-rolling. (at scalping n.² 2)].

1958 A. D. Merriman Dict. Metall. 305/1 Other methods used to scalp the ingot are by chipping, milling, planing or by means of the oxyacetylene torch.

3. Milling.

a. To separate the ‘hair’ or ‘fuzz’ from (wheat, etc.) by attrition and screening.

ΚΠ

a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 782/2 Scalping (Milling), brushing the hair or fuzz from the ends of wheat grain to prevent its getting into the flour.

b. To separate the different sizes of wheat, etc. from one another by means of sieves or screens.

ΚΠ

1883 K. Neftel Rep. Flour-milling (10th Census U.S.) 16 The wheat is scalped in four reels.

4. Stock Market, etc. To buy at very low rates so as to be able to sell at less than official rates. Also absol.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > deal in stocks and shares [verb (transitive)] > specific operations

subscribe1618

to take up1655

to sell out1721

to take in1721

to take up1740

pool?1780

capitalize1797

put1814

feed1818

to vote (the) stock (or shares)1819

corner1836

to sell short1852

promote1853

recapitalize1856

refund1857

float1865

water1865

margin1870

unload1870

acquire1877

maintain1881

syndicate1882

scalp1886

pyramid1888

underwrite1889

oversubscribe1891

joint-stock1894

wash1895

write1908

mark1911

split1927

marry1931

stag1935

unwind1958

short1959

preplace1966

unitize1970

bed and breakfast1974

index-link1974

warehouse1977

daisy-chain1979

strip1981

greenmail1984

pull1986

1886 Harper's Mag. July 213/2 [The scalper buys] any quantity of grain that may be offered, sells it at an advance of 1/8 cent per bushel, thus scalps the market.

1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 15 Oct. 12/1 A professional speculator, who ‘scalped’ the market on a big scale for a small profit per bushel.

1891 Cent. Dict. (at cited word) To scalp railway-tickets.

1897 Boston Globe 29 Aug. 39/5 The broker himself would be selling the stock at 104 in New York, thereby ‘scalping’ one-fourth and making a handsome profit at no risk.

1902 G. H. Lorimer Lett. Merchant 201 I saw what looked like a safe chance to scalp the market for a couple of cents a bushel.

1948 Sun (Baltimore) 26 Nov. 18/2 The Stadium attendants told me they are the same men..who scalp at other games,..selling 60-cent tickets for $1.

1977 Time 19 Dec. 66/1 The generous benefactor to down-and-out friends wore the same loud waistcoats as the pinchpenny negotiator who scalped outmatched publishers.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

scalpv.³

rare.

= scapple v.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or constructing with stone > build or construct with stone [verb (transitive)] > dress stone

scapple1443

dress1501

broach1544

scabble1620

scalp1725

bed1793

rough-dress1807

hammer-dress1837

scapple-dress1840

scutch1848

1725 J. Webb's Stone-Heng 88 They were scalped [1665 scapled] at the Quarries.

1883 Stonemason Jan. It is then trimmed (or scalped) into shape by men called block-choppers.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2018).

n.¹a1300

n.²?15..

v.¹1552

v.²1676

v.³1725

单词	scalp
释义	scalpn.¹ Brit. /skalp/, U.S. /skælp/ Forms: Also Middle English–1600s skalp, Middle English–1600s scalpe, 1500s skalpe; (chiefly Scottish) Middle English, 1700s skap, 1500s scawpe, skape, scope, 1600s scop, 1700s–1800s scaup, scawp, 1800s scap. Origin: Probably a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymology: Northern Middle English scalp ; presumably of Scandinavian origin, though the English senses are not found in any Scandinavian or Germanic language. Compare Old Norse skálp-r sheath, Danish dialect skalp shell, husk, Middle Low German schulpe , scholpe , Middle Dutch schelpe (Dutch schelp ) shell; the sense of these words suggests derivation < Germanic skal- , skel- (see scale n.¹), but a Germanic p- suffix is not known. The Italian scalpo , given by Oudin 1540 with the rendering le test , and by Florio 1611 with the rendering ‘scalp’, seems to be of doubtful genuineness. The English word in sense 3 has passed into several European languages: French scalpe, German, Swedish skalp. 1. a. The top or crown of the head; the skull, cranium. Now only Scottish and northern dialect (scaup, scap). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > [noun] nolleOE headOE topa1225 copc1264 scalpa1300 chiefc1330 crownc1330 jowla1400 poll?a1400 testea1400 ball in the hoodc1400 palleta1425 noddle?1507 costard?1515 nab?1536 neck1560 coxcomb1567 sconce1567 now1568 headpiece1579 mazer1581 mazardc1595 cockcomb1602 costrel1604 cranion1611 pasha1616 noddle pate1622 block1635 cranium1647 sallet1652 poundrel1664 nob1699 crany?1730 knowledge box1755 noodle1762 noggin1769 napper1785 garret1796 pimple1811 knowledge-casket1822 coco1828 cobbra1832 coconut1834 top-piece1838 nut1841 barnet1857 twopenny1859 chump1864 topknot1869 conk1870 masthead1884 filbert1886 bonce1889 crumpet1891 dome1891 roof1897 beanc1905 belfry1907 hat rack1907 melon1907 box1908 lemon1923 loaf1925 pound1933 sconec1945 nana1966 the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > top of skull crownc1275 scalpa1300 calvaria1398 crany1525 crane?1541 cranium1543 brain-cap1812 skull-cap1855 a1300 E.E. Psalter vii. 17 His wiknes in his scalp doune falle. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xxxiv. 153 Of þe scalpe [v.r. brayn panne] of þe heued he gers make him a coppe. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xvi. 197 Then thi skalp shall I clefe. a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Trial of Fox l. 1035 in Poems (1981) 43 With brokin skap and bludie cheikis reid. ?1507 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 90 To hede of kyn; bot I wait nought Quis est ille, than I schrew my scawpe. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms lxvii[i]. 21 The God that smyteth his enemies vpon the heades & vpon the hayrie scalpes. [Similarly 1611.] ?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Diij^v What is the skull or scawpe of the heade? Answere. It is that parte of the heade that is full of heare, wherin the anymal membres are conteyned. 1598 J. Stow Suruay of London 270 In digging the foundation of this newe woorke..there were founde more then an hundred scalpes of Oxen, or Kine. 1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iv. i. 63 Take this transformed scalpe, From of the heade of this Athenian swaine. View more context for this quotation 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 124 [Their] hornes..grow..not to their bones or skalps, but to their skin. 16.. Robin Hood & Tanner ix If I get a knop upon the bare scop thou canst as well shite as shoote. 1650 Janua Linguarum Reserata xxiv. §297 If the skull [margin scalp, brainpain] bee one entire bone. 1724 A. Ramsay Vision in Ever Green I. iii To..skonce my skap and shanks frae rain. 1899 J. Lumsden Edinb. Poems & Songs 198 I wat for't sune his Scotch scap reissils. figurative.1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. F2 Not content to haue the naked scalp of his credit new couered with a false periwig of commendations. b. The head or skull of a whale exclusive of the lower jaw. (In recent dictionaries.) 2. a. The integument of the upper part of the head, usually covered with hair and moving freely over the underlying bones.Formerly often †hairy scalp; cf. quot. 1535 at sense 1a. Possibly this Bible phrase (a literal rendering of the Hebrew) may have caused the development of sense 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > top of head > [noun] > scalp head swardc1430 scalp1616 1616 J. Bullokar Eng. Expositor Scalpe, the haire skinne of the head. 1651 N. Biggs Matæotechnia Medicinæ Praxeωs ⁋259 Those fained vapours..stirre up the tempest of the diseases causation, before they can come to the hairy scalp. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Scalp (pericranion), the skin compassing and covering all the skull. 1676 R. Wiseman Severall Chirurg. Treat. v. ix. 374 The Hairy scalp. 1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Turning-Evil Then take a long sharp Knife and a Hammer, and cut the Scaup two Inches square, and turn it up. 1800 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 3 444 Five or six small spiculæ of bone worked themselves through the scalp, (the wound being healed). 1872 C. Darwin Expression Emotions Man & Animals xiv. 352 The naked scalp of a very young infant reddens from passion. 1894 H. Drummond Lowell Lect. Ascent of Man 117 Every one has met persons who possess the power of moving the whole scalp to and fro. Phrase.1842 Ld. Tennyson St. Simeon Stylites in Poems (new ed.) II. 53 From scalp to sole one slough and crust of sin.1890 T. De W. Talmage From Manger to Throne 78 Christian infidels..who are from scalp to heel surcharged with unbeliefs.in extended use.1658 Sir T. Browne Garden of Cyrus iii, in Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall 125 He that inquireth into the little bottome of the globe-thistle, may finde that gallant bush arise from a scalpe of like disposure. b. Heraldry. The skin of the head of an animal. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldic representations of creatures > [noun] > parts of creatures > scalp scalp1688 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 166/1 The Horns of a Bull fixed upon the curled Skalp..with two Ears, Sable. 1722 A. Nisbet Syst. Heraldry I. ii. iv. 337 The Attirings of a Stag fixed to the Scalp. c. U.S. The skin from the head of an animal preserved as proof of its death (usually in order to obtain a bounty). ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > [noun] > of animal > proof of scalp1703 1703 Narrangansett Hist. Reg. (1884–5) III. 162 All persons who shall kill any Sheep or Lambs..shall be obliged to carry in the Skalp with Ears of the same. 1843 J. S. Robb Streaks Squatter Life 80 He can git a bonus for wolf scalps. 1890 Stock Grower & Farmer 22 Feb. 3/1 The bounty law must be fixed up so that scalps will be paid for. 1901 L. W. Duncan & C. F. Scott Hist. Allen & Woodson Counties, Kansas 15 [The county board] offered a bounty of twenty~five cents for wolf scalps. 3. a. The scalp with the hair belonging to it, cut or torn from a person's head as a battle trophy (a practice associated with some North American Indian peoples). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > victory > [noun] > sign of victory > enemy's head, brain, or scalp scalp1601 sculp1743 brain ball1841 shrunken head1875 tsantsa1923 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. vii. ii. 154 The former Anthropophagi..whom we have placed about the North pole,..use..to weare the scalpes, haire and all, in steed of..stomachers before their breasts. 1677 W. Hubbard Narr. Troubles with Indians New-Eng. i. 19 Two or three miles further they came up with some Heads, Scalps, and Hands cut off from the bodies of some of the English. 1748 G. Washington Jrnl. 23 Mar. in Writ. (1889) I. 3 We were agreeably surprized at ye sight of thirty odd Indians coming from war with only one scalp. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xxvi. 24 The scalps of their enemies formed the costly trappings of their horses. 1817 J. Bradbury Trav. Amer. 42 The dance of the scalp. 1837 W. Irving Adventures Capt. Bonneville I. iv. 76 The chief..had his scalps to show and his battles to recount. 1867 F. Parkman Jesuits in N. Amer. xix. 282 Eleven fresh scalps fluttered in the wind. b. figurative as the symbol of a victory gained. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > token of victory or supreme excellence > [noun] > token of victory, power, skill, etc. > token of victory of any kind scalp1759 1759 W. Mason Let. 25 Jan. in T. Gray Corr. (1935) II. 612 Criticks like Indians are proud of the number of scalps they make in a Manuscript. 1828–40 W. Berry Encycl. Her. II. Dymock... Crest..the skalp of a hare, the ears erect sa. 1870 M. D. Conway Earthward Pilgrimage xxiii. 276 The savage creed that wears the scalp of Shelley at its belt. 1902 C. N. Williamson & A. M. Williamson Lightning Conductor 141 If I had been, that girl wouldn't have got back into the house without being proposed to, and having another ‘scalp’ to count, as they say American beauties do. 1928 T. E. Lawrence Lett. (1938) 571 It riles me unbearably to lose my scalp to a lot of fellows round whom I can make rings. 1977 R.A.F. News 11 May 19/1 Convincing wins..for the RAF under-21 hockey team... The Navy provided the first scalp. 4. A wig made to cover a part of the scalp. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > wig > types of > other Rogerian1597 Gregorian1598 Chedreux1678 vallancy1684 spencer17.. nightcap wig1709 Adonis1734 pigeon wing1753 grizzle1755 tête1756 bag-wig1760 negligent1762 jasey1789 bushel-wig1794 Brutus1798 scalp1802 Brown Georgea1845 sheitel1890 fright wig1904 katsura1908 neck-roll1920 1802 Ann. Reg. 1801 (Otridge ed.) Useful Projects 458/1 William Robinson,..peruke-maker; [Patent] for a method of making perukes and scalps. 1843 W. M. Thackeray Ravenswing i, in Fraser's Mag. Apr. 466/1 Mr. Eglantine, the celebrated perruquier..whose..patent ventilating scalps, are known throughout Europe. 5. a. A bare piece of rock or stone standing out of water or surrounding vegetation (thus resembling a hairless skull). Scottish and northern dialect (pronounced and often written scaup). ΚΠ 1721 A. Ramsay Prospect of Plenty 215 (1877) I. 52 Plenty shall cultivate ilk scawp and moor. 1722 Newcastle Courant 1 Sept. (advt.) (E.D.S. 71) The Ship called the John and Margaret,..now lying upon the Scalp against Mr. Jennison's Key, North Shields. 1865 G. Tate in Hist. Berw. Nat. Club (1868) V. 151 On the scalp of the rock where it dips into the hill, four figures are traceable. 1871 Daily News 21 Aug. There there is a bare ‘scaup’ of boulders and scanty turf. 1903 Expositor Jan. 11 The grey argillaceous soil is shallow, stony and constantly interrupted by scalps, ledges and knolls of naked limestone. b. The cap of a mountain. Chiefly poetic. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > hill or mountain > [noun] > summit knollc888 knapc1000 copc1374 crest?a1400 head?a1425 summit1481 summitya1500 mountain topa1522 hilltop1530 stump1664 scalp1810 bald1838 van1871 dod1878 berg-top1953 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake iii. 109 Ben-an's grey scalp the accents knew. 1816 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Canto III lxii. 36 The Alps,..whose vast walls Have pinnacled in clouds their snowy scalps. 1848 A. H. Clough Bothie of Toper-na-Fuosich i. 58 The frosty scalp of the Cairn-Gorm. 1875 J. Grant One of Six Hundred III. xxi. 290 When the snows of Christmas whiten the scalps of Largo and the Lomond Hills. Compounds C1. (In sense 1.) scalp-house n. dialect a charnel house. ΚΠ 1890 Handbk. Lincs. (John Murray) 113 Below is a groined undercroft, known as the ‘scaup (skull-) house’. C2. (sense 2), as scalp hair, scalp knot, scalp length, scalp-massage, scalp muscle, scalp wound. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > hair > hair of head > lock or locks > [noun] lockeOE forelockc1000 hair-lockc1000 earlockOE foretopc1290 tressc1290 lachterc1375 fuke1483 sidelock1530 proudfallc1540 widow's locka1543 folding1552 fore-bush1591 flake1592 witch knot1598 tuft1603 French lock1614 head-lock1642 witch-lock1682 rat's tail1706 side-curl1749 scalp knot1805 rat-tail1823 straggler1825 scalping-tuft1826 scalp-lock1827 aggravator1835 soap-lock1840 payess1845 stringleta1852 list1859 tresslet1882 drake's tail1938 1805 R. Southey Madoc ii. xvi. 340 On the front it [sc. the spear] met him, and ploughed up The whole scalp-length. 1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick iii. 24 There was no hair on his head..nothing but a small scalp-knot. 1868 C. Darwin in F. Darwin Life & Lett. C. Darwin (1887) III. 99 I believe all anatomists look at the scalp-muscles as a remnant of the Panniculus carnosus. 1879 St. George's Hosp. Rep. 9 237 Forty cases of simple scalp-wounds. 1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II Scalp-tumor, caput succedaneum; cephalhæmatoma. 1930 A. Bennett Imperial Palace xxiii. 143 An electric scalp-massage. 1977 J. Aiken Last Movement vii. 125 I always gave her scalp massage in the evenings..her shaved hair was taking its time about growing back. C3. (In sense 3.) scalp-bearer n. ΚΠ 1878 E. B. Tuttle Border Tales 18 One by one the squaws fell in behind the scalp-bearer. scalp-dance n. ΚΠ 1791 J. Long Voy. Indian Interpreter 35 The dances among the Indians are many and various,..[including] the scalp dance. 1837 W. Irving Capt. Bonneville I. iv. 56 They were now bound homewards, to appease the manes of their comrade..and intended to have scalp-dances and other triumphant rejoicings. 1878 E. B. Tuttle Border Tales 17 The weird music of the scalp~dance. scalp-hunter n. ΚΠ 1835 R. M. Bird Hawks of Hawk-hollow I. 79 He acquired a singular reputation as a bold and successful scalp-hunter. 1851 M. Reid Scalp Hunters III. vii. 93 Poor Seguin! No wonder, he had been a scalp-hunter. 1937 T. Rattigan French without Tears ii. i. 37 I can't quite see what my novel has got to do with the machinations of a scalp-hunter. 1975 Observer 23 Nov. (Colour Suppl.) 25/3 Once the scalp-hunters get the word that such-and-such a diplomat wants to defect or to become an out-and-out agent they enjoy priority over the sanctifiers and all the other categories of black operations people. scalp-mark n. ΚΠ 1866 J. G. Whittier Snow-bound 261 How the Indian hordes came down..And how her own great-uncle bore His cruel scalp-mark to four-score. scalp-merchant n. ΚΠ 1795 S. T. Coleridge Conciones ad Populum 46 In America the recent enormities of their Scalp-Merchants. scalp-trophy n. C4. scalp-knife n. = scalping-knife n. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > side arms > knife or dagger > [noun] > types of anlacec1300 misericord1324 bodkin1386 baselardc1390 popperc1390 wood-knife1426 spudc1440 pavade1477 bistoury1490 skene1527 dudgeon1548 sword dagger1567 machete1575 kris1589 bum dagger1596 stillado1607 stiletto1611 steelet1616 hanjar1621 pisaa1640 jockteleg1642 khanjar1684 bayonet1692 kuttar1696 parazonium1751 skene-ochles1754 scalping-knife1759 snick-a-snee1760 manchette1762 snickersnee1775 guard-dagger1786 boarding knife1807 scalp-knife1807 kukri1811 skene-dhu1811 parang1820 stylet1820 belt knife1831 bowie-knife1836 scalper1837 sheath-knife1837 toothpick1837 tumbok lada1839 snick-and-snee knife1843 tickler1844 bowie1846 toad-sticker1858 simi1860 scramasax1862 kinjal1863 left-hander1869 main gauche1869 aikuchi1875 tanto1885 toad-stabber1885 cinquedea1897 trench knife1898 puukko1925 panga1929 quillon dagger1950 flick-knife1957 ratchet knife1966 sai1973 ratchet1975 1807 J. Barlow Columbiad v. 169 Ax, quiver, scalpknife on the girdle hung. scalp-lock n. a long lock of hair left on the head (the rest being shaved) by North American Indians as a challenge to their enemies. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > hair > hair of head > lock or locks > [noun] lockeOE forelockc1000 hair-lockc1000 earlockOE foretopc1290 tressc1290 lachterc1375 fuke1483 sidelock1530 proudfallc1540 widow's locka1543 folding1552 fore-bush1591 flake1592 witch knot1598 tuft1603 French lock1614 head-lock1642 witch-lock1682 rat's tail1706 side-curl1749 scalp knot1805 rat-tail1823 straggler1825 scalping-tuft1826 scalp-lock1827 aggravator1835 soap-lock1840 payess1845 stringleta1852 list1859 tresslet1882 drake's tail1938 1827 J. F. Cooper Prairie II. i. 5 His head was shaved to the crown, where a large and gallant scalp-lock seemed fearlessly to challenge the grasp of his enemies. 1877 G. Gibbs Tribes Washington 222 A figure of a man, with a long queue, or scalp-lock, reaching to his heels. scalp-money n. money paid as a reward for ‘bringing in’ scalps of people or animals. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > payment for labour or service > fee for services rendered > [noun] > payment for capture or return of person or property > others scalp-money1704 head money1713 bounty1764 straggling-money1815 1704 in G. Sheldon Hist. Deerfield, Mass. (1895) I. 299 That the sum of Sixty Pounds be allowed and Paid to the Petitioners..as Scalp money. 1712 S. Sewall Diary 13 June (1973) II. 691 Council would have had Subsistence and £100 Scalp-money. scalp ticket n. originally U.S. a ticket sold by a scalper (see scalper n.² 2a). ΘΚΠ society > travel > rail travel > [noun] > train ticket > types of commutation ticket1848 scalp ticket1880 parliamentary ticket1893 contract1899 awayday1972 1880 G. A. Sala Amer. Revisited 201/1 There are ‘round trip’ tickets which are something more than return, tickets; and finally, there are ‘scalp’ tickets, which you can deal in and discount. 1941 S. J. Baker Pop. Dict. Austral. Slang 68 Scalp ticket, the return half of a train ticket. scalp yell n. a shout celebrating the taking of a scalp. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed encounter > [noun] > battle or a battle > battle-cry or slogan descryc1450 ensign1487 escry1489 senyea1510 slogan1513 cry1548 larum1555 hubbaboo1596 field wordc1625 celeusma1680 tecbir1708 war-whoop1739 war cry1748 scalp yell1792 banner-cry1810 battle-cry1815 battle-word1815 hurrah1841 rebel yell1862 on-cry1899 1792 H. H. Brackenridge Mod. Chivalry I. v. ii. 113 A warrior..separates it [sc. a scalp] from the head, giving, in the mean time, what is called the scalp yell. 1913 J. London Valley of Moon 465 He drew his finny prize to the bank..with the scalp-yell of a Comanche. 1947 National Geographic Mag. July 108/1 The hundreds of scientists being marshaled there are pioneers more potent than any who fought when war drums rolled along the Mohawk, scalp yells quivered on the valley air, and the frontier was aflame. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online June 2022). scalpn.² Brit. /skalp/, U.S. /skælp/, Scottish English /skalp/ Forms: 1500s skap, scawip, skalp, scalfe, scalph, 1600s scap, 1600s, 1800s scaup, 1500s– scalp. Etymology: Perhaps a specific use of scalp n.¹ (compare sense 5), but the forms with f , ph point to the possibility of a different origin. Compare shelp n.¹ Chiefly Scottish and northern. A bank providing a bed for shellfish, esp. oysters and mussels; an oyster or mussel bed or colony. (Often mussel-scalp, oyster-scalp.) ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > section Asiphonida > family Ostreidae > member of (oyster) > oyster bed scalp?15.. oyster bed1591 oyster bank1612 layer1667 oyster-lay1703 oyster-laying1761 oyster bar1823 laying1837 oyster park1862 oysterage1866 oyster field1868 lay1902 the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > section Asiphonida > family Mytilidae > member of (mussel) > mussel bed mussel beda1450 mussel scalp1496 scalp?15.. mussel bank1634 lay1902 ?15.. Aberd. Reg. (Jam.) The scawip of mussillis & kokilliss. 1521 Aberdeen Reg. (1844) I. 98 Nane of the mussillis..now begingin to gader one ane now skap at the northt watter, besyd the Cunningar hillis. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Muskleskalp. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Oyster scalph, ostrifer. [Cf. Elyot Dict., Ostrifer, the place in the sea, whiche is apte to ingender oysters.] 1557 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1897) II. p. lxvii Mussel scalfe. 1587 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1882) 488 To caus brek the swame of the mvssill scalp in the heavin of Leyth. 1593 Minutes of Culross Council To be given to George Bruer for the ancarage and mussel-scalp. 1676 F. Willughby & J. Ray Ornithologiæ iii. 279 Avis hæc the Scaup~duck dicta est, quoniam scalpam [ Ray (1678) 365 Scaup] i.e. pisces testaceos fractos seu contritos esitat. 1793 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. VIII. 461 A scalp of a small kind of mussels. 1862 Macmillan's Mag. Oct. 503 There used to be great battles between the men of Newhaven and the men of Fisherrow, principally about their rights to certain oyster-scalps. 1879 H. Stevenson in R. Lubbock Fauna Norfolk Mem. 15 The sandy flats and mussel-scalps of that portion of the coast. 1882 Standard 26 Sept. 2/1 Boston Deep, which is admirably suited for mussel culture, returns, now that the ‘scalps’ are protected, over 5000l. per annum. 1896 J. H. Crawford Wild Life Scotl. 271 The punt lingered opposite the mud flats, or mussel-scaups exposed by the tide. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † scalpv.¹ Etymology: < Latin scalpĕre. Obsolete. transitive. To cut, carve, engrave; to scrape, scratch. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > cutting > cut [verb (transitive)] snithec725 carvec1000 cutc1275 slitc1275 hag1294 ritc1300 chop1362 slash1382 cut and carvea1398 flash?a1400 flish?a1400 slenda1400 race?a1425 raise?a1425 razea1425 scotch?c1425 ochec1440 slitec1450 ranch?a1525 scorchc1550 scalp1552 mincea1560 rash?1565 beslash1581 fent1589 engrave1590 nick1592 snip1593 carbonado1596 rescide1598 skice1600 entail1601 chip1609 wriggle1612 insecate1623 carbonate1629 carbonade1634 insecta1652 flick1676 sneg1718 snick1728 slot1747 sneck1817 tame1847 bite- 1552 [implied in: R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Scalping yron for a surgeon, scalpellum, scalprum. (Also in later dictionaries.)]. 1662 J. Evelyn Sculptura i. 9 With the..stile, we only cut the Vernish, razing, and Scalping as it were, the Superficies of the Plate. 1761 R. Lloyd Epist. to C. Churchill 13 Critics..Shou'd..not unskilful, yet with lordly Air, Read Surgeon's lectures while they scalp and tear. 1802 M. Moore Lascelles II. 23 The points of their swords scalped off their noses. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2021). scalpv.² Forms: Also 1600s skulp (?). Etymology: < scalp n.¹From English are French scalper, German skalpiren, Dutch scalpeeren, Swedish skalpera. 1. a. transitive. To cut off the scalp of (a person): chiefly said of the North American Indians. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > torture > [verb (transitive)] > scalp scalp1676 the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > maiming or mutilation > maim or mutilate [verb (transitive)] > scalp scalp1676 sculp1758 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > criticism > criticize [verb (transitive)] > severely to be sharp upon1561 crossbite1571 scarify1582 canvass1590 maul1592 slasha1652 fib1665 to be severe on (or upon)1672 scalp1676 to pull to (or in) pieces1703 roast1710 to cut up1762 tomahawk1815 to blow sky-high1819 row1826 excoriate1833 scourge1835 target1837 slate1848 scathe1852 to take apart1880 soak1892 pan1908 burn1914 slam1916 sandbag1919 to put the blast on (someone)1929 to tear down1938 clobber1944 handbag1952 rip1961 monster1976 the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > kill [verb (transitive)] > by beheading > to scalp scalp1676 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > treat fraudulently, cheat [verb (transitive)] deceivec1330 defraud1362 falsec1374 abuse?a1439 fraud1563 visure1570 cozen1583 coney-catch1592 to fetch in1592 cheat1597 sell1607 mountebanka1616 dabc1616 nigglea1625 to put it on1625 shuffle1627 cuckold1644 to put a cheat on1649 tonya1652 fourbe1654 imposturea1659 impose1662 slur1664 knap1665 to pass upon (also on)1673 snub1694 ferret1699 nab1706 shool1745 humbug1750 gag1777 gudgeon1787 kid1811 bronze1817 honeyfuggle1829 Yankee1837 middle1863 fuck1866 fake1867 skunk1867 dead-beat1888 gold-brick1893 slicker1897 screw1900 to play it1901 to do in1906 game1907 gaff1934 scalp1939 sucker1939 sheg1943 swizz1961 butt-fuck1979 1676 N. S. New Narr. New-Eng. 14 Laying him for dead, they flead (or skulp'd) his head of skin and hair. 1697 S. Sewall Diary 13 Sept. (1973) I. 377 Indians shot and scalped him about noon. 1754 H. Walpole in World III. 285 The Chippoways and Orundaks are still very troublesome. Last week they scalped one of our Indians. 1867 F. Parkman Jesuits in N. Amer. xix. 281 They sought out the bodies, carefully scalped them, and set out in triumph on their return. 1877 G. Gibbs Tribes Washington 192 None of the western tribes within my observation have pursued the practice of scalping the slain. absolute.1759 W. Mason Let. 25 Jan. in T. Gray Corr. (1935) II. 612 If you don't let them [sc. critics] scalp they'll do you no service.?1778 Conquerors 61 Whose Indians scalp'd and carry'd desolation..to christian nation.figurative.1849 N. Hawthorne Let. to H. Mann 8 Aug. I shall do my best to kill and scalp him in the public prints.1856 J. F. Ferrier Inst. Metaphysic (ed. 2) xi. ix. 298 Dr. Reid and his followers, instead of scalping a doctrine, have merely tomahawked a word.1939 ‘A. Bridge’ Four-part Setting ii. 16 Henry is plain sailing, of course—he's quite simply scalped... He's always being scalped. It's his own fault—he will chase women so.1973 ‘D. Kyle’ Raft of Swords (1974) x. 99 Calder took a taxi to Heathrow airport. Inevitably he would be scalped on the cab fare. b. U.S. Political slang. ΚΠ 1891 Cent. Dict. Scalp,..to destroy the political influence of, or punish for insubordination to party rule. 2. transferred. a. U.S. (See quot. 1895.) ΚΠ 1825 J. Lorain Nature in Pract. Husb. 335 The Yankee farmer first chops the fallen timber, then scalps off the grubs level with the ground. 1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. Scalp, to level by cutting off, as the tops of cradle-knolls and the knobs of logs laid in corduroy roads; as, to scalp a road. b. dialect. To strip off (the turf or upper soil). ΚΠ 1806 R. Forsyth Beauties Scotl. IV. 524 Unmerciful destroyers of all the grounds around them, scalping and tearing up every bit of better soil. 1866 T. Edmondston Etymol. Gloss. Shetland & Orkney Dial. 97 Scalp; ‘to scalp the land’—to pare off the surface of the soil. c. Metallurgy. To remove the surface layer of (metal); to remove (the surface) from metal. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > remove surface layer of metal scalp1922 1922 Brass World & Plater's Guide XVIII. 96 After the slabs are cooled they are sent to the overhauling machines where a thin layer of metal is scalped from the surface. 1922 [implied in: Jrnl. Inst. Metals 28 881 Rolling data for brass and bronze, scalping, annealing, and pickling. (at scalping n.² 2)]. 1949 [implied in: J. E. Garside Process & Physical Metall. viii. 123 It is becoming general practice in the case of non-ferrous alloys to subject slabs and billets to a surface machining operation known as ‘scalping’ prior to cold-rolling. (at scalping n.² 2)]. 1958 A. D. Merriman Dict. Metall. 305/1 Other methods used to scalp the ingot are by chipping, milling, planing or by means of the oxyacetylene torch. 3. Milling. a. To separate the ‘hair’ or ‘fuzz’ from (wheat, etc.) by attrition and screening. ΚΠ a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 782/2 Scalping (Milling), brushing the hair or fuzz from the ends of wheat grain to prevent its getting into the flour. b. To separate the different sizes of wheat, etc. from one another by means of sieves or screens. ΚΠ 1883 K. Neftel Rep. Flour-milling (10th Census U.S.) 16 The wheat is scalped in four reels. 4. Stock Market, etc. To buy at very low rates so as to be able to sell at less than official rates. Also absol. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > deal in stocks and shares [verb (transitive)] > specific operations subscribe1618 to take up1655 to sell out1721 to take in1721 to take up1740 pool?1780 capitalize1797 put1814 feed1818 to vote (the) stock (or shares)1819 corner1836 to sell short1852 promote1853 recapitalize1856 refund1857 float1865 water1865 margin1870 unload1870 acquire1877 maintain1881 syndicate1882 scalp1886 pyramid1888 underwrite1889 oversubscribe1891 joint-stock1894 wash1895 write1908 mark1911 split1927 marry1931 stag1935 unwind1958 short1959 preplace1966 unitize1970 bed and breakfast1974 index-link1974 warehouse1977 daisy-chain1979 strip1981 greenmail1984 pull1986 1886 Harper's Mag. July 213/2 [The scalper buys] any quantity of grain that may be offered, sells it at an advance of 1/8 cent per bushel, thus scalps the market. 1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 15 Oct. 12/1 A professional speculator, who ‘scalped’ the market on a big scale for a small profit per bushel. 1891 Cent. Dict. (at cited word) To scalp railway-tickets. 1897 Boston Globe 29 Aug. 39/5 The broker himself would be selling the stock at 104 in New York, thereby ‘scalping’ one-fourth and making a handsome profit at no risk. 1902 G. H. Lorimer Lett. Merchant 201 I saw what looked like a safe chance to scalp the market for a couple of cents a bushel. 1948 Sun (Baltimore) 26 Nov. 18/2 The Stadium attendants told me they are the same men..who scalp at other games,..selling 60-cent tickets for $1. 1977 Time 19 Dec. 66/1 The generous benefactor to down-and-out friends wore the same loud waistcoats as the pinchpenny negotiator who scalped outmatched publishers. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online December 2020). scalpv.³ rare. = scapple v. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or constructing with stone > build or construct with stone [verb (transitive)] > dress stone scapple1443 dress1501 broach1544 scabble1620 scalp1725 bed1793 rough-dress1807 hammer-dress1837 scapple-dress1840 scutch1848 1725 J. Webb's Stone-Heng 88 They were scalped [1665 scapled] at the Quarries. 1883 Stonemason Jan. It is then trimmed (or scalped) into shape by men called block-choppers. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2018). < n.¹a1300n.²?15..v.¹1552v.²1676v.³1725
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scalpn.1

Compounds

scalpn.2

† scalpv.1

scalpv.2

scalpv.3

scalpn.¹

scalpn.²

† scalpv.¹

scalpv.²

scalpv.³